CN101382287B - House refuse disposal system in countryside - Google Patents
House refuse disposal system in countryside Download PDFInfo
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- CN101382287B CN101382287B CN2008101217439A CN200810121743A CN101382287B CN 101382287 B CN101382287 B CN 101382287B CN 2008101217439 A CN2008101217439 A CN 2008101217439A CN 200810121743 A CN200810121743 A CN 200810121743A CN 101382287 B CN101382287 B CN 101382287B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rural household garbage processing system and consists of a feeding system, an incinerating system, an afterheat recycling system and a smoke gas purifying system that are sequentially connected, after household garbage is fed into the incinerating system through the feeding system, the household garbage in a hearth is dried and heated up, and then pyrolyzed and burned under the action of combustion air, burning temperature reaches to over 850 DEG C, and after the afterheat of high-temperature smoke gas is recycled by the afterheat recycling system, the smoke gas is led into the smoke gas purifying system so as to remove harmful substances in the smoke gas, and then discharged through a draught fan and a chimney in the way of achieving standard. The rural household garbage processing system has appropriate and more thorough rural household garbage processing, high volume reduction rate and low energy consumption, the smoke gas generated after the processing can stably reach the requirements in 'Pollution Control Standard of Household Garbage Incineration' (GB18485-2001), and the rural household garbage processing system can be widely applied to the household garbage processing in rural areas with inconvenient transportation or remote location.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the domestic rubbish disposal field, refer in particular to a kind of house refuse disposal system in countryside.
Background technology
The human rubbish that produces in the activity of service that provides in daily life and for life is provided house refuse.It comprises mainly that the kitchen is surplus, waste paper, waste plastics, useless fabric, old metal, cullet, brick and tile dregs etc.The air storage of a large amount of house refuses been has not only has been occupied farmland and soil, and can have been caused soil pollution, and direct or indirect causes severe contamination to environment.
At present more for the research of domestic waste, the method for disposal of domestic waste mainly contains following three kinds:
(1) sanitary landfills: landfill is in the clay treatment field, press engineering legislation and hygienic requirements disposal of solid refuse, promptly through over packing, push away flat, compacting, covering and operating process such as compacting again, and the method for disposal that foul smell, percolate etc. is administered.Make house refuse obtain final degree, make house refuse that the harm of environment is reduced to minimum level simultaneously, reach harmlessness disposing.It generally is made up of landfill reservoir area, waste dam, impervious barrier, percolate and underground water guide system, landfill gas guide system, percolate treating stations and other life production auxiliary equipment etc.
(2) burn: burning is to utilize incinerator that the combustible in the house refuse is carried out high temperature incineration to dispose, utilize high temperature to reach purpose innoxious, minimizing, can be used simultaneously to heat energy, reaching resource, and to burning the method for disposal that the back flue gas is administered.It generally is made up of incinerator, bootstrap system, smoke processing system, electric, automatic control system and productive life auxiliary equipment etc.
(3) compost: garbage compost is under controlled conditions, and utilizing microorganism to make the organic matter degradation in the rubbish is the bioprocess that matter is planted in stable corruption.Composting production can be used as fertilizer or soil conditioner.
Along with expanding economy, the economic level in rural area progressively improves, the output of life in the countryside rubbish increases day by day, composition is more sophisticated also, and is progressively approaching with municipal refuse, but has very big difference, main performance has the surplus content in kitchen in the composition of rural garbage lower than municipal refuse, it is bigger that its composition is influenced by the local structure of agricultural production, and its calorific value is higher slightly than municipal refuse, and building waste also occupies certain proportion in the rural garbage in addition.
