CN106352343A - Gasifying incinerator applicable to household garbage with high heat value - Google Patents
Gasifying incinerator applicable to household garbage with high heat value Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106352343A CN106352343A CN201610838265.8A CN201610838265A CN106352343A CN 106352343 A CN106352343 A CN 106352343A CN 201610838265 A CN201610838265 A CN 201610838265A CN 106352343 A CN106352343 A CN 106352343A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- incinerator
- fire grate
- flue gas
- firing chamber
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L13/00—Construction of valves or dampers for controlling air supply or draught
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/40—Gasification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2205/00—Waste feed arrangements
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a gasifying incinerator applicable to household garbage with high heat value. The gasifying incinerator is divided into a gasifying chamber and a secondary combusting chamber, wherein a horizontal grate is arranged at the bottom of the gasifying chamber, and a primary air bin is arranged at the bottom of the grate; the secondary combusting chamber is formed above the gasifying chamber, and secondary air and circulatory flue gas enter a hearth from the side surface of the secondary combusting chamber respectively to promote burn-out of combustible gas in the secondary combusting chamber and reduce the overall temperature of the secondary combusting chamber. The gasifying incinerator can effectively overcome various defects caused by a traditional household garbage incineration way and has the advantages that bottom ash has low carbon content, NOx emission is ultralow, concentration of fly ash is ultralow and the like, a flue gas treatment system is simplified, and investment cost and operation cost are reduced greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of waste incineration, in particular to a kind of gasification burning being applied to high heating value house refuse
Stove.
Background technology
In recent years, waste incineration is increasingly paid attention to as the main flow treatment measures of domestic and international house refuse, and rubbish burns
The share burnt also improves year by year.With the reinforcement of society environmental protection consciousness, government wants to flue gas of refuse burning discharge
Ask also gradually severe, conventional incineration pattern exposes its drawback gradually, that is, due in flue gas pollutant levels height make at flue gas
Reason cost is more and more higher, the reliability of the dust deposit in furnace coking process influence unit operation frequently occurring, and exploitation can meet
Incineration treatment of garbage demand can reduce that to invest with the junk-free treatment technology of operating cost be the direction of Future Development again.
At present main flow technology of garbage disposal all adopts direct burn down mode, apply more incinerator be mainly grate furnace with
CFBB.For the grate furnace that technology is more ripe, due to taking the technique of direct burning, and primary air flow is relatively
Greatly, often account for 70% total blast volume share so that the nox producing in burning process is more, cause smoke processing system complicated,
Operating cost is higher, occur that flying dust amount is big, dust deposit in furnace, coking and high temperature corrosion serious the problems such as, that causes that equipment runs can
Reduce by property.CFBB adopts inert bed material fluidized incineration house refuse, has that incineration temperature is low, the life of nox concentration
The advantages of one-tenth amount is little, burn-off rate is high, but, exhaust gas dust concentration is high and equipment failure rate height limits it and applies on a large scale.
Content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of incinerator being applied to high heating value house refuse, institute
State incinerator and be divided into vaporizer and dual firing chamber's two parts, the bottom of vaporizer adopts horizontal fire grate, the bottom of described fire grate
Portion configures First air wind cabin；Described dual firing chamber is located at described vaporizer top, and secondary wind and circulating flue gas are respectively from described two combustions
Room side enters burner hearth, to promote the after-flame of fuel gas and the bulk temperature reducing described dual firing chamber in described dual firing chamber.
In one example, described fire grate adopts four sections of air distributions, and every section all configures described First air wind cabin, is controlled with independent
Air quantity.
In one example, the length of described dual firing chamber, width are identical with described vaporizer.
In one example, described vaporizer top is the stove internal partition wall being made by flame-proof thermal insulation material, in described stove every
Wall provides radiant heating for gasification.
In one example, arrange one group of circulating flue gas jet pipe and secondary wind jet pipe at described gasification chamber outlet, control
Flue-gas temperature is less than 950 DEG C, to ensure the decomposition of two English and the deflagrate of combustible.
In one example, another group of circulating flue gas jet pipe and secondary wind jet pipe are arranged in described dual firing chamber, with a high speed
Promote the mixing of circulating flue gas, secondary wind and the flue gas discharged from described vaporizer.
In one example, the left side configuration feed chute of described incinerator, the outside side wall of described feed chute
Arrangement chute water cooling plant, the top connection charging aperture of described feed chute, the bottom of described feed chute connects described fire grate
Leading portion.
In one example, the latter end connection slag dropping tube of described fire grate, described incinerator is adjacent to described slag dropping tube
The lower disposed flame-observing hole of side furnace wall, by burning of described flame-observing hole rubbish bed of material on described fire grate come Real Time Observation
Burning situation.
