CN1410176A - Solid waste material vertical solidifying and gasifying technique secondary power generation comprehensive utilization method - Google Patents
Solid waste material vertical solidifying and gasifying technique secondary power generation comprehensive utilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1410176A CN1410176A CN 02138684 CN02138684A CN1410176A CN 1410176 A CN1410176 A CN 1410176A CN 02138684 CN02138684 CN 02138684 CN 02138684 A CN02138684 A CN 02138684A CN 1410176 A CN1410176 A CN 1410176A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
A method for comprehensively utilizing the solid discards (garbage) includes such steps as breaking and die-pressing the fresh life garbage to become dense solid garbage rods; gasifying them a reversed fire gasification furnace to obtain clean combustible gas; supplying it to IC engine for electricity generation; introducing the afterheat to a low-pressure boiler to generate steam, supplying it to low-pressure steam power generator for electricity generation, and utilizing the dregs and afterheat by regeneration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of solid-state castoff comprehensive utilization of resources, the straight formula of particularly a kind of solid-state castoff is solidified gasifying process secondary electricity generation comprehensive use.
Technical background
With the house refuse is the solid waste of key component, is a kind of primary pollution source of destroying the environment for human survival ecological balance.Especially the exposed harmful components that produced of stacking of a large amount of house refuses in the cities and towns have caused severe contamination for atmosphere, water body, soil, people and animals.
Along with the quickening of urbanization pace of construction, the expansion of town dweller's population, the raising of citizen's level of consumption, the increase of solids package material usage, application of city life garbage output is increasing year by year.The pollution that this house refuse caused becomes the world's one big public hazards.
For this reason both at home and abroad all in the outlet of actively seeking with house refuse " minimizing, innoxious, resource ".At present aspect garbage as resource utilizes, main waste incineration and generating electricity methods, rubbish process for preparing fertilizer, the sanitary landfill method three big technological achievements of adopting of some countries.
But the technological deficiency of these three kinds of methods is: all can not effectively solve the secondary pollution problem in the garbage disposal.Promptly concentrate and stack the stink that back rubbish self produces, (mouth) England Premier League mark is disliked in two in the waste incineration (mouth), and the heavy metal in the rubbish composting mixes, a large amount of methane gas emptyings in the garbage sanitary filling, a large amount of effusion polluted-water.Vertical have landfill yard to utilize methane generation technology, sewage purifying treatment technology, but can only be " first pollution in wide area, back fraction are administered ".
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve is exactly that existing technology of garbage disposal can produce the problem that secondary pollution and existing waste resources are underutilized.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention handles rubbish by following five steps:
(1) rubbish solidifies: will produce fresh house refuse daily, and be pressed into compact substance solidly solid refuse barred body through pulverizing, adding;
(2) refuse gasification: the solid refuse barred body is added anti-fiery gasification furnace destructive distillation, generate clean fuel gas;
(3) gasifying electricity generation: the clean fuel gas IC engine supply generating that will generate;
(4) secondary electricity generation: collect the waste heat of internal combustion engine generator, send into low-pressure boiler and generate steam, utilize the steam that generates to promote the generating of low-pressure steam machine, carry out secondary electricity generation;
(5) the slag thing utilizes: with slag thing, waste heat regeneration.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, domestic garbage resource rate height.The house refuse of handling through the present invention does not almost remain the slag thing, thereby makes consumer waste regenerated utilization rate near reaching 100%.
2, the process of realization domestic garbage resource does not produce secondary pollution.The present invention compares with pandemic waste incineration and generating electricity, garbage compost, Sanitation Landfill Technology for Refuse, because the technology advanced person who adopts, thereby secondary pollutions such as the sewage of having avoided forming in the garbage disposal process, waste gas, surplus slag.
3, project investment is few.All devices is production domesticization; Device structure is simple, and Installation and Debugging are convenient; Need be little with land area, land expropriation cost is low; Therefore the project gross investment only is the 1/7-1/8 of external equal scale.
