CN1507450A - 新颖的环氮杂磷杂烃 - Google Patents
新颖的环氮杂磷杂烃 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1507450A CN1507450A CNA028094271A CN02809427A CN1507450A CN 1507450 A CN1507450 A CN 1507450A CN A028094271 A CNA028094271 A CN A028094271A CN 02809427 A CN02809427 A CN 02809427A CN 1507450 A CN1507450 A CN 1507450A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydroxyl
- oxo
- azepine
- ethanamide
- compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
提供了新颖的根据式(I)的环氮杂磷杂烃。这些化合物可用作金属蛋白酶抑制剂。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及一类迄今未知的化合物,也就是环氮杂磷杂烃,它表现基质金属蛋白酶抑制作用,还涉及包含所述化合物的药物组合物和所述化合物在药物制造中的用途。
发明背景
基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)是一个含有锌的酶家族,它们能够分解很多细胞外基质中的蛋白质化合物,例如胶原、明胶、纤连蛋白、昆布氨酸和蛋白聚糖核心蛋白。
根据它们的结构域结构和底物优先性,MMP被划分为至少23种[Lauer-Fields,
Exp.Opin.Ther.Patents,10,1873-1884,2000]。MMP可以主要分为四组:胶原酶降解原纤维胶原;溶基质素降解蛋白聚糖和糖蛋白;明胶酶降解非原纤维的与已降解的胶原,即明胶;最后是与膜结合的MMP[O’Brien,
J.Med.Chem.,43,156-166,2000]。MMP共享一种公共的多结构域结构,但是在不同的位点和不同的程度上被糖基化。所有MMP还共享一个公共的锌结合基序HisGluXaaGlyHis,差异包含控制诸如底物特异性、抑制剂结合、基质结合和细胞表面定位等因素的结构域的存在与否。对MMP的命名是简单的,它们被命名为MMP-n,其中n是从1开始的整数。
MMP在正常组织的组织改变中扮演重要的生理角色,例如血管生成、伤口愈合、骨吸收、排卵和胚胎发育。在健康的组织中,MMP的活性受到基因表达、酶以潜在酶原形式的合成和MMP的内源性组织抑制剂(TIMP)的共同表达的谨慎控制。过度调节或调节不足的MMP活性在大量病理性条件中都有牵连,因而为了设计具有MMP抑制剂作用的药物已经付出了巨大努力,这些药物能够用于重新确立对MMP活性的控制。
很多已知的MMP抑制剂是肽衍生物,基于天然存在的氨基酸,并且在结构上类似于天然MMP底物的裂解位点。其他已知的MMP抑制剂具有较少的肽结构,可以归为假肽类或拟肽类,例如磺酰胺。
MMP抑制剂的现有技术有肽结构[WO 95/19965和WO95/19956];直链与环状磺酰胺化合物[WO 97/44315,WO 00/09485和EP 0979 816]和丁酸与戊酸衍生物[WO 97/43237,WO 97/43239和WO 99/61413]。
发明概述
现已惊人地发现,新颖的通式I环氮杂磷杂烃衍生物是有力的MMP抑制剂。
因此,本发明涉及通式I化合物
其中表示为a、b和c的键独立地代表单键或双键;
m和n独立地是0、1、2或3,其条件是m和n不都是0;
X是S或O;
R1是
其中E在存在时代表一条键、亚甲基或亚乙基,可选地被卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、C1-4烷基、卤代烷基、羟基烷基、烷氧基或烷基羰基取代;
s和t独立地是0、1、2或3;
A和A’独立地代表一条键、或者饱和或不饱和的可选被取代的环状或杂环烃二-或三-基;
Y代表一条键、O、S、C(O)NR10、NR10C(O)或NR10,其中R10是氢、羟基、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、硝基、氰基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;
R8代表一条键、氢、链烷二基或链烯二基、一个或多个醚二基(R’-O-R”)或胺二基(R’-N-R”),其中R’和R”独立地代表具有0至3个C的烷基或链烯基;
R9代表氢、羟基、卤素、氰基、硝基、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、氰基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;NR11R12、C(O)NR11R12、C(O)R11R12、CO(O)R11R12、S(O)2R11、其中每个R11和R12独立地代表氢、卤素、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、氰基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;
R2代表异羟肟酸、羧酸、膦酸或巯基甲基;
R3和R4各自独立地代表氢、卤素、氰基、羟基、硝基、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、氰基、硝基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;或者R3和R4与它们所依附的碳原子和连接性氮原子一起构成杂环;
每个R5、R6和R7独立地代表氢、羟基、硝基、氰基、卤素、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、氰基、硝基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;或者R4和R5、R5和R6或R6和R7与它们所依附的碳原子一起构成饱和或不饱和的可选被取代的环或杂环;
及其药学上可接受的盐。
另一方面,本发明涉及药物组合物,包含式I化合物以及药学上可接受的赋形剂。
另一方面,本发明涉及治疗或预防牵涉组织破坏、炎症或增殖性障碍的疾病或病症的方法,包含对需要的患者给以有效量的式I化合物。
另一方面,本发明涉及式I化合物在药物制造中的用途,该药物用于牵涉组织破坏、炎症或增殖性障碍的疾病或病症的治疗或预防。
发明的详细说明
本文所用的术语“卤素”打算表示周期表第七主族成员,即氟、氯、溴和碘。
术语“烷烃”打算表示直链、支链或环状化合物,含有碳和氢,它们是饱和的。该术语包括伯、仲与叔烷烃小类,例如甲烷、乙烷、正丙烷、异丁烷、叔丁烷、环己烷、环戊烷。
