CN1425089A - 纺织材料 - Google Patents
纺织材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1425089A CN1425089A CN00818563A CN00818563A CN1425089A CN 1425089 A CN1425089 A CN 1425089A CN 00818563 A CN00818563 A CN 00818563A CN 00818563 A CN00818563 A CN 00818563A CN 1425089 A CN1425089 A CN 1425089A
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- fabric
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- textile material
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- Granted
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
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- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002979 fabric softener Substances 0.000 description 3
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- IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylbenzyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4] JYIMWRSJCRRYNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RWNUSVWFHDHRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCOCC(C)O RWNUSVWFHDHRCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCO PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSKJLJHPAFKHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 VSKJLJHPAFKHBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHSDVSHRALYMDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,3-dihydroxypropylidene)-1,1-dihydroxyurea Chemical compound OC(O)CC=NC(=O)N(O)O VHSDVSHRALYMDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical group [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RKWGIWYCVPQPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloropropamide Chemical compound CCCNC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RKWGIWYCVPQPMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JRZCGMGYTDEOII-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanedioic acid;2-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O.OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O JRZCGMGYTDEOII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
通过用占织物重量的0.01到2%重量的包括热塑性弹性体的聚合物组合物来涂布处理织物,这样的处理可提高织物的褶皱恢复性能和/或弹性和/或拉伸强度。
Description
本发明涉及纺织材料、为了获得所述纺织材料而进行处理织物的方法、热塑性弹性体用于提高织物的褶皱恢复性能和/或弹性的用途以及包含热塑性弹性体的织物护理组合物。
织物的褶皱几乎是一个清洗织物,例如在家庭的洗衣过程所不可避免出现的结果。织物在穿戴中也会变皱。对于包含纤维素纤维(例如棉)的织物来说,褶皱更是个特殊问题,因为经常很难将褶皱除去。一般在洗涤中形成的褶皱可通过熨烫除去。但是,由于熨烫是一件费时的家务事,因此发展趋势是设计织物使得减少对熨烫的需要和/或减少熨烫所要求的工作。
