CN216655750U

CN216655750U - Organic garbage oxygen-insulation gasification power generation device

Info

Publication number: CN216655750U
Application number: CN202122699216.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵山山; 周建斌; 谢雪宁; 赵一简; 章一蒙; 黄瑜; 谢朝燮; 谢雅琪; 黎金盼; 黎海建; 黎晓; 赵兰硕; 马铭达; 李阳
Original assignee: Guangxi Mountain Hill Science And Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Mountain Hill Science And Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-05
Filing date: 2021-11-05
Publication date: 2022-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-05

Abstract

An organic garbage anaerobic gasification power generation device is characterized in that garbage is crushed by a crusher and then is injected into an upper inner container of an anaerobic gasification furnace through a conveyor and a feeding machine to be dried, generated water vapor is introduced into a gas collecting machine, the dried garbage falls into a lower inner container to be cracked, generated fuel gas enters the gas collecting machine, cracked garbage carbon slag is separated by a material separating device and enters a reciprocating grate to be combusted, the fuel gas is extracted by a fuel gas draught fan in the gas collecting machine, the fuel gas combustor supplies heat to a steam boiler to do work, generated steam is introduced to an expansion screw generator set to do work and generate power, the flue gas discharged from the anaerobic gasification furnace and the steam boiler is sent to a flue gas purifier to be purified, the tail gas is finally pumped into a chimney by a tail gas draught fan to be discharged, and generated wastewater is sent to a sewage processor to be treated and then discharged after reaching the standard. The device has the advantages of ingenious arrangement, high calorific value of the produced gas, stable power generation, low operation cost and no generation of dioxin.

Description

Organic garbage oxygen-insulation gasification power generation device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to an organic garbage anoxybiotic gasification power generation device.

Background

At present, the treatment modes of biomass wastes such as household garbage and the like mainly comprise two types of incineration and landfill. The biggest problem with sanitary landfills is the difficulty in selecting a site, and landfills away from cities will add more transportation costs. In addition, as the landfill disposal standard is improved, the disposal cost of the sanitary landfill method is increased. The main problems of landfill disposal are: 1) organic matters enter a landfill, and the landfill becomes a sewage processing plant; 2) and the volume weight of the garbage is different, and the foundation settlement is inevitable, so that the seepage-proof membrane is inevitable and cannot be damaged under the condition of large quantity and wide range, and the seepage water pollutes the underground water sometimes. The incineration technology is originated at the end of the 19 th century, and practice proves that a plurality of problems still exist in the incineration technology and process, and the problems are a typical process technical route of pollution prior to treatment: dioxin is extremely toxic and has the hazards of teratogenicity, carcinogenicity and genetic gene mutation, and the hazards of influencing reproductive function, organism immunity and the like. In addition, the burning also can generate NOX and heavy metal ion pollution, the content of dioxin and heavy metal ions in the fly ash is very high, the treatment is executed according to the standard of harmful solid wastes, and the cost is huge.

The incineration and landfill disposal behaviors of the household garbage and the organic solid hazardous waste biomass lead the whole society to pay huge environmental cost, endanger the survival and development of human beings, change the disposal mode of the household garbage and the organic solid hazardous waste at present when the environmental protection is increasingly valued and developed, and actively develop a novel efficient low-cost miniaturized harmless treatment technology which is urgent. In comparison, the waste incineration power generation technology is a more environment-friendly waste treatment process.

The majority of the organic garbage gasification power generation technologies adopted at home and abroad at present are anoxic gasification, which has the following defects: 1) the single-furnace capacity is low and is about 1.5 to 2 tons/hour; 2) the problems of wind distribution, uneven burning and empty burning are difficult to solve; 3) the generated fuel gas is unstable and has low heat value; 4) the equipment operation is complex; 5) the control of dioxin production cannot be completely achieved; 6) the internal combustion engine is adopted for power generation, and the requirement on the impurity content of the gas is high. The traditional oxygen-free gasification has large energy consumption, generates less fuel gas and can not generate electricity generally under small scale. Along with the increasing requirements of people on the environment, the resource utilization of organic garbage wastes in rural areas is highly emphasized, so that an organic garbage power generation technology and an organic garbage power generation device which are simple to operate, can meet the standard and discharge standard, do not produce secondary pollution and produce economic benefits are required on a small scale (the treatment capacity is 100-400 tons/day).