术语“烯烃”打算表示直链、支链或环状化合物,含有碳和氢,并具有至少一条双键。该术语包括伯、仲与叔烯烃,例如乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、2-丁烯、3,3-二甲基-1-丁烯、环丙烯、环己烯。
术语“烷基”打算表示一价原子团,通过从任意碳原子上除去一个氢原子而从直链、支链或环状烷烃衍生。该术语包括伯、仲与叔烷基小类,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、异戊基、异己基、环庚基、环己基、环戊基和环丙基。
术语“卤代烷基”打算表示部分或完全卤化的烷基原子团,例如三氟甲基。
术语“羟基烷基”打算表示被一个或多个羟基取代的烷基,例如2-羟基乙基、2-羟基丙基和2,4-二羟基戊基。
术语“烷氧基”打算表示式OR’原子团,其中R’是如上所定义的烷基,例如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基等。
术语“烷氧基羰基”打算表示式-COOR’原子团,其中R’是如上所定义的烷基,例如甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、正丙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基等。
术语“饱和的环状烃”打算表示环状化合物,可选为稠合的二环,含有氢和碳,它们是饱和的,例如环丙烷、环丁烷、环戊烷、环己烷、环庚烷、环辛烷、茚烷和十氢化萘。
术语“不饱和的环状烃”打算表示环状化合物,可选为稠合的二环,含有氢和碳,其中一个或多个碳-碳键是不饱和的,例如环戊烯、环己烯、环己二烯、环庚烯、苯、萘与1,4-二氢化萘、二氢化茚和茚。
术语“杂环烃”打算表示饱和或不饱和的环状化合物,含有氢、碳和一个或多个选自O、S和N的杂原子,例如吡咯、呋喃、噻吩、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、吡唑、吡咯烷、吡啶、嘧啶、四氢噻吩、四氯呋喃、哌啶、哌嗪、磷杂环戊烷、磷杂环己烷和磷杂环庚烷。
术语“一基”、“二基”和“三基”打算表示从中分别已被除去一个、两个或三个氢的部分。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”打算表示使式I化合物与适合的无机或有机酸反应所制备的盐,酸例如盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硫酸、硝酸、乙酸、磷酸、乳酸、马来酸、邻苯二甲酸、柠檬酸、丙酸、苯甲酸、戊二酸、葡糖酸、甲磺酸、水杨酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、甲苯磺酸、氨基磺酸或富马酸。式I化合物的药学上可接受的盐可以通过与适合的碱的反应加以制备,碱例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氨、胺等。
术语“有效量”打算表示为所治疗的患者带来治疗效果所需的量,通常取决于给药途径;患者的年龄、体重、性别、健康和条件;症状的性质和延伸;并行治疗的种类;治疗的频率;和所需的效果。
术语“赋形剂”打算表示所有在药物制剂中不是活性成分的物质,例如载体、粘合剂、润滑剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂、防腐剂、乳化剂、缓冲剂、矫味剂或着色剂。
很多MMP抑制剂的药效基因据文献报道包含两种决定其功能的元素:1)锌结合基团,经常是异羟肟酸、反异羟肟酸、氧合含磷基团(例如次膦酸和膦酰胺,包括氨基膦酸)、羧酸或巯基甲基,它把锌结合在MMP的活性位点上;和2)与接近MMP活性位点的特异性子位点相互作用的基团[O’Bien,
J.Med.Chem,43,156-166,2000;Hajduk,
J.Am.Chem.Soc,119,5818-5827,1997]。众所周知,不同的MMP抑制剂针对已知的MMP表现不同的选择性。MMP的X-射线分析揭示,MMP可以根据S1’子位点或口袋的深度而分为两大亚组,即深的或短的S1’口袋酶。S1’口袋也被称为“选择性口袋”,因为与S1’口袋相互作用的抑制剂部分的大小似乎决定了抑制剂的特异性[Whitaker,
Chem.Rev,99,2735-2776,1999]。已经发现,抑制剂上锌结合基团旁边的大型取代基增强针对深口袋MMP的抑制活性,例如MMP-2、MMP-9和MMP-3,但是以短口袋MMP为代价,例如MMP-1和MMP-7。不过,由于所有MMP共享一种公共的活性位点,所有MMP在一定程度上都会被任何MMP抑制剂所抑制,还没有实现对单一MMP的真正选择性[Brown,
Exp.Opin.Invest.Drugs,9,2167-2177,2000]。
已经开发了很多非常有力的MMP抑制剂,体外试验时的IC50在纳摩尔级。不幸的是,这些化合物显示较差的生物利用度,它们在治疗性处置中几乎没有用处[Brown,
Breast Cancer Res.Treat.,52,125-136,1998]。因此,为开发在MMP抑制、水溶性、口服利用度、药动学特征等之间具有体内MMP抑制剂所需的恰当平衡的化合物仍然是一项挑战。
现已惊人地发现,一类新颖的化合物、也就是通式I环氮杂磷杂烃表现很高的MMP抑制活性。
在优选的实施方式中,X是O。
在进一步优选的实施方式中,a和c都是单键;b是双键;R4和R7独立地是氢或甲基。
在更进一步优选的实施方式中,E不存在;s和t都是0;Y是A上对位的O;A是苯基。
在更进一步优选的实施方式中,R2是异羟肟酸。
在更进一步优选的实施方式中,式I化合物选自由下列化合物组成的组:
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-苯基-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环庚烷-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(4-氯苯氧基)-苯基-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环戊烷-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-(R*,R*,S*)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-1,2-氮杂磷杂二环并[4.3.0]壬-4-烯-9-酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂phosphoroc-6-ene-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酸;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂phosphorocane-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酸;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)-苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环庚烷-1-乙酰胺;和
