CN1454190A - 水泥组合物 - Google Patents

水泥组合物 Download PDF

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CN1454190A
CN1454190A CN01815412A CN01815412A CN1454190A CN 1454190 A CN1454190 A CN 1454190A CN 01815412 A CN01815412 A CN 01815412A CN 01815412 A CN01815412 A CN 01815412A CN 1454190 A CN1454190 A CN 1454190A
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cement
blast furnace
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CN1277779C (zh
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盛冈实
中岛康宏
樋口隆行
高桥光男
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Denka Co Ltd
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Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
    • C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
    • C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
    • C04B7/17—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium oxide containing activators
    • C04B7/19—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
    • C04B18/141—Slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/08—Cooling slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
    • C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种用于土木·建筑业界的水泥组合物，它与普通波特兰水泥有相同的初期强度表现性，由于可减少熟料的焙烧量，因此可作为减少环境负荷型水泥组合物使用。该水泥组合物含有3CaO·SiO2的含量在60％以上的波特兰水泥及高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末，以该水泥组合物为100份计，高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末占10～50份。

Description

水泥组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及主要用于土木·建筑业界的水泥组合物。
另外，本发明使用的份及％，没有特别规定则均按质量计。
背景技术
最近，环境问题成为一个现实问题，要求在各行业减少环境负荷。
在从所有产业放出的二氧化碳中，土木·建筑业界所占的比例极大，因此，特别渴望在土木·建筑业界减少环境负荷。
从水泥产业放出的二氧化碳几乎都来自原料石灰石的焙烧及石灰石焙烧时所使用的燃料的燃烧。
因此，要减少二氧化碳的放出量，减少水泥熟料的焙烧量是最有效的方法，减少水泥的使用量，极为重要的一点是增加混合有各种混合材料的各种混合水泥的利用。
但是，混合水泥存在着初期强度表现性差的问题。
初期强度与脱模周期关系很大，因此对于缩短工期也很重要。现在处于等待开发一种具有下述特征的水泥组合物的状态，该水泥组合物初期强度表现性良好，特别是即使使用的混合材料超过30％，也可得到与普通波特兰水泥同样的强度表现性。
制铁厂的副产物高炉缓慢冷却炉渣虽然在道路底基层及水泥原料上有所利用，但，与产生的量相比，得到利用的仅仅是极少量，其有效的利用方法还处在探索状态。
为了解决上述课题，本发明者经过了深入的研究，结果发现，通过使用一种含有3CaO·SiO2的含量在60％以上的波特兰水泥及高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末的水泥组合物，可使初期强度表现性良好，特别是使用高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末的量在10～50％的水泥组合物，可得到与普通波特兰水泥同样的强度表现性，从而完成了本发明。
发明的公开
本发明为具有下述特征的水泥组合物：它含有3CaO·SiO2的含量在60％以上的波特兰水泥和高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末，本发明还为具有下述特征的水泥组合物：以所述水泥组合物为100份计，高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末的含量占10～50份。
实施发明的最佳方式
以下，对本发明进行更详细的说明。
本发明使用的3CaO·SiO2(以下称C3S)的含量在60％以上的波特兰水泥(以下也称水泥物质)是指C3S的含量在60％以上即可，对3CaO·Al2O3、4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3、2CaO·SiO2及石膏等含量没有特别限定。另外，作为波特兰水泥来说，可使用组成不同的2种以上的波特兰水泥的混合物，这种情况下，C3S的含量是指混合物中所含的各波特兰水泥中C3S含量的加权平均值。
一般情况下，如果用C表示CaO、S表示SiO2、A表示Al2O3及用F表示Fe2O3，则波特兰水泥是由以C2S、C3S、C3A及C4AF为主要成份的熟料和石膏组成，
水泥物质以使用快硬水泥、超快硬水泥等为好，这些可从市场上购买到。
对水泥物质的粒度没有特别限定，但一般较好的是布莱恩粉体比表面积值(以下称布莱恩值)为3,000～8,000cm2/g左右。不满3,000cm2/g时，则有可能达不到本发明的效果，即，得不到与普通波特兰水泥相同的初期强度表现性，而即使是再粉碎到8,000cm2/g，也不会有好的效果。其中，较好的是上述布莱恩值为3,500～6,000cm2/g。
本发明使用的高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末(以下称缓慢冷却炉渣)是经缓慢冷却后结晶化的高炉炉渣。缓慢冷却炉渣一般是通过下述方式得到的：将熔融状态的炉渣灌入干坑或称为田的围场，经自然冷却和适度浇水使之冷却，形成结晶性质的块状炉渣。
对于缓慢冷却炉渣化学成份的比例没有特别限定，但一般作为主要成份的SiO2在25～45％、CaO在30～50％、Al2O3在10～20％、MgO在3～10％左右的范围、其它微量成份Na2O、K2O、Fe2O3、MnO、TiO2、S等的含量各在2％以下的范围。