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an organic garbage gasification power generation device which is ingenious in structural arrangement, high in heat value of generated gas, stable in power generation, low in operation cost and free of dioxin generation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

an organic garbage anaerobic gasification power generation device comprises a crusher, a smoke purifier, a steam boiler, a gas collecting machine, a screw expansion power generation set and an anaerobic gasification furnace; the crusher is a conventional crusher suitable for various organic wastes, and a discharge port of the crusher is connected with a conveyor; the oxygen-insulated gasification furnace is in a square column geometric shape; an upper inner container penetrates through the upper part in a gasification furnace heat insulation shell of the oxygen-insulated gasification furnace, a lower inner container penetrates through the middle part in the gasification furnace heat insulation shell, and a reciprocating grate is arranged at the lower part in the gasification furnace heat insulation shell; the front end of the upper liner is provided with an upper liner sealing head and an upper liner rotating mechanism, the rear end of the upper liner is provided with an upper liner sealing tail and is communicated with the upper part of the air collecting machine, and the upper liner rotating mechanism drives the upper liner to rotate in the upper liner sealing head and the upper liner sealing tail; the upper liner end socket is connected with a material injection machine, and the material injection machine is connected with a conveyor; the front end of the lower liner is provided with a lower liner sealing head which is connected with an upper liner discharge port arranged at the bottom of an upper liner seal tail, the lower liner sealing head is communicated with the middle lower part of the gas collecting machine, the rear end of the lower liner is provided with a lower liner seal tail and a lower liner rotating mechanism, the bottom of the lower liner seal tail is provided with a lower liner slag outlet, the lower liner slag outlet is connected with a distributor for providing fuel for an anaerobic gasification furnace, and the lower liner rotating mechanism drives the lower liner to rotate in the lower liner sealing head and the lower liner seal tail; the upper inner container rotating mechanism and the lower inner container rotating mechanism can adopt rotating mechanisms of a motor and a gear, namely, the upper inner container and the lower inner container are supported by riding wheels, the gear is arranged on the circumferences of the upper inner container and the lower inner container, and the gear on the upper inner container and the gear on the lower inner container is driven by a driving gear arranged on a gear box after the power output by the motor passes through the gear box, so that the rotation of the upper inner container and the lower inner container is realized; the steam boiler is a medium-low pressure steam boiler; the steam boiler is connected with a gas burner, and the gas burner is connected with a gas collector through a gas induced draft fan; the steam boiler is provided with a boiler flue gas outlet and a steam outlet; the screw expansion generator set is connected with a steam outlet of the steam boiler; the flue gas purifier is a purifier of a conventional household garbage incineration process. Flue gas purifier's flue gas inlet and gasifier exhanst gas outlet and boiler exhanst gas outlet are connected, flue gas purifier passes through the tail gas draught fan and is connected with the chimney, the tail gas after purifying is by tail gas draught fan suction chimney. In order to make the garbage conveying and drying more smooth, the inner walls of the upper inner container and the lower inner container are provided with spiral conveying stirring blades and/or the upper inner container and the lower inner container are obliquely provided with high front ends and low rear ends.

Preferably: the gas collector comprises a closed gas collector shell, and the gas collector shell is in a square column or cylindrical geometric shape; a central clapboard is arranged in the gas collector shell, extends from the inner top of the gas collector shell to the lower part, and divides the gas collector shell into a left area and a right area, and the left area and the right area are communicated at the lower part in the gas collector shell; the upper part of the left area in the air collector shell is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe is connected with the tail of the upper liner in a sealing way; the outside of the steam inlet pipe is wrapped with a water jacket, the lower part of the water jacket close to the side of the gas collector shell is provided with a water inlet, and the upper part of the water jacket at the other side is provided with a water outlet; an air inlet pipe is arranged at the middle lower part of the left area in the air collector shell and is connected with the lower liner end socket; the upper part of the right area in the gas collector shell is provided with a gas outlet pipe connected with a gas induced draft fan, and the bottom of the gas collector shell is provided with a drain pipe communicated with a sewage treatment device. The sewage treatment device is a conventional biochemical membrane separate treatment device. The steam inlet pipe is obliquely arranged, the sealing end of the lower inner container is high, the shell end of the gas collector is low, and the water inlet is used for introducing condensed water to condense water vapor entering the steam inlet pipe from the sealing end of the upper inner container, so that the phenomenon that the excessive water vapor enters the gas collector to be mixed with gas to influence the combustion of the gas is avoided.