在WO 96/15309和WO 96/15310中描述了用于减少织物起皱的组合物。所述组合物包括聚硅氧烷和成膜聚合物,显然其中的聚硅氧烷发挥出润滑作用,这就是它们具有抗皱性能的原因。由所提及的各种聚合物均适用于所述组合物的事实支持了这个结论。
已知织物的工业处理可减少它们起皱的趋势。JP-A-04-50234描述了一种织物处理方法,其中通过将所谓的“形状记忆树脂”施用到所述织物上增加平纹棉织物的抗皱能力。但是,这篇文献指出要将占织物重量10%的较高量的树脂施用到所述织物上,并且不清楚这个水平的树脂如何影响织物的其它性能。此外,在用所述树脂处理织物之后,接着实施在80℃下的干燥步骤,并且形状记忆功能被描述为热敏性的,在常温下变形,当在特定的温度下加热时将恢复原状。
在Journal of Applied Polymer Science、第15卷、第341-349页(1971)中,Rawls等描述了聚合物的弹性及其赋予棉织物提高的褶皱恢复的能力之间的关系。将各种不同的弹性体施用到织物上,但具体没有用到热塑性弹性体,以4%和更高的较高水平将所述聚合物施用到织物上。没有迹象表明将较低水平的聚合物施用到织物上会有任何益处,并且没有提出该技术的实际用途。
已知为了获得抗皱性能,可用交联剂处理织物。如甲醛基聚合物的化合物,DMDHEU(二羟甲基二羟基亚乙基脲)和BTCA(丁基-1,2,3,4-四羧酸)可用作交联剂。但是,这些处理具有降低织物拉伸强度的缺点。
本发明的目的是减少织物发生起皱或褶皱的趋势。
本发明还有一个目的是减少一些常规的抗皱处理所赋予的对织物弹性和拉伸强度的有害作用。本发明还将为织物提供一定的形状保持程度。
本发明提供了包括织物的纺织材料,所述织物涂布了占其重量0.01%到2%重量的包括热塑性弹性体的聚合物组合物。用热塑性弹性体涂布织物可提高织物的褶皱恢复性能和弹性。
因此,本发明的另一方面提供了处理织物的方法,包括用占织物重量0.01%到2%重量的包括热塑性弹性体的聚合物组合物涂布织物。本发明还提供了以这些水平的热塑性弹性体来提高织物的褶皱恢复性能和/或弹性和/或拉伸强度的用途。
本发明的其它方面提供了热塑性弹性体在改进织物在多次洗涤后的表面颜色的清晰度的用途。
本发明还提供了包括含热塑性弹性体和与纺织品相容的载体的溶液、分散体或乳液的织物护理组合物和处理织物的方法,所述处理织物的方法包括用本发明的织物护理组合物处理织物,该步骤作为洗衣过程的一部分。所述洗衣过程可为大规模的或小规模的(例如家庭的)洗衣过程。当所述洗衣过程为家庭的洗衣过程时,可将所述组合物包装并贴上这个用途的标签。
优选本发明的纺织材料适合用作衣服或衣服的一部分或全部。所述织物可为编织或针织织物(这两个术语都由本文使用的通称“纺织材料”所覆盖),并且优选包括如50%到100%,例如为75%到100%的纤维素纤维(例如棉)。如果所述织物包含少于100%的纤维素纤维,则余量可为任何天然纤维或合成纤维或其混合物,如聚酰胺或聚酯。
所述聚合物组合物包括热塑性弹性体。所述组合物可包括其它组分,例如其它的聚合物,当将其用于衣服中时,可赋予织物益处。所述组合物可基本上不含润滑聚合物,例如聚硅氧烷。
所述热塑性弹性体最好是非交联的并且优选为嵌段共聚物。所述弹性体可为线性、支化以及辐射或星形的拓扑结构,但是优选为线性的。更优选所述弹性体包括至少两段由一段软嵌段连接的硬嵌段(例如ABA嵌段共聚物)。所述硬嵌段本身(即作为单一的聚合物)在室温下为硬性的材料,但是在加热时变成流体。所述软嵌段包括自身在室温下为橡胶状的较软的材料。优选所述硬嵌段占聚合物重量的2到98%,更优选5到95%,最优选10到90%。
所述聚合物可方便地具有1,000到2,000,000,优选为2,000到1,000,000并且最优选为3,000到500,000的分子量。
优选热塑性弹性体的硬嵌段包括芳环,任选取代芳环。因此,所述硬嵌段可为例如苯乙烯或苯乙烯衍生物的聚合物或共聚物。可供选择的硬嵌段包括例如包含聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)的聚合物和共聚物。
所述软嵌段可方便地为支化或非支化的C2到C6的烯烃、C4到C8的链二烯、C2到C6的亚烷基二醇或C2到C8的烯化氧的聚合物或共聚物。所述软嵌段优选为乙烯、丙烯、丁烷、丁二烯(顺式或反式)或异戊二烯(顺式或反式)的聚合物或共聚物。如果所述软嵌段为丁二烯或异戊二烯的聚合物或共聚物,则可将丁二烯或异戊二烯残基完全或部分氢化。
适合的热塑性弹性体包括以下嵌段共聚物:苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯、苯乙烯-乙烯/丁二烯-苯乙烯、苯乙烯-乙烯-苯乙烯、苯乙烯-乙烯/丙烯-苯乙烯、苯乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯以及苯乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯;和选自以下的嵌段聚合物:聚氨酯、聚酯、聚酰胺和聚丙烯/乙烯-丙烯。
本发明中将热塑性弹性体施用于所述织物中,使得将占织物重量0.01%到2%重量的热塑性弹性体涂布在所述织物上。使用例如0.01%到1.5%,优选0.01%到1%,更优选0.1%到1%的较低水平的热塑性弹性体是有利的。一般所述热塑性弹性体至少部分涂布在单独的纤维上。以这些水平施用,织物保持了适用于衣服的物理性能(也就是织物整体的手感和外观基本上保持不变),但是,出乎意料的是所述织物提高了褶皱恢复性能。