4, solved the bale broken problem of bagged garbage.The present invention is that remaining 120 ℃-140 ℃ generator tail gas realizes that the polybag of putting fresh house refuse breaks after utilizing secondary electricity generation.This had both realized UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, had saved broken bag equipment; Solved the problem that can not directly sort behind the domestic waste bagging again, made the technology of garbage as resource also help promoting the work of house refuse bagging.
5, solved the pollution problem of rubbish effusion.The present invention utilizes remaining 120 ℃-140 ℃ generator tail gas after the secondary electricity generation, water content about 50% dryings of the fresh house refuse of daily output are evaporated to below 15%, this had both realized UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, saved and be used for the heavy oil or the kerosene of garbage drying, the generation of having stopped secondary pollution problems such as rubbish effusion polluted-water, soil again.
6. solved the bad-smell problem that rubbish concentrates stacking to be produced.The present invention adds fresh house refuse that to be pressed into intensity be hard solid state rubbish barred body more than the 5.0MPa, has effectively stoped rubbish to be concentrated and has stacked the stink that the back self produces.
7, the energy and processing cost have been saved.The present invention is being processed into fresh house refuse in the process of compact substance solidly rubbish rod, does not need to add coal or any auxiliary fuel such as coal dust, heavy oil that improves calorific value.
8, the high-quality good remote conveying of also being convenient to of the fuel gas output that is used to generate electricity of Sheng Chaning.1 ton of density solidly rubbish rod can produce the 1500m3 fuel gas, wherein carbon monoxide content reaches more than 16%, hydrogen content reaches about 15%, methane content reaches about 5%, and this has solved rubbish and has not pulverized the difficult problem that the complicated gas componant of burning and producing purifies.
9, solve dioxin and generated a difficult problem in a large number.The present invention adopts washing, the cooling technology of the anti-internal heatization of rubbish and other maturations, the fuel gas outlet temperature that " anti-internal heat producer " can be produced, from acute cold plunging more than 850 ℃, generate probability in 2 seconds thereby reduce dioxin significantly to below 60 ℃.According to the monitoring of China Notified body, the dioxin of " the anti-fiery gasification furnace of rubbish " generate content only be JIS 1/25, European Union member countries' standard 1/5, China's standard 1/50, reached the degree that is not enough to endanger health of people.
10, created the technology of generating electricity with the waste of low heating value direct gasification.The present invention generates clean fuel gas with compact substance solidly rubbish rod, directly supplies the generating of low heat value internal combustion engine.This has reformed waste incineration and has produced steam, promotes the conventional process techniques of steam turbine generating again.
11, the large number quipments funds have been saved.The present invention has saved and generate electricity with steam supporting huge steam boiler, heat exchanger and manufacturing water-softening plant, has saved construction investment, has cut down operation, maintenance cost
12, started the precedent of house refuse secondary electricity generation, the project total benefit can improve more than 40%.This successful Application of utilizing house refuse secondary electricity generation technology is the optimal selection that domestic garbage resource is handled.
