CN205174391U - Modified grate furnace waste incineration device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an improved garbage incineration device for a grate furnace. An air inlet is arranged on the rear arch of the furnace of the garbage incinerator. It is also connected with the furnace outlet flue of the incinerator; the economizer outlet of the waste heat boiler merges with the pipeline connected to the air inlet of the furnace rear arch through the pipeline; there is also a circulation fan on the pipeline, and an air conditioner is installed at the inlet of the circulation fan bypass. The utility model recycles the hot flue gas at the tail part of the furnace and the hot flue gas at the outlet of the economizer with a certain oxygen content, which not only satisfies the drying and preheating of the garbage, the disturbance and combustion of the flue gas, but also It can effectively reduce the amount of combustion air and the total amount of flue gas introduced, and reasonably control the oxygen content in the combustion area, which is conducive to improving the combustion quality of garbage, and is also conducive to improving the utilization efficiency of combustion heat energy and reducing the pollutant content in the exhaust flue gas .

Description

An Improved Grate Furnace Garbage Incineration Device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of domestic garbage treatment, in particular to an improved grate furnace garbage incineration device.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the national economy and the acceleration of the urbanization process, people's living standards are improving day by day, and the amount of municipal solid waste is increasing. Getting rid of the dependence on a large amount of land resources and meeting the dual requirements of environmental protection and resource utilization will gradually become the main way of garbage disposal.

In recent years, under the encouragement of the national industrial policy of domestic waste reduction, harmlessness and recycling, my country's waste incineration industry has entered a period of rapid development. At present, the main application in China is the direct incineration treatment of grate furnace and waste heat power generation technology, which effectively realizes the harmless treatment and resource utilization of domestic waste. However, my country's waste incineration has the following problems: domestic waste has low calorific value, high moisture, heavy ash, and large seasonal changes, which are not conducive to stable combustion. In order to achieve effective drying and preheating of waste, the traditional design of the drying section A large amount of primary air is introduced into the chamber, which is beneficial to promote the drying of the garbage, but also increases the excessive air required for combustion, thereby increasing the total amount of flue gas and affecting the overall operation level; For the full combustion of unburned flue gas, the traditional secondary air design also introduces too much air required for combustion to a certain extent.

Further improve the reliability of combustion, realize the full combustion of garbage, further improve the efficiency of combustion, control and reduce the excess air of combustion, so as to further improve the technical level of waste incineration and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the industry. research focus.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a grate furnace waste incineration device and process, using the device described in the utility model can ensure the uniform mixing and full combustion of the flue gas at the furnace outlet, effectively control the amount of combustion air, and reduce the amount of smoke The total amount of gas.

The utility model achieves the above object by taking the following technical solutions:

1. An improved grate furnace waste incineration device, including an incinerator and a waste heat boiler. The incinerator includes a furnace outlet and a furnace back arch. The furnace back arch of the incinerator is provided with an air inlet, and the air inlet passes through the pipeline and The waste drying section of the incinerator is connected to the furnace exhaust air chamber, and is connected to the furnace exit flue of the incinerator through a pipeline, and a suction device for circulating flue gas is also installed on the pipeline.

Preferably, an air conditioning bypass is provided at the inlet of the air extraction device.

Preferably, the waste heat boiler includes an economizer, and the outlet of the economizer merges with the pipeline connected to the air inlet of the rear arch of the furnace through a pipeline.

Preferably, the furnace outlet flue of the incinerator is a traditional secondary air upper flue at the furnace outlet.

Preferably, the air extracting device is a circulation fan, and the circulation fan is used for flue gas circulation at the air inlet of the rear arch of the furnace and the outlet of the economizer.

The utility model discloses an improved grate furnace garbage incineration device, which is improved on the basis of mature grate furnace technology and traditional combustion-supporting air primary/secondary air arrangement, and mainly includes hot flue gas at the tail of the incinerator furnace Recycling and improvement of economizer outlet hot flue gas recycling.

The transmission grate furnace technology means that the garbage falls to the feeding platform through the chute, and then is pushed to the inclined grate surface by the pusher trolley, and gradually moves down with the reciprocating motion of the grate pieces, and is discharged under the primary/secondary air and furnace chamber. Under the action of thermal radiation, etc., drying, combustion and embers are gradually realized. The primary/secondary air heated by the preheater is respectively passed into the air chamber under the grate and the outlet of the incinerator hearth. The burnt slag enters the slag discharge device through the slag outlet at the tail of the grate, and the furnace flue gas enters the waste heat boiler to realize waste heat utilization, and then is discharged into the atmosphere after being treated by a purification process.

The improvement of the utility model is that an air inlet is set on the rear arch of the incinerator furnace, and the high-temperature flue gas (generally 250-450°C) at the tail of the furnace is extracted by a circulating fan, and the high-temperature flue gas is transported to the garbage drying section through the pipeline. The grate air chamber is used as the primary air to dry and preheat the garbage. In addition, the high-temperature flue gas can also be used as combustion-supporting flue gas to pass into the flue at the furnace exit. Since the slag in the burn-out section consumes less oxygen, the high-temperature flue gas still contains a certain amount of oxygen. In some batches of waste incineration If the oxygen content in the high-temperature flue gas extracted in batches is low, the oxygen content of the combustion-supporting flue gas can be achieved by setting a normal temperature air conditioning bypass at the inlet of the circulating fan. Moreover, the normal temperature air conditioning bypass also has the function of regulating the temperature of the circulating flue gas.