根据本发明处理的织物较没有如此处理的织物提高了褶皱恢复性能。织物的处理一般降低了织物保持褶皱的趋势。因此,在经过本发明处理之后,褶皱恢复角度增加了,褶皱恢复角度为织物在变皱后回复其原始形状的程度的度量。在常规的家庭洗衣过程中,经过洗涤和干燥之后,所述织物可能仍需要一定程度的处理(例如通过熨烫)来减少其褶皱。但是,根据本发明处理的织物与未处理的织物相比,前者需要通过熨烫来减少褶皱的量一般少于后者。可以理解对减少褶皱(如需要的熨烫)的量的任何减少都是有益的。
优选本发明的方法包括将热塑性弹性体的溶液(在适合的溶剂中例如有机溶剂,如甲苯或THF中)或乳液施用到织物上的步骤。所述溶液可通过常规方法例如浸渍、喷雾或浸透来施用到织物上。
本发明的织物护理组合物包括含热塑性弹性体和与纺织品相容的载体的溶液、分散体或乳液。所述与纺织品相容的载体有利于织物与热塑性弹性体之间的接触。所述与纺织品相容的载体可为水或表面活性剂,但当其为水时,必须存在香料。在洗衣机的洗涤或漂洗循环中使用的组合物中,非常优选所述与纺织品相容的载体为阳离子表面活性剂,更优选为阳离子柔软剂。
如果本发明的织物护理组合物为热塑性弹性体的分散体或乳液的形式,或者如果在本发明的方法中,使用热塑性弹性体的分散体或乳液,那么为了获得本发明的益处,必须将经过所述组合物处理的织物加热到高于弹性体的硬嵌段的Tg的温度。加热所述经过处理的织物可作为单独的加热步骤来实施,或者可成为洗衣过程中的一部分,例如在织物的干燥期间(例如在滚筒干燥机中)实施,或者更优选在熨烫织物时实施。或者,为了避免加热或为了降低获得本发明的优点所要求的加热步骤的温度,可用增塑剂或聚结剂来降低所述热塑性弹性体的Tg。
本发明的方法可作为织物处理在织物做成衣服之前或之后实施,为工业纺织品处理方法的一部分。或者,它可作为喷雾组合物来提供,例如用于独立于常规的家庭洗衣过程的家庭(或工业)对织物的处理中。
或者,在本发明的方法中,所述处理可作为洗衣方法的一部分来实施。适合的洗涤法包括大规模的和小规模的(例如家庭的)方法。例如,这种方法可包括使用本发明的织物护理组合物。本发明的织物处理组合物可为主要的洗涤剂组合物,在这种情况下,所述与纺织品相容的载体可为洗涤剂并且所述组合物可包括其它的添加剂,这些添加剂为在主要的洗涤剂组合物中常规使用的添加剂。或者,优选所述织物护理组合物适用于家庭洗衣过程的漂洗循环中,例如织物调理组合物或添加剂,并且所述与纺织品相容的载体可为织物调理化合物(例如四元烷基铵盐化合物)或仅为水,并且常规的添加剂(如香料)可存在于所述组合物中。
在用于家庭的组合物中还包括增塑剂是有益的。在本发明的上下文中,增塑剂为任何能够改进热塑性弹性体的流动性能的材料。适合的增塑剂包括C12-C20的醇、乙二醇醚、邻苯二甲酸酯和automatic烃。如果所述组合物包括香料将是非常有益的。洗涤剂活性化合物
如果本发明的织物护理组合物是洗涤剂组合物的形式,则与纺织品相容的载体可选自皂和非皂阴离子、阳离子、非离子、两性和两性离子洗涤剂活性化合物及其混合物。
许多适合的洗涤剂活性化合物都是可商业可得的,并且在文献中有全面的描述,如在Schwartz,Perry和Berch的“Surface-ActiveAgents and Detergents”,I和II卷中。
可以使用的优选的与纺织品相容的载体为皂和合成非皂阴离子和非离子化合物。
阴离子表面活性剂是本领域技术人员所熟知的。例子包括烷基苯磺酸盐,优选具有C8-C15的烷基链长的线性烷基苯磺酸盐;伯和仲烷基硫酸盐,特别是C8-C15伯烷基硫酸盐;烷基醚硫酸盐;烯烃磺酸盐;烷基二甲苯磺酸盐;二烷基磺基丁二酸盐;和脂肪酸酯磺酸盐。通常优选钠盐。
可以使用的非离子表面活性剂包括伯和仲醇乙氧基化物,特别是每摩尔醇中平均具有1-20摩尔环氧乙烷的C8-C20脂族醇乙氧基化物,更特别是每摩尔醇中平均具有1-10摩尔环氧乙烷的C10-C15伯和仲脂族醇乙氧基化物。非乙氧基化的非离子表面活性剂包括烷基聚苷、甘油单醚和多羟基酰胺(葡糖酰胺)。
可以使用的阳离子表面活性剂包括通式为R1R2R3R4N+X-的季铵盐,其中R基团独立为C1-C22长度的烃基链,典型的为烷基、羟基烷基或乙氧基化的烷基;X为加溶阳离子(例如其中R1为C8-C22烷基、优选C8-C10或C12-C14烷基,R2为甲基,R3和R4相同或不同,为甲基或羟基乙基的化合物)、阳离子酯(例如胆碱酯)以及吡啶鎓盐。
组合物中洗涤剂表面活性剂的适合的总量为0.1-60%重量,例如0.5-55%重量,如5-50%重量。
优选阴离子表面活性剂(当存在时)的量占总的组合物的1-50%重量。更优选阴离子表面活性剂的量为3-35%重量,例如5-30%重量。
优选非离子表面活性剂(当存在时)的量为2-25%重量,更优选为5-20%重量。
也可以使用两性表面活性剂,例如氧化胺或甜菜碱。
所述组合物可以适当包含10-70%,优选15-70%重量的助洗剂。优选助洗剂的量为15-50%重量。
所述洗涤组合物还可以包含结晶硅铝酸盐作为助洗剂,优选碱金属硅铝酸盐,更优选硅铝酸钠。
通常以10-70%重量(以无水基础计算),优选25-50%的量掺入硅铝酸盐。硅铝酸盐为具有以下通式的物质:
0.8-1.5M2O·Al2O3·0.8-6SiO2其中M为一价阳离子,优选为钠。这些物质含有一些结合水,要求其具有至少50mg CaO/g的钙离子交换能力。优选的硅铝酸钠在上式中包含1.5-3.5SiO2单元。如文献的详细描述,它们可以通过硅酸钠和铝酸钠之间的反应容易地进行制备。织物软化剂和/或调理剂化合物