Preferably: and a plurality of communicating water pipes are arranged in the steam inlet pipe, and the communicating water pipes penetrate through the steam inlet pipe and are communicated with the water jacket.

This organic waste gasification power generation facility has the advantage:

(1) the automatic assembly line operation can be realized, the operation is simple, and the operation condition of the equipment cannot be influenced by the technical level difference of operators.

(2) The generated heat value is more than 3 times higher than that of the oxygen-deficient gas, and the total energy conversion consumption is only 25%.

(3) The fuel gas does not contain dioxin, the purification and emission are simple, and the operation cost is low.

(4) The screw generator set is adopted, so that the output power is stable, the maintenance is free, and the screw generator set can be unattended.

(5) On a small scale, has ideal economic benefit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the organic garbage anaerobic gasification power generation device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the gas collector in FIG. 1;

the names of the sequence numbers in the figure are:

1. the device comprises a crusher, 2, a conveyor, 3, a material injection machine, 4, an upper inner container sealing head, 5, an upper inner container rotating mechanism, 6, an upper inner container, 7, a gasifier flue gas outlet, 8, a gasifier heat insulation shell, 9, an upper inner container sealing tail, 10, a flue gas inlet, 11, a flue gas purifier, 12, a tail gas induced draft fan, 13, a chimney, 14, a boiler flue gas outlet, 15, a steam boiler, 16, a steam outlet, 17, a gas burner, 18, a gas induced draft fan, 19, a gas collector, 20, a screw expansion generator set, 21, a lower inner container sealing head, 22, an ash discharging machine, 23, a reciprocating grate, 24, an oxygen insulation gasifier, 25, a sewage processor, 26, a material distributor, 27, a lower inner container slag outlet, 28, a lower inner container, 29, a lower inner container rotating mechanism, 30, a lower inner container sealing tail, 31, an upper inner container discharging port, 32, a gas collector, a lower inner container shell, 33, a central partition board, 34, a gas collector, a lower inner container, a lower container, a, The water jacket comprises an air outlet pipe 35, a water outlet pipe 36, an air inlet pipe 37, an air inlet pipe 38, a water outlet 39, a water jacket 40, a communicating water pipe 41 and a water inlet.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Example 1

An organic garbage anaerobic gasification power generation device comprises a crusher 1, a smoke purifier 11, a steam boiler 15, a gas collector 19, a screw expansion power generation unit 20 and an anaerobic gasification furnace 24; the crusher 1 is a conventional crusher suitable for various organic wastes, and a discharge port of the crusher is connected with a conveyor 2; the oxygen-insulated gasification furnace 24 is in a square column shape. An upper liner 6 is arranged at the upper part in the gasifier heat insulation shell 8 of the oxygen-insulated gasifier 24 in a penetrating way, a lower liner 28 is arranged at the middle part in the gasifier heat insulation shell in a penetrating way, and a reciprocating grate 23 is arranged at the lower part in the gasifier heat insulation shell; the front end of the upper liner 6 is provided with an upper liner end socket 4 and an upper liner rotating mechanism 5, the rear end of the upper liner 6 is provided with an upper liner seal tail 9 and is communicated with the upper part of the gas collector 19, and the upper liner rotating mechanism 5 drives the upper liner 6 to rotate in the upper liner end socket 4 and the upper liner seal tail 9; the upper liner end socket 4 is connected with a material injection machine 3, and the material injection machine 3 is connected with the conveyor 2; the front end of the lower liner 28 is provided with a lower liner end socket 21, the lower liner end socket 21 is connected with an upper liner discharge hole 31 arranged at the bottom of an upper liner seal tail 9, the lower liner end socket 21 is communicated with the middle lower part of the gas collecting machine 19, the rear end of the lower liner 28 is provided with a lower liner seal tail 30 and a lower liner rotating mechanism 29, the bottom of the lower liner seal tail 30 is provided with a lower liner slag outlet 27, the lower liner slag outlet 27 is connected with a distributor 26 for supplying fuel to the anaerobic gasification furnace 24, and the lower liner rotating mechanism 29 drives the lower liner 28 to rotate in the lower liner end socket 21 and the lower liner seal tail 30; the steam boiler 15 is a medium-low pressure steam boiler. The steam boiler 15 is connected with a gas burner 17, and the gas burner 17 is connected with a gas collector 19 through a gas induced draft fan 18; the steam boiler 15 is provided with a boiler flue gas outlet 14 and a steam outlet 16; the screw expansion generator set 20 is connected with the steam outlet 16 of the steam boiler 15; the flue gas purifier 11 is a purifier of a conventional household garbage incineration process; flue gas inlet 10 of gas cleaning ware 11 be connected with gasifier exhanst gas outlet 7 and boiler exhanst gas outlet 14, gas cleaning ware 11 is connected with chimney 13 through tail gas draught fan 12, the tail gas after the purification is by tail gas draught fan 12 suction chimney 13. In order to make the garbage conveying and drying more smooth, the inner walls of the upper inner container 6 and the lower inner container 28 are provided with spiral conveying stirring blades and/or the upper inner container 6 and the lower inner container 28 are obliquely arranged to have high front ends and low rear ends.