Current China has obtained certain achievement to the processing of domestic waste, and still to the processing of life in the countryside rubbish, because the restriction of various conditions, its relevant research also relatively is short of.The above-mentioned treatment technology scale of municipal refuse is all bigger, it is very huge to inject capital into, and main in the problem that the life in the countryside garbage disposal exists be the critical shortage of fund, so can not carry out according to the pattern of domestic waste, must be based on the rural area characteristics, not only to adapt with the practical capacity in cities and towns economically, also will consider the factors of aspects such as society and nature, design one cover relatively economical, suitable house refuse disposal system in countryside.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of house refuse disposal system in countryside, house refuse after treatment, not only obtained subtracting appearance, and the flue gas that produces in the processing procedure also can reach the regulation of relevant national standard after treatment, and its whole investment and operating cost are relatively low.
A kind of house refuse disposal system in countryside, connect to form successively by feed system, CIU, residual neat recovering system and flue gas purification system, rubbish is delivered to CIU by feed system and is burned, burn flue gas that the back produces and enter residual neat recovering system and reclaim heat, pass through qualified discharge behind the flue gas purification system afterwards; Wherein the CIU of outbalance mainly comprises body of heater and revolving ash pan two large divisions, described body of heater top is provided with feed arrangement, described revolving ash pan is located at bottom of furnace body, comprise that ash-pan outer wall and grey disk center stretch into the fire grate in the body of heater, revolving ash pan rotates under driven by motor by transmission mechanism, described incinerator is provided with two air inlets and an exhaust opening, one time air inlet is located at upper of furnace body, the secondary air mouth is located at bottom of furnace body, exhaust opening is located at the body of heater bottom, is higher than the fire grate top.
Described fire grate is the multilayer cone structure, make by heat-resistance high-strength degree metal, be installed in bottom of furnace body, fire grate slowly rotates, and makes the rubbish wriggling in the stove, promote and Air mixing, guarantee to burn fully, the fire grate interlayer is furnished with ventilating opening, the secondary air mouth by a pipeline in furnace bottom stretches into fire grate, air feeds the stove inner bottom part from the ventilating opening of each interlayer of fire grate, carries out combustion-supporting to rubbish.This fire grate has stronger deslagging and dreg-breaking performance, and adds water both prevented dispersing of lime-ash to desired location in ash-pan, plays the effect of water seal again.
Described body of heater is a unitary construction, and inner lining refractory and thermal insulation layer, refractory material have the accumulation of heat effect, helps the burning of rubbish, and thermal insulation layer mainly is to reduce furnace heat to conduct to the body of heater surface as far as possible, reduces the body of heater surface temperature and maintains lower level.
Described feed arrangement is made up of storage bin that has chuck and charging uniform device, and charging uniform device center overlaps with the body of heater center, and end stretches in the body of heater, to guarantee the uniformity of cross section rubbish in the stove; The outer chuck of storage bin is communicated with the exhaust opening pipeline, makes logical high-temperature flue gas in the chuck, with garbage drying.
A described air inlet is controlled by control valve, adjusts according to the size of required primary air flow.Secondary air is realized by frequency converter according to automatically adjusting by combustion position, ignition temperature.
Rubbish is divided into drying layer, pyrolytic layer, burning zone, cold slag blanket from top to bottom successively in the incinerator, because the reasonable Arrangement of air inlet and exhaust opening makes rubbish burn in the mode of reverse burning.Exhaust opening is positioned at the body of heater bottom, is higher than fire grate top certain distance, makes it be in the burning zone middle and lower part; Air inlet adopts the mode of air intake up and down in addition, following air intake (secondary wind) had both cooled off the lime-ash of this layer by certain thickness cold slag blanket, had reached the purpose of preheating again, guaranteed also that simultaneously time air intake (secondary wind) has certain resistance in traveling process, prevent the generation of short circuit phenomenon.Following air intake (secondary wind) carries out combustion-supporting to burning zone after preheating, go up air intake (wind) in addition and enter burning zone by each layer of burning zone top, guaranteed furnace air flowing from top to down, reached required combustion system---reverse burning, be below burning zone is positioned at, be followed successively by pyrolytic layer and drying layer above.After the flammable mixed flue gas that pyrolysis produces enters and burns layer, after burning, high temperature incineration discharges from body of heater bottom exhanst gas outlet, because the burning zone temperature is higher, thickness is thicker, and the inner flue gas of the stove flow velocity is lower, can guarantee that flue gas is not less than 2 seconds at residing time in furnace, guarantee that rubbish just can burn fully, has saved equipment investment expense and operating cost greatly in a burner hearth.
