CN1401013A - 用于冲击岩石钻探的延伸部件和钢 - Google Patents
用于冲击岩石钻探的延伸部件和钢 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种马氏体的耐腐蚀钢,用于岩石钻探,其改善的性质主要与耐腐蚀疲劳相关。用主要为马氏体结构的耐腐蚀钢制成了至少包括一个螺纹和一个冲洗管道的用于冲击岩石钻探的延伸部件。
Description
发明背景
本发明涉及一种马氏体的耐腐蚀钢,用于岩石钻探,具有新颖的改良性质,特别与耐腐蚀疲劳相关。
现有技术
在冲击岩石钻探中,冲击波和旋转从钻床经过一个或多个杆或管道传输到一个硬质合金装配的钻头。钻钢,即用于钻头、杆、管道、套管和柄适配器等的材料,在钻探时经受腐蚀的侵袭。特别是在地下钻探中,这里的水用作冲洗介质,总体环境比较潮湿。腐蚀侵袭对于压力最大的部位即螺纹底部和螺纹间隔处尤其严重。由弯曲所引起的脉动应力和上面所提到的冲击波两者相结合,就会发生所谓的腐蚀疲劳(图1)。这是钻钢破坏的常见原因。
低合金的表面硬化钢通常用于钻探。原因是螺纹部分的磨损和损耗通常限制使用寿命。由于钻床和刀具已变得更有效,这些问题已经减少,腐蚀疲劳已成为限制因素。表面硬化在表面施加压缩应力,这在某些程度上延缓了疲劳。
US-A-5,496,421涉及了一种高强度的马氏体不锈钢。这种钢含有:不多于0.06wt%的C、12-16wt%的Cr、不多于1wt%的Si、不多于2wt%的Mn、0.5-8wt%的Ni、0.1-2.5wt%的Mo、0.3-4wt%的Cu、不多于0.05wt%的N、其余为Fe和一些不可避免的杂质,所说的钢含有的δ-铁相的面积比率最多为10%。所知的钢用于解决由酸性环境所引起的应力腐蚀问题。
发明目的
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于冲击岩石钻探的延伸部件,它能进一步提高现代采矿效率。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种寿命较长的用于冲击岩石钻探的延伸部件。
本发明还有另一目的是提供一种具有降低的腐蚀率的钻钢。
本发明还有另一目的是提供一种具有降低的腐蚀疲劳敏感度的钻钢。
附图的简要说明
上述以及其它的目的是通过一个延伸部件和钻钢实现的,正如参照附图在所附的专利权利要求书中所定义的。
图1显示了在25倍下,一种低合金钢的螺纹底部的裂缝。
图2显示了在500倍下,根据本发明的一种钻钢的结构。
发明详述
本发明涉及一种用于岩石钻探的钢,用一种具有马氏体基质的耐腐蚀的合金制成,这种耐蚀性是通过加入Cr以及Mo、W、Cu,或者再加入N而获得的。由马氏体结构(图2),得到应用时所必需的强度和核心硬度。优选的马氏体浓度是50~100wt%,最佳为大于75wt%。最终的抗张强度将大于800Mpa,最佳为1300~3000MPa。
通过使用一种抗腐蚀合金制作钻钢,由于增加了铬,在表面上得到了一个钝态层,它防止了腐蚀或者减小了腐蚀速率,从而降低了腐蚀疲劳度,特别是在螺纹底部,如图1所示。按照本发明,为了使钻钢能充分耐腐蚀,要求含有至少11%浓度的铬。碳和/或氮(c+N)的总浓度必须大于0.05%,优选为0.1~0.8%。
另一方面,铬浓度可以低于11%,最低为5%,这可由优选加入钼(最高为5%,优选为0.5~2wt%)、钨(最高为5%,优选为0.5~2wt%)和/或铜(最高为2%,优选为0.1~1wt%)进行补偿,其中Mo+W+Cu的总浓度大于0.5%,优选为大于1wt%。
还有一种方法是合金含有的成分的PRE数目大于10,优选为12~17。PRE表示“耐点蚀等价物”,描述了一种合金对于点蚀的抵抗力。PRE定义式如下:
PRE=Cr+3.3(Mo+W)+16N
其中Cr、Mo、W和N为相应元素的质量百分比含量。
根据本发明所制得的钢另外会有大于400维氏硬度的表面硬度,优选为500~800维氏硬度,以便进一步增加它的耐磨损力,这些磨损由螺纹联接处的运动、钻子切割或者与周围岩石的接触(砂球墙)所产生。所述的钢优选具有硬度增加的0.5~2.0mm厚的表面层。
根据本发明的钻钢以传统的钢条生产和加工方法制备。为了得到所需的马氏体结构,钢需要经过硬化或冷却处理。耐磨损力可以通过表面的感应加热淬灭或应用表面处理方法,比如渗碳和渗氮而进一步改进。
本发明也涉及根据本发明的钢作为钻钢的应用。
不需在整个部件上使用根据本发明的钢,而只将一个或两个螺纹末端进行处理,然后焊接或联结于杆或管道或其它材料上。
实施例
在所谓的通径试验机钻探中,使用大约有4米长的杆。这些杆的关键部分是阳螺纹的底部,如图1所示,其中冲洗液和脉动应力引起腐蚀疲劳,这通常导致断裂。
通径试验机杆是用三种合金制成的,其组成如下所示:
试验 | %C | %Cr | %Ni | %Mo | %W | %Cu | %N | %Fe | 马氏体含量 |
1-4 | 0.18 | 13.4 | 0.3 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.012 | 剩余量 | 98 |
5-8 | 0.50 | 14.3 | 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.011 | 剩余量 | 89 |
9-12 | 0.35 | 11.9 | 0.22 | 1.05 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.013 | 剩余量 | 95 |
钻探是在用于通径试验机地下钻探的装置上进行的,持续钻探直到发生断裂或磨损。以钻探距离为衡量单位,得到下列寿命长度:
试验号 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
钻探距离(米) | 3299 | 2904 | 3030 | 2876 | 2893 | 3121 |
试验号 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
钻探距离(米) | 2976 | 2656 | 2628 | 2189 | 3222 | 2929 |
传统型号的通径试验机杆(即低合金的表面硬化钢)的普通寿命在所考虑的试验点(这里的岩石主要由花岗岩组成)大约为2000米,这表明使用本发明的钻钢其使用寿命可得到显著的提高。
换句话说,根据本发明的所有钢含有共同的特性C+N≥0.1wt%,这样的一种优选的钢来自于下列的组成之一:
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr≥11wt% 或者
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr≥5wt%、Mo≤5wt%、W≤5wt%、Cu≤2wt%、Mo+W+Cu>0.5%或者
