CN1415891A - Combustion method and device for denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass - Google Patents
Combustion method and device for denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN1415891A CN1415891A CN 01134298 CN01134298A CN1415891A CN 1415891 A CN1415891 A CN 1415891A CN 01134298 CN01134298 CN 01134298 CN 01134298 A CN01134298 A CN 01134298A CN 1415891 A CN1415891 A CN 1415891A
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Abstract
This invention discloses a secondary combustion denitration method and its device with bio-pyrolysis gas which hasn't been used in this field. Method is to utilize partial thermal flud gas from a coal powder burner end flue pipe to enter into the pyrolysis gasifying oven to make the biomass to be phrolysised and gasified, which gas is sprayed into coal powder oven recovery zone and reacted NOx forms N2 and gas is sprayed on top of recovery zone to burn out the sunburn fuel. The device realizing such method includes gasifying oven, coal power oven and connection of them.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to the combustion method and the device thereof of pulverized-coal fired boiler low NOx drainage, relate in particular to the combustion method and the device thereof that utilize denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass.
(2) background technology
Coal dust firing is the important source that forms discharged nitrous oxides, and the denitration rate of the burner of low NOx generally is lower than 50%, therefore can not satisfy the environmental requirement of increasingly stringent.The denitration rate of firing method can reach more than 70% again, but mainly adopts natural gas abroad at present aspect denitration by refueling.The China's natural gas resource mainly is distributed in western part, so the denitration of east and coastal area development natural gas reburning is restricted.Relevant studies show that, denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass efficient is higher than natural gas.But utilize the method and apparatus of pyrolysis gas of biomass denitration almost not have at present.U.S. FW company develops biomass gasifying furnace in Finland, and it is as an attached bed of coal-powder boiler, and the flame kernel that the gas behind the pyrolytic gasification is sprayed onto coal-powder boiler burns, and its objective is the processing living beings, does not utilize the denitration function of biomass pyrolytic gas.
(3) summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of combustion method and device thereof with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass, and it utilizes the living beings that are easy to get to be raw material, carries out denitration by refueling, by simple device, realizes high denitration efficiency.
In order to reach above-mentioned goal of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention realizes as follows: a kind of combustion method with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass, the steps include: that (1) coal dust is the primary zone burning by the burner hearth bottom that the coal burner in the coal-powder boiler in the recirculating fluidized bed enters coal-powder boiler, forms the gas that contains NOx in this district; (2) the next portion of hot flue gas of coal-powder boiler back-end ductwork enters as air in the pyrolysis gasification furnace of recirculating fluidized bed, and living beings are carried out the pyrolytic gasification reaction in the gasification furnace of recirculating fluidized bed; (3) carry out the reducing zone, middle and upper part that the reacted pyrolysis gas of pyrolytic gasification sprays into the coal-powder boiler burner hearth in the gasification furnace, imperfect combustion forms hydrocarbon and forms N with the NO reaction that forms from the burning of coal-powder boiler bottom
2(4) top, reducing zone from the coal-powder boiler burner hearth sprays into air, forms burning-out zone, and making does not have the completing combustion of the hydrocarbon of completing combustion.Wherein the described primary zone of step (1) excess air coefficient is 1.0-1.2.Wherein the described reducing zone of step (3) excess air coefficient is 0.8-0.9.Wherein the described burning-out zone excess air coefficient of step (4) is 1.0-1.2.
In said method, the caloric value of coal accounts for 80%-85% in the coal-powder boiler burner hearth, and biological pyrolysis matter accounts for the 15%-20% of caloric value.
Realize above-mentioned a kind of device of using the combustion method of denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass, it mainly by gasification furnace, coal-powder boiler and between connect and compose, gasification furnace is made of vaporizer intake stack, blower fan, charging aperture, cyclone separator, returning charge dipleg, ash discharge flood dragon cage and wind pipe, charging aperture and ash discharge flood dragon cage are communicated with vaporizer, blower fan is installed in the intake stack, the top of vaporizer is communicated in the cyclone separator, and the returning charge dipleg is communicated with cyclone separator with the vaporizer bottom; Gasification furnace is covered with adiabator layer outward; Coal-powder boiler mainly is made of burner hearth, burner, flue and inner heat exchanger, deduster, air-introduced machine, divide three zones in the burner hearth, i.e. primary zone, reducing zone, burning-out zone, burner is positioned at the place, primary zone, there is the reburning fuel spout reducing zone, and burner hearth burning-out zone place has the after-flame wind snout; The intake stack of gasification furnace and the back-end ductwork of coal-powder boiler communicate; The wind pipe of gasification furnace is communicated with the reducing zone of coal-powder boiler by the reburning fuel spout on the coal-powder boiler.
