CN100516464C - Tunnel support structure - Google Patents
Tunnel support structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN100516464C CN100516464C CNB2006100210908A CN200610021090A CN100516464C CN 100516464 C CN100516464 C CN 100516464C CN B2006100210908 A CNB2006100210908 A CN B2006100210908A CN 200610021090 A CN200610021090 A CN 200610021090A CN 100516464 C CN100516464 C CN 100516464C
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- tunnel
- waterproofing course
- support structure
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- secondary lining
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of tunnel support structure, and aims at providing tunnel support structure with raised integral bearing capacity, simple construction and excellent maintainability. The tunnel support structure includes a sprayed concrete layer combined to tunnel wall rock as the initial support; and a secondary laid and molded concrete layer combined with the inner wall of the sprayed concrete layer as the initial support. The present invention has the advantages of raised integral bearing capacity, simple construction, low cost, excellent maintainability, simple operation and capacity of ensuring the integral durability of the tunnel structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to highway, railway tunnel, particularly the supporting and protection structure in tunnel.
Background technology
Need country rock to be carried out supporting behind highway, the railway tunnel excavation, at present, mainly contain following two kinds of forms in the Tunnel Design and the supporting and protection structure that is generally adopted of constructing by supporting and protection structure:
One, adopt New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) to carry out highway, the railway tunnel of design and construction, its combined type supporting and protection structure is made up of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer, waterproofing course, secondary lining form concrete layer from outside to inside, highway tunnel sometimes also need be at secondary lining form concrete layer with the interior fireprotection layer that is provided with, and railway tunnel then is not provided with fireprotection layer usually.This combined type supporting and protection structure has obtained extensive use in recent decades on railway and highway tunnel.Domestic part highway and the railway tunnel that designs and construct by this combined type supporting and protection structure tunnel seepage, lining cutting cracking etc. have all occurred soon to some extent building up operation, and these problems are more or less all relevant with the feature of combined type supporting and protection structure.Its shortcoming is mainly reflected in following aspect: 1. waterproofing course adopts the synthetic high polymer coiled material usually, use at present more polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PUR (EVA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE) coiled material etc. of mainly containing on the engineering, these materials are easily aging usually, the durability of its normal working life and Tunnel Second Lining form concrete layer exists than big-difference, causes the overall durability of tunnel support structure not reach design life; 2. determined preliminary bracing shotcrete layer planeness to be difficult to control by form of construction work, or because thin projectionss such as anchor pole head and other members exist, cause laying waterproofing course basal plane situation relatively poor, these projections easily cause damage to waterproofing course itself, in addition because construction reason, the waterproofing course coiled material connect quality and the effect that batch technology is difficult to guarantee weld seam, these factors all easily stay the hidden danger of leaking; 3. in a single day seepage takes place in supporting and protection structure, and leakage point is difficult to find out, brings very big difficulty to structure repair.
Two, adopt Norwegian law (NMT) to carry out the tunnel of design and construction, generally adopt individual layer supporting and protection structure, obtained extensive use in states such as Norway.This individual layer supporting and protection structure mainly adopts high performance jetting concrete (HPS) material, carries out repeatedly multiple spray and form behind tunnel excavation.Because the high performance jetting concrete has higher capacity, compactness and impermeability, thereby generally waterproofing course is not set all.But this liner structure also has following shortcoming: 1. the high performance jetting concrete material costs an arm and a leg, and its price is about 1.5 times of common sprayed mortar, is 4～5 times of general form concrete; 2. the high performance jetting concrete is compared with form concrete, and planeness is relatively poor, has increased the tunnel ventilation resistance, influences ventilation effect.Therefore, this supporting and protection structure has considerable influence to ventilation effect, the higher super long tunnel of air-conditioning requirement especially, the increase that must bring ventilation equipment investment, energy consumption and operation cost.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of tunnel support structure, and it can not only improve the integrated carrying ability of supporting and protection structure, and construction technology is easy, has good maintenanceability.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: tunnel support structure of the present invention, and it comprises: a. preliminary bracing shotcrete layer combines with tunnel surrounding; B. secondary lining form concrete layer combines with the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer, also is provided with waterproofing course on the inwall of described secondary lining form concrete layer; Described waterproofing course is located on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer from wall hanging by installation component.
After taking abovementioned technology, because supporting shotcrete layer and secondary lining form concrete interlayer are not provided with waterproofing course in the early stage, the rough preliminary bracing shotcrete layer of inwall can be combined closely with secondary lining form concrete layer, common can genetic horizon after stressed between the changing of the relative positions, therefore can improve the integrated carrying ability of liner structure.Compare with existing combined type supporting and protection structure, supporting and protection structure of the present invention can reduce lining thickness possessing under the condition of equal degree of safety, and construction technology is easy, thereby can reduce the tunnel construction cost effectively.Secondary lining has applied and has finished during follow-up construction, and tunnel structure itself has possessed enough degrees of safety, so working security is improved.