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)-苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺。
通式I化合物含有不对称碳原子以及碳-碳双键,这些会产生异构形式。将被领会到的是,本发明涉及任何由式I代表的互变异构、非对映异构或旋光异构的形式,无论纯净形式还是其混合物。
MMP产生或活性上的失衡已经在很多疾病中都有牵连,因此MMP抑制剂具有治疗价值。具有抑制MMP的性质的化合物因而据信潜在可用于治疗、预防和/或改善与MMP产生或活性有关的疾病严重性、疾病症状和/或疾病或病症复发的周期性。疾病或病症包括但不限于牵涉组织破坏或炎症的那些,例如类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、osteopenia(例如骨质疏松)、牙周炎、齿龈炎、角膜、表皮或胃溃疡、皮肤老化、肿瘤转移、肿瘤侵入与肿瘤生长;与神经炎性障碍有关的疾病,包括牵涉髓磷脂降解的那些,例如多发性硬化;血管生成依赖性疾病,包括关节炎症与实体肿瘤生长、牛皮癣、增殖性视网膜病、新生血管性青光眼、眼部肿瘤、血管纤维瘤和血管瘤[Vu inMetalloproteases,Parks and Mecham(Eds.),115-148,1998,Academic Press;Mullins,
Biochem.Biophys.Acta,695,117-214,1983;Henderson,
Drugs of the Future,15,495-508,1990;Reich,
Cancer Res,48,3307-3312,1988;Whitaker,Chem.Rev.,99,2735-2776,1999]。
而且,MMP抑制剂也潜在地可用于治疗、预防和/或改善与过量肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)产生有关的疾病严重性、疾病症状和/或疾病或病症复发的周期性[Whitaker,
Chem.Rev.,99,2735-2776,1999]。TNF-α是一种有力的前炎性细胞因子,它已在炎性疾病或病症、关节炎、哮喘、脓毒性休克、发热、心血管后果、出血、凝血、急性期反应和编程性细胞死亡中有牵连。TNF-α在细胞内被表达为与膜结合的26kDa蛋白质,它被蛋白水解作用所裂解,释放17kDa的活性可溶形式。TNF-α的加工受到TNF-α转化酶(TACE)的催化,后者是一种金属蛋白酶,已经发现若干MMP抑制剂抑制TNF-α的加工[Mohler,
Nature,370,218,1994]。用MMP抑制剂处理因而能够潜在地控制过量TNF-α的产生。
另一方面,本发明涉及式I化合物的药物制剂。本发明的制剂既可兽用也可人用,包含活性成分以及药学上可接受的载体和可选的其他治疗成分。在与制剂其他成分可相容并且对其接受者无害的意义上,载体必须是“可接受的”。
制剂例如包括适合于口服(包括持续或定时释放)、直肠、肠胃外(包括皮下、腹膜内、肌内、动脉内和静脉内)、透皮、眼、局部、鼻或颊给药的形式。
术语“剂量单元”表示单位的、即单一的剂量,它能够对患者给药,并且容易操作和包装,仍然是物理与化学上稳定的单元剂量,包含活性物质本身或其与固体或液体药物稀释剂或载体的混合物。
制剂可以适宜地呈现剂量单元的形式,可以通过药学领域任何熟知的方法加以制备,例如Remington,
The Science and Practise of Pharmacy,20th ed.,2000。所有方法都包括使活性成分与载体缔合的步骤,后者构成一种或多种附属成分。一般而言,制剂是这样制备的,使活性成分与液体载体或微细粉碎的固体载体或这两者均匀和紧密地缔合,然后如果必要的话,使产物成形为所需的制剂。
本发明适合于口服给药的制剂可以是离散单元的形式,例如胶囊剂、扁囊剂、片剂或锭剂,各自含有预定量的活性成分;可以是粉剂或颗粒剂的形式;可以是在水性液体或非水性液体、例如乙醇或甘油中的溶液或悬液的形式;或者可以是水包油型乳剂或油包水型乳剂的形式。这类油可以是食用油,例如棉籽油、芝麻油、椰子油或花生油。适合于水性分散系的分散或悬浮剂包括合成或天然的树胶,例如黄蓍胶、藻酸盐、阿拉伯胶、葡聚糖、羧甲基纤维素钠、明胶、甲基纤维素和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。活性成分还可以是大丸剂、药糖剂或糊剂的形式。
片剂可以这样制备,可选地与一种或多种附属成分一起压制或模制活性成分。压制片可以这样制备,在适合的机械中压制自由流动形式的活性成分,例如粉末或颗粒,可选地与下列成分混合:粘合剂,例如乳糖、葡萄糖、淀粉、明胶、阿拉伯胶、黄蓍胶、藻酸钠、羧甲基纤维素、聚乙二醇、蜡等;润滑剂,例如油酸钠、硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸镁、苯甲酸钠、乙酸钠、氯化钠等;崩解剂,例如淀粉、甲基纤维素、琼脂、膨润土、黄原胶等;或分散剂。模制片可以这样制备,在适合的机械中模制已用惰性液体稀释剂湿润过的粉状活性成分与适合载体的混合物。
用于直肠给药、例如注射或输注的制剂可以是栓剂的形式,其中掺入活性成分和载体,或者可以是灌肠剂的形式。
适合于肠胃外给药的制剂适宜包含活性成分的无菌油性或水性制备物,它优选地与接受者血液是等渗的,例如等渗盐水、等渗葡萄糖溶液或缓冲溶液。制剂可以适宜地这样被灭菌,通过截留细菌的滤器过滤,向制剂加入灭菌剂,照射制剂或者加热制剂。
例如如US 5,534,499、US 5,762,958和US 6,007,839所公开的脂质体制剂也适合于肠胃外给药。
作为替代选择,式I化合物可以呈现为无菌的固体制备物,例如冻干粉末,它容易在使用前不久溶于无菌溶剂。
透皮制剂可以是硬膏剂的形式。
适合于眼部给药的制剂可以是活性成分的无菌水性制备物的形式,它可以是微晶形式,例如水性微晶悬液的形式。脂质体制剂或生物可降解的聚合物系统也可以用于活性成分的眼部给药。
适合于局部或眼部给药的制剂包括液体或半液体制备物,例如搽剂、洗剂、凝胶剂、涂剂、水包油型或油包水型乳剂,例如霜剂、软膏剂或糊剂;或者溶液或悬液,例如滴剂。
适合于鼻或颊给药的制剂包括粉剂、自推进与喷雾制剂,例如气雾剂和雾化剂。
除了前述制剂以外,式I化合物还可以呈现为药库制备物。这类长效制剂可以通过植入(例如皮下或肌内)或肌内注射给药。因而,例如,式I化合物可以与适合的聚合性或疏水性材料(例如在可接受的油中的乳剂)、离子交换树脂或微溶性衍生物配制成例如微溶性盐。