13, the comprehensive utilization of slag thing, the heat energy that solid-state house refuse is contained discharges fully and uses, solid-state domestic garbage resource rate is brought up to more than 97%, improve the economic benefit that solid-state domestic garbage resource utilizes, more helped the popularization that solid-state domestic garbage resource utilizes project.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention
1-rubbish feed bin 2-broken bag 3-manual sorting 4-rubbish is pulverized 5-extrusion modling 6-gasification 7-gas generating 8-generating waste-heat and is utilized the surplus slag of 9-generating waste-heat steam boiler 10-steam-driven generator 11-to utilize 12-generating online 13-UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN constant temperature greenhouse
Below in conjunction with process chart the present invention is described in further detail:
(1), rubbish solidifies
To produce daily fresh house refuse be transported to solidify the place after, at first to crack for the polybag load garbage polybag, prior art generally is to crack with special broken bag equipment, the present invention is with through being to still have 120 ℃-140 ℃ the generator tail gas packed polybag of rubbish that breaks after the secondary electricity generation after utilizing, and makes the polybag that breaks apart become the state of scattering to enter open type letter sorting conveyer belt together with rubbish; Then, by manually rigid goods such as plastics, glass, rubber, tire, wood strip being sorted out, with magnetic separator with the metal sucking-off; It is block fiber about 10mm that rubbish after will being sorted by pulverizer again is ground into length; Meanwhile, utilize the generator tail gas that has more than 100 ℃, the moisture that the back becomes block rubbish is pulverized in dry evaporation, and water content about 50% dryings of the fresh house refuse of daily output are evaporated to below 15%; With the rubbish single lead screw ex truding briquetting machine rubbish is added at last that to be pressed into intensity be solidly rubbish barred body more than the 5.0MPa.
(2), refuse gasification
To add the solid-state rubbish barred body that is pressed into and send in the burner hearth of " the anti-fiery gasification furnace of rubbish ", when solid-state rubbish barred body to the burner hearth uniform distribution during to the thickness of burner hearth 1/3, with a small amount of combustion-supporting material igniting; Meanwhile, start the roots blower swabbing action that is arranged on " the anti-fiery gasification furnace of rubbish " body of heater outside, under the roots blower swabbing action, allow burner hearth inside form the negative pressure state of 200 water columns, make the interior required oxidant (air) of stove from the body of heater burner hearth that enters suitable for reading, the high-temperature oxydation that violent (1000 ℃-1200 ℃) takes place with the solid-state rubbish rod that adds in the stove reacts, and generates high temperature carbon dioxide; Under roots blower continuous firing state, high temperature carbon dioxide is sucked in the reducing zone at burner hearth middle part, and wherein oxygen and carbon polymerization generate calorific values such as carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen at the 1100-1300kcal/m3 fuel gas; After washing, cooling, become the fuel gas of cleaning, normal temperature, supply with the generating of low heat value internal combustion engine; The residue slag thing of solid-state rubbish rod gasification back about 20%, discharging out of the furnace again by the slag-draining device in the stove, row utilizes.
Through experiment, 1 ton of density solidly rubbish rod can produce the 1500m3 fuel gas with, carbon monoxide content reaches more than 16% in the fuel gas, hydrogen content reaches about 15%, methane content reaches about 5%.
This anti-fiery gasification furnace is described in detail in application for a patent for invention number is 02263719.2 prospectus.
(3), gasifying electricity generation
With the fuel gas of calorific value at 1100-1300Kcal/m3 cleaning, normal temperature, be forced into below the 4kg, deliver to the 1000-1200kcal/m3 that is complementary with gas yield, quality low-calorie internal combustion engine generator (as Chinese patent:, the patent No.: 99227361.7) combustion power generation, after boosting, 400 volts of electric loads producing send into electrical network, simultaneously, temperature is discharged from the tail pipe mouth at generator tail gas more than 420 ℃.
(4), secondary electricity generation
With the gas more than 420 ℃ that discharge from the tail pipe mouth low heat value internal combustion engine generating back, dispatch produces 240 ℃ of turbine steams to the low-pressure steam boiler that matches, and promotes steam turbine generating online.100 ℃-140 ℃ the waste heat that steam generator tail end after the secondary electricity generation is discharged can be done two kinds of utilizations, the one, be used for step 1 and crack plastic garbage bag, the 2nd, deliver to thermostatical automatic control device, convert steady temperature to, supply with flowers as the constant temperature source of the gas and cultivate the base use.
The existing multiple prior art of thermostatical automatic control device can realize, does not give unnecessary details at this.
