CN113175665B - System and method for low NOx of semicoke and anti-slagging and co-firing - Google Patents
System and method for low NOx of semicoke and anti-slagging and co-firing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113175665B CN113175665B CN202110426789.7A CN202110426789A CN113175665B CN 113175665 B CN113175665 B CN 113175665B CN 202110426789 A CN202110426789 A CN 202110426789A CN 113175665 B CN113175665 B CN 113175665B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G1/00—Steam superheating characterised by heating method
- F22G1/02—Steam superheating characterised by heating method with heat supply by hot flue gases from the furnace of the steam boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K2201/00—Pretreatment of solid fuel
- F23K2201/10—Pulverizing
- F23K2201/1006—Mills adapted for use with furnaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a semicoke low NO x The system and the method for preventing slag-bonding and co-firing comprise a semicoke-biomass mixed combustion system and an anti-slag-bonding biomass particle preparation device, wherein the semicoke-biomass mixed combustion system comprises a biomass bin, a biomass drying device, a biomass mill, an anti-slag-bonding agent preparation barrel, a biomass and anti-slag-bonding agent mixing tank, a semicoke bin, a semicoke mill, a boiler bottom burner, a middle-layer burner, a reburning burner, an over-fire air nozzle, a screen superheater, a convection superheater, an economizer, a boiler tail dust remover, an oxygen preheater and the like. The invention organically combines the semicoke-biomass blending combustion system and the biomass anti-slagging particle preparation method, and by means of the oxygen-enriched combustion technology, the ignition burnout characteristic of semicoke is improved, and NO is reduced x The generation of the biomass and the serious slagging problem of the biomass are overcome, and simultaneously the CO is reduced 2 And fully utilizes the waste heat and moisture in the flue gas. The invention is economical, environment-friendly, simple, reliable, wide in application range and wide in application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of clean and efficient utilization of solid carbon-based fuels, and in particular relates to a semicoke low-NO x A system and a method for preventing slag bonding and sintering.
Background
The coal pyrolysis byproduct semicoke is taken as a high-grade clean fuel to burn and generate electricity, and is an important component for realizing clean and efficient cascade utilization of coal. Along with the rapid development of the coal chemical industry in China, a great number of fuels are needed to realize combustion utilization at present. However, semicoke has very low volatile content, great difficulty in realizing clean and efficient combustion, and usually has the problems of difficult ignition and stable combustion, low burnout rate and NO x High emission and the like. Therefore, how to realize clean and efficient combustion utilization of the fuel becomes a key technical bottleneck for restricting the industrial application of clean and efficient cascade utilization of coal in China, and needs to be solved. On the other hand, the biomass energy in China has wide distribution and small pollution, and can effectively relieve the greenhouse effect, but the biomass has high volatile content and contains a large amount of volatile alkaline metals and chlorine elements, so that serious problems related to ash such as furnace slagging, deposition and corrosion are easily caused in the combustion process, and the large-scale utilization of biomass is greatly restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a semicoke low NO x The slagging-resistant and blending-burning system and method are combined with an oxygen-enriched combustion technology, by means of slagging-resistant biomass particles, a mode of layering and blending burning biomass and semicoke in a furnace is adopted, and a fuel grading and oxygen grading combustion technology is utilized, so that the problems of difficulty in ignition and poor burnout of semicoke are improved, and the NO of a boiler is reduced x The method reduces the slag formation caused by biomass high alkali metal, fully utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas and saves water resources.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