Feed system, residual neat recovering system and flue gas purification system beyond the CIU all can adopt prior art to make up, or according to concrete industrial and mineral it are transformed.Such as: residual neat recovering system adopts tubular heat exchanger, and flue gas purification system adopts half-dried extracting tower and sack cleaner.
Operation principle of the present invention is: life in the countryside rubbish is sent into the storage bin of CIU through feed system, by the charging uniform device rubbish is sent in the stove, is sprinkling upon equably on each surface of circular section in the burner hearth.Rubbish at first is dried in stove, in 400～600 ℃ pyrolytic layer, be decomposed into combustibles such as carbon monoxide, gaseous hydrocarbons then, the mixed flue gas that contains combustible enters burning zone, composition imperfect combustion in the flue gas is burnt once more, ignition temperature can reach 850～1000 ℃, gas is motion from top to bottom in stove, and the time of staying is no less than 2 seconds, reaches fully right cinder state.The required heat of pyrolysis section and dryer section is provided by burning zone.The residue that burning zone produces enters cooling section after burning away through burning segment, by the cooling of the secondary air feed in the furnace bottom air feed system (having reached the purpose of preheating air feed simultaneously), discharges out of the furnace through slag-drip opening then.
Burning completely, high-temperature flue gas (more than 850 ℃) enters residual neat recovering system, as tubular heat exchanger, carry out heat exchange with the recirculated water in the cool cycles water pipe, the heat that the recirculated water in the pipe absorbs in the flue gas produces hot water, and the flue gas that is cooled to about 200 ℃ is discharged through outlet.
Adopt the shell and tube type of cooling, be indirect cooling, cooling media is walked in the pipe, and flue gas is walked outside the pipe, and flue gas does not directly contact with cooling media.So both avoided producing secondary pollution, can utilize heat energy again because of directly contacting.Even meet accident (break as internal pipeline etc.), can prevent that also harmful substance in the flue gas from entering cooling media (because in the pipe for pressure medium is arranged).
About 200 ℃ the flue gas of drawing from residual neat recovering system enters in the tower from half-dried extracting tower bottom, fully contact with the water and the deacidification agent that spray into from the top atomizing at Ta Nei, harmful substance in the flue gas is absorbed, water after atomizing evaporation fully behind the absorption portion heat simultaneously, flue-gas temperature is reduced to about 160 ℃, draws by tower top thereafter.
The flue gas that half-dried extracting tower is drawn enters sack cleaner, finally reaches " consumer waste incineration pollution control criterion " requirement (GB18485-2001) through the flue gas behind the purifying and dedusting, through air-introduced machine, smoke stack emission.
In addition, in order to guarantee the effect of gas cleaning under special operation condition, the active carbon adding set is set between half-dried extracting tower and sack cleaner.The amount that activated carbon adds has control valve control, adsorbs saturated activated carbon and is trapped through sack cleaner the time.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1) air inlet of CIU and exhaust opening connection and reasonable arrangement adopt the reverse burning mode, the efficiency of combustion height, and thermal efficiency height, it is low to consume energy, and rubbish just can burn in a burner hearth fully, has saved equipment investment expense and operating cost greatly.In addition, storage bin is provided with chuck outward, and the rubbish in the storehouse is carried out drying, and dried refuse thermal value increases greatly, even can not add fully burning under any auxiliary fuel.
(2) the CIU ability of slagging tap is strong, and the fire grate life-span is long.The present invention adopts the rotation mode of slagging tap, and the gap is big, no bite, thereby make into the rubbish of stove need not go-no-go, fragmentation, inorganic hard material such as the vial in the rubbish, thing piece can be discharged easily.Because the setting in cloth air port, the part combustion air enters from the fire grate bottom, when taking away part of waste heat, fire grate is also cooled off, and thermal deformation can not take place in the time of can guaranteeing its work.