The gas collector 19 comprises a closed gas collector shell 32, and the gas collector shell 32 is in a square column shape or a cylindrical geometric shape; a central clapboard 33 is arranged in the gas collector shell 32, the central clapboard 33 extends to the lower part from the inner top of the gas collector shell 32, the interior of the gas collector shell 32 is divided into a left area and a right area, and the left area and the right area are communicated with each other at the lower part in the gas collector shell 32; the upper part of the left area in the gas collector shell 32 is provided with a steam inlet pipe 37, and the steam inlet pipe 37 is connected with the upper liner seal tail 9; the steam inlet pipe 37 is externally wrapped with a water jacket 39, the lower part of the water jacket 39 close to the gas collector shell 32 side is provided with a water inlet 41, and the upper part of the water jacket 39 on the other side is provided with a water outlet 38; an air inlet pipe 36 is arranged at the middle lower part of the left area in the air collector shell 32, and the air inlet pipe 36 is connected with the lower liner end socket 21; an air outlet pipe 34 connected with the gas induced draft fan 18 is arranged at the upper part of the right area in the air collector shell 32, and a drain pipe 35 communicated with the sewage processor 25 is arranged at the bottom of the air collector shell 32. The sewage treatment device 25 is a conventional biochemical membrane separate treatment device. The steam inlet pipe 37 is obliquely arranged, the end of the lower liner seal head 21 is high, the end of the gas collector shell 32 is low, and the water inlet 41 is used for introducing condensed water to condense water vapor entering the steam inlet pipe 37 from the upper liner seal tail 9, so that the phenomenon that the excessive water vapor enters the gas collector to be mixed with gas to influence the combustion of the gas is avoided. A plurality of communicating water pipes 40 are arranged in the steam inlet pipe 37, and the communicating water pipes 40 penetrate through the steam inlet pipe 37 and are communicated with the water jacket 39.

The organic garbage anaerobic gasification power generation device has the operation flow as follows:

1. the household garbage is crushed in the crusher 1, the crushed garbage falls into the conveyor 2 and is conveyed to the material injection machine 3, the material injection machine 3 injects the garbage into the upper liner 6, the upper liner rotating mechanism 5 rotates the upper liner 6, fuel on the compound grate 23 burns to generate heat, the garbage in the upper liner 6 is dried, generated water vapor enters the gas collection machine 19 through the upper liner seal tail 9, the dried garbage falls into the lower liner 28 from the upper liner discharge port 31, the lower liner rotating mechanism 29 rotates to convey the garbage to the other end of the lower liner 28, fuel gas generated by cracking the garbage in the lower liner 28 enters the gas collection machine 19 from the lower liner seal head 21, cracked garbage carbon slag flows out from the lower liner discharge port 27 and is distributed by the distributor 26 to enter the reciprocating grate 23 for combustion, and the burned carbon slag is changed into ash to enter the ash discharge machine 22 for discharge. Fuel, such as coal, may be added from a separator 26 and combusted in an oxygen-insulated gasifier 24 to provide sufficient heat.

2. The gas is extracted by the gas induced draft fan 18 in the gas collector 19, and the gas burner 17 supplies heat to the steam boiler 15 to do work, and the generated steam is led to the screw expansion generating set 20 to do work and generate electricity.

3. The flue gas discharged from the anaerobic gasification furnace 24 and the steam boiler 15 is sent to the flue gas purifier 11 for purification, and the tail gas is finally pumped into the chimney 13 by the tail gas induced draft fan 12 for emission.

