KR101994773B1 - Waterproofing layer having shingles for protecting leakage by crack of concrete structure - Google Patents

Abstract

A waterproof layer including a shingle for preventing leakage due to cracks in a concrete structure which acquires a sufficient bonding force between a waterproof material and a shingle and provides a buffering effect to prevent damage to the shingle. The waterproof layer includes a plurality of shingles disposed on a concrete structure, a reinforcing fabric covering each of the plurality of shingles and not overlapping each other with a gap, one side bonded to the shingle, And a coating material disposed on the backing fabric and partially engaging with the backing fabric to penetrate into the gap of the backing fabric.

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to a waterproof layer including shingles for preventing water leakage due to cracks in a concrete structure,

The present invention relates to a waterproof layer of a concrete structure, and more particularly, to a waterproof layer including a shingle for preventing water leakage due to a crack of a concrete structure and preventing deterioration of the structure due to leakage.

Shingle is the roof finishing material of the building, mainly asphalt shingle. Asphalt shingles are usually made by saturating asphalt on a base material made of glass fiber or paper mat, and spraying stone powder on the saturated surface. The stone powder has various functions such as protecting the shingle from ultraviolet rays, giving a three-dimensional feeling and a color. Shingle is cheap and waterproof. Shingle is lightweight and easy to cut and bend, making construction easy. The shingle is about 1/5 of the weight of the tile, so it does not exert a load on the building. In addition, the material of the shingle is light and flexible, so it can withstand the impact caused by earthquake or strong winds if it does not defy construction.

Conventionally, a waterproofing material and a waterproofing method for applying the gap between the exposed surface of the shingles and the shingles at the same time have been used. Japanese Patent No. 10-0896239 and Japanese Patent No. 10-1520738 disclose a waterproofing method including a hydrophilic waterproofing material and mortar. However, since the waterproofing material is directly bonded to the shingles, it is difficult to obtain a desired bonding force. There is no buffering effect between the shingle and the waterproofing material, and shrinkage easily occurs due to external impact such as wind.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a waterproof layer including a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in a concrete structure that obtains a sufficient bonding force between a waterproof material and a shingle and provides a buffering effect to prevent breakage of a shingle .

In order to solve the problems of the present invention, a waterproof layer including a shingle for preventing water leakage due to cracks of a concrete structure covers each of a plurality of shingles and a plurality of shingles disposed on a concrete structure, The branch includes reinforcing fabrics. A fabric adhesive layer having one side bonded to the shingle and the other side partially fused to the gap of the reinforcing fabric to engage the reinforcing fabric and a portion of the fabric adhesive layer disposed on the reinforcing fabric, And a coating material that couples to the reinforcing fabric.

In the waterproof layer of the present invention, the clearance may be formed by irregularities or nappy. The reinforcing fabric may be coated with an organosilicon compound layer in which an organic siloxane as a source gas is hydrophilized by an atmospheric pressure plasma. The organosiloxane source gas is any one selected from tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDSO), hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (HMCTSO). The organosiloxane source gas is hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (HMCTSO). The organosilicon compound is SiOxCy (-H) (1.0 < x < 2.4 and 0.0 < y < 1.0).

In the preferred waterproof layer of the present invention, an adhesion-promoting layer may further be provided between the reinforcing fabric and the organic silicon compound layer. The adhesion-promoting layer may comprise random polypropylene (PP), modified polyolefin (PO) and thermoplastic elastomer. The modified polyolefin is contained in an amount of 5% by weight to 50% by weight with respect to the entirety of the adhesion-assisting layer. The thermoplastic elastomer is a polyolefin-based elastomer. The ratio of the random polypropylene to the elastomer in the adhesion-promoting layer may be 95: 5 to 50:50.

According to the waterproof layer including a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in the concrete structure of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a sufficient bonding force between the waterproof material and the shingle by adding a reinforcing fabric having a gap with irregularities or napping, It prevents shingle breakage and prevents leakage by crack of concrete structure. Further, by coating the hydrophilic treated organosilicon compound on the reinforcing fabric, it is resistant to external environment change and is not torn, and has excellent bonding strength with the hydrophilic waterproofing material. The reinforcing fabric is coated with graft polymerized random polypropylene to further improve the resistance and bonding strength.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first waterproof layer including a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in a concrete structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a photograph showing an example of a reinforcing fabric applied to Fig.
3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second waterproof layer including a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in a concrete structure according to the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a third waterproof layer including a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in a concrete structure according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below can be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. The embodiments of the present invention are provided to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention obtains a sufficient bonding force between the waterproofing material and the shingle by adding a reinforcing fabric having a gap with irregularities or fluff to prevent shrinkage of the shingles by providing a buffering effect and prevents leakage due to cracks in the concrete structure And a waterproof layer including a shingle for providing the waterproof layer. To this end, the reinforcing fabric will be described in detail, and a waterproofing method using the shingles to which the reinforcing fabric is applied will be described in detail. The reinforcing fabric is woven as a loom, and is distinguished from a sheet-like nonwoven fabric in which the fibers are appropriately arranged and bonded to each other by using adhesiveness of the adhesive or the fibers themselves or entanglement of the fibers.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first waterproof layer 100 including a shingle for preventing water leakage due to cracks of a concrete structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a photograph showing an example of a reinforcing fabric applied to Fig.