This device is when using, partial fume enters in the gasification furnace by the fan action in the intake stack, in this and the living beings generation pyrolytic gasification reaction that enters gasification furnace from biomass feed inlet, the pyrolytic gasification gas that forms is through behind the cyclone separator, enter the coal-powder boiler burner hearth by the wind pipe that is connected with gasification furnace and the reburning fuel spout of coal-powder boiler burner hearth, the living beings that do not have reaction to finish are back in the vaporizer of gasification furnace by cyclone separator and returning charge dipleg again.And in coal-powder boiler, after the gas that contains NOx that the primary zone burning forms enters the reducing zone, react with pyrolytic gasification gas and to form the gas contain N2, after this gas enters burning-out zone, since there is the part air to enter this district by the after-flame wind snout, therefore do not burn pyrolysis gas and coal dust further burning completely in this district, and the flue gas of heat carries out heat exchange through superheater, economizer, air preheater respectively,, under the effect of air-introduced machine, discharge through chimney after deduster purifies.Because the gas of gasification furnace is from the high-temperature flue gas of coal-powder boiler, the gas that gasification furnace comes out enters coal-powder boiler top, thereby realizes the dual-use function of denitration by refueling and flue gas recirculation denitration.
The advantage that the present invention is had compared with the prior art is:
1, utilize existing abundant biomass resource, not influencing substantially under the condition of the original combustion position of coal-powder boiler, effectively reduce the discharging of nitrogen oxide, the discharge capacity that can reduce nitrogen oxide is more than 80%;
2, be easy to existing boiler is transformed, and not limited by regions resources;
3, this technology is convenient and easy on the implementation, and is reliable.
The present invention mainly is applicable to pulverized-coal fired boiler, is particularly suitable for large medium-size boiler, has broad application prospects.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 uses apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
(5) specific embodiment
Embodiment
Device as shown in Figure 1, 2, this device are taked the method with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass.This device comprises that mainly gasification furnace 2, coal-powder boiler 20, superheater, back-end ductwork 19, deduster 15 and air-introduced machine 16 constitute.Gasification furnace 2 is mainly used in the generation pyrolysis gas of biomass, it mainly comprises vaporizer 21, intake stack 17, blower fan 6, the charging aperture 1 of living beings, cyclone separator 3, returning charge dipleg 4, ash discharge flood dragon cage 5 and wind pipe 22 constitute, vaporizer 21 is the core component of gasification furnace, the one side has charging aperture 1, the bottom has ash discharge flood dragon cage 5, vaporizer 21 is connected with cyclone separator 3, cyclone separator 3 upper ends are connected with coal-powder boiler 20 by wind pipe 22, the lower end passes in the vaporizer 21 by returning charge dipleg 4, blower fan 6 is installed in the intake stack 17, and intake stack 17 is connected vaporizer 21 with back-end ductwork 19.Primary zones are equipped with burner 7 in the burner hearth 18 of coal-powder boiler 20, have reburning fuel spout 8 in the reducing zone, have after-flame wind snout 9 at burning-out zone, and wind pipe 22 is connected with reburning fuel spout 8 on the coal-powder boiler 20.In the superheater that coal-powder boiler 20 tops pass to coal-powder boiler is communicated with, superheater comprises pendant superheater 10, high temperature convection superheater 11 and low temperature convection superheater 12, superheater is connected with back-end ductwork 19, economizer 13, air preheater 14 are installed in the back-end ductwork, back-end ductwork 19 is connected with deduster 15, and deduster 15 is communicated with the chimney that leads to atmosphere by air-introduced machine 16.Be covered with adiabator layer 23 in the outside of gasification furnace 2.
The combustion method that this device adopted is: (1) coal dust is to burn among the A of primary zone by burner hearth 18 bottoms that coal burner 7 enters coal-powder boiler 20, forms the gas that contains NOx, and the excess air coefficient in this district is 1.0-1.2; (2) with the flue gas in the coal-powder boiler back-end ductwork 19 as air, living beings 2 are carried out pyrolytic gasification reaction in the gasification furnace of recirculating fluidized bed, the excess air coefficient of reducing zone B is 0.8-0.9; (3) pyrolysis gas sprays into the reducing zone B of the middle and upper part of coal-powder boiler burner hearth 18 by wind pipe 22, and imperfect combustion forms hydrocarbon and forms N with the NO reaction that forms from the burning of coal-powder boiler bottom
2(4) the after-flame wind snout 9 from B top, reducing zone sprays into air, and making does not have the completing combustion of the hydrocarbon of completing combustion, and this zone forms burning-out zone C, and the excess air coefficient of described burning-out zone C is 1.0-1.2.
