CN1393121A

CN1393121A - Method for cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags

Info

Publication number: CN1393121A
Application number: CN 01114157
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘世海
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2001-06-29
Filing date: 2001-06-29
Publication date: 2003-01-29

Abstract

A method for cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bag for higher quality and yield features that the bag contain solid culture medium is pierced with many holes for ventilation. Its advantages are good air exchange between the inside and outside of bag, raised yield and quality of products and no need of wood.

Description

A kind of method of cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags

The present invention relates to cultivating method for edible fungi, particularly a kind of method of cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags.

As everyone knows, woodear is one of edible fungi special product of China, mainly originates in the forest in northeast, North China, because of nutritious, has higher medical value, and people just have the custom of searching for food from ancient times, are regarded as mountain delicacy; In " the Tang materia medica notes " of the Tang Dynasty, just putting down in writing the method for cultivating woodear, but because of being the original method that belongs to the nature inoculation, its success rate and output are all difficult secure, and is all wild to gather always; To nineteen fifties, the scientific worker successfully separates, turns out the agaric mycelium bacterial classification, and begin to be applied to produce, the production that makes woodear is mainly to transfer that to adopt the juggle growing and cultivation be main to by gathering wild, because the juggle cultivation needs to consume a large amount of timber, and the forest resources are day by day exhausted, no matter from the aspect of meeting the need of market, still from saving timber resources, the aspect that conserves forests, preserves the ecological environment all needs to adopt the substitute cultivating black fungus; From phase later 1970s, numerous scientific research personnel and the edible mushroom personnel of cultivating begin the research of substitute cultivating black fungus, through unremitting effort for many years, substitute is cultivated woodear and has been formed a pattern of fixing, being about to wood chip, crop stalk crushed material, wheat bran, mineral matter etc. packs in the special-purpose high-temperature resistance plastice bag, go out ear through high temperature sterilization, inoculation, cultivation, scarfing, this pattern is referred to as cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags; Because various places weather conditions, the difference of resources supplIes, the pattern that adopt various places also has difference, Fujian, each provinces and regions, south such as river gradually, adopt wide 12-17cm, the plastic sack charging of long 40-55cm, Sichuan, provinces such as Henan have the small part producer to adopt wide 20-22cm, the wide sacked material of long 40-50cm, and wide 16-17cm is adopted in most of area such as northeast, the plastic sack charging of long 33-37cm is cultivated, cultivate good mycelial cultivation bag and be called the ear bag, when going out ear, the handle that has goes out the ear bag and hangs in the canopy chamber, the handle that has goes out the ear bag and is placed on the ridge-up bed of ground, which kind of mode no matter all need go out on the ear bag with the sharp difform earhole that goes out that lancinates out when going out ear, and woodear just can grow from the scarfing position, the scarfing shape has " ten " font, " O " shape arranged, " V " shape arranged, have strip etc., in cultivation practices for many years, people generally believe that to cut " V " shape mouth relatively good; Development through two more than ten years, the woodear Bag Material is cultivated certain scale, as Song Dian town, city, mosquito river, Jilin Province, Wangqing County, ten million bag of county of woodear is known as in places such as the Linkou County in Heilungkiang, DongNing, but no matter in quantity the cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags on the market, still all also there is a lot of shortcomings qualitatively, yields poorly, can only adopt one batch of ear to the regrowth hair ear as ubiquity in the extensive cultivation, do not adopted for one batch that has and just infected assorted bacterium, great majority are Trichoderma virides; It is better perhaps to go out ear early stage, long after the egg size, and mashed ear, stream ear, fist ear appear in just not regrowth; It is bad also to exist mouthfeel in quality, outward appearance as white fungus, mouthfeel like Uricularia polytricha; This output instability, scale expand not quite, the ungood bottleneck that has become the cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags development of quality, are badly in need of being resolved and improving.

