CN1469071B - 电焊套管 - Google Patents

电焊套管 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1469071B
CN1469071B CN031386628A CN03138662A CN1469071B CN 1469071 B CN1469071 B CN 1469071B CN 031386628 A CN031386628 A CN 031386628A CN 03138662 A CN03138662 A CN 03138662A CN 1469071 B CN1469071 B CN 1469071B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
connection part
welding
electro
welding sleeve
pipeline
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN031386628A
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CN1469071A (zh
Inventor
R·米勒
M·格雷斯曼
D·佩特里
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Georg Fischer Wavin AG
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Georg Fischer Wavin AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/362—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/362—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B29C65/3632—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding comprising several wires, e.g. in the form of several independent windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5223—Joining tubular articles for forming corner connections or elbows, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5223—Joining tubular articles for forming corner connections or elbows, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/52231—Joining tubular articles for forming corner connections or elbows, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces with a right angle, e.g. for making L-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52292—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/97—Checking completion of joining or correct joining by using indications on at least one of the joined parts
    • B29C66/976—Checking completion of joining or correct joining by using indications on at least one of the joined parts by the use of an indicator pin, e.g. being integral with one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3464—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint characterised by the cross-section of said heated elements which remain in the joint or by the cross-section of their coating, e.g. being triangular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B29C65/348—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic with a polymer coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3604—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3644—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the type of elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being a ribbon, band or strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/36—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction
    • B29C65/3672—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3676—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" heated by induction characterised by the composition of the elements heated by induction which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Cable Accessories (AREA)
  • Processing Of Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于由热塑性塑料制成的管路的连接的电焊套管，所述电焊套管(3)可通过电焊法与管路L连接，并且所述电焊套管(3)的结构是不对称的，其中所述电焊套管(3)被设计成在第一连接部位(4)里借助感应焊接方法与管路构件(2)相连，第二连接部位(5)的内径大于100mm。