1 and 2, the first waterproof layer 100 includes a concrete structure 10 such as a roof, a nonwoven fabric 11, a shingle 12, a fabric adhesive layer 13, a reinforcing fabric 14, 15 and a waterproofing material 16 are sequentially laminated. An adhesive material may be used in the process of attaching the nonwoven fabric 11 and the shingles 12. The nonwoven fabric 11 relieves an external impact applied to the shingle 12 and allows the adhesive material to easily adhere to the shingle 12 and the concrete structure 10. At this time, the adhesive material may be a known composition. For example, it may be a resin obtained by appropriately mixing vinyl acetate (EVA), acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic emulsion, etc. with respect to 100 wt% of water. At this time, the adhesive material may be laminated with layers having different viscosities by varying the content of each composition and varying the viscosity. In addition to the above composition, at least one selected from butyl acrylate, phthalic acid ester emulsion, epoxy emulsion, phenol emulsion and polyoxyethylene octiphenyl ether emulsion may be added.

The shingles 12 are roof finishing materials of buildings, and various types of shingles can be applied, but mainly asphalt shingles are used. Asphalt shingles are usually made by saturating asphalt on a base material made of glass fiber or paper mat, and spraying stone powder on the saturated surface. The stone powder has various functions such as protecting the shingle from ultraviolet rays, giving a three-dimensional feeling and a color. Shingle is cheap and waterproof. Shingle is lightweight and easy to cut and bend, making construction easy. The shingle is about 1/5 of the weight of the tile, so it does not exert a load on the building. In addition, the material of the shingle is light and flexible, so it can withstand the impact caused by earthquake or strong winds if it does not defy construction. The shingles applied to the embodiments of the present invention may be applied to other types of shingles in addition to the shingles described above within the scope of the present invention.

 The fabric adhesive layer 13 adheres to the shingles 12 on one side and the reinforcing fabric 14 on the other side. The fabric adhesive layer 13 may have the same composition as the adhesive material, though it is not limited thereto. For example, it may be a resin in which vinyl acetate (EVA), acrylic emulsion, vinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic emulsion, etc. are appropriately mixed with 100 wt% of water. The coating material 15 may be a conventional composition as it is. For example, the ceramic powder may be mixed with the composition constituting the cloth bonding layer 13, or the mortar may be appropriately dispersed. The waterproofing material 16 may also be a known composition. In some cases, a separate adhesive primer layer may be further provided between the coating material 15 and the waterproofing material 16. [

The reinforcing fabric 14 is disposed on each shingle 12. The reinforcing fabric 14 is a velor fabric 14a brushed with fluff or a fabric 14b formed with irregularities, and is a fabric having a gap formed by the irregularities and the fluff. The velor fabric 14a may be a pile fabric, a pile fabric, a woolen cloth, or the like, so that both natural and synthetic fibers are applicable. The fabric adhesive layer 13 and the coating material 15 are not in direct contact with each other by the reinforcing fabric 14. That is, one side of the reinforcing fabric 14 is sandwiched by the cloth adhesive layer 13, and the other side of the reinforcing fabric 14 is sandwiched between the coating material 15 and the gap. If the nonwoven fabric has a portion where the coating material 15 comes into direct contact with the fabric adhesive layer 13, the reinforcing fabric 14 of the present invention is not in contact with the cloth 15 and the fabric adhesive layer 13, Each penetrate into the crevices of the reinforcing fabric 14, and then engage the reinforcing fabric 14.

It is preferred that the reinforcing fabrics 14 do not overlap with each other while forming an interval D. At this time, the intervals D are set within a range in which the objects of the present invention are sufficiently completed to the extent that they do not overlap each other. Preferably, the reinforcing fabrics 14 do not overlap with each other, and the side contact is good. If the reinforcing fabrics 14 are attached independently without overlapping one another, the impact externally applied is not transmitted to the adjacent reinforcing fabric 14. That is, the external impact is absorbed in each reinforcing fabric 14. As a result, damage such as tearing of the reinforcing fabric 14 can be reduced.