On the basis of technique scheme,, can on the inwall of described secondary lining form concrete layer, waterproofing course be set for satisfying the requirement of highway, railway tunnel to water resistance.Because before mating formation or hanging the installation waterproofing course, can fully check the quality that applies from waterproof ability and exposure waterproof construction joint of secondary lining form concrete layer, if pinpoint the problems and can in time repair, therefore tunnel support structure of the present invention has good maintenanceability.Even the tunnel has produced seepage in operation, leakage point is also very clear and definite, easily it is carried out the part and repairs, and reaches design life with the overall durability of guaranteeing tunnel support structure.The waterproofing course inwall is smooth, in the formed tunnel empty surfacing attractive in appearance, the tunnel ventilation resistance is little, ventilation effect is good, helps reducing ventilation equipment investments and energy consumption, reduces operation cost.
In technique scheme, described waterproofing course can adherently be paved on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer, also can be located on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer from wall hanging by installation component.
As improvement of the technical scheme, for satisfying the requirement of highway tunnel, and reduce construction sequence and reduce the constructing tunnel cost waterproof and fireproof performance, described waterproofing course is the waterproof fireproofing composite bed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the integrated carrying ability of tunnel support structure strengthens, and can reduce lining thickness, and construction technology is easy, thereby can reduces the tunnel construction cost effectively; When waterproofing course produces aging maybe can not satisfy waterproof requirement the time, can be easier to find leakage point, can in time change or it is carried out the part repair, therefore has good maintenanceability, and can not exert an influence to bearing structure, easy and simple to handle, can guarantee effectively that the tunnel structure overall durability reaches design life.
Description of drawings
This manual comprises following three width of cloth accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing highway tunnel recombination formula supporting and protection structure;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of tunnel support structure embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of tunnel support structure embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Component, position and numbering among the figure: preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, waterproofing course 15, secondary lining form concrete layer 20, fireprotection layer 25, installation component 26, waterproofing course 30.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the combined type supporting and protection structure that adopted in the existing highway tunnel.With reference to Fig. 1, existing tunnel lining supporting and protection structure is made up of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, waterproofing course 15, secondary lining form concrete layer 20, fireprotection layer 25.Preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 is formed by the concrete that is injected on the tunnel surrounding.In this combined type supporting and protection structure, preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 does not form with secondary lining form concrete layer 20 and combines closely, the easily changing of the relative positions between the meeting genetic horizon in stressed back, the integrated carrying ability is relatively poor, and the tunnel is prone to tunnel seepage, lining cutting cracking phenomena after building up operation.Waterproofing course 15 is layed on the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, waterproofing course more than 15 adopts the synthetic high polymer coiled material at present, as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PUR (EVA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE) coiled material etc., because these materials are easily aging usually, its normal working life and tunnel form concrete durability exist than big-difference, cause the overall durability of tunnel support structure not reach design life.Because the planeness of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 is difficult to control, or because anchor pole head, outstanding thin projectionss such as member exist, cause the basal plane situation of laying waterproofing course 15 relatively poor, easily waterproofing course 15 itself is caused damage, and waterproofing course 15 coiled materials connect quality and the effect that batch technology is difficult to guarantee weld seam, easily stay the hidden danger of leaking.Obviously, in a single day seepage takes place in this combined type supporting and protection structure, and leakage point is difficult to find out, structure repair is brought very big difficulty.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, tunnel support structure of the present invention comprises:
A. the preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, combine with tunnel surrounding;
B. secondary lining form concrete layer 20 combines with the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10.
Described preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 is formed by the concrete that is injected on the tunnel surrounding equally, so that the tunnel behind the excavation is constituted preliminary bracing.According to wall rock condition, the thickness of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 is generally at 5～30cm.
Described secondary lining form concrete layer 20 combines with the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, builds secondary lining form concrete layer 20 after promptly supporting shotcrete layer 10 forms in the early stage in good time.The thickness of secondary lining form concrete layer 20 is generally at 35～60cm.Because the rough preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 of inwall can combine closely with secondary lining form concrete layer 20, can genetic horizon after common stressed between the changing of the relative positions, therefore can improve the integrated carrying ability of supporting and protection structure.
On the basis of technique scheme,, can on the inwall of described secondary lining form concrete layer 20, waterproofing course 30 be set for satisfying the requirement of highway, railway tunnel to water resistance.Waterproofing course 30 is built-in with respect to secondary lining form concrete layer 20, and construction ten sides of waterproofing course 30 are easy.Because the pawnshop is if hang when waterproofing course 30 is installed, secondary lining form concrete layer 20 has applied and has finished, and tunnel structure itself has possessed enough degrees of safety, therefore can improve waterproofing course 30 safety of construction.Because secondary lining form concrete layer 20 inwall are smooth, it is attractive in appearance to lay or hang in the formed tunnels, waterproofing course 30 backs empty surfacing, and the tunnel ventilation resistance is little, and ventilation effect is good, helps reducing ventilation equipment investment and energy consumption, the minimizing operation cost.In addition, waterproofing course 30 has good maintenanceability, before mating formation or hanging installation waterproofing course 30, can fully check the quality that applies from waterproof ability and exposure waterproof construction joint of secondary lining form concrete layer 20, if pinpoint the problems and in time to repair, even the tunnel has produced seepage in operation, also find leakage point easily, and secondary lining form concrete layer 20 or waterproofing course 30 are carried out the part reparation.