在采用本发明的全身治疗中,每日给药剂量为0.001-200mg每千克体重,优选0.002-50mg/kg哺乳动物体重,例如0.003-20mg/kg式I化合物,通常相当于0.2-750mg的成人每日剂量。在皮肤病学障碍的局部治疗中,给以软膏剂、霜剂或洗剂,含有0.1-750mg/g、优选0.1-500mg/g、例如0.1-200mg/g式I化合物。关于眼科学软膏剂的局部用途,给以滴剂或凝胶剂,含有0.1-750mg/g、优选0.1-500mg/g、例如0.1-200mg/g式I化合物。口服组合物优选地被配制成片剂、胶囊剂或滴剂,含有0.05-250mg、优选0.1-125mg式I化合物每剂量单元。
除了上述成分以外,式I化合物的制剂还可以包括另外一种或多种成分,例如稀释剂、缓冲剂、矫味剂、着色剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、防腐剂(例如羟基苯甲酸甲酯,包括抗氧化剂)、乳化剂等。
本发明还包括向本发明制剂掺入其他在治疗中常用的药学活性成分。非限制性地,这类其他药学活性成分可以是抗癌药(例如化疗剂)、激素或生物应答改性剂。
式II化合物、即一小类式I化合物
其中R1、R2、R6、R7、X、b、c和m是如上所述的,
的合成中的关键步骤是Ag+催化的氨基磷杂丙二烯的立体选择性(吡咯烷环上的取代基被定位为顺式)环化作用,如流程7步骤2所述。Huby,
J.Chem.Soc,Perkin Trans.,1,145-155,1991公开了Ag+催化的丙二烯衍生物的立体选择性环化作用,其中氮是磺酰胺或氨甲酸酯基团的一部分,而当氮是甲酰胺或仲胺的一部分时,环化失败。当氮是游离胺的一部分时,立体选择性丧失。
本发明人已经惊人地发现,Ag-盐催化膦酰胺丙二烯的立体选择性环化作用。因此,有可能通过催化性转化式III化合物而制备式II化合物
其中R1、R2、R6、R7、X和m是如上所述的。
这种Ag+催化的环化作用可以在各种条件下进行。优选地,它是在0-40℃的温度范围内进行的,例如10-30℃。所用Ag+盐的量为0.05-2当量,优选0.5-1.5当量,就丙二烯而言。环化作用可以进行为达到必要转化所需的任意时间,并且可以牵涉加入一次以上的Ag盐。有用的Ag盐可以选自由AgOCOCF3、AgClO4、AgOSO2CF3、AgNO3和AgBF4。
下列非限制性实施例进一步阐述本发明。
实施例
使用下列标准缩写:DCM:二氯甲烷;THF:四氢呋喃;NH2OTMS:O-(三甲代甲硅烷基)羟胺;DMSO:二甲基亚砜。
溶剂的干燥是这样进行的,向无水溶剂商品加入经过烘箱干燥的分子筛。所有熔点都是未校正的。化学漂移值(δ)(ppm)是在所指定的溶剂中的13C NMR(75.6MHz),相对于内标四甲基硅烷(δ=0.00)或氘代氯仿(δ=76.81)而言。质谱是在QUATTRO II(Micromass)上记录的。模式被表示为EI+:电子轰击,阳离子;ES+:电子喷雾,阳性模式。精确的质量和相对理论偏差一起在括号内给出。
合成
苯氧膦基二氯化物1a是商业上可得到的。将商业上可得到的芳基醚用三氯膦和0.1-0.2摩尔当量路易斯酸(氯化铝用于二芳基醚,氯化锡(IV)用于芳基烷基醚)在回流下进行二氯氧膦基化(Miles,J.Org.Chem.,40,343-347,1975)达三天,然后蒸馏(流程1),得到芳基二氯膦1b-f,收率中等至较低。将氧膦基氯化物用不饱和醇处理,所得次膦酸盐经历Arbuzov重排,条件是在130℃下加热,纯净的(烯丙基芳基膦酸烯丙基酯2)或者在催化性烷基溴的存在下:用于合成芳基丁烯基膦酸丁烯基酯3的4-溴丁-1-烯,和用于芳基戊烯基膦酸戊烯基酯4的5-溴戊-1-烯。
流程1
a):PCl3/SnCl4或PCl3/AlCl3;b):i.烯丙醇,吡啶,乙醚;ii.加热;c):i.丁-3-烯-1-醇,吡啶,乙醚;ii.4-溴丁-1-烯,加热;d):i.戊-4-烯-1-醇,吡啶,乙醚;ii.5-溴戊-1-烯,加热。
流程2
a):i.PCl5.ii.烯丙胺,吡啶,DCM;b):i.n-BuLi,THF;ii.乙基;c)Grubb催化剂,DCM;d)H2,Pd/C(10%);e)NH2OTMS,KOH,MeOH
氮杂磷杂环戊烷的前体(5元环)是从膦酸酯2制备的,后者在DCM中与五氯化磷顺利地转化为膦酰氯(流程2)。随后的烯丙胺的膦酰化得到膦酰胺5(Hetherington,
Tetrahedron,56,2053-2060,2000)。在强碱性条件下延长反应时间,借助双键的移行完成溴乙酸乙酯的烷基化,随后的环闭合易位纯净地得到氮杂磷杂环戊烯7。催化性氢化得到杂环8,在甲醇中使用O-三甲代甲硅烷基羟胺和氢氧化钾一水合物,8转化为异羟肟酸9。
流程3
步骤1)i.PCl5,DCM,ii.烯丙胺,三乙胺,DCM.步骤2)Grubb催化剂,DCM.步骤3)i.n-BuLi,THF,ii.溴乙酸乙酯;步骤4)i.PCl5,DCM,ii.15,三乙胺,DCM。
氮杂phosphorine是经由关键的中间体酯11而制备的(流程3)。将膦酸酯2用五氯化磷和膦酰化烯丙胺氯化,得到膦酰胺5,将后者用Grubb催化剂环化,用溴乙酸乙酯烷基化,得到关键的中间体酯11。作为替代选择,这些关键的中间体可以这样获得,如上将N-烯丙基甘氨酸乙酯15用膦酰氯膦酰化,然后是环闭合易位。
流程4
步骤1)TMSONH2,KOH,MeOH.步骤2)NaOH,MeOH.步骤3)H2,Pd/C(10%)。
酯11然后经历羟基氨基分解,得到异羟肟酸12,或者皂化,得到羧酸17(流程4)。最后,氢化和羟基氨基分解经由酯13得到异羟肟酸14。
流程5
步骤1)i.PCl5,DCM,ii.烯丙胺,三乙胺,DCM.步骤2)i.BuLi,THF,ii.溴乙酸乙酯.步骤3)i.PCl5,DCM,ii.15,三乙胺,DCM.步骤4)Grubb催化剂,DCM.步骤5)H2Pd/C(10%).
步骤6)TMSONH2,KOH,MeOH.步骤7)NaOH,MeOH。
而且,7元杂环异羟肟酸和羧酸21、22和24可以这样获得,从芳基丁烯基膦酸丁烯基酯3开始,在如上烷基胺的酰胺化之后,得到膦酰胺18,将其用溴乙酸乙酯烷基化,得到关键的中间体二不饱和酯19(流程5)。作为替代选择,这些二烯可以直接通过N-烯丙基甘氨酸乙酯与膦酰氯的膦酰化而获得,膦酰氯是从膦酸酯3得到的。环闭合易位再次得到杂环20,可选地氢化为酯23,随后羟基氨基分解或水解,得到异羟肟酸和羧酸21、22和24。
流程6
步骤1)i.PCl5,DCM,ii.15,三乙胺,DCM.步骤2)Grubb催化剂,DCM.步骤3)H2Pd/C(10%)。步骤4)TMSONH2,KOH,MeOH。
相同顺序的反应可以使芳基戊烯基膦酸戊烯基酯4转化为膦酰胺25,再次顺利地环化为不饱和杂环26(流程6)。这些氮杂phosphorocenone转化为异羟肟酸27,或者可选地氢化为杂环28,然后羟基氨基分解得到29。
流程7
步骤1)i.PCl5,DCM,ii.30,三乙胺,DCM.步骤2)AgBF4,THF.步骤3)Grubb催化剂,DCM.步骤4)NH2OTMS,KOH,MeOH.
