CN1513735A - 特别适用于软包装的可撕开的塑料膜 - Google Patents

特别适用于软包装的可撕开的塑料膜 Download PDF

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CN1513735A
CN1513735A CNA2003101207449A CN200310120744A CN1513735A CN 1513735 A CN1513735 A CN 1513735A CN A2003101207449 A CNA2003101207449 A CN A2003101207449A CN 200310120744 A CN200310120744 A CN 200310120744A CN 1513735 A CN1513735 A CN 1513735A
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film
plastic
inorganic material
plastic film
flexible packaging
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Ca
C·A·扎吉亚
�յ����
M·拉哉帝
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Amcor Flexibles Italia SRL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/335—Multiple annular extrusion nozzles in coaxial arrangement, e.g. for making multi-layered tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
    • B29C48/10—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels flexible, e.g. blown foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/16—Fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种特别适用于软包装的、塑料材料制成的可撕开的膜，它包括用平模或吹塑膜技术挤压出的塑料聚合物，该塑料聚合物添加了1至50％重量的、粉末形式的无机材料。

Description

特别适用于软包装的可撕开的塑料膜
技术领域
本发明涉及特别适用于软包装的可撕开的塑料膜。
背景技术
在软包装中、特别是在被称为固有稳定的包装或直立包装中，易撕裂性是一个十分重要的特性，这种包装能替代罐头并必须既有足够的刚度又能容易地开启。
如所周知的，人们越来越需要用于开袋即食或在微波炉中加热的预先烹调食品的包装。
为了保证这些食品的保存，通常需要在包装后对它们进行灭菌(通常使用蒸汽)。
对于这样的应用，易于打开的软包装是尤为适合的，并且易撕裂性是一个人们所追求的特性。
此外，如果可能的话，必须对撕开的形式加以控制，即应该可定向扩展。
易撕裂性取决于塑料材料的结晶度以及晶体的排布，目前，这是随各塑料材料的物理和化学特性、以及在软包装中用来产生塑料膜的工艺参数而变的。
易撕裂性是一个对挤压速度和冷却方式敏感的特性。
实际上，如果使用一铸造机，通过降低挤压速度和/或减小冷冲击(coolingshock)(通过增加挤压机与冷硬轧辊之间的距离)，可有利于结晶，从而增加易撕裂性。
但这意味着工艺过程变慢，而且由于所导致的成本上升，从而负面地影响产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种特别适用于软包装的塑料膜，该塑料膜由于其化学和物理特性而具有可撕开的特性，而与其生产过程的方法和参数无关。
在该目标之下，本发明的一个目的是使生产时间缩短并降低产品的成本。
本发明的还有一个目的是提供一种用于软包装的塑料膜，它的易撕裂性不会影响热密封性和灭菌性的特性。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种特别适用于软包装的可撕开的、用塑料材料制成的膜，同时增加这种膜的刚度。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种特别适用于软包装的可撕开的塑料膜，它与已知的可撕开膜相比其成本具有竞争力。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种特别适用于软包装的可撕开的塑料膜，它可以用传统的挤压机和设备获得。
在下文中将变得更为清楚的该目的和这些以及其它目的通过一种特别适用于软包装的可撕开的塑料膜来实现，它的特点是，包括一用平模或吹塑膜技术挤压出的塑料聚合物，该塑料聚合物接受添加1至50％重量的粉末形式的无机材料。
从下文对其一实施例的、以非限制性例子的方式描述的详细描述中，本发明的其它特征和优点将变得更加清楚。
具体实施方式
一种特别适用于软包装的、可撕开的塑料膜包括诸如聚丙烯或聚乙烯之类的塑料聚合物，并添加1至50％重量的滑石或者其它无机材料，如碳酸钙或高岭土之类。
事实上，实验证明在塑料材料的生产中使用包含滑石或者诸如碳酸钙或高岭土之类的其它无机材料物质的填料，有促进它们结晶的效果，能在冷却过程中，当聚合物从熔化状态转到固定状态时用作成核剂。
通过向聚合树脂添加上述的无机物质，在挤压步骤中获得两相的十分好的混合：在后续的冷却步骤中，聚合物开始在无机颗粒的周围结晶。
同时，还促进了薄片状晶体结构重新排布成较大的球粒状核。
与许多在塑料材料中可引起的机械扰动一样，在材料填有无机物质的情况下，撕开可在球晶和非晶体相之间界面处扩展；较高的结晶度产生更佳的易撕裂性。
实验表明，在随材料和工艺参数而变的任何情况下，约或大致3-5％重量的无机材料量是较佳的。
相对于标准的膜(用同样的工艺生产，但不添加无机填料)，在蒸汽灭菌之前和之后该膜在易撕裂性方面都有显著的改进，如下表所示，并且该特性对于所确定的填料量基本具有呈直线的扩展。
下表列出了在对厚度为70微米且不添加填料生产的标准薄膜A以及厚度分别为70和60微米、添加了3％滑石填料生产的两种薄膜B和C所进行的实验结果，其中：
MD＝在机器(挤压机)中薄膜的前进方向
TD＝与机器垂直的方向
试样   厚度(微米) 填料量               灭菌前                灭菌后
  刚度毫牛   撕开力牛     撕开偏差％   刚度毫牛     撕开力牛     撕开偏差％
A 70 无   MD：280TD：250 8.3 12.6  MD：205TD：195 12.7 10.2
B 70   3％滑石   MD：318TD：286 5 4.8  MD：290TD：275 2 1.4
C 60   3％滑石   MD：244TD：216 1.6 1.6  MD：290TD：275 2 2.4
此外，所获得的撕开类型是受控制的，这是因为撕口扩展得更好了，它可沿一预定的方向定向，以利于使用者的通常需求使用可撕开的膜(诸如例如在预先烹调的食物的情况中)，以简单、整齐地打开包装袋并在倒出所容纳的东西时易于手工操作。
适当地平衡成核剂(所述的无机物质)的量能实现优化的晶体尺寸，这增强了易撕裂性，并且由于晶体的规则性以及尤其是“非晶体”区域的减少，还改善了通过挤压所获得的在膜中的撕开扩展的定向性。
在可用的生产技术中，共挤压被认为是一种优选的方法，因为它允许在内层中隔离所要的成核填料量，防止它们影响到热密封层的热性质或所要耦合的层的表面性质。
例如，在设有三个螺旋进料器的铸造共挤压机中，向三个装料漏斗中进给聚丙烯树脂(均聚物或共聚物)。
在中间的漏斗中向塑料材料添加滑石。
结果是得到一个三层的膜，其中无机填料(因而球晶核)被限制在中间层中，从而被限制在不受为了获得密封的软包装所需的热密封的影响的区域中。
在其它的情况中，可以提供两层的膜，其中无机填料被限制在基本不受热密封影响的层中。
所述的膜适合于与大多数不同的材料层压，如塑料膜(即使是定向和印刷过的)、铝箔以及其它的材料。
与这些附加的膜结合保持和大体增强了该膜的改善的和基本直线形的撕开特性。
实际上，已发现本发明的目标和目的已经达到。
事实上，上述的膜在软包装的专业领域变得极其重要，因为它可以结合许多重要的性质，其中包括易撕裂性和撕口扩展，为了使包装能简单且规则地开口并有利于在倒出内含物的过程中手工操作，这对于诸如所谓直立袋之类的用柔性材料制成的包装是十分重要的。
此外，通过将无机填料所产生的成核效果与产生膜定向的挤压过程结合起来，进一步改善了撕开的线形扩展；可以使用一预切口使撕开发生在某一区域中。
通过提供这种膜，也可以通过获得与生产方法无关的易撕裂性来增加特别是在铸造机中的挤压效率(可无需损害易撕裂性而提高挤压速度)。
此外，在聚丙烯膜的情况中，即使在高压灭菌处理以提供密封的包装之后，也不会影响到可灭菌性。
使用该膜还允许减小厚度但仍保证相同的刚度，因而节约了成本。
在膜的总成本中另一可能的节省是由于无机填料比塑料材料更便宜。
该膜可以在任何挤压生产线上和使用标准技术的任何情况中获得，而无需另外或特别的修改。
不需要追加投资来更新挤压生产线、加工(印刷和层压)机械以及包装机械，且无论如何，总是可以获得特性恒定且可再现的产品，而无需再购买机器和部件(激光装置、机械装置等)。
这样构想的本发明易于有许多的修改和变化形式，所有这些修改和变化形式都在本发明的权利要求范围之内。
所有的细节可进一步由其它技术上等效的要素来替代。
实际上，所采用的材料以及尺寸，只要它们能与所应用的用途相兼容，也可以是根据所需的任何材料以及尺寸。