On the other hand, when the first waterproof layer 100 is exposed to sunlight, the surface temperature rises to about 60 to 80 캜, which is transferred to the concrete structure 10. The heat transferred to the concrete structure 10 energizes the molecular motion of the air and moisture present in the voids within the concrete structure 10, thereby expanding the volume of the air and moisture. In the case of a roof roof, when the surface temperature rises to 60 캜, the concrete structure 10 rises to about 40 캜. At this time, the pressure generated at the interface between the first waterproof layer 100 and the concrete structure 10 is about 10 kPa. When the temperature is normal after sunset, the pressure is about 1 to 2 kPa. That is, a pressure of less than 10 kPa per day is repeatedly generated.

The pressure thus generated is concentrated at a weak adhesion portion at the interface between the coating material 15 and the shingle 12, causing the coating material 15 to swell. Also, due to the pressure, the vapor pressure generated inside the concrete structure 10 causes swelling of the coating material 15. Further, when water penetrates the interface and water is present on the upper surface of the concrete structure 10, the coating material 15 swells due to the vapor pressure of moisture. The first waterproof layer 100 is formed of a material having weak adhesion at the interface between the coating material 15 and the shingle 12, a vapor pressure inside the concrete structure 10, and a vapor pressure of water existing on the top surface of the concrete. 15) swell.

The reinforcing fabric 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention relieves the swelling of the coating material 15. Specifically, the clearance of the reinforcing fabric 14 is strongly bonded to the coating material 15 by the anker effect. The reinforced bonding force prevents the coating material 15 from swelling. Also, since the surface of the reinforcing fabric 14 has a large specific surface area and increases air permeability, water vapor generated by the vapor pressure is dispersed in the form of fine particles or released to the outside of the first waterproof layer 100 to alleviate the vapor pressure. When the vapor pressure is relaxed, the swelling phenomenon is remarkably reduced. In addition, since the reinforcing fabric 14 serves as a buffer, it absorbs external impacts and prevents the shingle 12 from being broken.

3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a second waterproof layer 200 including a shingle for preventing water leakage due to a crack of a concrete structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. The second waterproof layer 200 is the same as the first waterproof layer 100 except that the reinforcing fabric 14 includes the organosilicon compound layer 17 that is hydrophilized. Accordingly, a detailed description of overlapping portions will be omitted.

Referring to FIG. 3, in the second waterproof layer 200, the organic silicon compound layer 17 is coated on the reinforcing fabric 14, and the organic siloxane as the source gas is formed by hydrophilic treatment with an atmospheric pressure plasma. The atmospheric pressure plasma apparatus is advantageous in that the apparatus is inexpensive, the process temperature is low, and the process can be continuously performed. Specifically, a gas nozzle is disposed between the two metal electrodes to discharge the gas required in the process to the reinforcement fabric 14. At this time, a plasma is formed between the metal electrode and the ground so that the gas discharged through the gas nozzle is converted into a plasma state. The gas used in the present invention is an organosiloxane source gas, a carrier gas for transporting and transporting the source gas, an inert gas for stabilizing the plasma, and an oxidizing gas for generating the oxygen plasma.

The organosilicon compound, which is the organosiloxane that is the source gas, is applied to the surface of the reinforcing fabric 14 via the atmospheric pressure plasma device. At this time, the source gas has an appropriate vapor pressure at which a sufficient amount of the compound can be contained in the carrier gas, while using excess heating to volatilize, not reaching the autoignition temperature of the mixture. The organosiloxane source is preferably tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDSO), hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (HMCTSO), of which HMCTSO is C ₆ H ₁₈ O ₃ Si _{3 &lt}; / RTI &gt; chemical structure and has a relatively higher vapor pressure than other materials even at atmospheric pressure.

 The source gas is carried in a well known carrier gas and mixed with an inert gas to stabilize the formation of the plasma and carried to the gas nozzle. The inert gas may be selected from nitrogen gas, argon gas, neon gas, and helium gas. Helium gas is preferable in consideration of the stability of plasma, but nitrogen gas may be used because the hydrophilic effect of the present invention is sufficiently exhibited even when nitrogen gas is used.