缓慢冷却炉渣的布莱恩值较好的是超过4,000cm2/g。更好的是超过4,500cm2/g，最好的是超过5,000cm2/g。布莱恩值在4,000cm2/g以下时，会出现达不到抑制渗出(bleeding)的效果这样的情况。另一方面该布莱恩值过大，则混炼水量增多，会出现强度表现性及耐久性变差的情况，因此以8,000cm2/g以下的范围为好。
另外，对缓慢冷却炉渣的玻璃化率没有特别限定，一般为30％以下，以10％以下为好。玻璃化率超过30％，则会出现发热量变大的情况。
本发明所述的玻璃化率(X)是通过X(％)＝(1-S/S0)×100求得的。这里，S为通过粉末X射线衍射法求得的缓慢冷却炉渣中的主要结晶化合物黄长石(钙铝黄长石2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2和镁黄长石(akermanite)2CaO·MgO·2SiO2的固溶体)的主峰面积，S0为为将缓慢冷却炉渣在1000℃经3小时加热后，以5℃/分的冷却速度冷却的黄长石主峰的面积。
缓慢冷却炉渣的成份与高炉水碎炉渣的组成相同，具体来说，主要的化学成份为SiO2、CaO、Al2O3及MgO等，其它还有TiO2、MnO、Na2O、S、Cr2O3、P2O5及Fe2O3等。
另外，在调制缓慢冷却炉渣时，可在粉碎水泥物质的熟料时同时粉碎，也可分别进行粉碎。
对缓慢冷却炉渣的使用量没有特别限定，但一般较好的是以3CaO·SiO2的含量在60％以上的波特兰水泥与高炉缓慢冷却炉渣组成的水泥组合物为100份计，缓慢冷却炉渣为10～50份，更好的为30～40份。如果不满10份，则从减少环境负荷的观点来看不够理想，超过50份，则会出现强度表现性变差的情况。
本发明水泥组合物的粒度可根据使用目的和用途，并无特别限定，但通常布莱恩值为3,000～8,000cm2/g，更好为4,000～6,000cm2/g。在3,000cm2/g以下时强度表现有时不够充分，而超过8,000cm2/g时有时操作性能变差。
本发明的水泥组合物，可在施工时将各材料混合，也可事先混合好备用。
本发明除水泥组合物之外，可与砂及砂石等聚集体、加强纤维材料、脱水剂、高性能脱水剂、高性能AE脱水剂、增粘剂、水泥膨胀材料、防锈剂、防冻剂、膨润土及蒙脱石等粘土矿物、沸石、水滑石、水铝钙石等离子交换体、细粉灰、石灰石粉末、高炉水碎炉渣微粉末以及热解法二氧化硅等在实际上不妨碍本发明目的的范围内同时使用。
以下通过实验例对本发明进行详细说明。
实例1
对由表1所示的水泥物质和缓慢冷却炉渣组成的水泥组合物为100份，混合水5份、砂300份，调制成砂浆，测定砂浆的压缩强度。结果一并记入表1。
实验例1
<使用的材料>
水泥物质A：普通波特兰水泥(CaO：65.29％、SiO2：22.14％、Al2O3：4.91、Fe2O3：2.96％、SO3：1.86％)、C3S的含量为55％、
水泥物质B：快硬波特兰水泥(CaO：66.87％、SiO2：22.34％、Al2O3：4.11％、Fe2O3：2.30％、SO3：2.33％)、C3S的含量为65％、
水泥物质C：水泥物质A50份与水泥物质B50份混合物、C3S的含量为60％、
缓慢冷却炉渣：高炉缓慢冷却炉渣的粉碎物(CaO：39.50％、SiO2：31.70％、Al2O3：14.80％、MgO：7.20％)、布莱恩值为4,500cm2/g、比重为3.00、玻璃化率为2％、
砂：使用日本工业标准R 5201的标准砂
水：水管水
<测定方法>
压缩强度：按照日本工业标准R5210进行测定。
                        表1
   实验No.     水泥物质  缓慢冷却炉渣含量(份)           压缩强度(N/mm2)     备注
 种类  含量(份)     1日    3日     7日
    1-1     A     100     0     10.5     23.0     41.0     比较例
    1-2     A     65     35     7.5     16.2     29.3     比较例
    1-3     B     65     35     13.3     26.4     44.9     实施例
    1-4     C     65     35     11.8     24.7     43.0     实施例
实验例2
除使用表2所示水泥物质B和缓慢冷却炉渣之外，其它以与实验例1相同的方法进行，结果一并记入表2。
                            表2
  实验No.     水泥物质  缓慢冷却炉渣含量(份)             压缩强度(N/mm2)     备注
 种类  含量(份)     1日     3日     7日
  2-1     B     100     0     21.9     40.3     53.2     比较例
  2-2     B     90     10     19.5     39.2     54.1     实施例
  2-3     B     80     20     18.3     36.2     51.3     实施例
  2-4     B     70     30     15.3     31.8     47.1     实施例
  1-3     B     65     35     13.3     26.4     44.9     实施例
  2-5     B     60     40     12.6     25.7     44.3     实施例
  2-6     B     50     50     11.6     24.9     43.2     实施例
产业上利用的可能性
通过使用本发明的组合物，可取得下述效果：与普通波特兰水泥有相同的初期强度表现性，由于可减少焙烧波特兰水泥的熟料的焙烧量，因此可作为减少环境负荷型水泥组合物使用等。

Claims (6)

1.一种水泥组合物，其特征在于，它含有3CaO·SiO2的含量在60％以上的波特兰水泥及高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末。
2.一种水泥组合物，其特征在于，以上述高炉缓慢冷却炉渣粉末与所述波特兰水泥之和为100份计，该高炉缓慢冷却炉渣占10～50份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的水泥组合物，其特征在于，所述波特兰水泥的粒度以布莱恩粉体比表面积值表示，为3,000～8,000cm2/g。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的水泥组合物，其特征在于，所述高炉缓慢冷却炉渣以占25～45％的SiO2、占30～50％的CaO、占10～20％的Al2O3及占3～10％的MgO作为主要成分。
5.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的水泥组合物，其特征在于，所述高炉缓慢冷却炉渣的粒度以布莱恩粉体比表面积值表示，为4,000cm2/g以上。
6.根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的水泥组合物，其特征在于，所述高炉缓慢冷却炉渣的粒度具有30％以上的玻璃化率。
CNB018154123A 2000-09-13 2001-09-13 水泥组合物 Expired - Fee Related CN1277779C (zh)

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