具有5和6元稠合环的二环化合物可以如流程7所述获得。从膦酸酯2和五氯化磷衍生的膦酰氯在用氨基酯30处理时(Huby,
J. Chem.Soc.,Perkin trans.,I,145-155,1991),得到纯的膦酰胺,为非对映异构体31与32的混合物,色谱分离之。通过下列步骤得到一种异构体。利用银离子催化进行氨基丙二烯到五元环的环化(关于细节,参见制备例33e),生成吡咯烷33,碳上两个吡咯烷取代基仅为顺式取向。环闭合易位再次使二烯环化,这次生成二环34。此时,NMR光谱法测定立体化学为如化合物34所述。最后通过如上羟基氨基分解制得异羟肟酸35。
一般工艺:
与氯化铝的二氯氧膦基化
在逃逸性氩气流下,将芳族化合物与三氯膦(1摩尔当量)和氯化铝(0.1摩尔当量)在回流下加热三天。在大气压下通过蒸馏除去未反应的三氯膦。在0.05mmHg下快速蒸馏粗产物,将蒸馏产物在0.05mmHg下小心地重蒸馏,得到低沸点部分的未反应芳族化合物,和所需的二氯芳基膦,为高沸点产物。
与氯化锡(VI)的二氯氧膦基化
在逃逸性氩气流下,将芳族化合物与三氯膦(1摩尔当量)和氯化锡(IV)(0.1摩尔当量)在回流下加热三天。在大气压下通过蒸馏除去未反应的三氯膦。在0.05mmHg下快速蒸馏粗产物,将蒸馏产物在0.05mmHg下小心地重蒸馏,得到低沸点部分的未反应芳族化合物,和所需的二氯芳基膦,为高沸点产物。
烯丙基/Arbuzov顺序
在氩和冰冷却下,将芳基-二氯-膦溶于无水二乙醚,浓度0.25M。加入吡啶(2.2摩尔当量),然后加入烯丙醇(2.2摩尔当量)。在室温下两小时后,尽量不暴露于空气地过滤混合物,滤器用更多的无水二乙醚洗涤,在真空中浓缩滤液。在高真空下除去残留溶剂。将残余物在130℃下加热过夜,经过硅胶色谱纯化,用含0%至100%乙酸乙酯的甲苯梯度洗脱。用TLC(碘蒸汽)鉴别含有产物的部分,合并,在真空中浓缩,得到纯产物,为一种油。
丁烯基/Arbuzov顺序
在氩和冰冷却下,将芳基-二氯-膦溶于无水二乙醚,浓度0.25M。加入吡啶(2.2摩尔当量),然后加入丁-3-烯醇(2.2摩尔当量)。在室温下两小时后,尽量不暴露于空气地过滤混合物,滤器用额外的无水二乙醚洗涤,在真空中浓缩滤液。在高真空下除去残留溶剂。加入4-溴丁-1-烯(1摩尔当量),将溶液在120℃下加热过夜,经过硅胶色谱纯化,用含0%至100%乙酸乙酯的甲苯梯度洗脱。用TLC(碘蒸汽)鉴别含有产物的部分,合并,在真空中浓缩,得到纯的芳基-(丁-3-烯氧基)-丁-3-烯基phosphone,为一种油。
戊烯基/Arbuzov顺序
在与丁烯基/Arbuzov顺序相似的工艺中,使芳基-二氯-膦先与戊-4-烯醇反应,再与5-溴戊-1-烯反应,得到纯的芳基-(戊-4-烯氧基)-戊-4-烯基phosphone。
酰胺化
在氩下,将烷氧基phosphone溶于无水二氯甲烷(至0.5M),加入五氯化磷(1.05摩尔当量)。在室温下搅拌三小时后,在真空中除去挥发物,施加高真空(0.04mmHg)达15分钟。在氩下将残余物再次溶于无水二氯甲烷(至0.5M),加入烯丙胺(2摩尔当量),然后加入三乙胺(2摩尔当量)。三小时后,使混合物蒸发到硅胶上(1g硅胶每100mg产物),用含0%至10%甲醇的乙酸乙酯梯度洗脱。用TLC(碘蒸汽)鉴别含有产物的部分,合并。在真空中除去溶剂,得到纯产物,为一种油。
环闭合易位
将二烯溶于二氯甲烷,浓度0.01M,加入Grubb催化剂亚苄基-双-(三环己基膦)-二氯-钌(0.02摩尔当量)。当反应已经进行完全时(两小时内),使反应混合物蒸发到硅胶上(1g硅胶每100mg产物),用含0%至10%甲醇的乙酸乙酯梯度洗脱。用TLC(碘蒸汽)鉴别含有产物的部分,合并。在真空中浓缩,得到纯产物,为一种油。
烷基化
在0℃下,将膦酰胺悬浮在无水THF中,浓度0.5M,向悬液加入丁基锂(1.15摩尔当量的1.6M己烷溶液)。当所有固体都已溶解时,将溶液冷却至-78℃,加入溴乙酸乙酯(1.6摩尔当量),使反应混合物达到室温。第二天,用磷酸盐缓冲液pH 7和乙酸乙酯进行含水处理,然后经过色谱纯化,用含0%至10%乙酸乙酯的己烷梯度洗脱,得到纯产物,为一种油。
羟基氨基分解
在0℃下,将乙基酯溶于无水甲醇,浓度0.7M,加入O-三甲代甲硅烷基羟胺(2摩尔当量),然后加入氢氧化钾一水合物(2摩尔当量)的1M无水甲醇溶液。当TLC指示完全转化时,用磷酸盐缓冲液pH 2和乙酸乙酯进行含水处理,用硫酸镁干燥,得到粗产物,使其蒸发到硅胶上(1g硅胶每100mg粗产物),用含0%至15%甲醇的氯仿梯度洗脱。在TLC平板上利用氯化铁喷雾鉴别含有异羟肟酸的部分,合并,在真空中浓缩,得到纯的异羟肟酸。
氢解
在1atm氢下,将环状烯烃(70mg)在含有10%披钯碳(30mg)的乙酸乙酯(2ml)中摇动,直至计算量的氢已被吸收。通过C盐垫过滤,除去溶剂,得到对应的纯态饱和产物。
水解
将酯溶于甲醇(至0.1M),在室温下加入NaOH(含水,2M,20摩尔当量)。当TLC指示完全转化时,将溶液用盐酸酸化,用乙酸乙酯萃取。萃取液经硫酸镁干燥,在真空中汽提溶剂,经过色谱纯化,用含10%至50%甲醇的二氯甲烷梯度洗脱。用TLC(碘蒸汽)鉴别含有产物的部分,合并,在真空中浓缩,得到纯的羧酸。
个别制备:
采用上述一般工艺制备下列化合物:
2a
(±)烯丙基苯基膦酸烯丙基酯
通过烯丙基/Arbuzov顺序从1a制备,为一种油。
3a
(±)丁-3-烯基苯基膦酸丁-3-烯基酯
通过丁烯基/Arbuzov工艺从二氯苯基膦制备,为一种油。
18a
(±)丁-3-烯基苯基膦酰胺烯丙基酯
通过3a与烯丙胺的酰胺化制备,为一种油。
19a
(±)烯丙基(乙氧羰基)甲基丁-3-烯基苯基膦酰胺。
通过18a与溴乙酸乙酯的烷基化制备。
20a
(±)-2-氧代-2-苯基-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过19a的环闭合易位制备,为一种油。
21a,实施例3.