(5) the slag thing utilizes
The residue slag thing of 20-25% solid-state rubbish barred body gasification back is remaining, that discharge out of the furnace by slag-draining device, technology with maturation, make the well sold and in short supply industrial chemicals in market such as surface area activated carbon, high-purity S0, compound carbon black, and provide condition for deep processing.
Below be to utilize said method to carry out three concrete experiments of garbage disposal:
Experiment one:
1, implementation condition:
Anti-fiery gasification furnace internal diameter is 1.6m, and the stove height is 4.6m, and adding intensity is more than the 4.1MPa, 15 tons of the solid-state house refuse rods of day processing.
2, Beijing house refuse component:
Moisture content 11%, dirt 12%, animality 28%, vegetalitas 29%, paper 11%, plastics 9%.
3, experimental result:
Anti-fiery gasification furnace treating capacity every day: 30 tons of new refuses
Gasification reaction temperature: 1150 ℃-1210 ℃
Fuel gas outlet temperature: 20 ℃-26 ℃
The fuel gas composition: carbon monoxide content reaches that 16%-18%, hydrogen content reach 13%-15%, methane content reaches 4-5%
1 ton of intensity is above solid-state house refuse rod gas production: the 1500m3 of 5.0MPa
Internal combustion engine generator is sent out the 1KW electric consumption combustible gas scale of construction: 2.5m3
Experiment two:
1, implementation condition:
Anti-fiery gasification furnace internal diameter is 2.4m, and the stove height is 5.6m, and adding intensity is more than the 5.0MPa, 30 tons of the solid-state house refuse rods of day processing; One of 400KW internal combustion engine generator.
2, capital house refuse component:
Moisture content 14%, dirt 11%, animality 26%, vegetalitas 31%, paper 10%, plastics 8%.
3, experimental result:
Anti-fiery gasification furnace treating capacity every day: 60 tons of new refuses
Gasification reaction temperature: 1140 ℃-1200 ℃
Fuel gas outlet temperature: 21 ℃-28 ℃
The fuel gas composition: carbon monoxide content reaches that 16%-19%, hydrogen content reach 14%-16%, methane content reaches 5-6%
1 ton of intensity is above solid-state house refuse rod gas production: the 1500m3 of 5.0MPa
Internal combustion engine generator is sent out the 1KW electric consumption combustible gas scale of construction: 2.5m3
Experiment three:
1, implementation condition:
Path length 8m, wide 3.8m in the anti-fiery gasification furnace, the stove height is 5.6m, adding intensity is more than the 5.0MPa, 150 tons of the solid-state house refuse rods of day processing; 4 of 1000KW internal combustion engine generators.
2, Nanjing house refuse component:
Moisture content 14%, dirt 11%, animality 26%, vegetalitas 31%, paper 10%, plastics 8%.
3, experimental result:
Anti-fiery gasification furnace treating capacity every day: 300 tons
Gasification reaction temperature: 1140 ℃-1200 ℃
Fuel gas outlet temperature: 21 ℃-28 ℃
The fuel gas composition: carbon monoxide content reaches that 16%-19%, hydrogen content reach 14%-16%, methane content reaches 5-6%
1 ton of intensity is above solid-state house refuse rod gas production: the 1500m3 of 5.0MPa
Internal combustion engine generator is sent out the 1KW electric consumption combustible gas scale of construction: 2-2.5m3
Claims (8)
1, the straight formula of a kind of solid-state castoff is solidified gasifying process secondary electricity generation comprehensive use, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) rubbish solidifies: will produce fresh house refuse daily, and be pressed into compact substance solidly solid refuse barred body through separating, pulverize, adding;
(2) refuse gasification: the solid refuse barred body is added anti-fiery gasification furnace destructive distillation, generate clean fuel gas;
(3) gasifying electricity generation: the clean fuel gas IC engine supply generating that will generate;
(4) secondary electricity generation: collect the waste heat of internal combustion engine generator, send into low-pressure boiler and generate steam, utilize the steam that generates to promote the generating of low-pressure steam machine again, realize secondary electricity generation;
(5) the slag thing utilizes: with slag thing, waste heat regeneration.