semicoke low NO x The system for resisting slagging and blending sintering comprises a semicoke-biomass mixed combustion system and an anti-slagging biomass particle preparation device; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the semicoke-biomass mixed combustion system comprises a biomass bin, a biomass drying device, a biomass pulverizer, a semicoke bin, a semicoke pulverizer, a boiler bottom layer combustor, an intermediate layer combustor, a reburning combustor, an overfire air nozzle, a circulating fan, a gas mixer, a chemical treatment device, a make-up water pump, a steam turbine and a steam pump, a screen type superheater, a convection superheater and an economizer which are sequentially arranged in a flue gas pipeline, and a boiler tail dust remover, an oxygen preheater, a desulfurizing device, a flue gas condenser and CO which are sequentially connected with an outlet of the flue gas pipeline 2 A compression device;
the device for preparing the anti-slagging biomass particles comprises an anti-slagging agent preparation barrel and a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank;
the biomass bin is connected with the upper inlet of the biomass drying device through a conveying pipeline, the inlet of the steam pump is connected with the steam extraction pipeline of the steam turbine, the outlet of the steam pump is connected with the side inlet of the biomass drying device, the outlet of the biomass drying device is connected with the inlet of the biomass mill, and the outlet of the biomass mill is connected with the fuel nozzle of the bottom burner of the boiler; the semicoke bin is connected with an inlet of a semicoke pulverizer through a conveying pipeline, and an outlet of the semicoke pulverizer is connected with a fuel nozzle of a boiler interlayer combustor; the outlet of the anti-slagging agent preparation barrel is connected with the inlet of the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank, and the outlet of the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank is connected with the fuel nozzle of the reburning burner;
part of hot flue gas after the boiler tail dust remover is connected with an inlet of a circulating fan through a flue gas pipeline, an outlet of the circulating fan is respectively connected with an air inlet nozzle of a reburning burner and a lower inlet of a gas mixer through a three-way valve, an inlet of an air separator is connected with the atmosphere, a lower outlet of the air separator is respectively connected with a primary air nozzle of a boiler bottom burner and a side inlet of a gas mixer through a three-way valve, and an outlet of the gas mixer is respectively connected with a secondary air nozzle of the boiler bottom burner, a primary air nozzle and a secondary air nozzle of a middle-layer burner and an over-fire air nozzle;
the condensed water outlet of the flue gas condenser is connected to the inlet of the chemical treatment device, and the outlet of the chemical treatment device is connected to the economizer through a make-up water pump.
The invention is further improved in that the biomass drying device adopts steam from a steam turbine as a drying heat source.
The invention is further improved in that the biomass mill is a fan mill, and the dried biomass particles after milling and the anti-slagging agent in the anti-slagging agent preparation barrel are mixed in a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank to form anti-slagging biomass particles.
The invention is further improved in that the dry biomass particles and the anti-slagging biomass particles in the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank after being ground by the biomass mill are respectively used as pilot fuel and reburning fuel to be sprayed into the hearth at the fuel nozzles of the bottom-layer burner and the reburning burner of the boiler, and the semicoke powder after being ground by the semicoke mill is sprayed into the hearth from the fuel nozzle of the middle-layer burner of the boiler, so that a layered combustion arrangement mode of flammable fuel and flame retardant fuel is formed.
The invention is further improved in that the primary air nozzle of the bottom layer burner of the boiler sprays oxygen separated by the air separator, the secondary air nozzle of the bottom layer burner, the primary air nozzle of the middle layer burner and the over-fire air nozzle spray mixed gas of oxygen and circulating smoke at the tail part of the boiler, and the secondary air nozzle of the re-fire burner sprays the circulating smoke after the tail part dust remover of the boiler.
The invention is further improved in that the condensate water obtained from the flue gas condenser is fed as boiler make-up water to the economizer via a make-up water pump after purification and deoxygenation treatment in the chemical treatment device.