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-苯基-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酰胺。
通过20a的羟基氨基分解制备,为一种油。13C NMR(DMSO):166.6,133.3,131.5,131.2,130.9,128.4,127.6,46.0,44.0,26.4,21.5
1b
二氯-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦
通过茴香醚与氯化锡(IV)的二氯氧膦基化制备,为一种油。
2b
(±)-丙烯基-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦酸烯丙基酯。
通过烯丙基/Arbuzov顺序从1b制备,为一种油。
5b
烯丙基(±)-烯丙基-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦酰胺。
通过2b与烯丙胺的酰胺化制备,为一种油。
6b
烯丙基乙氧羰基甲基(±)-丙烯基-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦酰胺。
通过5b与溴乙酸乙酯的烷基化制备,为一种油,在处理之前由双键异构化而得。
7b
(±)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环戊-3-烯-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过环闭合易位从6b制备,为一种油。
8b
(±)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环戊烷-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过氢化从7b制备,为一种油。
9b,实施例7.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环戊烷-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从8b制备,为一种油。13C NMR(DMSO):165.9,161.9,133.8,123.4,114.0,55.2,49.5,45.0,26.7,20.6
1c
二氯-(4-乙氧基苯基)膦。
通过fenethole与氯化锡(IV)的二氯氧膦基化制备,为一种油,在70-8℃/0.05mmHg下收集。
2c
(±)烯丙基-(4-乙氧基苯基)-膦酸烯丙基酯。
通过烯丙基/Arbuzov顺序从1c制备,为一种油。
16c
(±)烯丙基乙氧羰基甲基烯丙基-(4-乙氧基苯基)-膦酰胺。
通过2c与N-烯丙基-甘氨酸乙酯的酰胺化制备,为一种油。
11c
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过环闭合易位从16c制备,为一种油。
12c,实施例11.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从11c制备,为一种油。ES+:M+=311,1146(4,8ppm).13C NMR(DMSO):165.6,161.0,132.7,126.3,123.9,119.8,114.3,63.2,50.1,47.3,27.1,14.4
17c,实施例12.
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酸。
通过水解从11c制备,为一种油。ES+:M+=296,1058(2.0ppm).13C NMR(DMSO):161.3,133.8,126.9,122.0,118.7,114.3,63.2,52.0,49.2,27.0,14.4
13c
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环已烷-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过氢化从11c制备,为一种油。
14c,实施例13.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从13c制备,为一种油。EI+:M+=312,1230(2.9ppm).13C NMR(DMSO):165.5,161.3,133.7,122.3,114.5,63.2,49.2,48.6,27.3,25.7,20.4,14.4
3c
(±)丁-3-烯基-(4-乙氧基苯基)膦酸丁-3-烯基酯。
通过烯丙基/Arbuzov顺序从1c制备,为一种油。
19c
(±)烯丙基乙氧羰基甲基丁-3-烯基-(4-乙氧基苯基)膦酰胺。
通过N-烯丙基-甘氨酸乙酯的酰胺化从3c制备,为一种油。
20c
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过环闭合易位从19c制备,为一种油。
22c,实施例14.
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酸。
通过水解从20c制备,为一种油。13C NMR(DMSO)172.3,161.0,132.9,131.1,127.8,124.1,114.3,63.2,47.1,44.1,26.8,21.4,14.4
23c
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环庚烷-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过氢化从20c制备,为一种油。
24c,实施例16.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环庚烷-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从23c制备,为一种油。13C NMR(DMSO)166.8,161.0,133.2,124.5,114.3,63.2,48.9,48.1,30.2,29.4,28.8,20.4,14.5
4c
(±)(4-乙氧基苯基)戊-4-烯基膦酸戊-4-烯基酯。
通过戊烯基/Arbuzov顺序从1c制备。
25c
(±)-烯丙基乙氧羰基甲基(4-乙氧基苯基)戊-4-烯基膦酰胺.
通过4c与N-烯丙基-甘氨酸乙酯的酰胺化制备,为一种油。
26c
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂phosphoroc-6-ene-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过环闭合易位从25c制备,为一种油。
27c,实施例9.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂phosphoroc-6-ene-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从26c制备,为一种油。ES+:M+=339,1465(2.6ppm).13C NMR(DMSO):166.6,160.8,132.6,128.8,128.7,125.2,114.1,63.1,46.1,45.7,24.9,23.6,21.3,14.4
28c
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂phosphorocane-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过氢化从26c制备,为一种油。
29c,实施例10.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂phosphorocane-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从28c制备,为一种油。ES+:M+=341,1617(3.8ppm).13C NMR(DMSO):166.7,160.7,132.9,125.4,114.1,63.1,45.3,44.7,27.3,26.0,25.5,23.1,22.1,14.5
1d
二氯-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)-苯基)膦。
通过苯基异丁基醚与氯化锡(IV)的二氯氧膦基化制备,为一种油。
2d
烯丙基-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)-苯基)膦酸烯丙基酯。
通过烯丙基/Arbuzov顺序从1d制备,为一种油。
16d
烯丙基乙氧羰基甲基烯丙基-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)-苯基)-膦酰胺。
通过N-烯丙基-甘氨酸乙酯的酰胺化从2d制备,为一种油。
11d
(±)-2-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过环闭合易位从16d制备,为一种油。
12d,实施例15.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从11d制备,为一种油。13C NMR(DMSO):165.6,161.3,132.8,126.3,123.8,119.7,114.4,73.7,50.1,47.3,27.6,27.1,18.9
13d
(±)-2-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过氢化从11d制备,为一种油。
14d,实施例17.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从13d制备,为一种油。13C NMR(DMSO):165.5,161.6,133.7,122.3,114.5,73.7,49.3,48.6,27.6,27.3,25.7,20.4,18.9
1e
二氯-(4-苯氧基苯基)膦。
通过苯基醚与氯化铝的二氯氧膦基化制备,为一种油,在150℃/0.05mmHg(Kugelrohr烘箱)下收集。
2e
(±)烯丙基(苯氧基苯基)-膦酸烯丙基酯。
通过烯丙基/Arbuzov顺序从1e制备,为一种油。
5e
(±)-烯丙基烯丙基(苯氧基苯基)膦酰胺。
通过2e与烯丙胺的酰胺化制备,为一种油。
10e
(±)-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯。
通过5e的环闭合易位制备。
11e
(±)-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过环闭合易位从10e制备,为一种油。
12e,实施例1.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从11e制备,为一种油。13C NMR(CD3CN):167.5,162.1,156.6,134.5,131.2,127.6,126.6,125.7,121.0,120.4,118.7,51.5,49.7,28.0
13e
(±)-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过氢化从11e制备,收率实际上是定量的。
14e,实施例2.