2, the straight formula of solid-state castoff according to claim 1 is solidified gasification secondary electricity generation comprehensive use, it is characterized in that bagged garbage is handled by following step before the system rod:
(1) utilize the waste heat of generator to break the load garbage plastic packets and dry rubbish moisture content;
(2) utilize manual sorting's rubbish, rigid goods such as plastics, glass, rubber, tire, wood strip sorted out, with magnetic separator with the metal sucking-off;
(3) to be ground into length be block fiber about 10mm to the rubbish after will sorting;
(4) generator tail gas, the moisture that the back becomes block rubbish is pulverized in dry evaporation, and water content about 50% dryings of the fresh house refuse of daily output are evaporated to below 15%.
3, the straight formula of solid-state castoff according to claim 1 is solidified gasification secondary electricity generation comprehensive use, it is characterized in that the waste heat supply temperature that described generator is discharged should be more than 100 ℃.
4, the straight formula of solid-state castoff according to claim 1 is solidified gasification secondary electricity generation comprehensive use, make combustion adjuvant with air when it is characterized in that with anti-fiery gasification furnace destructive distillation solid refuse rod, and make suitable for reading the enter burner hearth of air from anti-fiery gasification furnace, help rubbish in the anti-from top to bottom fiery destructive distillation of burner hearth, become to give birth to fuel gas clean, that can make the internal combustion engine normal power generation.
5, the straight formula of solid-state castoff according to claim 1 is solidified gasification secondary electricity generation comprehensive use, it is characterized in that the solid refuse barred body needs to send into internal combustion engine through washing, cooling again after becoming the fuel gas of cleaning, normal temperature and being forced into below the 4kg through generating clean fuel gas after the anti-fiery gasification furnace destructive distillation.
6, solidify gasification secondary electricity generation comprehensive use according to claim 1 or the straight formula of 4 or 5 described solid-state castoffs, it is characterized in that described internal combustion engine generator is the low value internal combustion engine, the calorific value of the needed fuel gas of this internal combustion engine generator can be between 900-1200kcal/m3.
7, the straight formula of solid-state castoff according to claim 1 is solidified gasification secondary electricity generation comprehensive use, it is characterized in that 100 ℃-140 ℃ the waste heat that the steam generator tail end after the secondary electricity generation is discharged can do two kinds of utilizations, the one, be used to crack plastic garbage bag, the 2nd, deliver to thermostatical automatic control device, convert steady temperature to, supply with flowers as the constant temperature source of the gas and cultivate the base
8, the straight formula of solid-state castoff according to claim 1 is solidified gasification secondary electricity generation comprehensive use, it is characterized in that slag thing after the destructive distillation of sweet matter solidly solid refuse barred body is made superelevation level specific area activated carbon, high-purity SIO2, compound carbon black.
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| CN 02138684 CN1199739C (en) | 2002-11-28 | 2002-11-28 | Solid waste material vertical solidifying and gasifying technique secondary power generation comprehensive utilization method |
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| CN 02138684 CN1199739C (en) | 2002-11-28 | 2002-11-28 | Solid waste material vertical solidifying and gasifying technique secondary power generation comprehensive utilization method |
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| CN1410176A true CN1410176A (en) | 2003-04-16 |
| CN1199739C CN1199739C (en) | 2005-05-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101713304B (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-05-29 | 陈小刚 | Method for cycle power generation by carrying out wet decomposition pretreatment, dry distillation and gasification on domestic garbage |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100491828C (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-05-27 | 重庆科技学院 | Refuse incineration feeding device with drying function |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101713304B (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-05-29 | 陈小刚 | Method for cycle power generation by carrying out wet decomposition pretreatment, dry distillation and gasification on domestic garbage |
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