Purpose of the present invention is exactly the output instability that exists at above-mentioned cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags, and scale expands little, and shortcomings such as poor product quality provide a kind of method of cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags.

Technical conceive of the present invention:

According to purpose of the present invention, a kind of method of cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags is provided, the inventor is through more than 5 years, will carry out ten thousand bags of large-scale productions of 2-4 every year tests, obtain a kind of cultivation method that can improve cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags output and quality, this method is to go out the ear mode by the opening that changes cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags, improves the resistance that the ear bag; Reach the purpose of stable and high yields, high-quality, the present invention adopts dazzling youngster's mode to stimulate the ear bag, can increase on the one hand the inside and outside exchange gas of ear bag, thereby improve the resistance that the ear bag, the woodear root of growth is diminished, it is big that auricle becomes, and the mouthfeel softness has strengthened owing to go out the resistance of ear bag, so can go out three batches to six batches more than the ear, therefore go out the ear amount and heighten, mashed ear, stream ear, fist ear do not occur, can bacteria infection; The dazzling youngster of the present invention adopts special-purpose dazzling youngster's pin, and its shape can be different according to size, the ambient environmental conditions difference of bag, and its cross section is circular, square, triangle, V-type, semicircular arc etc.; Dazzling youngster adopts special-purpose dazzling youngster's pin, and what its thickness size also can be according to environmental condition is different different, and its sectional area is generally at 3mm ²～48mm ²Between; The number of dazzling youngster on each cultivation bag also changes to some extent according to the variation of condition, grows relatively goodly if go out the ear bag, and relatively consolidation just can be pricked some more; If going out the ear bag grows poorly, or still there is part not cover with mycelia, will if used pin is thicker, just can prick less to prick less, otherwise prick some more, but minimumly can not be less than 12, not reach the purpose that stimulates the ear bag, increases resistance very little, at most can not be more than 200, too many each small hole almost connects together, and the ear bud too much can't be grown up and be influenced product quality.Bacterial classification of the present invention does not have specific (special) requirements, the excellent species that general juggle cultivation is used all can, sale is all arranged on market.

Particular content of the present invention:

The present invention is a kind of method of cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags, it is the mycelium tissue that adopts dazzling youngster's mode to stimulate in the ear bag, make its position form fruit body dazzling youngster--go out ear, can increase in the ear bag on the one hand, outer exchange gas, thereby improve the resistance that the ear bag, the woodear root of growth is diminished, it is big that auricle becomes, the mouthfeel softness, because going out the resistance of ear bag strengthens, so can go out three batches to six batches more than the ear, effect a radical cure the existing output instability of present cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags, the mashed ear of normal appearance, the stream ear, shortcomings such as fist ear and severe infections green mold bacterium; The dazzling youngster of the present invention adopts special-purpose dazzling youngster's pin, and what its dazzling youngster's shape can be according to environmental condition is different different, its cross section can be circular, square, leg-of-mutton, V-arrangement, semicircular arc etc.; The dazzling youngster's pin of the present invention adopts special-purpose dazzling youngster's pin, and what its thickness size also can be according to environmental condition is different different, and it plants area generally at 3mm ²～48mm ²Between, be example with the round pin, if environment is dry, humidity is difficult to keep, and just should adopt thin any pin, but the carefullyyest also should not be lower than Φ 2mm, just is difficult to form the ear bud if be lower than Φ 2mm, even form the ear bud, comes off owing to root is too carefully also very easy; If environmental condition is relatively moist, can adopts thick any pin, but the slightlyest should not surpass Φ 8mm, the ear bud root chap of too thick formation, just as broad as long with scarfing; The present invention adopts special-purpose dazzling youngster's pinprick small hole, wherein dazzling youngster's number also changes and changes to some extent according to condition on each cultivation bag, if going out the ear bag grows relatively goodly, relatively consolidation just can be pricked some more, grows badly if go out the ear bag, or still there is part not cover with mycelia, just can prick less,, just prick less if used pin is thicker, otherwise just the bundle more, but minimumly can not be less than 12, not reaching very little stimulates the ear bag, increases the purpose of resistance, at most can not be more than 200, too many each small hole almost connects together, and the ear bud too much can't be grown up, and influences product quality; The method that the present invention also can adopt scarfing to combine with dazzling youngster stimulates and ear, and its effect is also fine.

