CN2425277Y

CN2425277Y - Gasifying incinerator for municipal house refuse

Info

Publication number: CN2425277Y
Application number: CN 00241302
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭炜明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-06-16
Filing date: 2000-06-16
Publication date: 2001-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2010-06-16

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a gasifying furnace, which carries out gasifying treatment to city domestic garbage for generating fuel gas for industry or civil use. The utility model is composed of a feeding hopper, a low-temperature drying chamber, a rotary drying chamber, a gasifying chamber, a fuel gas outlet pipe, a primer chamber, a furnace bottom, etc., wherein, the rotary drying chamber is arranged between the low-temperature drying chamber and the gasifying chamber; the gasifying chamber and the primer chamber are respectively provided with a slag stirring hole, a reflux fuel oil pipe, and a reflux fuel gas pipe. The utility model has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, little possibility of extinguishment, no need of garbage separating selection before the garbage enters the furnace, the fast speed of the garbage treatment, and wide applicability.

Description

The domestic waste gasification furnace

The utility model relates to a kind of equipment of handling domestic waste, particularly a kind of gasification furnace that can utilize combustion gas that incineration firing is produced.

The processing of traditional cities rubbish mainly contains landfill method and open burning method, there is the problem of polluted underground water and atmosphere pollution in these two kinds of methods, so the disposal of refuse of combustion gasification stove is all adopted in many cities gradually, garbage disposal can be fallen on the one hand, obtain combustion gas on the other hand for generating, boiler or civilian can also obtain can be used as the ashes of agricultural fertilizer, and refuse is fully utilized.At present relevant documents and materials disclose some garbage gasification burners, its basic structure is by garbage inlet, the combustion chamber, vaporizer, parts such as escape pipe and air exhauster constitute, because rubbish composition complexity, existing organic matter is organic/inorganic substance also, so need carrying out careful sorting in advance, a lot of garbage disposal plants just rubbish is dropped into the gasification of stove internal combustion, in the design of stove, the quality and the vaporizer of gasification, the structure of combustion chamber has much relations, can be because combustion gasification is not only with incineration firing, also need to make rubbish to produce combustion gas, not enough as stove internal combustion temperature, combustion gas can't produce, even can stop working, temperature is too high, only produce carbon dioxide and water again, also can not get combustion gas, at present a lot of domestic refuse gasification boilers part that structurally all comes with some shortcomings, its design is adopted and the similar structure of traditional water coal gas Gas-making Furnace mostly, as Chinese patent ZL98226675 " municipal refuse gain of heat gasification furnace ", the structure of this patent incineration firing gasification stove is by fire door, burner hearth, in heating up in a steamer layer, oxide layer, reducing zone, ash bed, deslagging hinge dragon, parts such as exhaust outlet constitute, its exhaust outlet is located at lower furnace, burner hearth and deslagging adopt similar water coal gas Gas-making Furnace structure, the characteristics of the stove of this structure are the composition height that needs combustible, just can effectively produce combustion gas, so this patent is except will more conscientiously screening rubbish, particularly remove outside the inorganic composition as far as possible, the rubbish of going into stove also must add an amount of solid coal dust, and just can go into stove burning with the mechanical presses moulding, so just increased the garbage disposal cost, the city that lacks for fire coal particularly will be promoted and had certain degree of difficulty.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of simple in equipment, does not need meticulous pre-screening rubbish, also need not add fire coal and with the rubbish extrusion modling, be fit to gasification furnace big-and-middle, the small city garbage disposal.

The technical solution of the utility model is: the domestic waste gasification furnace comprises charging aperture, the combustion chamber, vaporizer, gas outlet tube, parts such as air-introduced machine, concrete structure is that this gasification furnace divides charging aperture, the low temperature drying chamber, the Rotary drying chamber, vaporizer, the gas outlet pipe, cap chamber, several parts of furnace bottom, wherein feed hopper is located at stove top, feed hopper has manhole cover, and the dilatory door of sealing is housed, top, low temperature drying chamber below the feed hopper is provided with gas outlet tube and explosionproof hole, it under the low temperature drying chamber Rotary drying chamber, it is placed in the circumferential wall of vaporizer top by the bearing block of band oil sealing, the upper end also is connected with the low temperature drying chamber by oil sealing, be that whole Rotary drying chamber provides power to drive the positive and negative rotation of 360 ° in work with gear or friction wheel by motor, the Rotary drying chamber also is provided with liftable driving lever, driving lever also carries out the circumference rotation thereupon when Rotary drying chamber circumference rotates, the rubbish that is bonded on the wall is scraped, make it burning evenly, vaporizer is provided with and stirs cinder hole and backflow spray bar, the vaporizer below is cap chamber (combustion chamber), cap chamber is provided with the backflow Gas Pipe, its below is provided with cap chamber front, gain of heat combustion chamber and has fire door, slag tap rake and suspension grate are installed below the cap chamber, furnace bottom is the pond, the effect in pond is with the slag cooling and produces water vapour, regulate the temperature of cap chamber, and the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide of generation cracking, for making Rotary drying chamber smooth rotation and whole shaft firm, pillar is equipped with on (the bearing block below of Rotary drying chamber) and top, low temperature drying chamber on vaporizer top.