Semicoke low NO x Anti-slagging and anti-sintering method based on semi-coke low-NO x A system for resistance to slagging co-firing comprising:
biomass in the biomass bin enters a biomass drying device through a conveying pipeline to be dried, and a dried heat source is derived from partial steam extraction of a steam turbine;
the dried biomass enters a biomass mill for milling, a part of milled biomass particles is used as a pilot fuel to enter a hearth from a fuel nozzle of a bottom burner of a boiler, part of oxygen separated by an air separator is sprayed into the hearth from a primary air nozzle of the bottom burner of the boiler, and the combination of the biomass with high-concentration oxygen at a low ignition point promotes ignition and heat release of the fuel; the secondary air required by combustion is mixed gas of partial circulating flue gas after a dust remover at the tail part of the boiler and oxygen obtained by separating an air separator; the semicoke in the semicoke bin enters a hearth from a fuel nozzle of a burner at the middle layer of the boiler after being ground by a semicoke grinding mill, and primary air and secondary air required by combustion are both mixed gas of circulating hot flue gas and oxygen;
residual biomass particles obtained by grinding with a biomass mill enter a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank to prepare anti-slagging biomass particles, and the anti-slagging biomass particles are used as reburning fuel from a reburning burnerThe nozzle enters the hearth, the primary air and the secondary air required by combustion are part of circulating hot flue gas after a dust remover at the tail part of the boiler, slag-bonding resistant biomass particles are reburnt in an oxygen-deficient environment, the slag-bonding rate of ash is reduced, and NO in the combustion process is reduced x Is generated;
the mixed gas of the circulating hot flue gas at the tail part of the boiler and the oxygen obtained by separating through an air separator is sprayed into a hearth from an over-fire air nozzle, and the NO is further reduced by combining the deep classification of the fuel of the hearth, the oxygen classification and the local oxygen supplement at the later stage of combustion x Is generated;
the flue gas after complete combustion sequentially passes through a screen superheater, a convection superheater, an economizer, a boiler tail dust remover, an oxygen preheater, a desulfurizing device, a flue gas condenser and CO 2 Compression device, finally CO 2 Sealing and storing;
oxygen separated by the air separator enters a hearth to support combustion after being preheated in an oxygen preheater, and the boiler efficiency is improved while the waste heat of flue gas is utilized;
after the condensate water obtained by the flue gas condenser is purified and deoxidized in the chemical treatment device, the condensate water is used as boiler makeup water to be supplied to the economizer through a makeup water pump.
The invention is further improved in that it further comprises:
the high-temperature flue gas heats working medium water to a superheated steam state, and the working medium water is sent into a steam turbine through a main steam pipeline to expand and do work to drive the steam turbine to rotate, and the steam turbine drives a generator to generate electricity.
The invention is further improved in that the anti-slagging agent is a mixture of porous ceramic and dolomite powder, the mass ratio of the porous ceramic to the dolomite powder is 1:0.1-10, and the grain size of the anti-slagging agent is 1/10-1/20 of the grain size of biomass particles so as to ensure that the anti-slagging agent and the biomass particles can be synchronously suspended in a boiler hearth for combustion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention provides a semicoke low NO x The system for resisting slagging and blending combustion adopts a mode of combining layered blending and oxygen-enriched combustion technology, and uses the semi-coke-biomass blending combustion system after dust removalThe mixed gas of pure oxygen prepared after the hot flue gas at the tail of the boiler and the air are separated replaces combustion air, the oxygen concentration can be flexibly adjusted according to the regional change of a burner, an oxygen preheater arranged behind a dust remover at the tail of the boiler is used for replacing a traditional air preheater, and the flue gas waste heat is fully utilized; collecting purified flue gas condensate water as boiler makeup water, and changing waste into valuable; the anti-slagging agent adopts the mixture of porous ceramic and dolomite powder, the raw material components are simple, the cost is low, the manufacturing process of the biomass anti-slagging particles is convenient and quick, and the particle sizes of the components are only controlled and uniformly mixed, so that the biomass anti-slagging particles can be synchronously suspended in a boiler hearth for combustion. The slag bonding inhibitor not only can relieve slag bonding by improving the melting point of biomass ash, but also has the effects of desulfurizing and adsorbing harmful gases.
