CN1455281A - Infrared refraction and diffraetion two-waveband optical imaging apparatus - Google Patents
Infrared refraction and diffraetion two-waveband optical imaging apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1455281A CN1455281A CN 02118850 CN02118850A CN1455281A CN 1455281 A CN1455281 A CN 1455281A CN 02118850 CN02118850 CN 02118850 CN 02118850 A CN02118850 A CN 02118850A CN 1455281 A CN1455281 A CN 1455281A
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Abstract
The device improves the optical imaging system structure in infrared refraction single band. The invention includes two lens , the refraction and diffraction mixed lens, the cold diaphragm and the image plane. The dual optical lens of the refraction and diffraction mixed lens is introduced into the design of the infrared two-band system successfully. The most common materials: silicon and germanium are utilized. The aberration and chromatic aberration perpendicular to axis of the system are corrected preferably at the two bands 3.2-4.5 micros and 8-11micros. The wave front difference is less than 1/4 wavelength. The optical transfer function is close to or reaches diffraction limit. The invention possesses the advantages of 100% cold diaphragm efficiency, long back working distance, compact structure and high transmissivity.
Description
Technical field: the invention belongs to optical imaging system, relate to a kind of improvement to infrarefraction two waveband optical imaging system structure.
Background technology: infrared radiation mainly contain near infrared (0.75～2.5 μ m) wave band, in infrared (3.2～4.5 μ m) and three atmospheric windows of thermal infrared (8～14 μ m) wave band.Present infrared optical system is most to be certain single band system wherein.The single band imaging technique from the unit to the linear array and the development of focal plane quite perfect, but obtaining message context owing to be confined to single wave band, therefore still have very big deficiency, especially at military aspect, owing to use the difference in zone, the change of climate temperature, the camouflage of target, the information that single wave band obtains just weakens naturally, and owing to the operation of target itself or the change of behavior reason such as cause that radiation wave band moves, make imaging system survey fall short or detection accuracy decline, perhaps form glitch.Thereby abroad, for viability and the discovery unfriendly target that improves self proposed the dual-waveband imaging systematic research very early, make infrared optical system in abundant information, tone interpretation, three-dimensional remote sensing, distinguish true from false, the inhibition of clutter background, counterreconnaissance, anti-stealthy, multiple target tracking and round-the-clock aspect of performance have incomparable advantage, as shown in Figure 1 be exactly a traditional dioptric system structure, include lens 1, lens 2, lens 3.
Summary of the invention: the objective of the invention is to solve traditional refraction type two waveband optical system and exist the adding of achromatism negative lens to make positive light coke enlarge markedly, total system complex structure, huge, heavy; The dioptric system achromatism can make most of refractive surface crooked serious, has strengthened monochromatic aberration.Particularly in two wave bands, because spectral band is wide, the difference of color correction simultaneously problem such as have any problem, the present invention will provide a kind of infrarefraction and diffraction two waveband optical imaging device.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts technical scheme as shown in Figure 2 to comprise lens 1, lens 2, refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3, cold light hurdle 4, picture plane 5, it is characterized in that: on optical axis, be mounted with lens 1, lens 2, refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3, cold light hurdle 4, be equipped with refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 between lens 2 and the cold light hurdle 4, between refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 and picture plane 5, place cold light hurdle 4, lens 1 and lens 2 are refracting elements, surface preparation at refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 has diffraction surfaces 6 and plane of refraction 7, the diffraction surfaces 6 of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 can be placed on the side near cold light hurdle 4, also can be placed on a side of close lens 2 rear surfaces of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3, the placement of the plane of refraction 7 of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 is opposite with diffraction surfaces 6, plane or sphere or aspheric surface are adopted in the substrate of diffraction surfaces 6, lens 2 spherical aberration correctors, aberrations such as coma, the focal power that refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 is finished some is distributed.Lens 1, lens 2, refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 adopt Si and Ge infra-red material to make.
