Folding type light path long wave infrared refrigeration double-view-field lens
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of optics, a two visual field camera lenses of infrared refrigeration of formula light path long wave that turn over for infrared refrigeration detector of long wave are related to.
Background
With the development of the infrared imaging technology, the infrared imaging does not actively emit electromagnetic waves, so that the infrared imaging has extremely strong anti-jamming capability and concealment, and is widely applied to the military field. Infrared imaging detection systems can be classified into a refrigeration type and a non-refrigeration type according to the detector. Compared with a non-refrigeration detector, the refrigeration detector has the advantages that the signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 1-2 orders of magnitude, finer temperature difference can be distinguished, the detection distance is longer, and the refrigeration detector is mainly applied to high-end military applications such as airborne and shipborne infrared detection alarm equipment. The two-gear zooming infrared imaging optical system has two different fields of view, so that target search of a large field of view and tracking of a small field of view can be realized, and irreplaceable effects are exerted in military. Compared with a continuous zooming infrared optical system, the two-gear or multi-gear zooming infrared optical system is simpler and more practical. The method is widely applied to the fields of guidance, monitoring, infrared foresight systems, target detection and tracking and the like. Therefore, the infrared double-view-field lens which adopts two-gear zooming and can be adapted to a plurality of refrigeration detectors has larger requirements. And adopt the design of formula light path structure of turning over, reduce axial length and whole volume greatly, the structure is compacter, more does benefit to the practicality.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a double-view-field lens of infrared refrigeration of formula light path long wave turns over, the technical problem that solve provide an optics small, and the dress is transferred conveniently, and two grades of zoom, imaging quality is high, can the many money refrigeration detector's of adaptation camera lens. The working wavelength band is 7.7-9.3 microns, the focal length is 150mm/300mm, the F number is 2, the total length of the optical system is 583.957mm, and the maximum aperture is 173 mm.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:
a folding type light path long wave infrared refrigeration double-view-field lens sequentially comprises a front fixed group, a zooming group, a first rear fixed group, a first reflection group, a second rear fixed group, a second reflection group, a third rear fixed group, a diaphragm and a detector part from an object space to an image space;
the front fixed group has positive focal power, is a meniscus germanium positive lens with a convex surface facing an object space, is used as a first lens, and has spherical surface types;
the zoom group has negative focal power, comprises a biconcave zinc selenide negative lens serving as a second lens, and the surface of the second lens facing the object side is an aspheric surface; a biconcave negative germanium lens serving as a third lens, wherein the surface types of the negative germanium lens are spherical; the total moving stroke of the two lenses is 21.135 mm;
the first rear fixed group has positive focal power, comprises a meniscus germanium positive lens with a convex surface facing to an image space, and is used as a fourth lens, and the surface facing to an object space is an aspheric surface; a meniscus germanium positive lens with the convex surface facing the image space, which is used as a fifth lens, and the surface facing the object space is an aspheric surface; a meniscus zinc selenide negative lens with a convex surface facing the object space, which is used as a sixth lens, and the surface facing the image space is an aspheric surface; a biconvex germanium positive lens as a seventh lens, wherein the surface types of the positive lens are spherical;
the first reflection group has no focal power, is a plane mirror inclined at 45 degrees with the optical axis, and has a rotation range of +/-2.5 degrees;
the second rear fixed group has positive focal power, comprises a meniscus germanium negative lens with a convex surface facing the image space and serves as an eighth lens, and the surface types of the meniscus germanium negative lens are aspheric surfaces; a meniscus germanium positive lens with the convex surface facing the image space, which is used as a ninth lens, wherein the surface types are spherical;
the second reflection group has no focal power and is a plane mirror inclined at 45 degrees with the optical axis;
the third rear fixed group has positive focal power, and comprises a meniscus zinc selenide positive lens with a convex surface facing an object space, wherein the meniscus zinc selenide positive lens is used as a tenth lens, and the surface facing an image space is an aspheric surface; a plano-convex germanium positive lens with a convex surface facing the object space, which is used as an eleventh lens, wherein the surface types of the plano-convex germanium positive lens are spherical; a plano-convex germanium positive lens with a convex surface facing the object space, which is used as a twelfth lens, wherein the surface types of the plano-convex germanium positive lens are spherical;
a long-wave refrigeration detector part is arranged behind the third rear fixed group and comprises a protection window, a cold screen, a cold diaphragm and an image surface; the protection window is positioned behind the compensation group, the cold screen is positioned behind the protection window, and the cold diaphragm is positioned behind the cold screen.
The object space is the front, and the image space is the back.