如果本发明的织物护理组合物为织物调理剂组合物的形式,则所述与纺织品相容的载体将为织物软化和/或调理化合物(以下称为“织物软化化合物”),该化合物可以是阳离子或阴离子化合物。
所述软化和/或调理化合物可以是不溶于水的季铵化合物。该化合物可以以最高可达8%重量(基于组合物的总量计算)的量存在。在这种情况下,所述组合物是相当稀的;或者以8%-约50%重量的水平存在,在这种情况下,所述组合物是相当浓的。
如果以适当的形式使用,适合在漂洗循环期间传递的组合物还可以在滚筒干燥机中被传递于织物上。由此,另一种产品形式为适合于在滚筒干燥机循环期间涂布到基质如软性薄片或海绵或适当的分配器上并从它们进行传递的组合物(例如膏体)。
适当的阳离子织物软化化合物基本上是不溶于水的季铵物质,该物质包含平均链长大于或等于C20的单烷基或链烯基长链,或者更优选为包含极性首基和平均链长大于或等于C14的两个烷基或链烯基链的化合物。优选所述织物软化化合物具有两条各自的平均链长大于或等于C16的长链烷基或链烯基链。最优选至少50%的长链烷基或链烯基具有C18或更长的链长。优选织物软化化合物的长链烷基或链烯基主要为线性的。
具有两个长链脂族基团的季铵化合物,例如二硬脂基二甲基氯化铵和二(硬化牛油烷基)二甲基氯化铵广泛用在商品漂洗调理剂组合物中。这些阳离子化合物的其它例子可参见Schwartz,Perry和Berch的“Surface-Active Agents and Detergents”,I和II卷。这类化合物的任何常规类型都可用于本发明的组合物中。
优选织物软化化合物为提供优异软化作用的化合物,其特征在于链熔融Lβ-Lα转变温度高于25℃,优选高于35℃,最优选高于45℃。该Lβ-Lα转变可通过DSC进行测定,如在“Handbook of LipidBilayers”,D Marsh,CRC Press,Boca Raton,Florida,1990(137和337页)中的定义。基本上不溶于水的织物软化化合物定义为具有在20℃的软化水中小于1×10-3%重量的溶解度的织物软化化合物。优选所述织物软化化合物的溶解度小于1×10-4%重量,更优选小于1×10-8%重量至1×10-6%重量。
特别优选为阳离子织物软化化合物,该化合物为不溶于水的季铵物质,具有通过至少一个酯键,优选两个酯键连接到分子上的两个C12-22烷基或链烯基。一种特别优选的酯键连接的季铵物质可由式II表示:其中R1基团各自独立选自C1-4烷基或羟基烷基或者C2-4链烯基;R2基团各自独立选自C8-28烷基或链烯基;并且其中R3为1-5个碳原子的线性或支化亚烷基;T为或
p为0或者为1-5的整数。
二(牛油酰氧基乙基)二甲基氯化铵和/或其硬化牛油类似物是特别优选的式(II)化合物。
第二类优选的季铵物质可由式(III)表示:其中R1、p和R2如上定义。
如果季铵物质生物可降解的则较为有利。
优选的这类物质如氯化1,2-双(硬化牛油酰氧基)-3-三甲基铵丙烷及它们的制备方法在例如US 4 137 180(Lever Brothers Co)中描述。如US 4 137 180所述,优选这些物质包含少量的相应的单酯,例如氯化1-硬化牛油酰氧基-2-羟基-3-三甲基铵丙烷。
其它有用的阳离子软化剂有烷基吡啶鎓盐和取代的咪唑啉类。伯、仲和叔胺以及脂肪酸与烷基聚胺的缩合产物也是有用的。
所述组合物可二者择一地或者附加地包含水溶性阳离子织物软化剂,如GB 2 039 556B(Unilever)所述。
所述组合物可包含阳离子织物软化化合物和油,如在EP-A-0829531中的公开。
所述组合物可二者择一地或者附加地包含非离子织物软化剂,如羊毛脂及其衍生物。
卵磷脂也是适合的软化化合物。
非离子软化剂包括形成Lβ相的糖酯(如M Hato等人在Langmuir12,1659,1666,(1996)中所述)和相关的物质,如甘油单硬脂酸酯或脱水山梨糖醇酯。这些物质常常与阳离子物质结合使用以帮助沉积(参见例如GB 2 202 244)。在漂洗处理中以类似方式将聚硅氧烷用作阳离子软化剂的辅助软化剂(参见例如GB 1 549 180)。
所述组合物还可适当包含非离子稳定剂。适合的非离子稳定剂为被10-20摩尔烯化氧烷氧基化的线性C8-C22醇、C10-C20醇或它们的混合物。
非离子稳定剂为被10-20摩尔烯化氧烷氧基化的线性C8-C22醇较为有利。优选非离子稳定剂的量在0.1-10%重量,更优选0.5-5%重量,最优选1-4%重量的范围内。季铵化合物和/或其它阳离子软化剂与非离子稳定剂的适当摩尔比为40∶1-约1∶1,优选为18∶1-约3∶1。
所述组合物还可包含脂肪酸,例如C8-C24烷基或链烯基一羧酸或其聚合物。优选使用饱和脂肪酸,特别是硬化牛油C16-C18脂肪酸。优选脂肪酸为非皂化的,更优选脂肪酸是游离的,例如油酸、月桂酸或牛油脂肪酸。优选脂肪酸物质的量大于0.1%重量,更优选大于0.2%重量。浓缩组合物可含0.5-20%重量,更优选1%-10%重量的脂肪酸。优选季铵物质或其它阳离子软化剂与脂肪酸物质的重量比为10∶1-1∶10。
所述织物调理组合物可以包括聚硅氧烷,如主要为线性的聚二烷基硅氧烷,例如含有胺-官能化侧链的聚二甲基硅氧烷或聚氨基硅氧烷;去污聚合物,如聚环氧乙烷和对苯二甲酸酯的嵌段共聚物;两性表面活性剂;蒙脱石型无机粘土;两性离子季铵化合物;和非离子表面活性剂。