The invention provides a semicoke low NO x In the process of slag-bonding resistant blending and sintering of semicoke and biomass, a combustion mode of combining 'biomass slag-bonding resistant treatment', 'in-furnace layer blending and sintering', 'fuel reburning' and 'partial oxygen supplement in the later period of combustion' is adopted, part of biomass is used as a pilot fuel to be sprayed into a bottom layer combustor of a hearth, pure oxygen is used as primary air, the high oxygen concentration environment and low ignition point characteristics can promote ignition and heat release of the biomass, a corresponding area forms an ignition area or a combustion-supporting area, the temperature of the area is lower, and slag bonding and NO are carried out x The generation is less; spraying semicoke in the middle layer burner, taking the mixed gas of circulating flue gas and pure oxygen as primary air and secondary air of the semicoke, and forming a main combustion zone in a corresponding zone, wherein the semicoke can be ignited by fully utilizing the heat released by biomass combustion in the process, and the NO of the semicoke can be reduced by combining the low nitrogen content and oxygen-enriched combustion technology of the biomass x At the same time, the area has less biomass and less slag formation; the residual biomass is subjected to anti-slagging treatment, the part of biomass is used as reburning fuel and is sprayed into a hearth through a reburning burner of a boiler, circulating flue gas is used as primary air and secondary air, a reburning area or a gasification area is formed in a corresponding area, the temperature of the area and anti-slagging biomass particles which are properly reduced jointly reduce the slagging of the biomass, and the biomass particles and reducing gas generated by gasification of the biomass reduce NO generated by semicoke in a main combustion area x The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mixed gas of the circulating flue gas and the pure oxygen is used as the over-fire air, so that the combustion efficiency of the fuel is ensured; the oxygen preheater has simple structure and smaller volume, is arranged behind the dust remover at the tail part of the boiler, saves materials compared with the traditional air preheater, fully utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas, and integrally improves the efficiency of the boiler; the condensed water of the flue gas is used as the boiler make-up water after chemical purification and deoxidization treatment, thereby saving water resources.
In conclusion, the invention solves a plurality of problems existing when semicoke and biomass are combusted independently, realizes full and cascade utilization of energy, is not limited by regions and environments, and has the advantages of simple and reliable system, economy and environmental protection and convenient management.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1 is biomass bin, 2 is biomass drying device, 3 is biomass pulverizer, 4 is semicoke bin, 5 is semicoke pulverizer, 6 is anti-slagging agent preparation barrel, 7 is biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank, 8 is air separator, 9 is air mixer, 10 is circulating fan, 11 is boiler bottom layer combustor, 12 is boiler intermediate layer combustor, 13 is reburning combustor, 14 is over-fire air nozzle, 15 is screen type superheater, 16 is convection superheater, 17 is coal economizer, 18 is boiler tail dust remover, 19 is oxygen preheater, 20 is desulfurization device, 21 is flue gas condenser, 22 is CO 2 The compression device 23 is a chemical treatment device, 24 is a make-up water pump, 25 is a steam turbine, 26 is a generator, and 27 is a steam pump.
a is air, b is nitrogen, c is oxygen, d is compressed CO 2 Sealing and storing, wherein e is circulating flue gas.
A is an ignition area or a combustion-supporting area, B is a main combustion area, C is a reburning area or a gasification area, and D is a burnout area.
The solid line is a solid transportation route of semicoke, biomass and the like, the dotted line is a gas (flue gas, steam or oxygen transportation route), and the two-dot chain line is a makeup water transportation route.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a semicoke low NO x The system for resisting slagging and blending sintering comprises a semicoke-biomass mixed combustion system and an anti-slagging biomass particle preparation device.
The semicoke-biomass mixed combustion system comprises a biomass bin 1, a biomass drying device 2, a biomass mill 3, a semicoke bin 4, a semicoke mill 5, a boiler bottom layer combustor 11, a middle layer combustor 12, a reburning combustor 13, an overfire air nozzle 14, a screen superheater 15, a convection superheater 16, an economizer 17, a boiler tail dust remover 18, an oxygen preheater 19, a circulating fan 10, a gas mixer 9, a steam turbine 25, a steam pump 27, an overfire air pipeline, a hot flue gas pipeline and a steam pipeline.