4. The wastewater generated by the device and the wastewater generated by the gas collector 19 are sent to the wastewater processor 25 for treatment and then discharged after reaching the standard, which is the operation flow of the utility model.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and equivalent alternatives or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an organic rubbish anoxybiotic gasification power generation facility which characterized in that: comprises a crusher (1), a smoke purifier (11), a steam boiler (15), an air collecting machine (19), a screw expansion generator set (20) and an oxygen-insulated gasification furnace (24); the crusher (1) is a conventional crusher suitable for various organic wastes, and a discharge port of the crusher is connected with a conveyor (2); an upper liner (6) penetrates through the upper part in a gasification furnace heat insulation shell (8) of the oxygen-insulated gasification furnace (24), a lower liner (28) penetrates through the middle part in the gasification furnace heat insulation shell, and a reciprocating grate (23) is arranged at the lower part in the gasification furnace heat insulation shell; an upper liner sealing head (4) and an upper liner rotating mechanism (5) are arranged at the front end of the upper liner (6), an upper liner seal tail (9) is arranged at the rear end of the upper liner (6) and is communicated with the upper part of the air collecting machine (19), and the upper liner rotating mechanism (5) drives the upper liner (6) to rotate in the upper liner sealing head (4) and the upper liner seal tail (9); the upper liner end socket (4) is connected with a material injection machine (3), and the material injection machine (3) is connected with the conveyor (2); the front end of the lower liner (28) is provided with a lower liner sealing head (21), the lower liner sealing head (21) is connected with an upper liner discharge hole (31) arranged at the bottom of an upper liner seal tail (9), the lower liner sealing head (21) is communicated with the middle lower part of the gas collecting machine (19), the rear end of the lower liner (28) is provided with a lower liner seal tail (30) and a lower liner rotating mechanism (29), the bottom of the lower liner seal tail (30) is provided with a lower liner slag outlet (27), the lower liner slag outlet (27) is connected with a distributor (26) for supplying fuel to the anaerobic gasification furnace (24), and the lower liner rotating mechanism (29) drives the lower liner (28) to rotate in the lower liner sealing head (21) and the lower liner seal tail (30); the steam boiler (15) is connected with a gas burner (17), and the gas burner (17) is connected with a gas collector (19) through a gas induced draft fan (18); the steam boiler (15) is provided with a boiler flue gas outlet (14) and a steam outlet (16); the screw expansion generator set (20) is connected with a steam outlet (16) of the steam boiler (15); flue gas inlet (10) of flue gas purifier (11) be connected with gasifier exhanst gas outlet (7) and boiler exhanst gas outlet (14), flue gas purifier (11) are connected with chimney (13) through tail gas draught fan (12).

2. The organic waste anaerobic gasification power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the air collecting machine (19) is also connected with a sewage treatment device (25).

3. The organic waste anaerobic gasification power generation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the gas collector (19) comprises a closed gas collector shell (32), and the gas collector shell (32) is in a square column shape or a cylindrical geometric shape; a central clapboard (33) is arranged in the gas collector shell (32), the central clapboard (33) extends to the lower part from the inner top of the gas collector shell (32) to divide the interior of the gas collector shell (32) into a left area and a right area, and the left area and the right area are communicated with each other at the lower part in the gas collector shell (32); the upper part of the left area in the gas collector shell (32) is provided with a steam inlet pipe (37), and the steam inlet pipe (37) is connected with the tail seal (9) of the upper liner; a water jacket (39) is wrapped outside the steam inlet pipe (37), a water inlet (41) is arranged at the lower part of the water jacket (39) close to the gas collector shell (32), and a water outlet (38) is arranged at the upper part of the water jacket (39) at the other side; an air inlet pipe (36) is arranged at the middle lower part of the left area in the air collector shell (32), and the air inlet pipe (36) is connected with the lower liner end socket (21); an air outlet pipe (34) connected with a gas induced draft fan (18) is arranged at the upper part of the right area in the air collector shell (32), and a drain pipe (35) communicated with the sewage treatment device (25) is arranged at the bottom of the air collector shell (32).

4. The organic waste anaerobic gasification power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: a plurality of communicating water pipes (40) are arranged in the steam inlet pipe (37), and the communicating water pipes (40) penetrate through the steam inlet pipe (37) and are communicated with the water jacket (39).

5. The organic waste anaerobic gasification power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sewage treatment device (25) is a conventional biochemical membrane sub-treatment device.

6. The organic waste anaerobic gasification power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oxygen-insulated gasification furnace (24) is in a square column geometric shape.

7. The organic waste anaerobic gasification power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steam boiler (15) is a medium-low pressure steam boiler.

8. The organic waste anaerobic gasification power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the smoke purifier (11) is a purifier of a conventional household garbage incineration process.