CN1397529A - Process for preparing slow-releasing compound fertilizer - Google Patents
Process for preparing slow-releasing compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1397529A CN1397529A CN01120516A CN01120516A CN1397529A CN 1397529 A CN1397529 A CN 1397529A CN 01120516 A CN01120516 A CN 01120516A CN 01120516 A CN01120516 A CN 01120516A CN 1397529 A CN1397529 A CN 1397529A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
A slowly-released compound fertilizer is prepared from city sludge and chemical fertilizer through stacking, fermenting, sterilizing, baking, pulverizing, mixing, granulating and baking. Its advantages are durable fertility and high utilziation rate of N fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of preparation method of composite fertilizer, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer.
Background technology
With rubbish, ight soil etc. is that the method for feedstock production composite fertilizer is reported that as CN1178205A, CN1172787A, CN1054581A etc.But for the composite fertilizer that how to utilize municipal sludge to prepare to meet the relevant hygienic standard of country, and make composite fertilizer have the soil organism of raising, improve the soil, for fertilizer slowly, characteristics stably, still lack economically viable technology so far.
Along with the growth of demographic and economic, the municipal sewage treatment cause develops rapidly, and the municipal sludge quantity of municipal sewage plant's discharging increases rapidly.And the processing of municipal sludge and disposal are the weak links of restriction wastewater treatment in China industry healthy development always.Because still lacking cost-effective municipal sludge so far, China disposes and application technology as the second resource, cause the municipal sludge handling problems to become the heavy burden of sewage work, even cause serious secondary pollution problem, so that influence the normal operation of sewage work.
Contain a large amount of organic matters and a certain amount of, necessary for plant growth micronutrient element in the municipal sludge, so municipal sludge is the cheap preferably source of manure of a kind of fertilizer efficiency.But the direct as fertilizer sources of municipal sludge is used, and can not satisfy the requirement of plant growth well because its fertilizer efficiency is limited, and transportation cost is higher and very difficult is in addition generally accepted by market; Directly using simultaneously can increase farmland, water body, food and human Pollution risk.
All contain a large amount of pathogenic bacterias in the general municipal sludge, as bacterium and viruses such as salmonella, Vibrio, Escherichia, pyrenomycetes genus, Leptospira, poliovirus, ECHO virus, adenovirus, reovirus, hepatitis A virus (HAV), if do not carry out sterilising treatment, then may increase and cause typhoid fever, paratyphoid, enteritis, cholera, leptospirosis, poliomyelitis, headache, myalgia, vomiting, meningitis, diarrhoea, the risk of diseases such as hepatitis, flu, respiratory tract infection, respiratory tract infection, conjunctivitis.Pathogenic bacteria content in its dewatered sludge of municipal sludge of general municipal sewage plant is very high, is 4000000/gram municipal sludge as its coliform, and roundworm egg is 600/kilogram, and live egg rate is 100%.Therefore, or it is very unsafe that innoxious pretreated municipal sludges such as sterilized are directly used in farmland production composite fertilizer, is easy to cause secondary pollution.
Though the technology that has at present also adopts outer heating or other physical methods that municipal sludge is sterilized and dries processing, these methods also can be killed pathogenic bacteria, weed seed and play dehydrating effect, but because unsettled organic matter in the municipal sludge is not carried out stabilization treatment, therefore meeting suppresses seed germination, causes agricultural and environmental problems such as crop burning seedling and stench after being administered to the farmland, the energy consumption and the Financial cost of this class treatment process are too high simultaneously, therefore should not promote in actual production, use.
At present, still have big breach between chemical fertilizers production ability and the demand, municipal sludge and chemical fertilizer compound if can be made slow-release compound fertilizer, both can solve the municipal sludge problem, can make full use of the nutrient resource in the municipal sludge again, reduce the production cost of composite fertilizer, therefore can take into account environmental protection and economic benefit well.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer, utilize organic matter and nutrient in the municipal sludge, with the cheaper alternative of urban sewage sludge compost as binding agent and chemical fertilizer, and at the nutrient demand of Different Crop, the slow-release compound fertilizer of the nutrient proportioning of preparation senior middle school, low Different Nutrients concentration as and wherein organic matter carried out stabilization treatment and prepares slow-release compound fertilizer, do not add any additives in this method preparation process.
