CN1532188A - 用于制备4-氰基环己烷羧酸的方法和中间体 - Google Patents
用于制备4-氰基环己烷羧酸的方法和中间体 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1532188A CN1532188A CNA2004100320063A CN200410032006A CN1532188A CN 1532188 A CN1532188 A CN 1532188A CN A2004100320063 A CNA2004100320063 A CN A2004100320063A CN 200410032006 A CN200410032006 A CN 200410032006A CN 1532188 A CN1532188 A CN 1532188A
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- KJZWYCAIEUYAIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-cyanocyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C#N)CC1 KJZWYCAIEUYAIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 2-tetrahydro-thienyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CXDHJGCWMIOAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pyridin-3-yl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C1CCNC(C=2C=NC=CC=2)=N1 CXDHJGCWMIOAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YPWFISCTZQNZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiane Chemical compound C1CCSCC1 YPWFISCTZQNZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003392 indanyl group Chemical group C1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical group [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005958 tetrahydrothienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical group [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229960001867 guaiacol Drugs 0.000 description 7
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000005703 Trimethylamine hydrochloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004493 neutrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002587 phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SZYJELPVAFJOGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN(C)C SZYJELPVAFJOGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carbonitrile Chemical group C1=C(C#N)C=C2OC(F)(F)OC2=C1 VMJNTFXCTXAXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OLSJHVZRUFFIPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1O OLSJHVZRUFFIPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000006545 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZEEBGORNQSEQBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(3-phenylphenoxy)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound C1(=CC(=CC=C1)OC1=NC(=CC(=C1)CN)C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZEEBGORNQSEQBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKIOKAURTKXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N adams's catalyst Chemical compound O=[Pt]=O YKIOKAURTKXMSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BRTFVKHPEHKBQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromocyclopentane Chemical compound BrC1CCCC1 BRTFVKHPEHKBQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940123932 Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000011017 Type 4 Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010037584 Type 4 Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ABRVLXLNVJHDRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-pyridin-3-yl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound FC(C1=CC(=CC(=N1)C=1C=NC=CC=1)CN)(F)F ABRVLXLNVJHDRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006315 carbonylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005810 carbonylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002603 chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])Cl 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000011268 leukocyte chemotaxis Effects 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C249/00—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/45—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C255/46—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings to carbon atoms of non-condensed rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/06—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a five-membered ring
- C07C2601/08—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a five-membered ring the ring being saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供制备式(I)的取代的环己烷羧酸的方法,其中Ra是任选地由氧、硫或氮连接于苯环的含碳基团和j是1-5;和R和R*之一是H和另一个是C(O)OH。
Description
发明领域
本申请是申请日为2000年9月15日、申请号为00812911.8、发明名称为用于制备4-氰基环己烷羧酸的方法和中间体的中国发明专利申请的分案申请。
本发明涉及制备某些用作磷酸二酯酶4抑制剂的酸的方法。更具体地说,本发明涉及由愈创木酚制备4-(取代的苯基)-4-氰基环己烷羧酸的方法和在该方法中制备和使用的某些中间体。
发明背景
本发明的方法涉及制备用于治疗由磷酸二酯酶4酶的同种型介导的疾病。愈创木酚,起始物料,进行一系列的9步骤转化得到4-氰基环己烷羧酸,在若干可能的产物中,它可用于制备某些PDE4抑制剂,它们用于治疗肺病,例如慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)和哮喘和其它疾病。本发明的方法也可用于制备其它4-氰基环己烷羧酸。
本发明的方法制备的主要目标化合物和本文公开的中间体在1996年9月3日颁布的US5554238和相关专利和公开的申请中。该专利全文列为本文参考文献。这些化合物,尤其是4-氰基环己烷羧酸,在体外对中性白细胞活性和抑制中性白细胞趋药性和去粒有明显效果。在动物模型中,这些化合物在体内降低循环的中性白细胞外渗、肺分离和对许多炎性结果的水肿反应。它们被发现在人体和可能的患有COPD的其他哺乳动物中用于治疗COPD。
发明概述
在第一方面,本发明涉及制备式(I)的取代的环己烷羧酸的方法:
其中Ra是任选地由氧、硫或氮连接于苯环的含碳基团和j是1-5;和
R和R*之一是H和另一个是C(O)OH;
该方法包括:
使用重金属催化剂和氢气催化还原式II的酮:
其中烷基含有1-6个碳原子和(Ra)j是如上定义的。
更具体地说,本发明涉及制备式IA化合物的方法:
其中:
R1是-(CR4R5)rR6,其中烷基部分是未取代的或被一个或多个卤素取代;
r是0-6;
R4和R5独立地选自H或C1-2烷基;
R6是氢、甲基、羟基、芳基、卤素取代的芳基、芳氧基C1-3烷基、卤素取代的芳氧基C1-3烷基、二氢化茚基、茚基、C7-11多环烷基、四氢呋喃基、呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、吡喃基、四氢噻吩基、噻吩基、四氢噻喃基、噻喃基、C3-6环烷基或含有一个或两个不饱和键的C4-6环烷基,其中环烷基或杂环基部分是未取代的或被1-3个甲基、1个乙基或羟基取代;
其条件是:
b)当R6是羟基时,则r是2-6;和
d)当R6是2-四氢吡喃基、2-四氢噻喃基、2-四氢呋喃基或2-四氢噻吩基时,则r是1-6;
X是YR2;
Y是O;
X2是O;
R2是-CH3或-CH2CH3,其未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代;
R和R*之一是H和另一个是C(O)OH。
在另一方面,本发明涉及用于式(I)化合物的中间体,即
式(A)和
其中在每个式(A)和(C)中,X、X2和R1基团是如同式(I)中定义的,L是离去基团,如卤素或三氟甲磺酸。
此外,本发明涉及如上定义的式(I)的产物,它通过使用重金属催化剂和氢气催化还原式A的酮的方法制备:
