CN1524159A - Tunnel waterproofing method - Google Patents
Tunnel waterproofing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1524159A CN1524159A CNA018140092A CN01814009A CN1524159A CN 1524159 A CN1524159 A CN 1524159A CN A018140092 A CNA018140092 A CN A018140092A CN 01814009 A CN01814009 A CN 01814009A CN 1524159 A CN1524159 A CN 1524159A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cement concrete
- waterproof sheet
- layer
- tunnel
- concrete
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a waterproofing construction method with which excellent waterproofing capacity can be assured. A tunnel waterproofing method characterized in that a primary spray cement concrete is sprayed on the excavation surface of the tunnel, after which a waterproofing sheet having adhesiveness with a secondary coating cement concrete is installed on said primary spray cement concrete surface and a secondary coating cement concrete is established on said waterproofing sheet surface. A buffer-water conducting layer may also be established on said primary spray cement concrete surface and a multilayer waterproofing sheet having adhesiveness with the applied cement concete may also be installed as a waterproofing sheet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the method for tunnel water proofing.Among the present invention, slurry, plaster and concrete are as the generic term of expression cement concrete.
Background technology
Be the NATM method in the main tunnel construction method of Japan at present.The NATM building method is so a kind of method, wherein, applies first coating to prevent that rock falls and leaks in excavation region by directly spray plaster or concrete mode after tunnelling.Afterwards, apply second concrete sheath coat so that by keeping tunnel intensity to stablize the tunnel.At this moment, be provided with that waterproof sheet is used for waterproof and as interlayer between first concrete sheath coat and second concrete sheath coat, thereby can prevent that sealing bleeds in the tunnel, and can prevent because second concrete sheath coat sticks to the crackle that causes on the knoll, or prevent because the crackle that the migration of this knoll causes.Recently, can carry out tunnelling (TBM building method), and waterproof sheet is set is used for same waterproof purpose by tunnel drilling rig.
In addition,,, have such problem as 1-2 rice because the width of thin slice is narrow, promptly when the waterproof sheet end by stacked on top of each other and when being welded to connect, it is more bothersome to require bigger labour intensity to reach, and is uneconomic.
Also have such problem, promptly since waterproof sheet by the functional damage of bad welding portion, and the tunnel dig a hole the surface scrambling, make between the waterproof sheet and second concrete sheath coat to cause infiltration, thereby can not obtain waterproof ability.
Summary of the invention
When increasing the thickness of waterproof sheet for the damage that prevents waterproof sheet, there is such problem, i.e. it is difficult that the welding of waterproof sheet end becomes, and increased the quality of waterproof sheet, and the result is that actual enforcement characteristic becomes more bad.
The inventor has carried out various researchs to the problems referred to above.The result is, they have found tunnel waterproofing construction method and perfect the present invention, wherein before the second coating cement concrete layer is set, to have adhering waterproof sheet to the second coating cement concrete layer is arranged on the first spray cement concrete surface, and, wherein become as a whole by making waterproof sheet and second apply cement concrete layer, prevented that damage owing to bad welding position and waterproof sheet end from causing at the waterproof sheet and second seepage that applies between the layer of concrete, even apply when cracking in the cement concrete layer second and can prevent to leak, and can improve waterproof ability greatly.
The present invention provides a kind of tunnel waterproofing method especially, it is characterized in that, first spray cement concrete is sprayed to tunnel excavation surface, apply cement concrete layer and have adhering waterproof sheet second afterwards and be set on the described first spray cement concrete surface, thereby this second is applied cement concrete layer and be formed on the described waterproof sheet surface; [perhaps] a kind of tunnel waterproofing method, it is characterized in that, first spray cement concrete is sprayed to tunnel excavation surface, afterwards buffer-water conducting layer is formed on the described first spray cement concrete surface, second applies cement concrete layer and has adhering waterproof sheet and be set to described second and apply on the cement concrete layer, thereby the described second coating cement concrete layer is formed on the described waterproof sheet surface; And a kind of tunnel waterproofing method, its feature is that also waterproof sheet is the multilayer flashing thin slice, it has with the second coating cement concrete layer adhering one deck is arranged.
Embodiments of the present invention
Below we will describe the present invention in detail.