所述织物调理组合物还可包括一种产生珠光外观的试剂,例如有机珠光化合物,如二硬脂酸乙二醇酯;或者无机珠光颜料,如微细云母或二氧化钛(TiO2)涂覆的云母。
所述织物调理组合物可以是乳液或其乳液前体的形式。
其它任选成分包括乳化剂、其含量优选为0.01-5%重量的电解质(例如氯化钠或氯化钙)、pH缓冲剂和香料(优选0.1-5%重量)。
其他任选的组分包括非水溶剂、香料载体、荧光剂、着色剂、水溶助长剂、消泡剂、抗再沉积剂、酶、光亮增白剂、遮光剂、染料转移抑制剂、抗收缩剂、抗皱剂、防污剂、杀菌剂、杀真菌剂、抗氧化剂、UV吸收剂(防晒剂)、重金属螯合剂、除氯剂、染料固定剂、防腐剂、垂褶性赋予剂(drape imparting agents)、抗静电剂和熨烫助剂。上述所列物质并不是全部。织物处理产品
本发明的织物护理组合物可为液态、固态(例如粉末或片)、凝胶或膏体、喷雾剂、条或泡沫或摩丝。例子包括浸泡产品、漂洗处理产品(如调理剂或整理剂)或主洗产品。所述组合物也可被施用于基质(例如柔软的片)或用于可在洗涤循环、漂洗循环或干燥机循环期间使用的分配器中。
本发明不仅有增加织物的褶皱恢复角度的优点,也有提高织物的拉伸强度的优点。过去通过例如在织物本身中包括热塑性弹性体纤维(如莱卡(商标)纱)来提高织物的拉伸强度。意想不到是根据本发明用热塑性弹性体涂布纤维可提供改进的防褶皱性能和提高的拉伸强度。这样的效果是特别令人惊奇的,因为许多常规的用于改进织物的防褶皱性能的处理具有降低织物的拉伸强度的反作用,当所述处理包括交联所述织物时更是如此。
根据本发明处理的织物还具有在多次洗涤后具有改进的表面颜色的清晰度(colour definition)的益处。因此,可改进织物在多次洗涤后的整体外观。虽然不希望受理论束缚,但是相信这个护理颜色的益处可归因于在处理过的织物中的纤维发生原纤化的趋势减小的缘故。
如果在施用本发明的组合物之后,实施一个固化过程例如熨烫或滚筒干燥则是优选的。
在仅用来举例说明的附图中:
图1显示了两种不同热塑性弹性体在拉力与伸长率的关系中的作用,两种弹性体为聚(苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯)(PSBS)和聚(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯)(PSIS),当将根据本发明用1%owf(按织物重量)的热塑性弹性体处理的编织棉织物拉伸和松弛时,图1中显示出滞后;并且
图2显示了用本发明的针织棉织物重复图1的实验的结果。
以下的非限定性实施例举例说明了本发明。
实施例试验程序
将每种热塑性弹性体(聚合物)溶于甲苯或四氢呋喃,得到所需的聚合物溶液浓度。将经过预洗的编织棉被单布(sheeting)称重,放入装有所述聚合物溶液的烧杯中并且搅拌10分钟,以确保所述溶液渗透到棉被单布中。然后取出所述棉被单布,让多余的溶剂流干,称重,并且在空气中干燥。从织物浸入所述溶液之前和之后的重量,可计算出织物上的聚合物的百分比。将经过干燥的被单布烫平,然后在65%的相对湿度和20℃中调湿至少24小时。在下面所有的实施例中除实施例22之外,其余都使用这种处理方法。
使用基于AATC测试方法66-1990的“Shirley褶皱恢复角度测试仪”来测定褶皱恢复角度。制备50mm×25mm的样品,将其对折并放在1kg的载荷下60s。测定将样品完全打开60s之后的角度。在织物的经线和纬线方向上都实施六次测量并取平均值。从经线和纬线的平均值的和可确定褶皱恢复角度。
根据BS 4303:1968来测定wing rip撕裂强度。
当将样品拉伸并松弛时,使用Testometric(商标)试验机可得到拉力与伸长的关系图,由从中观察到的滞后可对比弹性回复。
样品尺寸:170mm×80mm
拉伸面积:100mm×25mm
伸长速率:100mm.min-1
测定:施加1.0千克力并且松弛至0.0千克力
实施例1-13
表1显示了在用1%的聚合物处理之前(对比)和处理之后对织物的褶皱恢复角度(CRA)与拉伸强度的影响。
表1.使用织物重量的1%聚合物得到的褶皱恢复角度
和拉伸强度的结果
实施例 | 聚合物(1%owf) | CRA(°)a | 拉伸强度(kgf)b | |
对比样 | 130 | 1.22 | ||
1 | P(SIS) | 178 | 1.31 | |
2 | P(SBS) | 167 | 1.29 | |
3 | Kraton DTM | 1102 CS | 174 | 1.42 |
4 | 1161 NS | 176 | 1.43 | |
5 | 1186 CS | 179 | 1.25 | |
6 | 1101 CS | 174 | 1.49 | |
7 | Kraton GTM | 1650 E | 155 | 1.22 |
8 | 1726 X | 151 | 1.26 | |
9 | 1702 X | 157 | 1.38 | |
10 | 1701 E | 150 | 1.21 | |
11 | Kraton GTM | 1901 X | 156 | 1.34 |
12 | 1901 X2 | 167 | 1.38 | |
13 | 1901X(CAT) | 163 | 1.33 |
a褶皱恢复角度使用Shirley的褶皱恢复角度测试仪(经线和纬线值的和)测定。