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr+3.3(Mo+W)+16N>10wt%。
Claims (10)
1.用于冲击岩石钻探用的延伸部件的钢,这种部件包括至少一个螺纹和冲洗管道,其特征在于至少螺纹处的钢是耐腐蚀的,其腐蚀疲劳的敏感度降低,并且主要含有马氏体结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钢,其中马氏体的含量介于50%和100%之间,这种钢含有:
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr≥11wt%或者
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr≥5wt%、Mo≤5wt%、W≤5wt%、Cu≤2wt%、Mo+W+Cu>0.5%或者
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr+3.3(Mo+W)+16N>10wt%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的钢,其中马氏体含量大于75wt%。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3之一所述的钢,其中Cr>5wt%。
5.根据权利要求4所述的钢,它另外含有Mo<5wt%、W<5wt%和/或Cu<2wt%。
6.根据权利要求1到5的任何一个所述的钢,其中钢的组成给出的PRE数大于10,这里PRE由如下公式定义:PRE=Cr+3.3(Mo+W)+16N,并且其中Cr、Mo、W和N为所述元素的相应的质量百分比含量。
7.用于冲击岩石钻探的延伸部件,包含至少一个螺纹和冲洗管道,其特征在于至少螺纹是由腐蚀疲劳敏感度较小的耐腐蚀的钢制成的,并且所述的钢主要含有马氏体结构。
8.根据权利要求7所述的部件,其中马氏体含量介于50wt%和100wt%之间,并且这种钢含有
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr≥11wt% 或者
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr≥5wt%、Mo≤5wt%、W≤5wt%、Cu≤2wt%、Mo+W+Cu>0.5%或者
C+N≥0.1wt%并且Cr+3.3(Mo+W)+16N>10wt%。
9.根据权利要求8所述的部件,其中马氏体含量大于75wt%。
10.用于冲击岩石钻探用的延伸部件的钢的用途,所述延伸部件包括至少一个螺纹和冲洗管道,其特征在于在至少一个螺纹上的钢是耐腐蚀的,其腐蚀疲劳敏感度降低,并且主要含有马氏体结构。
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SE00005215 | 2000-02-16 | ||
SE0000521A SE522352C2 (sv) | 2000-02-16 | 2000-02-16 | Avlångt element för slående bergborrning och användning av stål för detta |
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EP (1) | EP1259655B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003522837A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100792806B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1401013A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE380261T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU3257201A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0108305A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2395825C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60131729T2 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA02007824A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20023870L (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2255134C2 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE522352C2 (zh) |
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US4303137A (en) * | 1979-09-21 | 1981-12-01 | Smith International, Inc. | Method for making a cone for a rock bit and product |
JPS5770265A (en) * | 1980-10-22 | 1982-04-30 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Martensitic stainless steel |
JPS59173245A (ja) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-01 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 耐食性のすぐれた油井管用鋼 |
IT1182101B (it) * | 1984-12-21 | 1987-09-30 | Megadiamond Ind Inc | Perfezionamento nei sistemi di cuscinetti per punte di trivelle da roccia |
AT381658B (de) * | 1985-06-25 | 1986-11-10 | Ver Edelstahlwerke Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von amagnetischen bohrstrangteilen |