The present invention is a kind of building method, wherein by spraying waterproof sheet and tunnel is formed an integral body, preferably the rapid-curing cutback cement concrete is sprayed to the tunnel surface of digging a hole, and setting afterwards and second applies cement concrete layer and has adhering waterproof sheet.This waterproof sheet can follow-up adjustment apply cement concrete layer and the drying of knoll after finishing and the crackle that shrinks the cement concrete that causes owing to second.By cement concrete and waterproof sheet are formed an integral body, even producing, damages waterproof sheet, also only produce and the contacting of water in impaired position.Owing to this reason,, just can not leak as long as do not develop at second crackle that applies in the concrete of waterproof sheet failure area.Therefore, significantly reduced and leak and can obtain good waterproof ability.In addition, because water is at the waterproof sheet and second seepage that applies between the cement concrete layer, make the damage and second crackle that applies in the cement concrete layer of the waterproof ability in as a whole tunnel, when using traditional waterproof sheet, also can not leak.In addition, because and second waterproof sheet that applies an integral body of cement concrete layer formation has good follow-up adjustment (follow-up) ability, even and can not produce damage when itself cracking in the tunnel yet, thereby prevented to leak, therefore compare with traditional waterproof constitution method, improved waterproof ability to a great extent.
The example that has adhering waterproof sheet with the second coating cement concrete layer comprises not crosslinked rubber sheet, as isoprene rubber and natural rubber.
Have adhering waterproof sheet with the second coating cement concrete layer and also can comprise antioxidant, ultraviolet radiation absorber and bonding adhesive.
In the present invention, if the second coating cement concrete layer has been the boundary with the knoll, from the insulation effect of increase with the second coating cement concrete layer, hope will have adhering layer and polymer flake lamination with second cement concrete layer.When use and the second coating cement concrete layer have adhering one deck waterproof sheet and with the multilayer flashing thin slice of polymer flake lamination, they are configured to make the first spray cement concrete face side to contact with polymer flake, and second applies cement concrete layer and be set to and second apply cement concrete layer and have adhering waterproof sheet face side.
The example of polymeric sheet materials can comprise high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polypropylene.In these materials,, preferably use high density polyethylene (HDPE) from insulation effect, intensity, crackle follow-up adjustment ability and price.
In the present invention,, reduce these hydraulic pressure that have a large amount of phreatic positions and increase waterproof effect, be provided with and the second coating cement concrete layer can form buffer-water conducting layer before having adhering waterproof sheet in order to improve insulation effect.The example of watertight insulation can comprise a plurality of layers that form by the spray fiber material, and this fibrous matter is as for example polyester fiber and polyacrylic fiber pulpous state supatex fabric and thin slice or irregularly shaped thing.
Can use waterproof constitution method in the bedding portion in tunnel, this waterproof constitution method is preventing that bedding from having shown very high efficiency aspect partly leaking.
Do not have special restriction for waterproof sheet, supatex fabric and irregularly shaped thing are fixed to the lip-deep method of first spray cement concrete, and can use adhesive and rivet.
Being provided with by this way and second applying after cement concrete layer has adhering waterproof sheet, can apply second and apply cement concrete layer and finish this structure.
Example
Below we will be base description the present invention with the example.
Example 1
Make a U-shaped simulation tunnel, it has the opening of 4m, the height of 3.5m and the length of 3m.Suppose that knoll surface in tunnel is irregular in simulation tunnel, and with suitable interval 15 width are set and are 15cm, highly are that 20cm, length are the concrete block of 20cm, to form irregular surface.
With rapid-curing cutback plaster as first spraying grey mud layer and the spraying, so that this rapid-curing cutback plaster reaches 10cm is thick.
After spraying, (made by U.S. Grace Construction Products company, the trade mark is Preprufe 300 will to have adhering multilayer flashing thin slice with the second coating layer of concrete by rivet; The pair of lamina thin slice comprises two-layer, and one deck has adhesiveness to concrete, and one is polyethylene layer; 2.7mm thick) be fixed on the first spraying plaster laminar surface.Afterwards, applying layer of concrete with second, to be coated to 30cm thick.In order to simulate the damage of multilayer flashing thin slice, in its part, make otch.
Form second apply layer of concrete 28 days after, cut out a test sample book by boring, and check itself and concrete adhesiveness.Second applies layer of concrete and waterproof sheet is in and well contacts and become as a whole.Second applies the peel strength of layer of concrete and waterproof sheet greater than 0.9N/mm.
The integraty that applies layer of concrete in incision tract neutralization second also keeps finely, and concrete otch is the linear profile shape less than 2mm.Apply the static hydraulic pressure of 60m in the groove between first gunning concrete and multilayer flashing thin slice.But water can not enter in the multilayer flashing thin slice and second groove that applies between the layer of concrete, demonstrates the excellent waterproof ability.
Because the multilayer flashing thin slice that uses has adhesiveness, only, the multilayer flashing thin slice is bonded to each other by the end of multilayer flashing thin slice is stacked on top of each other.For this reason, its construction ability is fabulous, and the adhesive strength that can obtain overlapping part is this ideal value of 1.7N/mm.