其中烷基含有1-6个碳原子和X、X2和R1是如上定义的。
在另一方面,本发明包括如上定义的式(I)的产物,它通过羰基化式(B)的酮:
形成式(A)化合物,随后将其转化为式(I)的化合物的方法制备。
发明的详细描述
本发明提供制备氰基环己烷羧酸的方法。本发明尤其涉及在列为本文参考文献的US5554238中详细公开的作为磷酸二酯酶4抑制剂的氰基环己烷羧酸的方法。本发明还用于制备除本文说明的氰基环己烷羧酸之外的其它氰基环己烷羧酸。
对于在式(I)、(II)、(A)、(B)和(C)中的优选取代基,R1是CH2-环丙基或C4-6环烷基。优选的R2基团是未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代的C1-2烷基。卤素原子优选氟和氯,更优选氟。更优选的R2基团是其中R2是甲基或氟取代的烷基,具体地是C1-2烷基的基团,例如-CF3、-CHF2或-CH2CHF2。最优选-CHF2和-CH3基团。最优选其中R1是-CH2-环丙基、环戊基、3-羟基环戊基、甲基或CHF2和R2是CF2H或CH3的化合物。尤其优选其中R1是环戊基和R2是CH3的化合物。
通过本发明的方法制备的最优选产物是顺式-[4-氰基-4-(3-环戊基氧基-4-甲氧基苯基)环己烷-1-羧酸]。
对于中间体,式(C)的L基团是在如下实施例3中描述的一般条件下是活泼的任何离去基团。优选L是卤素或三氟甲磺酸,最优选氯、溴或碘或三氟甲磺酸。
当由环己-2-烯-1-酮形成环己酮时,使用季铵化合物或季胺和氰化物盐。举例性的季铵化合物是卤化铵,例如氯化铵和溴化铵。举例性的季胺是三烷基胺卤化氢,例如三甲基胺盐酸盐。氰化物盐包括卤化物盐,例如氰化钠或氰化钾。
方案I说明将愈创木酚转化为式(I)的酸。
方案I
该方法可用于在反应的合适步骤中制备用选择的基团取代图示的3位或4位基团的式(I)、(II)、(A)、(B)或(C)的其他化合物。
在方案I中,化合物1-1和1-2加上方括号表示它们不完全分离,而是加工成浓缩物形式,直接用于下一步骤。将由商业来源获得的愈创木酚在室温下溶解于合适的溶剂中,随后该醇被酯化以在溴化步骤中进行保护(溴用于举例说明该方案中的L基团),随后用例如三氟乙酐(约1当量)处理愈创木酚,向其中碱金属醇盐,例如叔丁醇钾(约0.1当量)。可以预计也可以使用叔丁醇和其他3-5个碳原子仲和叔醇的钠和钾盐。随后使用N-溴琥珀酰亚胺进行环的溴化。从烧瓶中除去用于酰基化反应的溶剂。浓缩的未分离的酯1-1用N-溴琥珀酰亚胺(约1当量),优选使用用于酯化过程的相同溶剂处理。随后在约室温下搅拌溶液10-30小时。在溴化反应进行完全后(化合物1-2),使用合适的碱皂化酯得到化合物1-3。氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化锂等优选用于进行酯的水解。
为获得本发明优选的最终产物,通过使用诸如烷基卤化物或环烷基卤化物进行置换反应由溴化愈创木酚的醇形成酯(1-4)。这里用环戊基酯举例说明。酚1-3溶解在溶剂中,例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,向其中加入脂族卤化物和碱金属碳酸盐。以相对于酚约1当量的数量加入卤化物,对于碱金属碳酸盐同样如此。对于碳酸盐,优选碳酸钾,但也可以使用相应的碳酸钠或碳酸锂。在本发明实践中,反应在高温(100-140℃)下进行一夜,此时,加入附加的碳酸钾和脂族卤化物,持续加热7小时以上。随后冷却溶液,加入无机碱,将产物(1-4)提取到有机溶剂中。
2-环己烯-1-酮,1-5,通过首先用诸如正丁基锂在降低的温度下处理式1-4的溴取代的酚,随后加入3-乙氧基-2-环己烯-1-酮,同时保持反应混合物的温度在降低的温度下制备。例如将酚在约-78℃的温度下溶解在无水溶剂中,加入正丁基锂。在简短的混合时间后,缓慢加入约1当量的酮。在再次至多20分钟的简短的混合时间后,加入含水无机酸,将产物提取到合适有机溶剂中。
随后在环己烷环上在苯环取代的相同碳原子上引入氰基,这通过用季铵化合物和碱金属氰化物盐在相容的溶剂中处理2-环己烯-1-酮和在中等高的温度,但低于溶剂沸点的温度下加热反应容器24-72小时完成。为进一步说明,在室温下将酮溶解在胺或酰胺溶剂,例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中。然后将季铵化合物如氯化铵或三甲胺盐酸盐与氰化钾一起加入。随后将溶液在约90-120℃(对于DMF110℃)加热约48小时,使用标准方法分离产物,1-6。
随后通过用N,N-二异丙基氨基锂处理酮,随后用氯代原甲酸酯,例如原甲酸氯乙酯处理酮在环己烷的6位上引入羧基。在酮的冷却溶液中依次加入稍过量的酰胺和原甲酸酯。反应在降低的温度,优选-78℃下进行。在约10-60分钟的进行反应的时间后,反应用水停止。通过常规方法回收在方案I中用1-7说明的产物。
β-酮基酯,1-7的还原通过使用重金属催化剂氢化酮进行。本文中催化剂用二氧化铂说明。也可以使用其它金属催化剂,例如氢氧化钯。将酮溶解在溶剂,例如挥发性脂肪酸,例如乙酸中,加入催化剂,使悬浮液处于氢气气氛中。得到的产物是顺式[4-氰基-4-(3-环戊氧基-4-甲氧基苯基)环己烷-1-羧酸]。
提供如下实施例用于说明本发明。这些实施例不用于限制要求保护的本发明,仅说明什么是发明要求保护的。发明人要求保护的内容由所附的权利要求书限定。
具体实施例
实施例1.
5-溴-2-甲氧基苯酚的制备
在室温下向愈创木酚(5.0g,0.04mol)在乙腈(50ml)中的溶液中加入三氟乙酸酐(6.2ml,1.1当量)。将溶液搅拌5分钟,随后缓慢加入1M叔丁醇钾(4.0ml,0.1当量)。将得到的混合物搅拌45分钟。经添加漏斗缓慢加入N-溴琥珀酰亚胺(7.83g,1.1当量)在乙腈(50ml)中的溶液。橙色溶液搅拌24小时,随后在旋转蒸发器中除去溶剂得到残余物,将其悬浮在二氯甲烷(50ml)中。加入6N氢氧化钠水溶液(20ml),分离出有机层并弃去。含水碱性层用浓盐酸酸化直至达到pH2。加入二氯甲烷(50ml)以提取酸性水层。在分离后,用盐水洗涤有机层,在旋转蒸发器中浓缩,得到所需产物(8g)红色油状物,90%收率。
数据:1HNMR(CDCl3)δppm:7.1(s,1H.芳族的);6.95(d 1H.芳族的);6.7(d.1H.芳族的);5.15(s.1H.OH);3.9(s,3H.OCH3)。
实施例2.