The lens satisfies the following parameters:
the effective focal length EFL of the lens is 150/300mm, the F number is 2, the total length of the optical system is 583.957mm, the lens is adapted to various long-wave refrigeration detectors, and the adaptive waveband is 7.7-9.3 mu m.
The horizontal field angle range of the lens is as follows: 2w is 3.67 to 1.83 degrees.
The aspheric surfaces in the lenses of the lens satisfy the following expressions:
where z is the rise of the distance from the aspheric surface vertex when the aspheric surface is at the position of height r in the optical axis direction, c represents the vertex curvature of the surface, k is the conic coefficient α2、α3、α4、α5、α6Are high-order aspheric coefficients.
The surface of the first lens close to the object side is plated with a diamond-like carbon film.
The average MTF of the full field of view of the lens is >0.55@20 lp/mm.
The direction from the object space to the image space is from front to back.
The utility model has the advantages that: the optical system has two-stage zoom, the total length of the optical system is 583.957mm, and the maximum aperture is 173 mm. The maximum lens movement was 21.135 mm. The zoom group is a double-lens group, so that the imaging quality in the field switching process can be better ensured. Meanwhile, a refraction and rotation type light path optical structure is used, so that the structure is compact and the practicability is high. The imaging quality in the whole zooming process is excellent, and the average MTF of the whole field of view is more than 0.55@20 lp/mm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an optical system when the focal length of the convertible optical path long wave infrared refrigeration double-view-field lens provided by the present invention is 300 mm;
fig. 2 is a point diagram of a folded optical path long wave infrared refrigeration double-view-field lens provided by the present invention when the focal length is 300 mm;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the optical transfer function of a folded optical path long-wave infrared refrigeration dual-field lens with a focal length of 300mm (a cut-off resolution of 20 lp/mm);
fig. 4 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the dual field-of-view lens with a folded optical path long wave infrared refrigeration function provided by the present invention, when the focal length is 300 mm;
fig. 5 is a diagram of an optical system when the focal length of the catadioptric optical path long-wave infrared refrigeration double-view-field lens provided by the utility model is 150 mm;
fig. 6 is a point diagram of a folded optical path long wave infrared refrigeration double-view-field lens provided by the present invention when the focal length is 150 mm;
fig. 7 is an optical transfer function diagram (with a cut-off resolution of 20lp/mm) when the focal length of the convertible optical path long wave infrared refrigeration double-view-field lens provided by the utility model is 150 mm;
fig. 8 is a field curvature distortion diagram of the dual field-of-view lens with a focal length of 150mm for the convertible optical path long wave infrared refrigeration provided by the present invention;
the system comprises a 100-object space, an L1-front fixed group, an L2-L3-zoom group, an L4-first rear fixed group, an L5-L6-L7-first rear fixed group, an S15-first reflection group, an L8-L9-second rear fixed group, an S20-second reflection group, an L10-L11-L12-third rear fixed group, a 101-detector protection window, a 102-cold screen, an S17-cold diaphragm and a 103-image plane, and S1-S14, S16-S19 and S21-S26 are all surfaces of a lens.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of examples.
This embodiment is an example of the present invention applied to a field wave refrigeration gaze type focal plane detector.
Fig. 1 and fig. 5 are diagrams of an optical system of the present invention at a focal length of 300mm and 150mm, respectively, and the structures of the lenses are the same, and one of the diagrams is taken as an example for explanation.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes a front fixed group L1 of positive power, a variable power group L2, L3 of negative power, a first rear fixed group L4, L5, L6, L7 of positive power, a first reflection group S15 having no power, a second rear fixed group L8, L9 of positive power, a second reflection group S20 having no power, a third rear fixed group L10 of positive power, L11 and L12, and final detectors 101, 102, S27, 103.