In implementation process, the effect of flue gas by blower fan 6 enter gasification furnace 2 and with the living beings generation pyrolytic gasification reaction that enters gasification furnace 2 by biomass feed inlet, after the pyrolytic gasification gas that forms separates through cyclone separator 3, enter coal-powder boiler burner hearth 18 by reburning fuel spout 8, the living beings that do not have reaction to finish are recirculated into circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace 2 by cyclone separator 3 and returning charge dipleg 4; Coal dust enters among the coal-powder boiler burner hearth 18 primary zone A by coal burner 7, formation contains the gas of NOx and reacts in the B of reducing zone with pyrolytic gasification gas, the part air enters coal-powder boiler burner hearth 18 by after-flame wind snout 9, completing combustion in burning-out zone C, flue gas is respectively through superheater 10, high temperature convection superheater 11, low temperature convection superheater 12, economizer 13, air preheater 14, deduster 15, air-introduced machine 16 are to chimney.Wherein gasification furnace 2 external application adiabator layers 23 can guarantee the necessary temperature of biomass pyrogenation gasification.On-the-spot living beings generally contain than juicy, and living beings do not need dry earlier and directly enter in the gasification furnace 2, participate in gasification after the water evaporates, form hydrocarbon.Gasification furnace 2 required air are the flue gas of coal-powder boiler back-end ductwork 19, and uniform temperature is arranged in the flue gas, and oxygen content is few simultaneously, guarantee the carrying out of pyrolytic gasification.
In the combustion process in coal-powder boiler 20, the caloric value of main fuel coal dust accounts for 80%-85%, and from gas comprises caloric value 15%-20% after the biological pyrolysis of gasification furnace 2.
Adopt above-mentioned method and device thereof can realize denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass and flue gas recirculation denitration simultaneously; effectively reduce the discharging of NOx; the denitration rate is reached more than 80%; and not limit by regions resources; utilize visible biomass material to reach everywhere and reduce pollution, the purpose of protection environment is transformed existing boiler easily; with compliance with environmental protection requirements, this technology has popularization, use value widely thus.
Claims (6)
1. combustion method with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass the steps include: that it is the primary zone burning that the burner of (1) coal dust by coal-powder boiler enters the coal-powder boiler burner hearth bottom, and this district forms the gas of NOx; (2) the next portion of hot flue gas of coal-powder boiler back-end ductwork enters as air in the pyrolysis gasification furnace of recirculating fluidized bed, and living beings are carried out the pyrolytic gasification reaction in the gasification furnace of recirculating fluidized bed; (3) carry out the reducing zone, middle and upper part that the reacted pyrolysis gas of pyrolytic gasification sprays into the coal-powder boiler burner hearth in the gasification furnace, imperfect combustion forms hydrocarbon and forms N with the NO reaction that forms from the burning of coal-powder boiler bottom
2(4) top, reducing zone from the coal-powder boiler burner hearth sprays into air, forms burning-out zone, and making does not have the completing combustion of the hydrocarbon of completing combustion.
2. a kind of combustion method with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described primary zone of step (1) excess air coefficient is 1.0-1.2.
3. a kind of combustion method with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described reducing zone of step (3) excess air coefficient is 0.8-0.9.
4. a kind of combustion method with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described burning-out zone excess air coefficient of step (4) is 1.0-1.2.
5. a kind of combustion method with denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the caloric value of coal accounts for 80%-85% in the coal-powder boiler burner hearth, and biological pyrolysis matter caloric value accounts for 15%-20%.
6. realize device for one kind with the combustion method of denitration by refueling pyrolysis gas of biomass, it mainly by gasification furnace, coal-powder boiler and between connect and compose, gasification furnace is made of vaporizer intake stack, blower fan, charging aperture, cyclone separator, returning charge dipleg, ash discharge flood dragon cage and wind pipe, charging aperture and ash discharge flood dragon cage are communicated with vaporizer, blower fan is installed in the intake stack, the top of vaporizer is communicated in the cyclone separator, and the returning charge dipleg is communicated with cyclone separator with the vaporizer bottom; Gasification furnace is covered with adiabator layer outward; Coal-powder boiler mainly is made of burner hearth, burner, flue and inner heat exchanger, deduster, air-introduced machine, divide three zones in the burner hearth, i.e. primary zone, reducing zone, burning-out zone, burner is positioned at the place, primary zone, there is the reburning fuel spout reducing zone, and burner hearth burning-out zone place has the after-flame wind snout; It is characterized in that: the intake stack of gasification furnace and the back-end ductwork of coal-powder boiler communicate; The wind pipe of gasification furnace is communicated with by the reducing zone of the reburning fuel spout on the coal-powder boiler with stove powder stove.
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| CN100346105C (en) * | 2004-06-07 | 2007-10-31 | 上海电力学院 | Method for generating multistage reburning controlling high-capacity coal fired boiler NOX |
| CN101761920B (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-07-04 | 上海理工大学 | Method and device for burning low NOx by utilizing reburning of pulverized coal pyrolysis gas |
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