O-环戊基-(5-溴-2-甲氧基)苯酚的制备
向5-溴-2-甲氧基苯酚(8.0g,0.04mol)在无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(50ml)中的溶液中加入环戊基溴(4.75ml,1.1当量),随后加入碳酸钾(6.1g,1.1当量)。悬浮液在120℃下加热过夜。16小时后,加入另外的2g碳酸钾和1ml环戊基溴。悬浮液在120℃下再搅拌3小时。使反应混合物冷却到室温,加入6N氢氧化钠水溶液,随后加入乙酸乙酯和水。分离出有机层,用水和盐水洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥和真空过滤。在旋转蒸发器中浓缩滤液得到标题化合物(8g,75%)。
数据:1NMR(CDCl3)δppm:7.0(1s.1d.2H.芳族的).6.7(d.1H.芳族的):4.7(m.1H.CH-O-苯基).3.8(s.3H.OCH3):2.0-1.5(m.8H.环戊基)。
实施例3.
3-(3’-环戊基氧基-4’-甲氧基)苯基-2-环己烯-1-酮的制备
在-78℃下向O-环戊基-(5-溴-2-甲氧基)苯酚(400mg,1.48mmol)在无水四氢呋喃(2ml)中的溶液中加入2.5M的正丁基锂溶液(651.2μl,1.1当量)。混合物在-78℃下搅拌15分钟,随后用注射器缓慢加入3-乙氧基-2-环己烯-1-酮(200μl,1.0当量)。反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌10-15分钟,加入1N盐酸水溶液,随后加入叔丁基甲基醚。分离出有机层,在旋转蒸发器中浓缩得到油状物,它是所需产物(用GC-MS,95%)和过量3-乙氧基-2-环己烯-1-酮(5%)的混合物。通过在高真空下蒸馏除去后者得到标题产物(367mg;87%)固体。
数据:1HMR(CDCl3)8ppm:7.12(d,1H,芳族的);7.09(s,1H,芳族的);6.85(d,1H.芳族的);6.4(s,1H,乙烯基);4.75(m,1H CH-O-苯基);3.85(s,3H.OCH3);2.7(m,2H,CH2-环己酮)2.45(m,2H,CH2-环己酮);2.1(m.2H,CH2-环己酮);2.0-1.5(m.8H,环戊基)。
实施例4.
3-氰基-3-[3’-环戊基氧基-4’-甲氧基]苯基环己烷-1-酮的制 备
向3-(3’-环戊基氧基-4’-甲氧基)苯基-2-环己烯-1-酮(367mg,1.28mmol)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的溶液中在室温下加入水(4ml)、氯化铵(可以用三甲基胺盐酸盐代替)(103mg,1.5当量)和氰化钾(167mg,2当量)。反应混合物在110℃加热48小时。加入水,随后加入叔丁基甲基醚。分离有机层,用盐水洗涤,用硫酸镁干燥。在真空过滤后,滤液在旋转蒸发器中浓缩得到粗油状物,它用快速色谱法(己烷∶乙酸乙酯5∶1)纯化以40%的收率得到所需产物。
数据:1HNMR(CDCl3)δppm:6.95(1d.1s.2H.芳族的);6.85(d,1H.芳族的):4.75(m.1H CH-O-苯基):3.85(s.3H,OCH3);2.82(s.2H.CH2-环己酮):2.6-1.5(m.14H.环戊基和环己酮)。
实施例5.
5-氰基-5-[3’-环戊基氧基-4’-甲氧基]苯基-2-乙基羧酸-环己 烷-1-酮的制备
在-78℃向3-氰基-3-[3’-环戊基氧基-4’-甲氧基]苯基环己烷-1-酮(115mg,0.367mmol)在四氢呋喃(2ml)中的溶液中滴加N,N-二异丙基氨基锂(250μl,1.2当量)。混合物在该温度下搅拌30分钟,用注射器滴加氯乙基原甲酸酯,反应混合物在-78℃下搅拌30分钟,用水停止。加入叔丁基甲基醚,用分离漏斗分离水层。有机溶液用水和盐水洗涤,在旋转蒸发器中浓缩得到油状物,用快速色谱法(己烷∶乙酸乙酯4∶1)纯化得到标题化合物(42mg,40%)。
数据:1HNMR(CDCl3)δppm:7.0(m.2H.芳族的):6.85(d.1H,芳族的)。4.8(m.1H,CH-O-苯基):4.25(q,2H.-CO2-CH2-)3.85(s,3H,OCH3):2.4-1.5(m.14H.环戊基和环己酮):1.33(t,3H.CH3-酯).