In the front fixed group, L1, the first lens, is a positive lens with a convex surface facing the object space, and is made of germanium single crystal, and both surfaces of the lens are spherical. The zoom group L2 is a second lens and is a biconcave negative lens, the material is zinc selenide, and the surface of the S3 is an aspheric surface; l3, the second lens, is a biconcave negative lens made of germanium single crystal with spherical surfaces. The two lenses are moving lenses, which play a role in zooming, and the total moving stroke is 21.135 mm. In the first rear fixed group, there are four lenses. The lens L4 is a fourth lens, is a meniscus positive lens, is made of germanium single crystal, and has an aspheric S7 surface; the lens L5 is a fifth lens, is a meniscus positive lens, is made of germanium single crystal, and has an aspheric S9 surface; the L6 (sixth lens) is a meniscus negative lens made of zinc selenide, and the surface of the S12 is an aspheric surface; the seventh lens, L7, is a biconvex positive lens made of germanium single crystal, and has spherical surfaces on both surfaces. The first reflection group S15, i.e., the first reflection mirror, is a flat mirror, is inclined at 45 ° to the optical axis, and is made of quartz glass. In the second rear fixed group, there are two lenses. The L8 (eighth lens) is a meniscus negative lens made of germanium single crystal, and both surfaces of the lens are aspheric surfaces; l9, ninth lens, is a negative meniscus lens made of germanium single crystal with spherical surfaces. The second reflection group S20, i.e., the second reflection mirror, is a plane mirror inclined at 45 ° to the optical axis and made of crown glass. In the third rear fixed group, there are three lenses. The L10 lens is a tenth lens and is a meniscus positive lens, the material is zinc selenide, and the surface of the S22 lens is an aspheric surface; l11 is an eleventh lens which is a plano-convex positive lens made of germanium single crystal, and both surfaces of the lens are spherical; l12 is a twelfth lens which is a plano-convex positive lens made of germanium single crystal, and the two surfaces of the lens are spherical surfaces; the long wave refrigeration detector comprises: a protective window 101, a cold screen 102, a diaphragm S27, and an imaging surface 103.
In the fourteen lenses, the surface of the first lens S1 is plated with the diamond-like carbon film, and the diamond-like carbon film needs to be plated for protection because the surface is exposed; the surfaces of the first reflector S15 and the second reflector S20 are plated with high reflection films, because the surfaces need to perform direction turning on light rays, the light energy loss is reduced; and the surfaces of the rest S2-S14, S16-S19 and S22-S26 are plated with antireflection films.
Table 1 does the utility model discloses at focus 300mm, optical structure parameter when 150 mm:
TABLE 1
The aspheric surfaces mentioned in the above twelve lenses are all even aspheric surfaces, and the expression thereof is as follows
Where z is the rise of the distance from the aspheric surface vertex when the aspheric surface is at the position of height r in the optical axis direction, c represents the vertex curvature of the surface, k is the conic coefficient α2、α3、α4、α5、α6Are high-order aspheric coefficients.
Table 2 shows aspheric coefficients of the surfaces S3, S7, S9, S12, S16, S17, and S22:
TABLE 2
Surface of
|
4th
|
6th
|
8th
|
10th
|
12th
|
S3
|
1.622E-07
|
1.489E-10
|
-1.942E-13
|
1.905E-17
|
1.259E-19
|
S7
|
-6.915E-08
|
-1.703E-12
|
4.346E-15
|
-7.258E-18
|
4.992E-21
|
S9
|
-2.129E-07
|
1.116E-10
|
-4.536E-14
|
-3.454E-16
|
5.048E-19
|
S12
|
-5.375E-06
|
3.348E-09
|
2.578E-11
|
-9.773E-14
|
1.110E-16
|
S16
|
6.684E-06
|
-2.673E-09
|
3.576E-11
|
-6.115E-13
|
4.235E-15
|
S17
|
1.463E-06
|
-3.427E-09
|
2.944E-12
|
-1.732E-14
|
3.732E-17
|
S22
|
7.528E-07
|
3.155E-11
|
-3.064E-14
|
2.79E-17
|
-1.315E-20 |
The effects of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to an aberration analysis chart.
Fig. 2-4 are aberration analysis diagrams of the folded optical path long-wave infrared refrigeration dual-field-of-view lens of fig. 1 in a telephoto state according to the specific embodiment, fig. 2 is a point diagram, fig. 3 is an MTF diagram, and fig. 4 is a field curvature distortion diagram.
Fig. 6-8 are aberration analysis diagrams of the folded optical path long-wave infrared refrigeration dual-field-of-view lens of fig. 5 in a short-focus state, fig. 6 is a point diagram, fig. 7 is an MTF diagram, and fig. 8 is a field curvature distortion diagram.
It can be found from the figure that various aberrations of the two fields of view are well corrected, the diffuse spots are corrected to the size of the Airy spots, the MTF is good, and the distortion is less than 2%.
The effective focal length EFL of the lens is 150/300mm, the F number is 2, and the total length of the optical system is 583.957 mm. The horizontal field angle range of the lens is as follows: 2w is 3.67 to 1.83 degrees.
Therefore, the utility model discloses it has good image quality to roll over double-view-field lens of commentaries on classics formula light path long wave infrared refrigeration.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified and equivalents may be substituted; all such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and the present invention and within the scope of the following claims.