Thus, when the organosiloxane gas is subjected to the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, an organosilicon compound is generated. Such an organosilicon compound serves to improve the adhesion between the reinforcing fabric 14 and the hydrophilic coating material 15. Although the thickness of the organic silicon compound layer 17 depends on the characteristics of the reinforcing fabric 14, it is preferably 50 to 2,000 ANGSTROM. The organosilicon compound according to an embodiment of the present invention may be SiOxCy (-H), where 1.0 <x <2.4 and 0.0 <y <1.0. The organosilicon compound SiOxCy (-H) has a water contact angle of about 80.. The surface of the reinforcing fabric 14 coated with the organosilicon compound is then plasma treated with the oxygen plasma produced by the oxidant gas through the atmospheric pressure plasma apparatus. The oxidant gas includes O ₂ , O ₃ , NO, NO ₂ , N ₂ O, N ₂ O ₃ and N ₂ O ₄ . The preferred oxidizing agent is oxygen (O _2). Additional gases such as CO ₂ and N ₂ may be included if desired. A preferred gas mixture is air, or a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen. When the organosilicon compound is subjected to plasma treatment, the contact angle of water is about 20.. Accordingly, when the oxygen plasma treatment is performed, the adhesion to the hydrophilic coating material 15 is greatly improved.

4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a third waterproof layer 300 including a shingle for preventing water leakage due to a crack of a concrete structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. The third waterproof layer 200 is the same as the second waterproof layer 200 except that the adhesion-assisting layer 18 is further included. Accordingly, a detailed description of overlapping portions will be omitted.

4, in the third waterproof sheet 300, the adhesion-assisting layer 18 is located between the reinforcing fabric 14 and the organosilicon compound layer 17. The adhesion-promoting layer 18 increases the rigidity of the reinforcing fabric 14 and enhances the adhesion with the organosilicon compound layer 17. [ Adhesion-assisting layer 18 comprises random polypropylene (PP), modified polyolefin (PO) and thermoplastic elastomer. Here, the random polypropylene (PP) refers to a random copolymer or a terpolymer, and a random terpolymer is preferable. The random copolymer is a random arrangement of two monomers by copolymerizing propylene with ethylene. A random terpolymer is a kind of random copolymer made by polymerizing three monomers of ethylene, propylene and butene-1. The random polypropylene (PP) may be a polypropylene type resin having a melt index (g / 10 min) of 0.3 to 30 and a melting point of 145 占 폚 or higher, preferably 150 占 폚 or higher. As such a resin, a randomly copolymerized resin containing about 0 to 4% by weight of -olefin in propylene can be exemplified.

The modified polyolefin may be an acid-modified polyolefin having excellent adhesive sealing property because it has a polar group. The acid-modified polyolefin is a polyolefin graft-modified with an acid such as maleic anhydride. Examples of the polyolefin which is associated with the modified polyolefin resin include polyethylene and polypropylene. The acid-modified polyolefin may, for example, graft-copolymerize an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as acrylic acid or maleic anhydride with the polyolefin resin. The modified polyolefin resin having a carboxyl group is preferably an ethylene-based ionomer resin having a carboxyl group in the molecule. The ethylene-based ionomer resin is a resin that is cross-linked by a metal ion such as zinc ion, potassium ion, sodium ion, magnesium ion or lithium ion between molecules of an ethylene copolymer such as an ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer or an ethylene acrylic acid copolymer . The modified polyolefin may be added in an amount of 5% by weight to 50% by weight with respect to the entire adhesion-promoting layer 18.

The thermoplastic elastomer is a triblock copolymer having a typical molecular structure, and other multi-type block copolymers, graft copolymers chemically cross-linked by mixing resin and rubber, and ion crosslinked copolymers. The thermoplastic elastomer exhibits a hard, dispersed two-phase structure in which three-dimensional mesh knots are formed on a homogeneous rubber. Depending on the type of hard phase, it is classified into a polystyrene type, a polyolefin type, a polyvinyl chloride type, a polyurethane type, a polyester type, and a polyamide type. In order to show rubber elasticity, it is divided into a freeze phase, a crystalline phase, a hydrogen bond with the crystal phase, and ion bridging depending on the respective hard chain properties. At this time, the polyolefin elastomer is preferable considering the compatibility with the homopolypropylene which is the main component of the intermediate layer.

The polyolefin elastomer has polystyrene or polypropylene as a hard phase, styrene-propylene rubber (EPR) or ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EDPM) as a soft phase. The polyolefin elastomer can be produced by mechanical blending, rubber cross-linking with a resin, vulcanization rubber, micro-dispersed dynamic vulcanization, and the like.