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从13e制备,为一种油。13C NMR(CD3CN):167.3,162.2,156.4,135.0,131.0,125.5,125.3,120.8,118.6,51.7,50.2,28.3,26.8,21.1
3e
(±)丁-3-烯基-(4-苯氧基苯基)膦酸丁-3-烯基酯。
通过丁烯基/Arbuzov顺序从1e制备,为一种油。
18e
(±)烯丙基丁-3-烯基(4-苯氧基苯基)膦酰胺。
通过3e与烯丙胺的酰胺化制备,为一种油。
19e
(±)烯丙基乙氧羰基甲基丁-3-烯基-(4-苯氧基苯基)膦酰胺。
通过18e与溴乙酸乙酯的烷基化制备,为一种油。
20e
(±)-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过环闭合易位从19e制备,为一种油。
21e,实施例4.
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从20e制备,为一种油。13C NMR(DMSO):166.5,159.8,155.2,133.3,131.1,130.2,127.6,127.2,124.4,119.6,117.4,46.2,44.0,26.5,21.5
23e
(±)-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环庚烷-1-乙酸乙基酯。
通过氢化从20e制备,收率定量,为一种油。
24e,实施例5.
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环庚烷-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从23e制备,为一种油。MS,精确质量,M+=374,1400(1,1ppm).13C NMR(DMSO)166.7,159.7,155.2,133.5,130.2,127.8,124.3,119.7,117.3,48.8,47.8,30.0,29.3,28.7,20.4
32e
(±)(1R*)-乙氧羰基己-4,5-二烯基(S*)-烯丙基-(4-苯氧基苯基)-膦酰胺。
通过2e与(±)-2-氨基-庚-5,6-二烯酸乙基酯(Huby,
J.Chem. Soc.,Perkin trans.,I,145-155,1991.)的酰胺化制备。通过色谱法分离立体异构体的混合物。分离更缓慢的异构体32e,为一种油。
33e
(±)-[5R*,2S*]-1-((R*)-烯丙基(苯氧基苯基)膦酰)-5-乙烯基-吡咯烷-2-羧酸乙基酯。
如下从32e制备:将382mg(0.9mmol)丙二烯溶于二氯甲烷,浓度0.1M,加入1当量四氟硼酸银(I)。24小时后,加入另一当量四氟硼酸银(I),另过24小时后,如下处理混合物:将混合物用25ml二氯甲烷和50ml饱和氯化钠水溶液稀释,过滤。滤液用25ml二氯甲烷萃取,合并有机相,经硫酸镁干燥,在真空中除去溶剂,留下油性残余物,经过色谱纯化,用含20%石油醚的乙酸乙酯至含5%甲醇的乙酸乙酯梯度洗脱,得到191mg(50%)33e,为一种油。
34e
(±)-(2R*,6R*,9S*)-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-1,2-氮杂磷杂二环并[4.3.0]壬-4-烯-9-羧酸乙基酯。
通过环闭合易位从33e制备,为一种油。
35e,实施例8.
(±)-(2R*,6R*,9S*)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-1,2-氮杂磷杂二环并[4.3.0]壬-4-烯-9-酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从34e制备,为一种油。MS,精确质量,M+=384,1251(3,1ppm).13C NMR(DMSO):170.3,159.7,155.2,131.9,130.3,130.2,127.8,124.4,120.7,119.6,117.5,61.0,57.5,31.1,30.4,26.5
1f
二氯-(4-(4-氯苯氧基)-苯基)-膦
通过4-氯苯基苯基醚与氯化铝的二氯氧膦基化制备,为一种油,b.p.:125-35℃/0.05mmHg。
2f
(±)烯丙基(4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基)膦酸烯丙基酯。
通过烯丙基Arbuzov顺序从1f制备,为一种油。
16f
(±)烯丙基(乙氧羰基)甲基烯丙基(4-(4-氯苯氧基)苯基)膦酰胺。
通过2f与N-烯丙基-甘氨酸乙酯的酰胺化制备,为一种油。
11f
(±)-2-(4-(4-氯苯氧基)-苯基-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酸酯。
通过环闭合易位从16f制备,为一种油。
12f,实施例6.
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(4-氯苯氧基)-苯基-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺。
通过羟基氨基分解从11f制备,从甲醇/乙酸乙酯中重结晶后为结晶状态。13C NMR(DMSO):165.5,159.3,154.2,133.1,130.0,128.2,127.8,126.4,121.4,119.7,117.6,50.2,47.0,27.0
MMP抑制作用试验
该测定法通过评估荧光底物的裂解,测量供试化合物对金属蛋白酶的蛋白水解活性的影响。在未裂解的底物中,荧光是被分子内猝灭的,不过底物的裂解减轻了猝灭,得到荧光性肽[Bickett,
Anal. Biochem,212,58-64,1993;Knight,
FEBS Lett.,296,263-266,1992]。
试验了化合物对MMP-1与MMP-9(Chemicon Internat ional,CA,USA)和MMP-2(Biogenesi s Ltd,UK)的抑制作用。MMP-1的底物是M-2055(Dnp-Pro-β-环己基-Ala-Gly-Cys(Me)-His-Ala-Lys(N-Me-Abz)-NH2),它是一种合成的肽样结构,得自Bachem AG,Schwitzerland。MMP-2和MMP-9的底物是与荧光素缀合的明胶,得自Molecular Probes Inc.,OR,USA。
将酶用汞乙酸苯基酯活化,与适当的底物和不同水平的供试化合物培育。M-2055和明胶的激发/发射波长分别是350/450和485/530。
从剂量-响应曲线计算供试化合物导致酶活性被抑制50%的摩尔浓度(IC50)。为方便起见,结果以pIC50报告,即-log(IC50)。
结果如下表1所示。
环氮杂磷杂烃的pIC50
MMP-1 | MMP-2 | MMP-9 | |
实施例1 | 5.6 | 8.3 | 9.0 |
实施例4 | 5.1 | 8.1 | 8.2 |
实施例5 | 5.2 | 8.3 | 8.5 |
实施例6 | 5.3 | 8.4 | 9.1 |
如表中所示,环磷杂烃对MMP表现强大的抑制作用。
Claims (12)
1、通式I化合物
其中表示为a、b和c的键独立地代表单键或双键;
m和n独立地是0、1、2或3,其条件是m和n不都是0;
X是S或O;
R1是
其中E在存在时代表一条键、亚甲基或亚乙基,可选地被卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、C1-4烷基、卤代烷基、羟基烷基、烷氧基或烷基羰基取代;
s和t独立地是0、1、2或3;
A和A’独立地代表一条键、或者饱和或不饱和的可选被取代的环状或杂环烃二-或三-基;
Y代表一条键、O、S、C(O)NR10、NR10C(O)或NR10,其中R10是氢、羟基、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、硝基、氰基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;
R8代表一条键、氢、链烷二基或链烯二基、一个或多个醚二基(R’-O-R”)或胺二基(R’-N-R”),其中R’和R”独立地代表具有0至3个C的烷基或链烯基;
R9代表氢、羟基、卤素、氰基、硝基、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、氰基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;NR11R12、C(O)NR11R12、C(O)R11R12、CO(O)R11R12、S(O)2R11,其中每个R11和R12独立地代表氢、卤素、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、氰基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;
R2代表异羟肟酸、羧酸、膦酸或巯基甲基;
R3和R4各自独立地代表氢、卤素、氰基、羟基、硝基、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和链烷基或链烯基,可选地被卤素、氰基、硝基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;或者R3和R4与它们所依附的碳原子和连接性氮原子一起构成杂环;
每个R5、R6和R7独立地代表氢、羟基、硝基、氰基、卤素、直链或支链的饱和或不饱和烃基,可选地被卤素、氰基、硝基、羟基、烷氧基、烷基羰基或烷基氨基取代;或者R4和R5、R5和R6或R6和R7与它们所依附的碳原子一起构成饱和或不饱和的可选被取代的环或杂环;
及其药学上可接受的盐。
2、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中X是O。
3、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中a和c都是单键;b是双键;R4和R7独立地是氢或甲基。
4、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中E不存在;s和t都是0,Y是A上对位0;A是苯基。