The device for preparing the anti-slagging biomass particles comprises an anti-slagging agent preparation barrel 6 and a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank 7.
The biomass bin 1 is connected with the upper inlet of the biomass drying device 2 through a conveying pipeline, the inlet of the steam pump 24 is connected with the steam extraction pipeline of the steam turbine 22, the outlet of the steam pump 27 is connected with the side inlet of the biomass drying device 2, the outlet of the biomass drying device 2 is connected with the inlet of the biomass mill 3, and the outlet of the biomass mill 3 is connected with the fuel nozzle of the boiler bottom combustor 11; the semicoke bin 4 is connected with the inlet of the semicoke pulverizer 5 through a conveying pipeline, and the outlet of the semicoke pulverizer 5 is connected with the fuel nozzle of the boiler interlayer combustor 12. The outlet of the anti-slagging agent preparation tank 6 is connected with the inlet of the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank 7, and the outlet of the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank 7 is connected with the fuel nozzle of the reburning burner 13.
Part of hot flue gas behind the boiler tail dust remover 18 is connected with an inlet of a circulating fan 10 through a flue gas pipeline, an outlet of the circulating fan 10 is respectively connected with an air inlet nozzle of a reburning burner 13 and a lower inlet of a gas mixer 9 through a three-way valve, an inlet of an air separator 8 is connected with the atmosphere, a lower outlet of the air separator is respectively connected with a primary air nozzle of a boiler bottom burner 11 and a side inlet of the gas mixer 9 through a three-way valve, and an outlet of the gas mixer 9 is respectively connected with a secondary air nozzle of the boiler bottom burner 11, a primary air nozzle and a secondary air nozzle of a middle-layer burner 12 and an over-fire air nozzle 14.
The screen type superheater 15, the convection superheater 16 and the economizer 17 are sequentially arranged in a flue gas pipeline, and a boiler tail dust remover 18, an oxygen preheater 19, a desulfurizing device 20, a flue gas condenser 21 and CO 2 The compression device 22 is connected with the outlet of the flue gas pipeline in turn, the condensed water outlet of the flue gas condenser 21 is connected to the inlet of the chemical treatment device 23, and the outlet of the chemical treatment device 23 is connected to the economizer 17 through the make-up water pump 24.
Further, the biomass dryer 2 uses steam from the steam turbine 25 as a drying heat source.
Further, the biomass mill 3 is a fan mill, the dried biomass particles after milling and the anti-slagging agent are mixed in a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank 7 to form anti-slagging biomass particles, the anti-slagging agent is a mixture of porous ceramic and dolomite powder, the mass ratio of the porous ceramic to the dolomite powder is 1:0.1-10, the particle size is 1/10-1/20 of the particle size of the biomass particles, and the anti-slagging agent and the biomass particles can be synchronously suspended in a boiler hearth for combustion.
Further, the dried biomass particles and the anti-slagging biomass particles in the biomass mill 3 and the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank 7 are respectively used as pilot fuel and reburning fuel to be sprayed into the hearth at the fuel nozzles of the bottom-layer burner 11 and the reburning burner 13 of the boiler, and the semicoke powder milled by the semicoke mill 5 is sprayed into the hearth from the fuel nozzle of the middle-layer burner 12 of the boiler, so that a layered combustion arrangement mode of 'combustible fuel and flame-retardant fuel' is formed.
Further, the primary air nozzle of the bottom burner 11 of the boiler sprays oxygen separated by the air separator 8, the secondary air nozzle of the bottom burner 11, the primary air nozzle of the middle burner 12 and the over-fire air nozzle 14 spray mixed gas of oxygen and circulating smoke at the tail of the boiler, and the secondary air nozzle of the reburning burner 13 sprays circulating smoke after the dust remover 18 at the tail of the boiler.
Further, an oxygen preheater with a simpler structure than the traditional flue gas preheater is arranged behind the boiler tail dust remover 18, and the waste heat of the dust-removing flue gas is utilized to heat the oxygen entering the hearth, so that the energy loss is reduced and the boiler efficiency is improved.