b使用Wing Rip Tear Test BS 4303:1968测定。聚合物Kraton D、G和FG(商标)为从Shell UK.获得的热塑性弹性体。P(SIS)和P(SBS)从Aldrich Chemical Co.Ltd获得。实施例14
将不同水平的P(SIS)聚合物施用于所述织物上重复所述使用P(SIS)的试验。
表2CRA对PSIS水平的依赖关系
实施例15
PSIS(%owf) CRA(°)0 1460.5 1841 1972 202 |
用PSBS代替PSIS,重复实施例14的方法。与上述的一样,也测定经过处理的织物的拉伸强度。在表3中给出所得的结果。使用与实施例14中不同批次的织物,这得到未处理织物的不相同的CRA。
表3CRA和拉伸强度对PSBS水平的依赖关系
PSBS(%owf) | CRA(°) | 拉伸强度(Kgf) |
00.10.250.51 | 135157160174190 | 1.241.281.361.451.63 |
表3显示用0.1%owf的作为热塑性弹性体的PSBS处理,可获得改进的CRA和拉伸强度。
在较低水平(0.1%)时,可明显提高CRA并且当施用更多的聚合物时,所述值可继续得到提高。
实施例16
在用所述聚合物处理的织物上实施关于弹性回复的研究。
图1显示了聚(苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯)、PSBS和聚(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯)、PSIS在拉力对伸长的关系中的作用,当在经线方向拉伸和松弛所述织物时,显示出发生滞后。两种聚合物的用量都为2%owf。当施用了所述聚合物时,与对比样相比,显然前者的滞后闭合线面积减少了。这与样品的弹性回复的增加相对应。
表4通过显示图1中闭合线的面积来量化其中所显示的滞后面积的区别。
表4图1的滞后闭合线的面积
样品 | 面积 |
对比样P(SBS)P(SIS) | 1.090.550.68 |
由聚(苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯)、PSBS和聚(苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯)、PSIS的面积可以看出,处理过的明显低于对比样,这表示弹性损耗较低,因此有较高的弹性回复。
实施例17
在织物上使用不同水平的PSBS重复实施例16的研究。在表5中显示了滞后闭合线中的面积。使用与实施例16不同批次的织物,得到未处理织物的不同的面积。
表5滞后闭合线的面积随PSBS的水平变化的关系
PSBS(%owf) | 面积 |
00.512 | 0.870.690.630.48 |
在表5中给出的数据显示,当用不同水平的PSBS处理所述织物时,可获得较低的弹性损耗,因此可获得较高的弹性回复。实施例18
通过使用2%owf的PSBS并且用针织棉织物代替编织棉织物来重复实施例17。在图2中显示了对比样品(未处理)与用2%owf的PSBS处理的样品的滞后闭合线。表明用PSBS处理后的织物的弹性回复较好。
实施例19
研究了PSBS处理对编织棉织物的褶皱恢复的影响。将PSBS以0%(对比样)到2%owf的水平施用到所述织物上,并且将经过处理的样品如前面描述的一样进行调湿。将调湿后的织物切割成20×30cm的片并放到褶皱恢复测试仪(James Heal & Co.Ltd,UK)上。在没有施加额外的重量下,挤压所述织物20s。由10位专家组成员根据AATCCWrinkle Recovery Replicas来评价褶皱的强度。每个样品重复4次。较高的AATCC分数表示较少褶皱。在表6中给出了所述结果。
表6PSBS处理对棉织物的褶皱恢复的影响
PSBS(%owf) | AATCC的分数 |
00.512 | 2.502.642.873.02 |
这个例子表明,当PSBS的水平提高时,褶皱恢复也会增加。
实施例20
为了研究经过处理的织物在水中的稳定性,将PSBS以2%owf的水平施用到编织棉织物上。
将经过处理的织物样品放在水中,搅拌3小时。如上所述,将所述样品干燥并调湿,然后测定作为对比的(未处理的)织物和经过处理的织物在水中搅拌之前及之后的滞后面积。在表8中给出了所述结果。
表8润湿经过PSBS处理的棉织物对滞后面积的影响
样品 | 面积 |
对比样PSBSPSBS,湿的 | 0.810.350.32 |
滞后面积没有明显的变化,表明所述处理是防水的。
实施例21
实施用PSBS处理对洗涤/干燥循环期间的编织棉织物的起皱的影响的研究。
将四个印刷的棉被单布的样品(50×50cm)切成规定的大小,并且用2%owf的PSBS处理。将四个类似的样品切成规定的大小,用作对比样品。在前装式洗衣机中用50g Persil Non-Biological(商标)的洗衣粉洗涤样品。将棉床单布用作压舱物,使总载荷达到1.25kg。然后在滚筒干燥机中干燥洗涤的载荷。总共实施三次洗涤/干燥过程。在所述过程的最后(第三次干燥循环),将所述样品小心地从转筒式干燥机中取出并放在不会使所述织物平滑移出的平面上。然后评估所述样品相对的起皱程度。
四个对比样品具有相似严重的起皱水平。三个PSBS样品明显地具有比对比样品少的褶皱并且一个样品具有与对比样品相似的褶皱。因此,总的来说,用PSBS处理的样品在三次洗涤/滚筒干燥循环之后具有明显较少的褶皱。
实施例22
用水分散的热塑性弹性体Prinlin B7216A(商标)代替溶剂可溶的PSBS来处理编织棉织物,其中Prinlin B7216A可从美国的Pierce andStevens Corp.获得。