Description

电焊套管
技术领域
本发明涉及用于由热塑性塑料制成的管路的连接的电焊套管，其中该套管借助电焊法与一条管路相连。
背景技术
在管道工程中，人们越来越多地使用了由热塑性塑料制成的管路。在有分支和小半径弯头的情况下以及在直径改变的情况下，这些管路段就用管路构件连接起来。管路与管路构件之间的连接往往借助电焊法来完成。不管是用于煤气、水，还是用于空气、废水和其它化学药品，管路可以有各种各样的标准化管径。管径越大，连接各管段也越费事。
EP 382971B1公开了一种可电焊的管弯头。在两个管路端头之间，借助电焊方式焊入一个弯头，该弯头在入口和出口之间的夹角为45°。管路端头同样也装有一个弯曲45°的端部。如果不用这种专门制造的管路端部而必须使用可在市场上得到的直管路端，以便包夹出大于45°的角，则需要多个弯头和多次焊接。如果制造出一个单一零件来替代多个弯头，则模具制造的投资成本就要高很多。
发明内容
基于这种现有技术，本发明的任务是提供一种电焊套管，它可以尽可能经济地制造并且可以尽可能简单并密封不透地与现有的管路连接。
为此，本发明提供一种用于由热塑性塑料制成的管路的连接的电焊套管，该电焊套管可通过电焊法与管路L连接，并且所述电焊套管的结构是不对称的，所述电焊套管由第一连接部位和第二连接部位构成，其中第一连接部位和第二连接部位直接相互连接，其中，所述电焊套管被设计成在第一连接部位里借助感应焊接方法与管路构件相连，所述电焊套管的第二连接部位能与管路L连接，第二连接部位的内径大于100mm，第二连接部位大约是第一连接部位的2.5倍长。
有利的是，在铺设管路中，电焊套管所占位置尽可能地少。这是如此实现的，即电焊套管在一个可与管路构件连接的低仪连接部位上具有一个焊接区，该焊接区比在可与管路连接的第二连接部位上的焊接区短。这也可以按以下方法实现，即电焊套管在可与管路构件连接的该连接部位上具有一个冷区，该冷区比在可与管路相连的该连接部位上的冷区短。
可电焊的成型件通常是大批量工业化生产的。注塑法是经济的、可良好重复的且质量有保证的方法。唯一的缺点是，制造注塑模的投资成本比较高。构件越大，所需的模具和机器就越笨重。很显然，注塑法在经济和技术上都有局限性。通过与标准管路构件组合地使用本发明的不对称电焊套管，首先在管路直径超过110mm时，节省了注塑设备用模具制造成本。不对称的电焊套管具有尽可能短的结构长度并在工厂里与各自所需的标准管路构件连接起来。
由于在工厂里就将标准管路构件与不对称电焊套管组装起来，因而可以更准确地遵守电焊方法所要求的焊接条件。若在工厂中进行制造，则不需要安全系数。因为在工厂里可以比在最终使用者那里保持更小的制造公差，因而由介质、工艺或管网运营者所提出的各种要求都可以通过较短的结构长度和更紧密的配合来满足。
附图说明
根据附图对本发明的一个实施例进行说明。所示为：
图1：具有二个按本发明的电焊套管的一个管路构件的一个视图；
图2：用于图1所示管路构件的电焊套管的立体图；
图3：通过图2所示电焊套管的一个剖视图；
图4：图3所示电焊管的一个局部放大图；
图5：通过图4所示局部的一个剖视图；
图6：通过图4所示局部的另一个剖视图；
图7：具有按照本发明的电焊套管的一个管路构件的另一个实施例。
具体实施方式
图1表示由一个标准弯管2和两个电焊套管3、3’组成的管路构件1。图1所示的弯管2可以将两个互成90°夹角的直管路段连接起来。通过管路构件1，可以使商业通用的管路相互连接。各管路段基本上就不需要其它的预处理。只是管壁端面应该垂直于管轴线地被切割和/或倒成平面。也可以使用其它的可在市场上得到的管路构件，例如弯的或直的管子、异径转换件、肘管、弯管、T形件或所谓的万向管接头。
电焊套管3各有两个连接部位4、5。用于在工厂里与一个标准管路构件2进行连接的第一连接部位4比由使用者可在工地上与一个在此未示出的管路段进行连接的第二连接部位5短。与第一连接部位4相比，第二连接部位5具有明显可见到的用于电流的接头6、6’。在第二连接部位5处，也可以看到一个熔融指示件7。电焊套管3、3’的结构长度和连接部位4、5是不对称地设计的。
图2是不对称电焊套管3本身的透视图。在电焊套管3的内侧上，可以看到一个阶梯面8或一个用于一根管子的要连接在第二连接部位5上的端部的挡面。也可以看到电焊套管3由两个长度不同的连接部位4、5构成。
图3是不对称电焊套管3的截面图。与焊接套管3的内壁面相邻地示出了两个加热线圈9、10。在第一连接部位4上，一个比较紧密地卷绕的第一加热线圈9没有可看见的电气接头，而在第二连接部位5里，一个比较宽松地卷绕的第二加热线圈10具有用于电流的接头6、6’。在套管3内侧上的所谓冷区11、12在第二连接部位5里要比在第一连接部位4里更长。如图3所示，主要包括第一加热线圈9和第一冷区11的第一连接部位4的长度大约是电焊套管3的总长度的2/7。主要包括第二加热线圈10和第二冷区12的第二连接部位5大约是第一连接部位4的2.5倍长。对冷区11、12来说，可以划分出一个内冷区和一个外冷区。在图3中，在第二连接部位5里，第二内冷区用12a表示，第二外冷区则用12b表示。
与以前对称设计的电焊套管相比，这种电焊套管3的结构长度约缩短了30％。首先，对直径超过110mm的管路来说，长度缩短使重量和材料也大大节省。长度的缩短是可能的，因为标准管路构件2和不对称套管3之间的连接是紧接在注塑件制造后在工厂里而不是由使用者在工地上形成的。在工厂中的条件下，可以更准确地保持焊接条件如用于向第一加热线圈9供电的温度变化情况和用于使待连接部件定位的压紧情况，这就是说，安全系数更小且公差范围更窄。与工地环境不同的是，可在工厂里设有专用安全装置，它允许也能用较高电压和更全面的计算机控制型定位工具来制造连接结构。由于在工厂里遵守和控制焊接条件要比在工地上更准确，因而在工厂里，即使对处于公差范围下限的尺寸来说，也可以保证实现可靠的和符合操作规程的连接。在工厂里进行第一连接部位4的焊接节约了材料和时间。在工地上的工人就可以不太费事和费时并比较可靠地得到连接结构。
通过将管路构件1划分为一个商业通用的标准管路构件2和不对称的电焊套管3，尤其是在管路较粗时，节省了制造成本。不对称的电焊套管3是一个大致呈圆筒形的模制体，它在制造时可以方便地脱模。用于塑料注塑模和芯子的投资成本得以更经济地被充分利用。变向管路构件的脱模变简单了。电焊套管3也可以与被用于其它连接方法的管路构件相连接。
不对称的电焊套管3也可以被设计成以下这样不对称，即这两个连接部位4、5可以用两种不同连接方法连接起来。由最终用户在工地上连接的第二连接部位5通过电焊方法相互连接。对此，可以在市场上得到适合的电焊设备。在工厂里连接的第一连接部位4例如也可以用一种感应焊接方法来连接。感应焊接法很久以前就是众所周知的，但在实践中未在工地上使用过，因为产生感应场的装置比较笨重。另外，在直径大于约110mm的大管路的情况下，所需功率超过通常可在工地上提供使用的发电机功率。
而这些问题在工厂里制造在第一连接部位4处的连接时并不存在。对感应焊接法来说，在套管的第一连接部位4里装入一个由专门制成的金属合金构成的物体，以代替被电流加热的铜丝或由金属合金制成的加热导体9。这种物体可以通过感应场被加热。若该物体达到一个规定温度，则它改变其磁特性并且不能再通过感应场被继续加热了。
图4、5和6表示了不对称的电焊套管3的一些细节。图4示出了第二连接部位5的局部放大图。在第二连接部位5的外周上，示出两个电气插接装置13。在工地上，在电气插接装置上通入电焊法所需的电流。在电焊套管3的外侧面上，也设有一个熔融指示件14。借助熔融指示件7、14，使用者可以在工地上监测到在电焊套管3和管路段之间的焊接部位里的塑料是否已经充分熔化。
在图6的放大图里，也可以看到具有若干圈电阻加热丝16的线圈15，其中该线圈例如为双线并绕布置的。加热线圈9、10也可以通过同时卷绕两根单独导线16被制成相互并排布置的匝，其中这两个单独导线在一端相互连接。在短的第一连接部位4里，不需要插接装置6、13，也不需要熔融指示件7、14，因为该连接部位在工厂里就与标准管路构件进行了连接。在工厂里，必须以其它方式如借助计算机控制的装配来更准确地监控温度和压力条件随时间变化的情况。
不对称的电焊套管3可以通用。为了连接标准管路，电焊套管被设计成至少在第二连接部位5里具有一个与按标准规定的管路直径一致的直径。但是，不对称的电焊套管3也可以被设计用于连接没有普通的标准外形尺寸的连接管路和/或管路构件。在图7的示例中，示出了一种可用于所谓的重新加衬任务的电焊套管3。早已铺设并事后用内衬修理过的管路在修理后在内衬部位里具有与标准不同的外径。借助不对称的电焊套管3，也可以建成由一个有标准外径的管路构件到另一个有非标准外径的构件的过渡。