Another improvement of the utility model is that the high-temperature flue gas (generally 160-260°C) that also contains a certain oxygen content is extracted from the outlet of the economizer at the tail of the waste heat boiler, and is extracted by the same circulation fan as above, and is connected with the back arch of the furnace. The flue gas extracted from the air inlet is mixed for subsequent recycling.

The utility model can reasonably adjust the temperature and oxygen content of the circulating flue gas according to the actual situation of different batches of rubbish burning.

The circulating hot flue gas with low oxygen content is passed into the air chamber under the grate in the drying section, which reduces the need for preheating of the traditional primary air (currently domestic heating is generally required to be 200-300 ℃), and plays a role in the treatment of wet garbage. The function of drying and preheating reduces the input of air.

At the same time, according to the traditional secondary air design method, the circulating hot flue gas with low oxygen content is injected as the tertiary air, and the injection inlet is set in the upper flue of the traditional secondary air, forming a long area of flue gas mixing and combustion channels. Although there are few unburned embers in the flue gas at the furnace outlet, its composition and temperature are unevenly distributed. This process can achieve uniform mixing and full combustion of the flue gas at the furnace outlet on the premise of appropriately reducing the traditional secondary air volume. , can also effectively control the oxygen content in this area, and achieve low emission of pollutants in the combustion flue gas.

The source of the circulating hot flue gas described in the utility model includes the furnace of the incinerator and the economizer, and the destination includes the exhaust air chamber of the garbage drying section and the upper flue of the traditional secondary air. within the scope of protection of the invention.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model recycles the hot flue gas at the tail of the furnace containing a certain oxygen content and the hot flue gas at the outlet of the economizer, and passes it into the drying section furnace that only needs heat as primary air. The exhaust chamber dries and preheats the garbage, and as the tertiary air is passed into the flue gas combustion area at the furnace exit with less oxygen demand, so as to promote the uniform mixing and full combustion of the flue gas in the area, which not only meets the requirements of drying and preheating of the garbage. It can effectively reduce the amount of combustion air and the total amount of flue gas introduced, and reasonably control the oxygen content in the combustion area, which is conducive to improving the combustion quality of garbage and improving the efficiency of combustion heat energy. Utilize efficiency and reduce the pollutant content in the exhaust flue gas. The utility model can promote the stable combustion and complete combustion of domestic waste with low calorific value and high water content, and improve the technical level of domestic waste incineration treatment and waste heat utilization.

Description of drawings

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present utility model clearer, the following drawings are provided:

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the grate furnace waste incineration device.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below. For the experimental methods that do not specify specific conditions in the examples, usually follow the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer.

The schematic diagram of the grate furnace waste incineration device is shown in Figure 1. The waste falls through the chute 1 onto the feeding platform 2, and is pushed onto the inclined grate surface 4 by the pushing trolley 3, and gradually moves down with the reciprocating motion of the grate pieces. Under the action of primary/secondary air and furnace heat radiation, etc., drying, combustion and embers are gradually realized, wherein the primary air (I) 5 and secondary air 6 heated by the preheater are passed into the air below the grate respectively. The exit flue of the chamber and the furnace. The burnt slag enters the slag discharge device 7 through the slag outlet at the tail of the grate and is discharged, and the flue gas from the furnace exit enters the waste heat boiler 8 to realize waste heat utilization, and then is discharged into the atmosphere after being purified by the purification device 14 .

An air inlet 9 is provided on the rear arch of the incinerator hearth, which is used to extract part of the high-temperature flue gas at the tail of the furnace, and is drawn out by the circulating fan 10 as combustion-supporting flue gas, and a normal temperature air conditioning bypass 11 is set at the inlet of the circulating fan.

Preferably, part of the high-temperature flue gas can be extracted at the outlet of the economizer 12 at the tail of the waste heat boiler, and drawn out by the circulating fan 10 as combustion-supporting flue gas, and combined with the high-temperature flue gas extracted from the air inlet 9 and the normal temperature air conditioning bypass 11 Adjust the wind mix.

Reasonably set the extraction flow rate of high-temperature flue gas, and adjust the air at normal temperature according to the operating conditions to form circulating hot flue gas with a certain temperature and a certain oxygen content. After the hot flue gas is drawn out by the circulating fan, it is divided into two routes, one as the primary air (II) 5 and sent to the furnace exhaust chamber of the drying section, and the other as the tertiary air 13 to the traditional secondary air 6 upper flue at the furnace outlet.

Finally, it is noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not limit them. Although the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that it can be described in the form Various changes can be made to it in details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. An improved grate furnace waste incineration device, comprising an incinerator and a waste heat boiler, the incinerator includes a furnace outlet and a furnace back arch, it is characterized in that an air inlet is provided on the furnace rear arch of the incinerator, and the air inlet It is connected to the exhaust air chamber of the garbage drying section of the incinerator through pipelines, and connected to the flue exit of the furnace of the incinerator through pipelines, and a suction device for circulating flue gas is also arranged on the pipelines. 2. An improved grate furnace waste incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that an air conditioning bypass is provided at the inlet of the air extraction device. 3. An improved grate furnace waste incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste heat boiler includes an economizer, and the outlet of the economizer is connected to the air inlet of the furnace rear arch through a pipeline. Roads converge. 4. An improved grate furnace waste incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flue at the furnace outlet of the incinerator is a traditional secondary air upper flue at the furnace outlet. 5. An improved grate furnace waste incineration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the air extraction device is a circulation fan, and the circulation fan is used for the flue gas from the air inlet of the rear arch of the furnace and the outlet of the economizer. gas cycle.