将分散体在水中稀释,施用于所述织物上并且将其在滚筒干燥机中干燥。然后熨烫所述样品(冷熨:设置为合成档,或热熨:设置为棉档)或在烘箱中加热(130℃、1小时)。然后将所述样品调湿并测试弹性回复。在表9中显示了所述结果。
表9 PrinlinTM和热处理对滞后面积的影响
样品 | 面积 |
对比样冷熨热熨烘箱 | 0.960.830.710.42 |
所述数据显示,一旦将所述织物加热到热塑性弹性体的硬嵌段的玻璃化转变温度以上的温度时,Prinlin(商标)具有与在甲苯中施用的PSBS相似的效果。
实施例23
本发明的处理在洗涤/干燥循环之后保色的效果可通过使用实施例21中获得的样品来评价。印刷的织物包括红色着色区和黑色着色区,并且分别研究了这两个不同着色区的颜色。
洗涤/干燥所述样品(对比样和用2%owfPSBS处理的样品)三次。使用Spectraflash(商标)分光光度计测定颜色的变化,将其作为ΔE值(与新织物相比颜色的变化值)。ΔE越接近0,经过洗涤的样品就越接近新的织物。在表10中给出了所述结果。表10PSBS处理对颜色保持的影响
样品 | ΔE(黑) | ΔE(红) |
对比样经过PSBS处理 | 4.24.1 | 6.75.1 |
所述数据显示PSBS处理可在红色区域给出明显较小的ΔE值,因此改进了织物的外观。实施例24
稀释水分散的热塑性弹性体、Prinlin B7138AF(商标)直到得到2%重量的聚合物固含量,其中Prinlin B7138AF可从美国Pierce andStevens Corp获得。向这个溶液中加入各种类型的增塑剂,所述增塑剂的含量为聚合物固体的30%重量。将这个溶液施用于织物上(赋予织物重量2%的聚合物),并且在75℃的烘箱中干燥。然后调湿所述样品并且测试斜线方向(与经线成45°)的弹性回复。在表11中显示了所述结果。
表11-PrinlinTM和增塑剂对滞后面积的影响
实施例25和28
样品 | 面积 |
对比样(仅有水) | 0.58 |
B7138AF+香料 | 0.44 |
B7138AT+二甲苯 | 0.41 |
B7138AF+Texanol | 0.37 |
B7138AF+丙二醇丁醚 | 0.44 |
B7138AF+邻苯二甲酸苄丁酯 | 0.47 |
根据表12的配方制备漂洗调理剂的制剂。表12
%重量,实施例25 | 实施例26 | |
Prinlin B 7138 AF | 5.00 | 10.0 |
非离子型C12-C18 1-10 EO | 0.25 | 0.75 |
二(牛油酰氧基)二甲基氯化铵 | 4.20 | 13.50 |
次要成分+水 | 至100% |
Claims (24)
1.纺织材料,所述纺织材料包括织物,所述织物涂布有占其重量的0.01%到2%重量的包括热塑性弹性体的聚合物组合物。
2.权利要求1所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述弹性体的存在量占织物重量的0.1%到1%重量。
3.权利要求1或2所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述织物为编织织物或针织织物。
4.权利要求1到3中任一项所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述织物包括棉。
5.权利要求1到4中任一项所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述弹性体为非交联的。
6.权利要求1到5中任一项所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述弹性体为嵌段共聚物。
7.权利要求6所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述弹性体包括至少两段通过一段软嵌段连接的硬嵌段。
8.权利要求7所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述硬嵌段包括芳环,任选取代芳环。
9.权利要求8所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述弹性体包括苯乙烯或其衍生物的聚合物或共聚物的硬嵌段。
10.权利要求7到9中任一项所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述弹性体包括支化或非支化的C2到C6的链烯、C4到C8的链二烯、C2到C6的亚烷基二醇或C2到C8的烯化氧的聚合物或共聚物的软嵌段。
11.权利要求10所要求保护的纺织材料,其中所述软嵌段为乙烯、丙烯、丁烷或丁二烯的聚合物或共聚物。
12.处理织物的方法,所述方法包括将占织物重量0.01%到2%重量的包括热塑性弹性体的聚合物组合物涂布在所述织物上。
13.权利要求12所要求保护的方法,所述方法包括将热塑性弹性体的溶液或乳液施用到所述织物上的步骤。
14.权利要求12或13所要求保护的方法,其中所述经过处理的织物为权利要求1到11中任一项的纺织材料。
15.热塑性弹性体在提高织物的褶皱恢复性能和/或弹性和/或拉伸强度中的用途,其中所述热塑性弹性体的含量占织物重量的0.01%到2%重量。
16.热塑性弹性体在改进经过多次洗涤后织物表面颜色的清晰度的用途。