(3) the flue gas purification system technical maturity is simple to operate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of CIU of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of house refuse disposal system in countryside, connect to form successively by feed system a, CIU b, residual neat recovering system c and flue gas purification system d, house refuse enters the storage bin of CIU through feed system, and rubbish enters in the incinerator after by high temperature flue gas drying in the storehouse.House refuse at first is dried, under 450～600 ℃ temperature, carry out pyrolysis then, the burning mixture that pyrolysis produces enters burning zone and burns, being cooled off the back at this rubbish then by after-flame discharges, and high-temperature flue gas is drawn through the incinerator bottom, enters residual neat recovering system, in residual neat recovering system, high-temperature flue gas is cooled to about 200 ℃, and the heat of recovery produces hot water to utilize; Cooled smoke enters half dry type extracting tower and sack cleaner successively, in extracting tower, the flue gas that enters from the bottom fully contacts with the water, the deacidification agent that spray into from the cat head atomizing, remove harmful substance wherein, enter sack cleaner through extracting tower top then, behind the dust in the sack cleaner removal flue gas, through air-introduced machine, smoke stack emission.In order to ensure the stably reaching standard of flue gas purification system, an activated carbon adding set is set before sack cleaner in addition.
Feed system a comprise rubbish temporary between, elevator bucket, elevator elevator and automatic turning mechanism.Rubbish between rubbish is temporary is packed in the elevator bucket, is promoted to assigned address through elevator then, and elevator bucket pours into the rubbish in struggling against in the storage bin again through the switching mechanism upset.
As shown in Figure 2, CIU b comprises body of heater 1 and revolving ash pan 14, body of heater 1 is supported by support 6, inner lining refractory 2 and thermal insulation layer 3, body of heater 1 top is provided with anti-riot mouthful 9 and feed arrangement, feed arrangement is made up of storage bin 7 and charging uniform device 10, is provided with chuck 8 outside the storage bin 7, and the charging uniform device 10 under the storage bin 7 stretches into burner hearth 12.
Revolving ash pan 14 is located at bottom of furnace body, comprise ash-pan outer wall 17 and stretch into the interior fire grate 15 of body of heater, revolving ash pan 14 has and supports support roller 18, whole ash-pan rotates under driven by motor by transmission mechanism 19, fire grate 15 is the void tower shape structure of multilayer taper, made by heat-resistance high-strength degree metal, every interlayer is furnished with ventilating opening.
Incinerator is provided with two air inlets and an exhaust opening altogether, and one time air inlet 11 is located at upper of furnace body, and secondary air mouth 16 feeds fire grate 15 from furnace bottom, and air enters burner hearth 12 by the ventilating opening of each interlayer on the fire grate 15, and air intake all can extract between rubbish is kept in; Exhaust opening 5 is located at the body of heater bottom, is higher than fire grate 15 tops, and the high-temperature flue gas that burns the back generation enters follow-up equipment by exhaust opening 5.
Incinerator also is provided with manhole 13, makes things convenient for personnel to observe maintenance.
Residual neat recovering system c is a tubular heat exchanger, is made up of air inlet section, waste heat recovery section, the section of giving vent to anger; High-temperature flue gas at first enters the waste heat recovery section through the air inlet section, air inlet section inner lining refractory, flue gas is when the waste heat recovery section, the high-temperature flue gas in the pipeline outside and the cooling water in the pipeline carry out heat exchange, thereby flue-gas temperature is reduced, the waste heat that reclaims produces hot water to utilize, and flue gas enters next unit through the section of giving vent to anger then.In this link, air water is contact not, does not produce secondary pollution.
Flue gas purification system d comprises two complete equipments, the one, and half dry type extracting tower, the 2nd, sack cleaner.The half dry type extracting tower mainly by tower body, water atomization system, deacidification agent atomization system, go out ash system etc. and form.Water after the atomizing and deacidification agent specific area are big, contact very fully with flue gas, and deacidification efficiency is higher, and because the atomizing liquid grain diameter is less, it evaporated fully in moment, can not produce secondary pollution.