The operation principle and the process of the utility model refuse gasification boiler are as follows:

To make the rubbish of sorting (selecting the shaft and the block of overlength, super large) slightly and deliver to top of gasification furnace, behind the hopper of packing into, open the dilatory door of sealing, rubbish is entered in the stove, under the cap chamber action of high temperature, carry out gasification reaction by elevator.Rubbish thickness in stove approximately remains on the height of low temperature drying chamber 2/3, under the effect of air exhauster negative pressure, high-temperature gas rises by upper strata rubbish, take away the moisture content in the rubbish, gas after the cooling is extracted out by the outlet on stove top with water vapour, through cooling, after the purified treatment, combustion gas and moisture content, tar separation, the tar of separating refluxes and sprays into the help burning of cap chamber top, combustion chambers burn is returned in the part combustion gas, is the gain of heat in the stove, in the stove required air and water vapour under last suction effect by the furnace bottom pond with stir cinder hole and enter cap chamber, oxidation reaction takes place, and the heat that the combustion chamber produced simultaneously also is inhaled into the cap chamber gain of heat.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. house refuse is except that volume the excessive or length overlength, but substantially without the sorting direct gasification;

2. being in operation does not need to add in addition coal, fuel oil or other gain of heat fuel;

3. disposal of refuse amount is big, and processing speed is fast, and secondary pollution is few;

4. be less than 40% as long as contain inorganic composition in the rubbish, no matter house refuse or industrial refuse can both carry out gasification process mostly effectively;

5. the disposal field floor space is little, and processing links is few, and expense is low, wide adaptability;

6. equipment is simple, reduced investment, and cost is low, and a large amount of combustion gas of output can be used as the high-quality industrial energy, for economic benefit has been created in treatment of urban garbage.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing enforcement structure of the present utility model is described:

From figure, see, top of gasification furnace is a feed hopper 1, feed hopper 1 has manhole cover and is provided with the dilatory door 2 of sealing, the following of feed hopper 1 is low temperature drying chamber 5, its top is provided with explosionproof hole 3 and gas outlet tube 4,5 belows, low temperature drying chamber are Rotary drying chamber 7, it is placed on the circumferential wall of vaporizer 9 tops by band sealed-bearing seat 18, the upper end oil sealing is connected with low temperature drying chamber 5, Rotary drying chamber 7 makes for sandwich clad steel, in insulation material is arranged, the inwall of vaporizer has refractory material, but Rotary drying chamber 7 periphery toothing bars, the outside makes the Rotary drying chamber can do the circumference rotation with motor driven gear pinion rack, also can not toothing bar, use the friction pulley driven rotary, liftable driving lever 8 is equipped with in Rotary drying chamber 7, in rotation, scrape the rubbish on the gasification locular wall, prevent to harden and occur the cavity, vaporizer 9 limits are provided with stirs cinder hole 11 and backflow spray bar 10, available artificial or mechanical means destroys the furnace charge that hardens in the stove, backflow spray bar 10 is with combustion-supporting through the fuel flow returns spray of the big carbon molecular weight that separation obtains is melted down from top escape pipe sucking-off gas, oil pipe is scalable, vaporizer 9 bottoms are cap chamber 12, also be provided with backflow Gas Pipe 13 and gain of heat combustion chamber 14, slag tap rake 15 and suspension grate 16 are arranged at cap chamber 12 bottoms, and the bottom is pond 17, between low temperature drying chamber 5 and the vaporizer 9 pillar 6 is installed also.

Claims

1. domestic waste gasification furnace, comprise charging aperture, the combustion chamber, vaporizer, gas outlet tube, air-introduced machine, it is characterized in that feed hopper (1) is located at stove top, feed hopper is provided with manhole cover and the dilatory door of sealing (2) is housed, the following of charging aperture (1) is low temperature drying chamber (5), explosionproof hole (3) and gas outlet tube (4) are arranged at top, low temperature drying chamber (5), bottom, low temperature drying chamber (5) is Rotary drying chamber (7), it is placed in the circumferential wall top of vaporizer (9) by the bearing block (18) of band oil sealing, the upper end also is connected with low temperature drying chamber (5) by oil sealing, vaporizer (9) is provided with and stirs cinder hole (11) and backflow oil pipe (10), vaporizer (9) below is cap chamber (12), cap chamber (12) has fuel gas return-flow pipe 13, slag tap rake (15) and suspension grate 16 are arranged at the bottom, and furnace bottom has pond (17).

2. domestic waste gasification furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that Rotary drying chamber (5) also is provided with liftable driving lever (8), and Rotary drying chamber (5) outer tooth bar or friction plate of being equipped with done positive and negative rotation by motor by gear or friction pulley drive.

3. domestic waste gasification furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that between low temperature drying chamber (5) and the vaporizer (9) pillar (6) being arranged.

4. domestic waste gasification furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bottom of the backflow Gas Pipe (13) of cap chamber (12) is provided with gain of heat combustion chamber (14).

5. domestic waste gasification furnace according to claim 1, the oil pipe (10) that it is characterized in that refluxing is telescopic oil pipe.

6. domestic waste gasification furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that low temperature drying chamber (5) and Rotary drying chamber (7) are sandwich clad steel, the middle insulation material of loading.