When the present invention works, in the middle of the light of 8～11 mu m wavebands of infrared 3.2～4.5 mu m wavebands and thermal infrared when being positive lens 1 by focal power, the light of these two wave bands converges main generation spherical aberration simultaneously, aberration, a series of aberrations such as coma, divergence of beam has been proofreaied and correct most aberration during the lens 2 by negative power again, spherochromatism, the aspheric surface of lens 2 then can well coordinate to have proofreaied and correct spherical aberration, aberrations such as coma, during at last by refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3, having finished the focal power of most of quantity distributes, basically spherical aberration and coma have been eliminated, at this moment system also remains a part of aberration and spherochromatism, these are all finished and are born the focal power of sub-fraction system by the diffraction surfaces of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3, it is poor to reach the color correction of extraordinary system, color correction spherical aberration effect.
Advantage of the present invention, in light path, add refraction diffraction hybrid lens, because refraction diffraction hybrid lens and traditional refracting element composition refraction/diffraction mixed optical system, light refraction and diffraction two specific characters have in the air been utilized, increase the degree of freedom in the optical design process, can break through many limitations of conventional optical systems.Because diffraction optical element has negative dispersion and positive light coke, show and the incomparable advantage of traditional dioptric system simultaneously.The invention is characterized in the elementary aberration and the spherochromatism of characteristics corrective system in two wave bands of utilizing diffraction lens.Utilize aspheric surface to coordinate lens combination and come spherical aberration corrector and coma.The introducing of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 has reduced the requirement to technological level, makes two waveband system design structure compact more, and the sheet number is few, and transmittance height, back work distance have good school aberration characteristic from length.For the infrared double-waveband optical design provides a cover brand-new system.The total system complex structure of background technology, huge, heavy, problems such as surface curvature is serious, monochromatic aberration is big, color correction difference difficulty have been solved, the present invention has designed a kind of simple in structure, assembling easily, cumulative errors is little, the transmissivity height, cold light hurdle efficient 100%, long back work distance provides infrarefraction diffraction two waveband optical imaging device from helping debuging of infrared system.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a background technology infrarefraction optical system structure synoptic diagram
Fig. 2 is the optical texture principle schematic of an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the image quality analysis figure of the present invention in the 3.2-4.5 mu m waveband
Wherein Fig. 3 A for the axial aberration that hangs down, Fig. 3 B be axial aberration,
Fig. 3 C is that chromatic longitudiinal aberration, Fig. 3 D are that optical transfer function, Fig. 3 E are wavefront difference.
Fig. 4 is the image quality analysis figure of the present invention in the 8-11 mu m waveband
Wherein: Fig. 4 A for the axial aberration that hangs down, Fig. 4 B be axial aberration,
Fig. 4 C is that chromatic longitudiinal aberration, Fig. 4 D are optical transfer function, and Fig. 4 E is a wavefront difference.
Embodiment: accompanying drawing 2 in conjunction with the embodiments, and enforcement of the present invention is described further:
Selecting wave band when system design is 3.2～4.5 μ m, and 8～11 μ m, bore are that 30mm, field angle are that 3 °, system's focal length are the infrared double-waveband system of 67mm.Wherein the material of lens 1 and refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 is selected silicon, and lens 2 are selected germanium.Can also select KCl, KBr, KI, NaCl, CsI, AgCl, ZnS, KRS5, ZnSe, Ge, AMIIR1, GaAs, the wherein combination of certain two kinds of material of CdTe of infrared and thermal infrared in simultaneously saturating for three mirror combined materials.
It is spherical mirror that lens 1 adopt refractor; The front surface of lens 2 may be selected to be sphere, and the rear surface may be selected to be aspheric surface; The front surface of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 may be selected to be aspheric surface, and the binary diffractive optic face can be selected in the rear surface.In concrete enforcement, any one in can selective refraction face 7,8,9,10,11 or several face can be aspheric surface; The diffraction surfaces 6 of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 and plane of refraction 7 can transpositions, and the substrate of diffraction surfaces 6 can be plane or sphere, can be aspheric surfaces also, but according to fabrication process condition, generally select plane or sphere.