Sack cleaner is made up of body, soot cleaning system and ash discharge system.The dedusting filtrate adopts the P84 coated filter material in the body, and its moment can anti-250 ℃ of high temperature, and decay resistance is stronger; Filter bag supports the polygonal skeleton that adopts the framework automatic assembly line to produce, and does not have the weldering of leakage, and rosin joint does not have the welding slag that splashes, and smooth surface does not have burr, can reduce the wearing and tearing of filter bag to greatest extent, the life-span of having improved filter bag.
Claims (7)
1. house refuse disposal system in countryside, connect to form successively by feed system, CIU, residual neat recovering system and flue gas purification system, rubbish is delivered to CIU by feed system and is burned, burn flue gas that the back produces and enter residual neat recovering system and reclaim heat, pass through qualified discharge behind the flue gas purification system afterwards; It is characterized in that: described CIU mainly comprises body of heater and revolving ash pan, described body of heater top is provided with feed arrangement, described revolving ash pan is located at bottom of furnace body, comprise that ash-pan outer wall and grey disk center stretch into the fire grate in the body of heater, revolving ash pan rotates under driven by motor by transmission mechanism, and described CIU is provided with two air inlets and an exhaust opening, one time air inlet is located at upper of furnace body, the secondary air mouth is located at bottom of furnace body, and exhaust opening is located at the body of heater bottom, is higher than the fire grate top.
2. house refuse disposal system in countryside as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described fire grate is the multilayer cone structure, and interlayer is furnished with ventilating opening, the secondary air mouth by a pipeline in furnace bottom stretches into fire grate.
3. house refuse disposal system in countryside as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described furnace lining refractory material and thermal insulation layer.
4. house refuse disposal system in countryside as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described feed arrangement is made up of storage bin that has chuck and charging uniform device, and chuck is communicated with the exhaust opening pipeline.
5. the treatment system of life in the countryside rubbish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described residual neat recovering system adopts tubular heat exchanger.
6. the treatment system of life in the countryside rubbish as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described flue gas purification system comprises half-dried extracting tower and sack cleaner.
As described in the claim 6 the treatment system of life in the countryside rubbish, it is characterized in that: the active carbon adding set is set between half-dried extracting tower and the sack cleaner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101217439A CN101382287B (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | House refuse disposal system in countryside |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101217439A CN101382287B (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | House refuse disposal system in countryside |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101382287A CN101382287A (en) | 2009-03-11 |
| CN101382287B true CN101382287B (en) | 2010-06-09 |
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| CN2008101217439A Active CN101382287B (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2008-10-27 | House refuse disposal system in countryside |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101786095A (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2010-07-28 | 杨成志 | Energy recovery type household waste disposer |
| CN102183036A (en) * | 2011-02-26 | 2011-09-14 | 大连理工大学 | Combustion pool smoke discharging heat recovery and purification system |
| CN102205343B (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2013-01-23 | 李洪芳 | Integrated processing system for domestic waste and sewage of new countryside small cities, and integrated processing method thereof |
| CN102269511B (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2013-12-11 | 南宁市环境保护科学研究所 | Manioc waste residue drying device and device for manufacturing firewood bar and charcoal |
| CN105444187A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-03-30 | 鹤山市凤台菱精密铸造有限公司 | Waste incineration afterheat recovery device |
| CN107631301A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-01-26 | 北京北控环保工程技术有限公司 | Vertical incinerator and dangerous waste thing subregion CIU |
| CN108036326A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-15 | 珠海市建华锅炉机械工程有限公司 | A kind of wastes pre-processing system and its technique |
| CN111911930B (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2023-03-28 | 广东冠亚环保科技有限公司 | Garbage carbonization pyrolysis method and water and gas heat exchange device |
| CN113685823A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-23 | 乾健天勤环保设备(江苏)有限公司 | Vertical incinerator system and process flow |
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