Further, after the condensed water obtained from the flue gas condenser 21 is purified and deoxygenated in the chemical treatment apparatus 23, the condensed water is supplied as boiler makeup water to the economizer 17 via the makeup water pump 24.
The invention relates to an ultralow volatile carbon-based fuel and lignite low NO x A method of co-firing comprising:
1) Biomass in the biomass bin 1 enters a biomass drying device 2 through a conveying pipeline to be dried, and a dried heat source is derived from partial steam extraction of a steam turbine;
2) The dried biomass enters a biomass mill 3 for milling, the milled biomass particles are used as pilot fuel to enter a hearth from a fuel nozzle of a boiler bottom combustor 11, partial oxygen separated by an air separator 8 is sprayed into the hearth from a primary air nozzle of the boiler bottom combustor 11, and the biomass with a low ignition point and high-concentration oxygen combine to promote ignition and heat release of the fuel; the secondary air required by combustion is the mixed gas of partial circulating flue gas after the boiler tail dust remover 18 and oxygen obtained by separating the air separator 8; the semicoke in the semicoke bin 4 enters a hearth from a fuel nozzle of a boiler intermediate layer combustor 12 after being ground by a semicoke grinding mill 5, and primary air and secondary air required by combustion are both mixed gas of circulating hot flue gas and oxygen;
3) Residual biomass particles obtained by grinding in a biomass mill 3 enter a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank 7 to prepare anti-slagging biomass particles, the anti-slagging biomass particles are taken as reburning fuel and enter a hearth from a fuel nozzle of a reburning combustor 13, primary air and secondary air required by combustion are part of circulating hot flue gas after a boiler tail dust remover 18, and the anti-slagging biomass particles reburning in an oxygen-deficient environment can not only reduce the slagging rate of ash, but also reduce SO in the combustion process 2 And NO x Is generated;
4) The mixed gas of the circulating hot flue gas at the tail part of the boiler and the oxygen obtained by separating through the air separator 8 is sprayed into a hearth from an over-fire air nozzle 14, and the NO is further reduced by combining the deep classification of the fuel of the hearth, the oxygen classification and the local oxygen supplement at the later stage of combustion x Is generated;
5) The flue gas after complete combustion sequentially passes through a screen superheater 15, a convection superheater 16, an economizer 17, a boiler tail dust remover 18, an oxygen preheater 19, a desulfurizing device 20, a flue gas condenser 21 and CO 2 Compression device 22, ultimately converting CO 2 Sealing and storing;
6) Oxygen separated by the air separator 8 is heated in the oxygen preheater 19 and enters a hearth for supporting combustion, and the boiler efficiency is improved while the waste heat of flue gas is utilized;
7) After the condensate water obtained by the flue gas condenser is purified and deoxygenated in the chemical treatment apparatus 23, it is supplied as boiler make-up water to the economizer 17 via the make-up water pump 24.
8) The high-temperature flue gas heats working medium water to a superheated steam state, and the working medium water is sent into a steam turbine 25 through a main steam pipeline to expand and do work so as to drive the steam turbine to rotate, and the steam turbine drives a generator 26 to generate electricity.
In summary, the invention uses the oxygen-enriched combustion technology and the anti-slagging biomass particle preparation technology, and takes the dried biomass particles and the anti-slagging biomass particles as a layered blending combustion mode of a flammable fuel package flame-retardant fuel in a boiler respectively by using a pilot fuel, a reburning fuel and semicoke, and combines the hearth fuel oxygen depth classification and the combustion later stage local oxygen supplementing technology, and the hearth is divided into four combustion areas from bottom to top, namely, an ignition/combustion-supporting area, a main combustion area, a reburning/gasification area and a burnout area. The system design not only solves the problems of semicoke ignition burnout difficulty and NO x The problem of large production amount is solved, the serious slag bonding problem caused by high content of biomass alkali metal is also solved, and the CO of the coal-fired boiler is reduced 2 Is arranged in the air. The invention fully utilizes energy of different grades, has wide application range, is economical and environment-friendly, and is convenient to manage.