For achieving the above object, the preparation method of a kind of slow-release compound fertilizer provided by the invention is a raw material with urban sewage sludge compost and chemical fertilizer, comprises being prepared as follows step:
(1) with municipal sludge process compost treatment, reaches deodorizing, stabilization, kills harmless treatment effects such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seed;
(2) will dry, pulverize through the urban sewage sludge compost that (1) step handles;
(3) raw material in (2) step is prepared burden with part by weight and nitrogen, phosphorus, the potassium fertilizer of 5-40%;
(4) batching with (3) step stirs, and adding part by weight is the moisture of 15-20%, granulation;
(5) product in (4) step is dried, sieved;
(6) product in (5) step is further dried, water content is below 5%.
Municipal sludge raw material used among the present invention must be handled through During High-Temperature Composting, requires to reach deodorizing, stabilization, kill harmless treatments such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seed; Require simultaneously to contain a certain amount of organic matter, the nitrogenous fertilizer that makes in the composite fertilizer slowly discharges, nutrient supply balanced and the effect of raising nutrientuse efficiency otherwise be difficult to reach.
When municipal sludge carries out compost treatment, add a certain amount of amendment and swelling agent uniform mixing, the purpose that adds amendment and swelling agent is the moisture and the voidage of regulating mixture, provide air in certain amount to mixture then, make microorganism under good aerobic conditions, carry out organic decomposition, by biological metabolism the easy corruption in the municipal sludge, labile organism are changed into carbonic acid gas, water and heat, thereby municipal sludge is changed into stable, harmless organic fertilizer.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described in more detail by embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: preparation paddy rice special slow release composite fertilizer
Municipal sludge is handled through high temperature aerobic composting, reach deodorizing, stabilization, kill the effect of harmless treatments such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seed, the urban sewage sludge compost that disposes is through oven dry, pulverize, sieve, get the 4000kg screen underflow, add 3000kg urea, 1800kg Secondary ammonium phosphate and 1200kg Repone K (the chemical fertilizer ratio is decided according to situations such as concrete soil and crops), mix with stirrer, add 15% (weight ratio) moisture, adopt disk or rotary drum granulator granulation or use the fashion of extrusion granulation, in granulation process, adopt hotblast stove or fan to send hot blast, make the complex fertilizer product moisture content of production be lower than 15%; Through the further oven dry of screening back, water content is reduced to below 5% promptly.
Embodiment 2: preparation vegetables special slow release composite fertilizer is fit to organic higher soil, each weight ratio of constituents example: urban sewage sludge compost 5%, and urea 45%, Secondary ammonium phosphate 22%, Repone K 28% adds 20% moisture, and all the other conditions are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: preparation wheat composite fertilizer special is fit to medium fertility soil, each weight ratio of constituents example: urban sewage sludge compost 23, and urea 36%, Secondary ammonium phosphate 21%, Repone K 20%, all the other conditions are with embodiment 1.
The preparation method of a kind of slow-release compound fertilizer provided by the invention takes any granulation mode, all can produce free of contamination complex fertilizer product, and table 1 has shown quality examination result of the present invention.
Table 1
| Test item | Detected result | Standard value | |
| Through nutrient and organic content | Total nitrogen (N) | ????16.8％ | ????≥4.0％ |
| Total phosphorus (P 2O 5) | ????12.5％ | ????≥4.0％ | |
| Total potassium (K 2O) | ????8.5％ | ????≥4.0％ | |
| Total nutrient (N+P 2O 5+K 2O) | ????37.8％ | ????≥25.0％ | |
| Water-soluble phosphorus (P 2O 5) | ????10.5％ | Do not have | |
| Water-soluble phosphorus accounts for the ratio of available phosphorus | ????84％ | ????≥40.0％ | |
| Organic total amount | ????44.4％ | Do not have | |
| Heavy metal content | Arsenic (As) | ????8mg/l | ????≤75mg/l |
| Cadmium (Cd) | ????2mg/l | ????≤5mg/l | |
| Plumbous (Pb) | ????42mg/l | ????≤300mg/l | |
| Chromium (Cr) | ????42mg/l | ????≤600mg/l | |
| Pathogenic bacteria | Coliform | Negative | ≤ 1000/gram |
| Induced worm egg death rate | Do not detect | ????95～100％ | |
| Percentage of germination | ????95~105％ | Do not have | |
Simultaneous test shows: the dehydration municipal sludge is directly agricultural, and vegetables (romaine lettuce) seed germination rate only is 40-50%, also makes romaine lettuce serious burning seedling symptom occur simultaneously; Use the slow-release compound fertilizer that the present invention produces, the percentage of germination of romaine lettuce is 95-105%, and any burning seedling symptom do not occur.