实施例6.
顺式[4-氰基-4-(3-环戊基氧基-4-甲氧基苯基)环己烷-2-羧酸] 的制备
向5-氰基-5-[3’-环戊基氧基-4’-甲氧基]苯基-2-乙基羧酸-环己烷-1-酮(20mg,0.05mmol)在乙酸中的溶液中加入二氧化铂(3mg)。悬浮液在氢气压力(60psi)下在PARR shacker中过夜。随后过滤混合物,滤液在旋转蒸发器中浓缩得到残余物,它用制备TLC板纯化得到SB207499(6.2mg,30%)。
数据:1HNMR(CDCl3)δppm:7.0(s.IH,芳族的);6.95(d.1H,芳族的):6.82(d,1H,芳族的):4.8(m,1H.CH-O-苯基):3.85(s,3H.0CH3):2.5-1.5(m.16H.环戊基和环己酮)。
Claims (13)
2.权利要求1的方法,其中j是2,Ra基团在苯环的3和4位上取代。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中化合物是式IA化合物:
其中:
R1是-(CR4R5)R6,其中烷基部分是未取代的或被一个或多个卤素取代;
r是0-6;
R4和R5独立地选自H或C1-2烷基;
R6是氢、甲基、羟基、芳基、卤素取代的芳基、芳氧基C1-3烷基、卤素取代的芳氧基C1-3烷基、二氢化茚基、茚基、C7-11多环烷基、四氢呋喃基、呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、吡喃基、四氢噻吩基、噻吩基、四氢噻喃基、噻喃基、C3-6环烷基或含有一个或两个不饱和键的C4-6环烷基,其中环烷基或杂环基部分是未取代的或被1-3个甲基、1个乙基或羟基取代;
其条件是:
b)当R6是羟基时,则r是2-6;和
d)当R6是2-四氢吡喃基、2-四氢噻喃基、2-四氢呋喃基或2-四氢噻吩基时,则r是1-6;
X是YR2;
Y是O;
X2是O;
R2是-CH3或-CH2CH3,其未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代;
R和R*之一是H和另一个是C(O)OH。
4.权利要求1-3的任一的方法,其中重金属催化剂是氧化铂。
5.权利要求1-4的任一的方法,其中在式(I)中,R1是-CH2-环丙基、环戊基、3-羟基环戊基、甲基或CHF2和R2是CF2H或CH3。
6.权利要求1-5的任一的方法,其中R1是环戊基和R2是甲基。
7.式(A)的化合物
其中烷基含有1-6个碳原子;
R1是-(CR4R5)rR6,其中烷基部分是未取代的或被一个或多个卤素取代;
r是0-6;
R4和R5独立地选自H或C1-2烷基;
R6是H、甲基、羟基、芳基、卤素取代的芳基、芳氧基C1-3烷基、卤素取代的芳氧基C1-3烷基、二氢化茚基、茚基、C7-11多环烷基、四氢呋喃基、呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、吡喃基、四氢噻吩基、噻吩基、四氢噻喃基、噻喃基、C3-6环烷基或含有一个或两个不饱和键的C4-6环烷基,其中环烷基或杂环基部分是未取代的或被1-3个甲基、1个乙基或羟基取代;
其条件是:
b)当R6是羟基时,则r是2-6;和
d)当R6是2-四氢吡喃基、2-四氢噻喃基、2-四氢呋喃基或2-四氢噻吩基时,则r是1-6;
X是YR2;
Y是O;
X2是O;
R2是-CH3或-CH2CH3,其未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代。
8.权利要求7的化合物,其中R1是-CH2-环丙基、环戊基、3-羟基环戊基、甲基或CHF2和R2是CF2H或CH3,形成烷基酯基团是乙基。
9.权利要求8的化合物,其中R1是环戊基和R2是甲基。
10.制备式(B)化合物的方法:
其中:
R1是-(CR4R5)R6,其中烷基部分是未取代的或被一个或多个卤素取代;
r是0-6;
R4和R5独立地选自H或C1-2烷基;
R6是氢、甲基、羟基、芳基、卤素取代的芳基、芳氧基C1-3烷基、卤素取代的芳氧基C1-3烷基、二氢化茚基、茚基、C7-11多环烷基、四氢呋喃基、呋喃基、四氢吡喃基、吡喃基、四氢噻吩基、噻吩基、四氢噻喃基、噻喃基、C3-6环烷基或含有一个或两个不饱和键的C4-6环烷基,其中环烷基或杂环基部分是未取代的或被1-3个甲基、1个乙基或羟基取代;
其条件是:
b)当R6是羟基时,则r是2-6;和
d)当R6是2-四氢吡喃基、2-四氢噻喃基、2-四氢呋喃基或2-四氢噻吩基时,则r是1-6;
X是YR2;
Y是O;和
X2是O;
R2是-CH3或-CH2CH3,其未取代或被一个或多个卤素取代;
该方法包括在加热下用卤化铵或胺盐和氰化物盐处理式(D)化合物。
11.权利要求10的方法,其中R1是-CH2-环丙基、环戊基、3-羟基环戊基、甲基或CHF2和R2是CF2H或CH3。
12.权利要求10的方法,其中R1是环戊基和R2是甲基。
13.权利要求10-12的方法,其中卤化铵是氯化铵,氰化物盐是氰化钾。
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US15408499P | 1999-09-15 | 1999-09-15 | |
US60/154,084 | 1999-09-15 |
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CNB2004100320059A Expired - Fee Related CN1266120C (zh) | 1999-09-15 | 2000-09-15 | 用于制备4-氰基环己烷羧酸的中间体 |
CNB2004100320063A Expired - Fee Related CN1266121C (zh) | 1999-09-15 | 2000-09-15 | 用于制备4-氰基环己烷羧酸的中间体的制备方法 |
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CNB2004100320059A Expired - Fee Related CN1266120C (zh) | 1999-09-15 | 2000-09-15 | 用于制备4-氰基环己烷羧酸的中间体 |
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EP (1) | EP1220833A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003509405A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20020033802A (zh) |