Embodiments of the invention:

Embodiment 1:

Produce the prescription of cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags according to the method for routine: wood chip 78%, wheat bran 20%, gypsum 2%, add water and stir, moisture content reaches about 60%-62%;

With the material that the prepares wide 16-17cm that packs into, in the high-temperature resistance plastice bag of long 33-37cm, material will load real, pricks the eye of a Φ 2cm then in the middle of material, and the degree of depth reaches the bottom of bag, puts neck ring, a tampon beyond the Great Wall in bag;

The pocket that installs is put into the sterilization of normal-pressure sterilization pot took out in 8-12 hour, when treating that temperature drops to below 30 ℃, the requirement access woodear original seed by sterile working is put into cultivation in the environment about 25 ℃, sends out bacterium, and mycelia is covered with has promptly become the ear bag;

Go out the ear bag more than inciting somebody to action and remove tampon, tighten sack, vertically prick 8 row small holes around, every row has 20 small holes, and 160 small holes are arranged altogether, and dazzling youngster's pin adopts the Φ 3mm of cross section circle;

The ear bag that goes out of having pricked the small hole is put in the ridge-up bed, water spray keeps relative moisture 80%-85%, temperature fruit body can occur below 30 ℃--go out ear, about about the 40 days first batch of ear of can gathering can be gathered altogether about six batches of ears, and its quality can meet or exceed the quality of the woodear of juggle cultivation, the basal part of the ear is little, auricle is big, and the mouthfeel softness is subjected to the welcome in market deeply.

Embodiment 2:

Go out the ear bag and vertically cut 4 row's V-shaped parts embodiment 1 is cultured, 2 V-shaped parts are arranged among every row, prick 4 row small holes again in the gaps of 4 row's V-shaped parts, adopting the cross section is the square dazzling pin of 3mm * 3mm, and 8 small holes are arranged in every row's eye, pricks 32 small holes altogether, to go out the ear bag then is put in the ridge-up bed, controlled humidity is at 90%-95%, and temperature goes out ear below 30 ℃, can gather first planting ear through about 40 days, the 4-5 stubble ear of can gathering altogether, big of the quality sheet of its ear is little, the mouthfeel softness.

The present invention adopts that dazzling youngster's go out the ear method, can strengthen in the ear bag, outer exchange gas, strengthen the resistance that the ear bag, improve mycelial vigor, because vigor has strengthened, after ripe woodear is gathered, also can on the ear base, send sprouting, can one batch of one stub land gather till nutrition exhausts in bag, no matter the woodear that adopts method of the present invention to produce is outward appearance, mouthfeel, or all the product with the juggle cultivation is suitable on the inherent quality, replace the juggle cultivation to become possibility so adopt the method for this cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags that extensive bag is planted, the present invention is the revolution on the cultivation of auricularia auricula history.

Claims

1, a kind of method of cultivating Auricularia auricula-judae in bags, it is to adopt the mode that the dazzling youngster of ear bag is stimulated the mycelium tissue that in the ear bag, make it form fruit body at position of dazzling youngster--go out ear, go out the mode that the ear bag can adopt dazzling youngster, the mode that also can adopt scarfing to combine with dazzling youngster stimulates and ear.

2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, the pin area of section used of wherein said dazzling youngster is 3mm ²-48mm ²

3, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described dazzling youngster's shape can be circular, square, triangle, semicircle, arc and V-arrangement etc.

4, according to the process of claim 1 wherein described dazzling youngster number each the bag between 12-200 small hole.