For the crackle in the simulation tunnel, apply layer of concrete to second and exert pressure and make crackle.In the multilayer flashing thin slice, do not note abnormalities.
Be the method for testing of various physical characteristics below.
With concrete adhesion strength: according to ASTM D 903 (90 degree peel strength).The adhesion strength of overlapping part: according to ASTM D 1876 (determining in the situation of stacked multilayer flashing thin slice).
Example 2
Same program in execution and the example 1, different is employed and second apply layer of concrete to have adhering multilayer flashing thin slice be that the trade mark is product (the isoprene rubber waterproof sheet of " Santacker Sheet ", the supatex fabric product that liner is arranged is made by HayakawaRubber company).
Form second apply layer of concrete 28 days after, cut out a test sample book by boring, and check itself and concrete adhesiveness.Second applies concrete and waterproof sheet is in and well contacts and become as a whole.
But, the end of multilayer flashing thin slice coupled together want difficulty in the ratio 1, and also difficulty a bit of workability.
Comparative Examples 1
Same program in execution and the example 1, different is to use the waterproof sheet of being made by EVA (itself and the second coating layer of concrete do not have adhesiveness) to replace having adhering multilayer flashing thin slice with the second coating layer of concrete.
In the groove between the first gunning concrete layer and multilayer flashing thin slice, apply the pressure that is equivalent to the static hydraulic pressure of 30m, from wherein supposing have the crackle of damage to find, big water gaging enters in the multilayer flashing thin slice and second groove that applies between the layer of concrete, and does not reach the performance of waterproof sheet.
The invention effect
The application of the invention with second apply cement concrete layer to have adhering waterproof thin Sheet makes second to apply cement concrete layer and integral body of waterproof sheet formation, even waterproof sheet A part damage is arranged, water can not enter waterproof sheet and second yet and apply between the concrete layer In the groove, guarantee to have good waterproof ability.
In addition, the crackle follow-up adjustment ability of waterproof sheet of the present invention is good, even second applies Crack Extension in the cement concrete layer, waterproof sheet can not damage yet, and guarantee to have good Waterproof ability. Even the very big and waterproof sheet of crack width decreases under any cas fortuit Bad, because the other parts of waterproof sheet and the second coating cement concrete layer are as a whole, Water can seepage not enter in waterproof sheet and second groove that applies between the concrete layer yet; Cause This, industrial use is very big.
Claims (3)
1. tunnel waterproofing method, it is characterized in that, first spray cement concrete is sprayed to tunnel excavation surface, to have adhering waterproof sheet with the second coating cement concrete layer afterwards and be set on the described first spray cement concrete surface, and the second coating cement concrete layer will be formed on the described waterproof sheet surface.
2. tunnel waterproofing method, it is characterized in that, first spray cement concrete is sprayed to tunnel excavation surface, afterwards buffer-water conducting layer is formed on the described first spray cement concrete surface, and will with second apply cement concrete layer and have adhering waterproof sheet and be set on described second spray cement concrete, and apply cement concrete layer with second and be formed on the described waterproof sheet surface.
3. as claim 1 and 2 described a kind of tunnel waterproofing methods, its feature is that also this waterproof sheet is the multilayer flashing thin slice, and it has with the second set coating cement concrete layer adhering one deck is arranged.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP175769/00 | 2000-06-12 | ||
| JP2000175769A JP2001355398A (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2000-06-12 | Tunnel waterproof method |
| JP175769/2000 | 2000-06-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1524159A true CN1524159A (en) | 2004-08-25 |
| CN1328475C CN1328475C (en) | 2007-07-25 |
Family
ID=18677597
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB018140092A Expired - Lifetime CN1328475C (en) | 2000-06-12 | 2001-06-05 | Tunnel waterproofing method |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1290312B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001355398A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100783985B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1328475C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE336641T1 (en) |
| AU (2) | AU6819601A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2411273C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60122322T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2269425T3 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1050560A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001096709A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100516464C (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-07-22 | 四川省交通厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Tunnel support structure |
| CN101614129B (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-07-27 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Construction method of tunnel waterproof and water drainage system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014112159A1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-03 | Köster Bauchemie AG | Process for producing water-sealed surfaces from cement-based materials |