CN (3) | CN1240673C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR029453A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU775587B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0014011A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2385153A1 (zh) |
CO (1) | CO5241281A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ2002916A3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1049145A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0202680A3 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL148332A0 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY126799A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20021034D0 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ517449A (zh) |
PE (1) | PE20010599A1 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL354656A1 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR200200657T2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI231811B (zh) |
UY (1) | UY26333A1 (zh) |
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WO1995003794A1 (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-09 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | 3-cyano-3-(3,4-disubstituted)phenylcyclohexyl-1-carboxylates |
AU7957794A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-05-01 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory compounds, compositions and uses |
GB9404706D0 (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1994-04-27 | Smithkline Beecham Corp | Compounds |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1266120C (zh) | 2006-07-26 |
JP2003509405A (ja) | 2003-03-11 |
BR0014011A (pt) | 2002-11-19 |
AU7703000A (en) | 2001-04-17 |
NO20021034L (no) | 2002-03-01 |
US6624323B1 (en) | 2003-09-23 |
NZ517449A (en) | 2004-02-27 |
TWI231811B (en) | 2005-05-01 |
EP1220833A1 (en) | 2002-07-10 |
UY26333A1 (es) | 2001-07-31 |
CN1240673C (zh) | 2006-02-08 |
WO2001019785A1 (en) | 2001-03-22 |
CN1374941A (zh) | 2002-10-16 |
CO5241281A1 (es) | 2003-01-31 |
CN1532187A (zh) | 2004-09-29 |
CZ2002916A3 (cs) | 2002-06-12 |
HK1049145A1 (zh) | 2003-05-02 |
KR20020033802A (ko) | 2002-05-07 |
PL354656A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
IL148332A0 (en) | 2002-09-12 |
EP1220833A4 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
PE20010599A1 (es) | 2001-07-07 |
HUP0202680A2 (hu) | 2002-12-28 |
AU775587B2 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
MY126799A (en) | 2006-10-31 |
TR200200657T2 (tr) | 2002-07-22 |
NO20021034D0 (no) | 2002-03-01 |
CN1266121C (zh) | 2006-07-26 |
ZA200201985B (en) | 2002-12-24 |
AR029453A1 (es) | 2003-07-02 |
CA2385153A1 (en) | 2001-03-22 |
HUP0202680A3 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
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