It should be understood that this example is only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Further, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, however, such equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (3)
1. Semicoke low NO x The system for resisting slagging and blending combustion is characterized by comprising a semicoke-biomass mixed combustion system and an anti-slagging biomass particle preparation device; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the semicoke-biomass mixed combustion system comprises a biomass bin (1), a biomass drying device (2), a biomass mill (3), a semicoke bin (4), a semicoke mill (5), a boiler bottom layer combustor (11), a boiler middle layer combustor (12), a reburning combustor (13), an overfire air nozzle (14), a circulating fan (10), a gas mixer (9), a chemical treatment device (23), a make-up water pump (24), a steam turbine (25) and a steam pump (27), a screen type superheater (15), a convection superheater (16) and a coal economizer (17) which are sequentially arranged in a flue gas pipeline, and a boiler tail dust remover (18), an oxygen preheater (19), a desulfurizing device (20), a flue gas condenser (21) and CO which are sequentially connected with a flue gas pipeline outlet 2 A compression device (22);
the device for preparing the anti-slagging biomass particles comprises an anti-slagging agent preparation barrel (6) and a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank (7);
the biomass bin (1) is connected with the upper inlet of the biomass drying device (2) through a conveying pipeline, the inlet of the steam pump (27) is connected with the steam extraction pipeline of the steam turbine (25), the outlet of the steam pump (27) is connected with the side inlet of the biomass drying device (2), the outlet of the biomass drying device (2) is connected with the inlet of the biomass mill (3), and the outlet of the biomass mill (3) is connected with the fuel nozzle of the boiler bottom combustor (11); the semicoke bin (4) is connected with the inlet of the semicoke pulverizer (5) through a conveying pipeline, and the outlet of the semicoke pulverizer (5) is connected with the fuel nozzle of the boiler interlayer combustor (12); the outlet of the anti-slagging agent preparation barrel (6) is connected with the inlet of the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank (7), and the outlet of the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank (7) is connected with the fuel nozzle of the reburning burner (13);
part of hot flue gas after the boiler tail dust remover (18) is connected with an inlet of a circulating fan (10) through a flue gas pipeline, an outlet of the circulating fan (10) is respectively connected with an air inlet nozzle of a reburning burner (13) and a lower inlet of a gas mixer (9) through a three-way valve, an inlet of an air separator (8) is connected with the atmosphere, a lower outlet of the air separator is respectively connected with a primary air nozzle of a boiler bottom burner (11) and a side inlet of the gas mixer (9) through a three-way valve, and an outlet of the gas mixer (9) is respectively connected with a secondary air nozzle of the boiler bottom burner (11), a primary air nozzle of a boiler middle-layer burner (12), a secondary air nozzle and an over-fire air nozzle (14);
the condensed water outlet of the flue gas condenser (21) is connected to the inlet of the chemical treatment device (23), and the outlet of the chemical treatment device (23) is connected to the economizer (17) through the make-up water pump (24);
the biomass mill (3) is a fan mill, the dried biomass particles after milling and the anti-slagging agent in the anti-slagging agent preparation barrel (6) are mixed in a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank (7) to form anti-slagging biomass particles, the dried biomass particles after milling of the biomass mill (3) and the anti-slagging biomass particles in the biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank (7) are respectively used as pilot fuel and reburning fuel to be sprayed into a hearth through fuel nozzles of a boiler bottom layer combustor (11) and a reburning combustor (13), and semicoke powder after milling of the semicoke mill (5) is sprayed into the hearth through fuel nozzles of a boiler middle layer combustor (12) to form a layered combustion arrangement mode of flammable fuel;
the biomass drying device (2) adopts steam from a steam turbine (25) as a drying heat source;
the primary air nozzle of the boiler bottom layer burner (11) is used for spraying oxygen obtained by separation of the air separator (8), the secondary air nozzle of the boiler bottom layer burner (11), the secondary air nozzle of the boiler middle layer burner (12) and the over-fire air nozzle (14) are used for spraying mixed gas of oxygen and boiler tail circulating smoke, and the secondary air nozzle of the reburning burner (13) is used for spraying circulating smoke after the boiler tail dust remover (18);
after the condensed water obtained from the flue gas condenser (21) is purified and deoxidized in the chemical treatment device (23), the condensed water is supplied to the economizer (17) as boiler makeup water through the makeup water pump (24);
the anti-slagging agent is a mixture of porous ceramic and dolomite powder, the mass ratio of the porous ceramic to the dolomite powder is 1:0.1-10, and the particle size of the anti-slagging agent is 1/10-1/20 of the particle size of biomass particles so as to ensure that the anti-slagging agent and the biomass particles can be synchronously suspended in a boiler hearth for combustion.