In one example, described incinerator furnace wall top goes out adjacent to location arrangements one burner hearth of described charging aperture
Mouthful, flue gas passes through described furnace outlet and discharges described incinerator.
In one example, the rubbish bed of material on described fire grate is in anoxia vaporized state, suppresses described rubbish with effective
Fuel bound nitrogen in the bed of material is to the conversion of nitrogen oxides.
Can be with effectively solving tradition according to gasification provided by the present invention plus burning integral type chamber structure and blowing system
The various drawbacks that consumer waste incineration mode is brought, have that carbon content in the bottom ash is low, ultralow nox discharge capacity, ultralow flying dust concentration etc.
Advantage, simplifies smoke processing system so that investment and operating cost substantially reduce.
Brief description
The drawings below of the present invention is used for understanding the present invention in this as the part of the present invention.Shown in the drawings of this
Bright embodiment and its description, for explaining the principle of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross sectional view of existing waste incineration machinery grate furnace；
Fig. 2 is the incinerator chamber structure being applied to high heating value house refuse according to exemplary embodiment of the present
Schematic cross sectional view.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, a large amount of concrete details are given to provide more thorough understanding of the invention.So
And, it is obvious to the skilled person that the present invention can one or more of these details and be able to
Implement.In other examples, in order to avoid obscuring with the present invention, some technical characteristics well known in the art are not entered
Row description.
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, detailed method and step and/or structure will be proposed in following description.Obviously,
The execution of the present invention is not limited to specific details appreciated by those skilled in the art.Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is detailed
It is described as follows, but in addition to these describe in detail, the present invention can also have other embodiment.
It should be appreciated that the present invention can be implemented in different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to propose here
Embodiment.On the contrary, it is open thoroughly and complete to provide these embodiments will make, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to
Those skilled in the art.In the accompanying drawings, in order to clear, the size in Ceng He area and relative size may be exaggerated.From start to finish
Same reference numerals represent identical element.
It should be appreciated that when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " inclusion ", it indicates that presence is described
Feature, entirety, step, operation, element and/or assembly, but do not preclude the presence or addition of other features one or more, entirety,
Step, operation, element, assembly and/or combinations thereof." one " of singulative, " one " and " described/should " be also intended to including
Plural form, unless context is expressly noted that other mode.
Based on directly burning, mechanical kiln grate furnace is its main flow to existing incinerator.Fig. 1 shows a kind of mechanical kiln
Grate furnace, including charging aperture 101, feed fire grate 102, the fire grate 103 for waste incineration being located in burner hearth, is located at and burns fire grate
The First air air feed system 104 of bottom, the secondary wind air feed system 105 being located at furnace throat portion and slag extractor 106.Described First air
Send into from the described air compartment burning fire grate bottom, described secondary wind is sent into from the furnace throat portion of described incinerator.
Burn fire grate and be monolithically fabricated siege for burning away the refuse, described siege along be longitudinally divided into dryer section, burning zone and
After-flame section, burns the overall edge of fire grate and is longitudinally divided into multiple burning units, usually 5 units, and each burning unit is by multiple cunnings
Dynamic fire grate segment, travelling grate piece and fixed grate film composition.Rubbish pours described incinerator into from charging aperture, by being fed stove
Burned, in rubbish described in described dryer section on siege in the reciprocating effect described rubbish described incinerator of entrance of row
It is oven-dried, is dehydrated, described rubbish is mainly burnt in described burning zone, burnt totally through the rubbish of after-flame section, it
Remaining slag enters slag extractor afterwards, is discharged out of the furnace by slag extractor.
The shortcoming of the mechanical kiln grate furnace shown in Fig. 1 is that high intensity directly burns a large amount of nox of generation and flue gas flying dust concentration
Higher, this can cause a series of corresponding problems, such as smoke processing system complexity, operating cost height, dust deposit in furnace, coking and height
Warm seriously corroded etc..
Have the advantages that incineration temperature is low, nox yield is little using the incinerator of Incineration in CFB technology, but
It is that flue gas flying dust concentration height, incinerator equipment failure rate constrain the large-scale application of such incinerator the shortcomings of high.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem that existing incinerator has, the present invention provides one kind to be applied to hyperpyrexia
The incinerator of value house refuse, described incinerator is divided into vaporizer and dual firing chamber's two parts, and the bottom of vaporizer is adopted
Use horizontal fire grate, the bottom configuration First air wind cabin of described fire grate；Described dual firing chamber is located at described vaporizer top, secondary wind
Enter burner hearth with circulating flue gas from described dual firing chamber side respectively, to promote the after-flame of fuel gas and reduction in described dual firing chamber
The bulk temperature of described dual firing chamber.