The gel fraction of the thermoplastic elastomer is preferably 20 to 90%. When the gel fraction is less than 20%, the degree of crosslinking is insufficient, and the amount of the elastomer to be melted at the time of heat fusion becomes excessively large. When the gel fraction exceeds 90%, the degree of crosslinking is too large to cause poor adhesion. The adhesion-promoting layer 18 of the present invention preferably contains a random polypropylene and an elastomer in a ratio of 95: 5 to 50:50. When the content of the elastomer is lower than the above ratio, the elastic modulus of the reinforcing fabric 14 is lowered. When the content of the elastomer is larger than the above ratio, the amount of the resin flowing down at the time of heat fusion becomes unnecessarily large. The mixing ratio of the random polypropylene and the thermoplastic elastomer is more preferably 80:20 to 60:40.

The adhesion-promoting layer 18 has a modified polyolefin content of 5 to 50% by weight and a total content of the random polypropylene and the thermoplastic elastomer of 50 to 95% by weight. At this time, the weight ratio of the random polypropylene and the thermoplastic elastomer is 95: 5 to 50:50. When the content of the modified olefin is 5% by weight, the random polypropylene is 47.5 to 90.25% by weight and the thermoplastic elastomer is 4.57 to 47.5% by weight. When the content of the modified olefin is 50% by weight, the random polypropylene is 25 to 47.5% by weight and the thermoplastic elastomer is 2.5 to 25% by weight.

The thermoplastic elastomer has rubber properties at room temperature, but gradually plasticizes at high temperatures to exhibit plastic properties. The thermoplastic elastomer is present in the form of an elastic rubber without cross-linking. In particular, the olefinic thermoplastic elastomer is a material in which an olefinic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene and an olefinic rubber (for example, EDPM or ethylene propylene diene monomer) are combined as a main component. The olefinic thermoplastic elastomer can control the melting point over a wide range of 50 to 120 占 폚 depending on the content of the olefin resin. For example, if the melting point is 121 ° C, the contents of random polypropylene, modified polyolefin and thermoplastic elastomer are adjusted to 76.5, 10 and 13.5% by weight, respectively.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but many variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is possible.

10; Concrete structure 11; Non-woven
12; Shingles 13; Fabric adhesive layer
14; Reinforcing fabric 15; Coat material
16; Waterproof material 17; The organic silicon compound layer
18; Adhesion auxiliary layer
100, 200, 300; The first to third water-

Claims (11)

A plurality of shingles disposed on the concrete structure;
A reinforcing fabric covering each of the plurality of shingles and not overlapping each other and having a gap;
A fabric adhesive layer, one side of which is bonded to the shingle, and the other side of which is dug into a gap of the reinforcing fabric to engage with the reinforcing fabric; And
And a coating material disposed on the reinforcing fabric, wherein the coating material partially fits into the gap of the reinforcing fabric to engage with the reinforcing fabric,
Wherein the reinforcing fabric is coated with an organosilicon compound layer in which an organosiloxane, which is a source gas, is hydrophilized by atmospheric pressure plasma. The waterproof layer includes a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in a concrete structure. The waterproof layer according to claim 1, wherein the clearance is formed by irregularities or fluffs. The waterproof layer includes a shingle for preventing water leakage due to cracks in the concrete structure. delete The method of claim 1 wherein the organosiloxane source gas is any one selected from tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDSO), hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (HMCTSO) A waterproof layer comprising a shingle to prevent leakage of cracks in a concrete structure. delete 2. The concrete structure according to claim 1, wherein the organosilicon compound is SiOxCy (-H) (1.0 <x <2.4 and 0.0 <y <1.0) . The waterproof layer according to claim 1, further comprising an adhesion assisting layer between the reinforcing fabric and the organosilicon compound layer. The waterproof layer includes a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in the concrete structure. The method of claim 7, wherein the adhesion-promoting layer comprises random polypropylene (PP), a modified polyolefin (PO), and a thermoplastic elastomer. A shingle for preventing cracking of the concrete structure Contains a waterproof layer. The waterproof layer according to claim 8, wherein the modified polyolefin is contained in an amount of 5% by weight to 50% by weight with respect to the entire adhesion-promoting layer. The waterproof layer includes a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in a concrete structure. The waterproof layer according to claim 8, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is a polyolefin elastomer. The waterproof layer includes a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in a concrete structure. The waterproof layer according to claim 7, wherein the ratio of the random polypropylene to the elastomer in the adhesion-promoting layer is 95: 5 to 50:50. The waterproof layer includes a shingle for preventing leakage of cracks in the concrete structure.

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