Claims (8)

1.用于由热塑性塑料制成的管路的连接的电焊套管，所述电焊套管(3)能通过电焊法与管路L连接，并且所述电焊套管(3)的结构是不对称的，所述电焊套管(3)由第一连接部位(4)和第二连接部位(5)构成，其中第一连接部位(4)和第二连接部位(5)直接相互连接，其特征在于，所述电焊套管(3)被设计成在第一连接部位(4)里借助感应焊接方法与管路构件(2)相连，所述电焊套管(3)的第二连接部位(5)能与管路L连接，第二连接部位(5)的内径大于100mm，第二连接部位(5)是第一连接部位(4)的2.5倍长。
2.按权利要求1所述的电焊套管(3)，其特征在于，在第一连接部位(4)上，一个焊接区被设计成比在第二连接部位(5)上的焊接区更短。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的电焊套管，其特征在于，在第一连接部位(4)上，一个冷区(11，12)被设计成比在第二连接部位(5)上的冷区更短。
4.按权利要求1或2所述的电焊套管，其特征在于，电焊套管(3)在内周面上在第一连接部位(4)和第二连接部位(5)之间有一个阶梯面(8)。
5.按权利要求1或2所述的电焊套管。其特征在于，电焊套管(3)在第二连接部位(5)里有至少两个插接装置(6，13)，它们用于使第二加热线圈(10)与外部电源相连。
6.按权利要求1或2所述的电焊套管，其特征在于，电焊套管(3)在第二连接部位(5)里具有至少一个用于监测熔化过程的熔融指示件(7，14)。
7.按权利要求5所述的电焊套管，其特征在于，在第一连接部位(4)中的第一加热线圈(9)和在第二连接部位(5)中的所述第二加热线圈(10)由两个成对并列卷绕的单独导线构成，其中这些单独导线在线匝的一端上相互连接。
8.按权利要求1-7中的至少一项所述的电焊套管的应用，其特征在于，该电焊套管被设计用于连接具有大于100mm的任意外径的管路和/或管路构件。
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