According to test, if the addition of sludge composting is low excessively, then to increasing the DeGrain of the soil organism and the physico-chemical property of improving the soil, and in granulation process, need the adding jointing compound to guarantee the ultimate compression strength of composite fertilizer, if the addition of sludge composting is too high, then the addition of N, P, K chemical fertilizer is on the low side, and nutrient density is difficult for reaching compound fertile N, P, K content requirement, and cause the nutrient supply deficiency of crop easily, thereby cause crop failure.
The chemical fertilizer that is added in the new sustained release composite fertilizer of this prepared can promptly discharge, and contained a large amount of organic matters have certain fixed action to the nitrogen in the chemical fertilizer in the urban sewage sludge compost, the nitrogen that chemical fertilizer is brought into slowly discharges, and improves its nutrientuse efficiency.Therefore, the composite fertilizer of preparation has the advantages that cost is low, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, plant recovery of nutrient is high, and the organic matter in the composite fertilizer also can play certain improving effect to soil physical simultaneously.A large amount of field tests of carrying out in wheat, corn, various vegetables etc. show, this product is than the high 10-15% of effect of increasing production of common commercially available composite fertilizer, the fertilizer efficiency of its nitrogenous fertilizer improves more than 5% than common nitrogenous fertilizer, relative prolongation of time for fertilizer 2-4 month, table 2 is the practical application effect of the slow-release compound fertilizer of employing the present invention production.
Table 2
| Sequence number | For studying thing | Effect | Supply the fertile time length (my god) |
| ????1 | Wheat | Volume increase 12.7% | 60～120 |
| ????2 | Volume increase 17% | 60～120 | |
| ????3 | Corn | Volume increase 23% | 60～90 |
| ????4 | Rape (booth) | Volume increase 19.8% | 30～60 |
| ????5 | Cauliflower | Volume increase 32.3% | 30～60 |
Production technique of the present invention is easy, and production cost reduces 15-25% than common compound fertilizer production technology, therefore has good economy, environmental benefit and popularizing application prospect, is suitable for promoting in the city with large, medium and small type sewage work.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer is a raw material with urban sewage sludge compost and chemical fertilizer, comprises being prepared as follows step:
(1) with municipal sludge process compost treatment, reaches deodorizing, stabilization, kills harmless treatment effects such as pathogenic bacteria and weed seed;
(2) will dry, pulverize through the urban sewage sludge compost that (1) step handles;
(3) raw material and the chemical fertilizer in (2) step are prepared burden;
(4) batching with (3) step stirs, and adds moisture, granulation;
(5) product in (4) step is dried, is sieved,
(6) product in (5) step is further dried, reduce water content.
2, the preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, the ratio of urban sewage sludge compost is 5-40% (weight ratio) when it is characterized in that preparing burden.
3, the preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described chemical fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
4, the preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the moisture content that adds is 15-20% (weight ratio).
5, the preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that slow-release compound fertilizer is granular or bar-shaped.
6, the preparation method of slow-release compound fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that water content is below 5%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011205164A CN1199916C (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2001-07-18 | Process for preparing slow-releasing compound fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011205164A CN1199916C (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2001-07-18 | Process for preparing slow-releasing compound fertilizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1397529A true CN1397529A (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| CN1199916C CN1199916C (en) | 2005-05-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011205164A Expired - Fee Related CN1199916C (en) | 2001-07-18 | 2001-07-18 | Process for preparing slow-releasing compound fertilizer |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102001874A (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2011-04-06 | 肖建生 | Compound fertilizer taking silt or sludge as base fertilizer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115433027A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-06 | 四川农业大学 | Preparation method and application of municipal domestic sludge compost |
-
2001
- 2001-07-18 CN CNB011205164A patent/CN1199916C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102001874A (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2011-04-06 | 肖建生 | Compound fertilizer taking silt or sludge as base fertilizer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115433027A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-06 | 四川农业大学 | Preparation method and application of municipal domestic sludge compost |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1199916C (en) | 2005-05-04 |
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