5、根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R2是异羟肟酸。
6、根据权利要求1的化合物,选自由下列化合物组成的组:
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-苯基-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-氮杂磷杂环庚烷-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(4-氯苯氧基)-苯基-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环戊烷-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-(R*,R*,S*)-N-羟基-2-氧代-2-(4-苯氧基苯基)-1,2-氮杂磷杂二环并[4.3.0]壬-4-烯-9-酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂phosphoroc-6-ene-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酸;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂phosphorocane-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂环庚-5-烯-1-乙酸;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)-苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己-4-烯-1-乙酰胺;
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环庚烷-1-乙酰胺;和
(±)-N-羟基-2-(4-(2-甲基丙氧基)-苯基)-2-氧代-氮杂磷杂环己烷-1-乙酰胺。
7、药物组合物,包含根据任意权利要求1-6的式I化合物或其原则上可接受到盐以及药学上可接受的赋形剂。
8、用在疗法中的根据任意权利要求1-6的化合物。
9、牵涉组织破坏、炎症、增殖性障碍、神经炎性障碍、血管生成依赖性疾病的疾病或病症的治疗或预防方法,包含对需要的患者给以有效量的根据权利要求1-6的化合物。
10、根据权利要求9的方法,其中该疾病或病症是类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、osteopenia、骨质疏松、牙周炎、齿龈炎、角膜、表皮或胃溃疡、皮肤老化、肿瘤转移、肿瘤侵入与肿瘤生长、多发性硬化、关节炎症、实体肿瘤生长、牛皮癣、增殖性视网膜病、新生血管性青光眼、眼部肿瘤、血管纤维瘤、血管瘤、关节炎、哮喘、脓毒性休克、发热、心血管后果、出血、凝血、急性期反应和编程性细胞死亡。
11、根据任意权利要求1-6的式I化合物在药物制造中的用途,该药物用于治疗牵涉组织破坏、炎症、增殖性障碍、神经炎性障碍、血管生成依赖性疾病的疾病或病症。
12、根据权利要求11的用途,其中该病症或疾病是类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、osteopenia、骨质疏松、牙周炎、齿龈炎、角膜、表皮或胃溃疡、皮肤老化、肿瘤转移、肿瘤侵入与肿瘤生长、多发性硬化、关节炎症、实体肿瘤生长、牛皮癣、增殖性视网膜病、新生血管性青光眼、眼部肿瘤、血管纤维瘤、血管瘤、关节炎、哮喘、脓毒性休克、发热、心血管后果、出血、凝血、急性期反应和编程性细胞死亡。
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CNA028094271A Pending CN1507450A (zh) | 2001-04-11 | 2002-04-10 | 新颖的环氮杂磷杂烃 |
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US (1) | US6605742B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1379533A2 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2004532221A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20030093310A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1507450A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0208757A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2443709A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ20032762A3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0303874A3 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL158219A0 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA03009195A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL367063A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2003132686A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2002083696A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1613269B1 (en) | 2003-04-04 | 2015-02-25 | Incyte Corporation | Compositions, methods and kits relating to her-2 cleavage |
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2002
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- 2002-04-10 KR KR10-2003-7013353A patent/KR20030093310A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-10 CN CNA028094271A patent/CN1507450A/zh active Pending
- 2002-04-10 RU RU2003132686/04A patent/RU2003132686A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-10 MX MXPA03009195A patent/MXPA03009195A/es unknown
- 2002-04-10 PL PL02367063A patent/PL367063A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-04-10 CZ CZ20032762A patent/CZ20032762A3/cs unknown
- 2002-04-10 BR BR0208757-0A patent/BR0208757A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-10 IL IL15821902A patent/IL158219A0/xx unknown
- 2002-04-10 HU HU0303874A patent/HUP0303874A3/hu unknown
- 2002-04-10 EP EP02761876A patent/EP1379533A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-10 JP JP2002581451A patent/JP2004532221A/ja active Pending
- 2002-04-10 CA CA002443709A patent/CA2443709A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1379533A2 (en) | 2004-01-14 |
JP2004532221A (ja) | 2004-10-21 |
IL158219A0 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
KR20030093310A (ko) | 2003-12-06 |
CZ20032762A3 (cs) | 2004-05-12 |
WO2002083696A3 (en) | 2002-12-27 |
PL367063A1 (en) | 2005-02-21 |
US20020177706A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
RU2003132686A (ru) | 2005-03-27 |
WO2002083696A2 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
US6605742B2 (en) | 2003-08-12 |
HUP0303874A3 (en) | 2005-12-28 |
MXPA03009195A (es) | 2004-02-17 |
BR0208757A (pt) | 2004-05-11 |
CA2443709A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
HUP0303874A2 (hu) | 2004-03-29 |
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