For satisfying the requirement of highway tunnel to waterproof and fireproof performance, and reduce construction sequence and reduce the constructing tunnel cost, described waterproofing course 30 is the waterproof fireproofing composite bed.Described waterproofing course 30 can preferably adopt the waterproof fireproofing composite material to make, and promptly waterproofing course 30 is made by the composite material with waterproof and fireproof performance, perhaps with waterproofing course and fireprotection layer compound be one, also can be on waterproofing course 30 inwalls sprayed fire proofing coating.
The set-up mode of described waterproofing course 30 can adopt following dual mode usually: with reference to Fig. 2, waterproofing course 30 is adherent to be paved on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer 20; With reference to Fig. 3, waterproofing course 30 is located at from wall hanging on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer 20 by installation component 26, and generally speaking, waterproofing course 30 is apart from secondary lining form concrete layer 20 inwall 2～10cm.
It is pointed out that some principles of the top described tunnel support structure of the present invention that just explains through diagrams.Because the those of ordinary skill to constructed field is easy to carry out on this basis some modifications and change, therefore this manual be not be tunnel support structure of the present invention to be confined to shown in and in the described concrete structure and the scope of application, so every the corresponding modify and equivalent that might be utilized all belongs to the claim that patent of the present invention is applied for.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of tunnel support structure, it comprises:
A. preliminary bracing shotcrete layer (10) combines with tunnel surrounding;
B. secondary lining form concrete layer (20) combines with the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer (10), also is provided with waterproofing course (30) on the inwall of described secondary lining form concrete layer (20);
It is characterized in that described waterproofing course (30) is located on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer (20) from wall hanging by installation component (26).
2, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described waterproofing course (30) is the waterproof fireproofing composite bed.
3, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described waterproofing course (30) is apart from secondary lining form concrete layer (20) inwall 2～10cm.
4, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer (10) is 5～30cm.
5, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness 35～60cm of described secondary lining form concrete layer (20).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100210908A CN100516464C (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2006-06-02 | Tunnel support structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100210908A CN100516464C (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2006-06-02 | Tunnel support structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1858403A CN1858403A (en) | 2006-11-08 |
| CN100516464C true CN100516464C (en) | 2009-07-22 |
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| CNB2006100210908A Expired - Fee Related CN100516464C (en) | 2006-06-02 | 2006-06-02 | Tunnel support structure |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101922300B (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-05-30 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Large supporting and protecting system of tunnel in hollow solution cavity |
| CN102507348B (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-08-07 | 宁波交通工程建设集团有限公司 | Test method for bearing capacity of secondary lining concrete structure of tunnel |
| CN102866070B (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2014-07-30 | 浙江交建路桥工程有限公司 | Loading method for bearing strength test for secondary lining concrete structure of tunnel |
| CN107237638A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-10 | 厦门理工学院 | Both wired concealed tunneling structure and its construction method are worn under a kind of |
| CN109139043B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2024-05-28 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Synchronous lining device and method suitable for sewage tunnel |
| CN110792451B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-01-22 | 江苏融鼎建筑科技有限公司 | Polymorphic type subway tunnel arched wall based on heat-reducing flame-retardant |
| CN115478869B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2024-05-17 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Tunnel intersection structure and construction method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2303394A (en) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-02-19 | Miller Civil Engineering Limit | Tunnelling methods |
| US6767164B2 (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2004-07-27 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Tunnel waterproofing construction method |
| CN1524159A (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2004-08-25 | Tunnel waterproofing method | |
| CN1696474A (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-11-16 | 长安大学 | Frost protection and heat insulator in use for preventing freezing damage in tunnels in cold area |
| CN1710252A (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2005-12-21 | 水利部交通部电力工业部南京水利科学研究院 | Composite lining suitable for surrounding rock after-deformation |
| CN2921279Y (en) * | 2006-06-03 | 2007-07-11 | 四川省交通厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Tunnel support structure |
-
2006
- 2006-06-02 CN CNB2006100210908A patent/CN100516464C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2303394A (en) * | 1995-07-19 | 1997-02-19 | Miller Civil Engineering Limit | Tunnelling methods |
| US6767164B2 (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2004-07-27 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Tunnel waterproofing construction method |
| CN1524159A (en) * | 2000-06-12 | 2004-08-25 | Tunnel waterproofing method | |
| CN1696474A (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-11-16 | 长安大学 | Frost protection and heat insulator in use for preventing freezing damage in tunnels in cold area |
| CN1710252A (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2005-12-21 | 水利部交通部电力工业部南京水利科学研究院 | Composite lining suitable for surrounding rock after-deformation |
| CN2921279Y (en) * | 2006-06-03 | 2007-07-11 | 四川省交通厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Tunnel support structure |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| Ⅲ类围岩全断面开挖隧道喷砼最小厚度初探. 张延.地下空间，第20卷第3期. 2000 |
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| CN1858403A (en) | 2006-11-08 |
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Granted publication date: 20090722 Termination date: 20110602 |