Burning integral type chamber structure, Yi Jilu are added according to the gasification being applied to high heating value house refuse that the present invention provides
Inner second air, circulating flue gas jetting device, it is possible to achieve high burn-off rate, ultralow nitrogen oxides (nox) discharge, ultralow flying dust are dense
Degree, the cleaning gasification burning process of low two English discharges, need not increase later stage denitrating technique and can achieve that nox discharge is less than
100mg/nm3Requirement, simultaneously reduce load of dust remove, greatly reduce system investments and operating cost, increased unit operation
Reliability.
As shown in Fig. 2 the incinerator being applied to high heating value house refuse that the present invention provides is divided into vaporizer and two
Combustion room two parts, the bottom of vaporizer adopts horizontal fire grate 4, and fire grate 4 adopts four sections of air distributions, and every section all configures First air wind cabin
5, can individually control air quantity；Dual firing chamber is located at vaporizer top, and length, width be identical with vaporizer, secondary wind and circulation cigarette
Edema caused by disorder of QI does not enter burner hearth from dual firing chamber side, to promote the after-flame of fuel gas and the overall temperature reducing dual firing chamber in dual firing chamber
Degree.
The left side configuration feed chute 1 of incinerator, the outside side wall arrangement chute water cooling plant 2 of feed chute 1, enters
The top connection charging aperture of material chute 1, the bottom of feed chute 1 connects the leading portion of fire grate 4.The latter end connection slag dropping tube of fire grate 4
6, the lower disposed flame-observing hole 14 of the side furnace wall 7 of neighbouring slag dropping tube 6, fire grate 4 can be located at Real Time Observation by flame-observing hole 14
On the rubbish bed of material 3 burning situation.Stove is passed through adjacent to the location arrangements furnace outlet 13 of charging aperture, flue gas in the top of furnace wall 7
Thorax outlet 13 discharge incinerator.
When incinerator runs, rubbish enters the leading portion of fire grate 4 by feed chute 1, then is automatically pushed to position by pusher
Form the rubbish bed of material 3 above the fire grate of vaporizer bottom, the rubbish bed of material 3 is slowly pushed under reciprocating motion pattern by fire grate 4
Slag dropping tube 6 direction, the reciprocating motion of fire grate 4 also functions to the effect of material toggling mixing simultaneously, so that gasification is easier to make for.Once
Wind passes through First air wind cabin 5 and sends into from the bottom of fire grate 4, and the air quantity of different sections is adjustable, can provide gasification by actual demand
Oxygen needed for process.Vaporizer top is the stove internal partition wall 8 being made by flame-proof thermal insulation material, its temperature when incinerator runs
Degree is identical with flue-gas temperature, provides radiant heating for gasification.
Gasification interior is in anaerobic condition and runs, and flue gas combustible concentration is higher.At gasification chamber outlet, one group of arrangement is followed
Ring flue gas jet pipe 9 and secondary wind jet pipe 10, play oxygen needed for aftercombustion and the effect reducing combustion product gases temperature, control cigarette
Temperature degree is less than 950 DEG C it is ensured that the deflagrate of the decomposition of two English and combustible.
Because gasification interior is in anaerobic condition, First air air quantity is compared traditional grate furnace burning mode and is greatly reduced, and makes
The flying dust amount that carries of flue gas substantially reduces, therefore, dust deposit in furnace, coking and high temperature corrosion risk reduction, flue gas purification system
Can also greatly simplify.Anoxia gasification makes the fuel bound nitrogen in the rubbish bed of material 3 reduce to the conversion of nox, reduces from source
The source of nox.
Arrange another group of circulating flue gas jet pipe 11 and secondary wind jet pipe 12 again in dual firing chamber, circulation cigarette is promoted with high speed
The mixing of gas, secondary wind and the flue gas discharged from vaporizer is it is ensured that the after-flame of combustible.
The design of flue gas recirculation and grading secondary air can be greatly reduced with the combustion process of effective control fuel gas
The generation of nox, longer flue gas flow can ensure that enough time of staying make two English decompose completely.
The incinerator being applied to high heating value house refuse of this offer has the advantage that
(1) due to using gasification plus burn integral type chamber structure, the indoor primary air flow of gasification be greatly decreased it is ensured that
Flue gas carries the reduction of flying dust amount, can effectively slow down dust deposit in furnace, coking and high temperature corrosion speed, increases waste heat boiler heat transfer
Efficiency, and reduce the dedusting workload of flue gas purification system；
(2) the rubbish bed of material on fire grate is in anoxia vaporized state, can effectively suppress fuel bound nitrogen in the rubbish bed of material to
The conversion of nox, reduces the source of nox from source；
(3) adopt flue gas recirculating technique to control fire box temperature below 950 DEG C, can effectively suppress dual firing chamber's heating power type
The formation of nox；
(4) hierarchical arrangement of flue gas recirculation and secondary wind can reduce fire with the combustion process of severity control fuel gas
Oxygen level in flame, with the generation of severity control nox, therefore, the nox content from the flue gas that dual firing chamber's outlet is discharged can be protected
Card is in 100mg/nm3Hereinafter, do not need to take any denitrification in the gas cleaning stage.