Fig. 3 is vertical axial aberration, axial aberration, chromatic longitudiinal aberration, the optical transfer function of optical system of the present invention imaging in the 3.2-4.5 mu m waveband, situation with wavefront difference, the vertical axial aberration that can see the system in the 3.2-4.5 mu m waveband among the figure is 26 μ m to the maximum, the maximum axial aberration is 0.058mm, maximum chromatic longitudiinal aberration is 0.001mm, optical transfer function reaches diffraction limit, and wavefront difference is 0.0326 λ
0
Fig. 4 is vertical axial aberration, axial aberration, chromatic longitudiinal aberration, the optical transfer function of optical system of the present invention imaging in 8-11 μ m (thermal infrared wave band) wave band, situation with wavefront difference, the vertical axial aberration that can see the system in the 8-11 mu m waveband is 40 μ m to the maximum, the maximum axial aberration is 0.105mm, maximum chromatic longitudiinal aberration is 0.0016mm, optical transfer function is near diffraction limit, and wavefront difference is 0.0879 λ
0System in the wavefront difference of two wave bands all less than 1/4 λ
0Less than the standard of image quality evaluation " Rayleigh criterion ", promptly when the maximum differential on actual corrugated and desirable corrugated was no more than λ/4, this corrugated can be regarded as flawless.And optical transfer function reaches or near diffraction limit, so the present invention can actually use.
Claims (2)
1, infrarefraction and diffraction two waveband optical imaging device, comprise lens 1, lens 2, cold light hurdle 4, picture plane 5, it is characterized in that: also include refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3, on with optical axis, be mounted with lens 1, lens 2, refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3, cold light hurdle 4, be equipped with refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 between lens 2 and the cold light hurdle 4, lens 2 spherical aberration correctors, coma, Deng aberration, the focal power that refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 is finished some is distributed, between refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 and picture plane 5, place cold light hurdle 4, lens 1 and lens 2 are refracting elements, surface preparation at refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 has diffraction surfaces 6 and plane of refraction 7, the diffraction surfaces 6 of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 can be placed on the side near cold light hurdle 4, the diffraction surfaces 6 that also can be placed on refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 can be placed on a side of close lens 2 rear surfaces, the placement of the plane of refraction 7 of refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 is opposite with diffraction surfaces 6, and plane or sphere or aspheric surface are adopted in the substrate of diffraction surfaces 6.
2, infrarefraction according to claim 1 and diffraction two waveband optical imaging device is characterized in that: lens 1, lens 2, refraction diffraction hybrid lens 3 adopt Si and Ge infra-red material to make.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 02118850 CN1215350C (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Infrared refraction and diffraetion two-waveband optical imaging apparatus |
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| CN 02118850 CN1215350C (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Infrared refraction and diffraetion two-waveband optical imaging apparatus |
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| CN1455281A true CN1455281A (en) | 2003-11-12 |
| CN1215350C CN1215350C (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101813790A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-08-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | Method for estimating distance of infrared small target by dual-band detector |
| CN102096124A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-06-15 | 南京理工大学 | Infrared aspherical and aplanatic lens device |
| CN102043246B (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2012-05-23 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Intermediate infrared imaging system |
| CN104297898A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-01-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Large-field double-wave harmonic diffractive infrared optical system |
| CN109445069A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-08 | 福建福光天瞳光学有限公司 | Economical infrared no thermalization camera lens and imaging method |
| CN114488508A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-13 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | Long-focus large-caliber compact space telescopic imaging system and imaging device |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100405115C (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2008-07-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Optical imager of refraction and diffraction mixed polarized infrared thermal-imaging system |
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2002
- 2002-04-29 CN CN 02118850 patent/CN1215350C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102043246B (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2012-05-23 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Intermediate infrared imaging system |
| CN101813790A (en) * | 2010-04-08 | 2010-08-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | Method for estimating distance of infrared small target by dual-band detector |
| CN102096124A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-06-15 | 南京理工大学 | Infrared aspherical and aplanatic lens device |
| CN104297898A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-01-21 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Large-field double-wave harmonic diffractive infrared optical system |
| CN104297898B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2017-04-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Large-field double-wave harmonic diffractive infrared optical system |
| CN109445069A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-08 | 福建福光天瞳光学有限公司 | Economical infrared no thermalization camera lens and imaging method |
| CN109445069B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2023-11-14 | 福建福光天瞳光学有限公司 | Economical infrared athermalized lens and imaging method |
| CN114488508A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-13 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | Long-focus large-caliber compact space telescopic imaging system and imaging device |
| CN114488508B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-08-15 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | Long-focal-length large-caliber compact space telescopic imaging system and imaging device |
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| CN1215350C (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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