| CN113309109B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-07-15 | 广西壮族自治区地质环境监测站 | Construction method for quickly blocking water and reinforcing near pit wall of deep foundation pit in loose soil layer |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH499690A (en) * | 1967-03-22 | 1970-11-30 | Seborova Anna | Lining for buildings, in particular mining buildings |
| AT318862B (en) * | 1971-05-28 | 1974-11-25 | Sika Ag | Method for sealing the walls of engineering structures made of concrete |
| DE2819230A1 (en) * | 1978-05-02 | 1979-11-08 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | PROCEDURE FOR FILLING IN CAVITIES BETWEEN MOUNTAINS AND EXTENSION WHEN DRIVING ROADS IN MINING OPERATIONS |
| US4415751A (en) * | 1981-03-27 | 1983-11-15 | Eli Lilly And Company | Process for preparing phenylalkanoic acids |
| FI823889A0 (en) * | 1981-11-25 | 1982-11-12 | Mc Bauchemie Myller Gmbh & Co | FOERFARANDE FOER TAETNING OCH STABILISERING AV BYGGNADER OCH BYGGNADSDELAR SAMT MATERIAL FOER GENOMFOERANDE AV DETTA |
| FI69503C (en) * | 1984-03-13 | 1986-02-10 | Neste Oy | YTBELAGD BERGSBEHAOLLARE ELLER TUNNEL |
| ES8507218A1 (en) * | 1984-11-16 | 1985-08-16 | Gordun Burillo Fernando | Method of waterproofing surfaces such as tunnels, canals and mines. |
| DE3519319A1 (en) * | 1985-05-30 | 1986-12-04 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | VARIABLE VALVE CONTROL FOR A PISTON PISTON COMBUSTION ENGINE |
| JPS6228478A (en) * | 1985-07-25 | 1987-02-06 | Mitsuboshi Belting Ltd | Water-proofing sheet having pressure-sensitive adhesive layer |
| CN1017366B (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1992-07-08 | 铁道部山海关桥梁工厂 | Construction technology of preventing and controlling seepage in buildings |
| JPH03180699A (en) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-08-06 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Spring water processing material |
| CH688135A5 (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1997-05-30 | Pierre Andre Follonier | Sealing for concrete works |
| GB2302153B (en) * | 1995-06-12 | 1999-10-20 | Wrc Plc | Pipeline renovation |
| GB2308848A (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 1997-07-09 | Grace W R & Co | Waterproofing materials |
| EP0725185A1 (en) * | 1996-01-08 | 1996-08-07 | Roland F. Wolfseher | Lining tunnels and method for its attachment |
| CN1154436A (en) * | 1996-01-12 | 1997-07-16 | 北京市地下铁道建设公司 | Method for making water-proof layer in tunnel |
| GB9625163D0 (en) * | 1996-12-04 | 1997-01-22 | Sandoz Ltd | Organic compounds |
| ATE253172T1 (en) * | 1997-08-15 | 2003-11-15 | Koester Bauchemie Gmbh | METHOD FOR SEALING UNDERGROUND CAVITIES AGAINST WATER ENTRY |
| GB9815685D0 (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 1998-09-16 | Mbt Holding Ag | Waterproofer |
| CN2372127Y (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2000-04-05 | 周海东 | Tunnel sticking cloth rubber gas isolating board |
-
2000
- 2000-06-12 JP JP2000175769A patent/JP2001355398A/en active Pending
-
2001
- 2001-06-05 DE DE60122322T patent/DE60122322T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-05 EP EP01946109A patent/EP1290312B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-05 WO PCT/US2001/018239 patent/WO2001096709A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-06-05 AU AU6819601A patent/AU6819601A/en active Pending
- 2001-06-05 AT AT01946109T patent/ATE336641T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-06-05 KR KR1020027016943A patent/KR100783985B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-06-05 ES ES01946109T patent/ES2269425T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-05 AU AU2001268196A patent/AU2001268196B8/en not_active Expired
- 2001-06-05 CN CNB018140092A patent/CN1328475C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-05 CA CA002411273A patent/CA2411273C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-04-16 HK HK03102752A patent/HK1050560A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100516464C (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-07-22 | 四川省交通厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Tunnel support structure |
| CN101614129B (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-07-27 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Construction method of tunnel waterproof and water drainage system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2411273A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
| HK1050560A1 (en) | 2003-06-27 |
| EP1290312A1 (en) | 2003-03-12 |
| DE60122322D1 (en) | 2006-09-28 |
| DE60122322T2 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
| KR100783985B1 (en) | 2007-12-11 |
| KR20030014710A (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| ES2269425T3 (en) | 2007-04-01 |
| CA2411273C (en) | 2009-02-03 |
| EP1290312A4 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
| EP1290312B1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| WO2001096709A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
| AU2001268196B2 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
| ATE336641T1 (en) | 2006-09-15 |
| AU2001268196B8 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
| CN1328475C (en) | 2007-07-25 |
| AU6819601A (en) | 2001-12-24 |
| JP2001355398A (en) | 2001-12-26 |
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Legal Events
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|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20160606 Address after: Massachusetts, USA Patentee after: GCP Application Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: American Maryland Patentee before: W. R. Grace & Co. |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20070725 |