The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but it is to be understood that, above-described embodiment is only intended to
Citing and descriptive purpose, and be not intended to limit the invention in described scope of embodiments.In addition people in the art
Member, it is understood that the invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, can also make more kinds of according to the teachings of the present invention
Variants and modifications, within these variants and modifications all fall within scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention by
The appended claims and its equivalent scope are defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of incinerator being applied to high heating value house refuse is it is characterised in that described incinerator is divided into gasification
Room and dual firing chamber's two parts, the bottom of vaporizer adopts horizontal fire grate, the bottom configuration First air wind cabin of described fire grate；Described
Dual firing chamber is located at described vaporizer top, and secondary wind and circulating flue gas enter burner hearth from described dual firing chamber side respectively, to promote
The after-flame of fuel gas and the bulk temperature reducing described dual firing chamber in described dual firing chamber.
2. incinerator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fire grate adopts four sections of air distributions, is all joined for every section
Put described First air wind cabin, control air quantity with independent.
3. incinerator according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the length of described dual firing chamber, width and described gas
Change room identical.
4. incinerator according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described vaporizer top is by flame-proof thermal insulation material
The stove internal partition wall making, described stove internal partition wall provides radiant heating for gasification.
5. incinerator according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that arrange one group of circulation at described gasification chamber outlet
Flue gas jet pipe and secondary wind jet pipe, control flue-gas temperature to be less than 950 DEG C, to ensure the decomposition of two English and the fast quick burning of combustible
Burn.
6. incinerator according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that arrange another group of circulation cigarette in described dual firing chamber
Gas blowout pipe and secondary wind jet pipe, promote the mixing of circulating flue gas, secondary wind and the flue gas discharged from described vaporizer with high speed.
7. the incinerator according to any one of claim 1-6 is it is characterised in that the left side of described incinerator
Configuration feed chute, the outside side wall arrangement chute water cooling plant of described feed chute, the top of described feed chute connect into
Material mouth, the bottom of described feed chute connects the leading portion of described fire grate.
8. incinerator according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that the latter end connection slag dropping tube of described fire grate, described
Incinerator adjacent to the lower disposed flame-observing hole of the side furnace wall of described slag dropping tube, by described flame-observing hole come Real Time Observation position
The burning situation of the rubbish bed of material on described fire grate.
9. incinerator according to claim 7 is it is characterised in that described incinerator furnace wall top is adjacent to described
Location arrangements one furnace outlet of charging aperture, flue gas passes through described furnace outlet and discharges described incinerator.
10. incinerator according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that the rubbish bed of material on described fire grate is in anoxia
Vaporized state, effectively to suppress the conversion to nitrogen oxides for the fuel bound nitrogen in the described rubbish bed of material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610838265.8A CN106352343B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | Incinerator suitable for high heating value house refuse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610838265.8A CN106352343B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | Incinerator suitable for high heating value house refuse |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106352343A true CN106352343A (en) | 2017-01-25 |
| CN106352343B CN106352343B (en) | 2019-03-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201610838265.8A Active CN106352343B (en) | 2016-09-21 | 2016-09-21 | Incinerator suitable for high heating value house refuse |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106931429A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-07 | 山东百川同创能源有限公司 | A kind of gasification, and combustion all-in-one oven |
| CN110006047A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Refuse incinerator and refuse gasification incinerator |
| CN110645567A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-03 | 辽宁绿源能源环保科技集团有限责任公司 | Pulverized coal boiler structure and pulverized coal combustion method |
| CN110848701A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-28 | 陕西润和环保科技有限公司 | Internal heating type garbage gasification incinerator device |
| CN111981489A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 重庆川然节能技术有限公司 | Incinerator secondary combustion chamber smoke temperature self-adjusting system |
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| CN110645567A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-03 | 辽宁绿源能源环保科技集团有限责任公司 | Pulverized coal boiler structure and pulverized coal combustion method |
| CN110848701A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-28 | 陕西润和环保科技有限公司 | Internal heating type garbage gasification incinerator device |
| CN111981489A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 重庆川然节能技术有限公司 | Incinerator secondary combustion chamber smoke temperature self-adjusting system |
| CN111981489B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2023-05-16 | 重庆川然节能技术有限公司 | Smoke temperature self-adjusting system for secondary combustion chamber of incinerator |
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