Claims (7)

1.一种特别适用于软包装的、塑料材料制成的可撕开的膜，其特征在于，它包括用平模或吹塑膜技术挤压出的塑料聚合物，该塑料聚合物接受添加1至50％重量的、粉末形式的无机材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的膜，其特征在于，所述塑料聚合物选自包括聚丙烯和聚乙烯的一组材料。
3.如权利要求1所述的膜，其特征在于，所述无机材料选自包括滑石、碳酸钙以及高岭土的一组材料。
4.如权利要求1所述的膜，其特征在于，所述添加物大致为3-5％的重量。
5.如前述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的膜，其特征在于，它与在用塑料材料和铝箔制成的膜中选择的膜层压在一起。
6.如前述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的膜，其特征在于，它是三层的共挤压膜，其中，无机材料被限制在中间层中。
7.如权利要求1-5中的一项或多项所述的膜，其特征在于，它是两层的共挤压膜，其中，无机材料被限制在该两层中的仅一层中。
CNA2003101207449A 2002-12-05 2003-12-05 特别适用于软包装的可撕开的塑料膜 Pending CN1513735A (zh)

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ITPD2002A000310 2002-12-05
ITPD20020310 ITPD20020310A1 (it) 2002-12-05 2002-12-05 Film lacerabile in materia plastica particolarmente

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IT (1) ITPD20020310A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2003135436A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN104015439A (zh) * 2014-06-05 2014-09-03 成都五牛壮达新材料有限公司 双向易撕cpp薄膜及其制备方法

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