17.织物护理组合物,所述织物护理组合物包括含热塑性弹性体和与纺织品相容的载体的溶液、分散体或乳液。
18.权利要求17的织物护理组合物,其中所述与纺织品相容的载体为阳离子软化剂。
19.权利要求17或18的织物护理组合物,所述织物护理组合物还包括增塑剂。
20.权利要求17到19中任一项的织物护理组合物,所述织物护理组合物还包括香料。
21.权利要求17到20中任一项所要求保护的织物护理组合物在权利要求12到14中任一项的方法中的用途。
22.处理织物的方法,所述方法包括用权利要求17或权利要求21的织物处理组合物处理所述织物,所述处理步骤作为洗衣过程的一部分。
23.权利要求22所要求保护的方法,其中在漂洗循环中使用所述组合物处理所述织物。
24.权利要求22或23所要求保护的方法,其中在将所述组合物施用于所述织物上之后,熨烫或干燥所述织物。
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GB0207742D0 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2002-05-15 | Unilever Plc | Fabric care composition |
US20060108560A1 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2006-05-25 | Mavinkurve Amar A | Composition for improving wrinkle resistance in fabrics, wrinkle-reducing active ingredient as used in such a composition, and cartridge containing such composition |
US7815691B2 (en) | 2002-11-26 | 2010-10-19 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Compound and method to improve wrinkle resistance in fabrics, and fabric provided with said compound |
US11937653B2 (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2024-03-26 | Vitiprints, LLC | Smart mask |
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GB1062422A (en) * | 1964-05-20 | 1967-03-22 | Internat Synthetic Rubber Comp | Treatment of fabrics |
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US4800026A (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1989-01-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Curable amine functional silicone for fabric wrinkle reduction |
US5164231A (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1992-11-17 | Elbert Davis | Soft, elastomeric, polymer coated contact surface and method of preparing the same |
US5534182A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1996-07-09 | Rohm And Haas Company | Process and laundry formulations for preventing the transfer of dye in laundry processes |
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WO2001038627A2 (en) | 2001-05-31 |
AU1998401A (en) | 2001-06-04 |
BR0015807A (pt) | 2002-08-06 |
DE60033181D1 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
GB9927903D0 (en) | 2000-01-26 |
CZ20021815A3 (cs) | 2002-08-14 |
CA2390454C (en) | 2009-08-11 |
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ZA200203569B (en) | 2003-07-30 |
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