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JPH10287924A (ja) * | 1997-04-16 | 1998-10-27 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | マルテンサイト単相のステンレス鋼管の製造方法 |
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SE514137C2 (sv) * | 1998-03-24 | 2001-01-08 | Sandvik Ab | Gängförband för slående borrning, han- och hondel för att ingå i ett gängförband för slående borrning samt metod för att tillverka en produkt med en gänga för att ingå i ett gängförband för slående borrning |
-
2000
- 2000-02-16 SE SE0000521A patent/SE522352C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-02-13 WO PCT/SE2001/000282 patent/WO2001061064A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-13 AU AU32572/01A patent/AU3257201A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-13 JP JP2001559899A patent/JP2003522837A/ja active Pending
- 2001-02-13 CN CN01805051A patent/CN1401013A/zh active Pending
- 2001-02-13 EP EP01904748A patent/EP1259655B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-13 RU RU2002122741/02A patent/RU2255134C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-13 KR KR1020027010568A patent/KR100792806B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-13 MX MXPA02007824A patent/MXPA02007824A/es unknown
- 2001-02-13 AT AT01904748T patent/ATE380261T1/de active
- 2001-02-13 DE DE60131729T patent/DE60131729T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-13 CA CA2395825A patent/CA2395825C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-13 BR BR0108305-8A patent/BR0108305A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-02-16 US US09/784,169 patent/US6547891B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2002
- 2002-07-05 ZA ZA2002/05405A patent/ZA200205405B/en unknown
- 2002-08-15 NO NO20023870A patent/NO20023870L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106593458A (zh) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-04-26 | 河北工程大学 | 地铁施工用盾构机刀具 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO20023870D0 (no) | 2002-08-15 |
JP2003522837A (ja) | 2003-07-29 |
MXPA02007824A (es) | 2003-02-10 |
WO2001061064A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
AU3257201A (en) | 2001-08-27 |
CA2395825C (en) | 2010-08-03 |
KR20020073552A (ko) | 2002-09-26 |
RU2255134C2 (ru) | 2005-06-27 |
ZA200205405B (en) | 2003-12-31 |
DE60131729T2 (de) | 2008-11-06 |
SE522352C2 (sv) | 2004-02-03 |
KR100792806B1 (ko) | 2008-01-14 |
BR0108305A (pt) | 2003-03-05 |
EP1259655A1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
ATE380261T1 (de) | 2007-12-15 |
SE0000521D0 (sv) | 2000-02-16 |
SE0000521L (sv) | 2001-08-17 |
EP1259655B1 (en) | 2007-12-05 |
NO20023870L (no) | 2002-08-15 |
DE60131729D1 (de) | 2008-01-17 |
CA2395825A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
US6547891B2 (en) | 2003-04-15 |
US20010023718A1 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
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