2. Semicoke low NO x A method for preventing slag formation and co-firing, which is characterized in that the method is based on the carbocoal low-NO as set forth in claim 1 x A system for resistance to slagging co-firing comprising:
biomass in the biomass bin (1) enters a biomass drying device (2) through a conveying pipeline to be dried, and a dried heat source is derived from partial steam extraction of a steam turbine;
the dried biomass enters a biomass mill (3) for milling, the milled biomass particles are used as pilot fuel to enter a hearth from a fuel nozzle of a bottom burner (11) of the boiler, partial oxygen separated by an air separator (8) is sprayed into the hearth from a primary air nozzle of the bottom burner (11) of the boiler, and the combination of the biomass with a low ignition point and high-concentration oxygen promotes ignition and heat release of the fuel; the secondary air required by combustion is the mixed gas of partial circulating flue gas after a boiler tail dust remover (18) and oxygen obtained by separating an air separator (8); semicoke in the semicoke bin (4) enters a hearth from a fuel nozzle of a boiler intermediate layer combustor (12) after being ground by a semicoke grinding mill (5), and primary air and secondary air required by combustion are both mixed gas of circulating hot flue gas and oxygen;
residual biomass particles obtained by grinding by a biomass mill (3) enter a biomass and anti-slagging agent mixing tank (7) to prepare anti-slagging biomass particles, the anti-slagging biomass particles are taken as reburning fuel and enter a hearth from a fuel nozzle of a reburning combustor (13), primary air and secondary air required by combustion are part of circulating hot flue gas after a boiler tail dust collector (18), the anti-slagging biomass particles reburn in an oxygen-deficient environment, the slagging rate of ash is reduced, and NO in the combustion process is reduced x Is generated;
boiler tailThe mixed gas of the circulating hot flue gas and the oxygen obtained by separating by the air separator (8) is sprayed into the hearth from the over-fire air nozzle (14), and the NO is further reduced by combining the deep classification of the hearth fuel, the oxygen classification and the partial oxygen supplement in the later stage of combustion x Is generated;
the flue gas after complete combustion sequentially passes through a screen type superheater (15), a convection superheater (16), an economizer (17), a boiler tail dust remover (18), an oxygen preheater (19), a desulfurization device (20), a flue gas condenser (21) and CO 2 Compression device (22) for final CO 2 Sealing and storing;
oxygen separated by the air separator (8) enters a hearth to support combustion after being preheated in the oxygen preheater (19), and the boiler efficiency is improved while the waste heat of flue gas is utilized;
the condensed water obtained by the flue gas condenser is purified and deoxidized in a chemical treatment device (23), and then is supplied to an economizer (17) as boiler makeup water through a makeup water pump (24).
3. A semicoke low NO according to claim 2 x The method for preventing slag bonding and sintering is characterized by further comprising the following steps:
the high-temperature flue gas heats working medium water to a superheated steam state, and the working medium water is sent into a steam turbine (25) through a main steam pipeline to expand and do work to drive the steam turbine (25) to rotate, and the steam turbine (25) drives a generator (26) to generate power.
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