CN1367392A - High-accuracy failure wave-recording device and its transmission line combined failure distance-measuring method - Google Patents
High-accuracy failure wave-recording device and its transmission line combined failure distance-measuring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of power system, including four portions of topping machine, background machine, power system synchroclock and printer, in which the topping machine includes steady-state voltage and current collecting unit, transient voltage and current collecting unit, high-frequency collecting unit and GPS (global navigational satellite timing and distance-measuring system) time synchronization unit which can be used for providing accurate time mark and interfaced with power system synchroclock. The background machine adopts industrial control computer for fault data analysis and processing, the power system synchroclock is used for providing accurate time information and the printer can be used for printing fault record and fault distance-reasuring result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power, particularly electric power system fault waveform recording and fault analysis.
Background technology
Fault oscillograph is a kind of aut.eq. that puts throughout the year, monitors the Operation of Electric Systems situation into operation.By the information that fault wave recording device write down is analyzed, can determine that fault is separate, failure message such as action behavior of current/voltage amplitude, protective relaying device, switch motion number of times.Thereby improve the configuration of electric system, make electric system have maximum reliability.The development of technology such as UHV (ultra-high voltage), long distance powedr transmission and popularization make the safety of electric system and stable operation face higher test.Behind the line failure, the point of trouble-shooting rapidly and accurately shortens fault handling time so that restore electricity as early as possible, becomes an important step that guarantees power supply reliability.Just because of this, key player---fault wave recording device as analysis, handling failure, people have had higher requirement again to its performance, such as the stable state waveform that requires after oscillograph not only can record trouble takes place, and the transient state waveform after can record trouble taking place.A bit be research and the important foundation of using novel traveling-wave protection, transient protection, traveling wave fault location device wherein, can obtain valuable first-hand data thus.Present fault oscillograph, the GLQ-10 type fault oscillograph such as by Shandong Polytechnic Univ's development comprises four ingredients such as front end processor, background computer, electric system synchronous clock, printer; Stable state, low frequency failure message after the record trouble of front end processor wherein takes place, and important transient state failure message as harmful information and filtering.In addition, background computer only adopts the impedance fault location algorithm of stable state power frequency failure message; Perhaps only adopt the traveling wave fault location algorithm of transient state failure message (only to have the travelling wave ranging function such as the transmission line travelling wave fault location device XC-11 that participates in development by the inventor, but the range finding reliability is very poor), the actual range after all can not providing transmission line of electricity accurately, reliably and breaking down.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of prior art; design a kind of high precision fault oscillograph; make its can either write down the stable state failure message, again can write down the transient state failure message, simultaneously accurately calculate the transmission line malfunction position according to stable state failure message that is write down and transient state failure message, can and test novel relay protection and fault location device for development simultaneously first-hand fault data is provided based on the transient state failure message.Thereby satisfy higher to fault wave recording device under the new situation requirement.
A kind of high precision fault oscillograph of the present invention's design is characterized in that, comprises front end processor, background computer, electric system synchronous clock; This front end processor links to each other with background computer by serial communication port, and this electric system synchronous clock links to each other with front end processor by lead; It is characterized in that: said front end processor comprises the steady state voltage collection plate of collection, record stable state false voltage, gather, write down the transient voltage collection plate of transient state false voltage, gather, write down the steady-state current collection plate of stable state fault current, gather, write down the transient current collection plate of transient state fault current, gather, the high frequency collection plate of record high-frequency information, be used to provide precise time label and and the time synchronized plate of electric system synchronous clock interface; Above-mentioned each plate is plugged on the motherboard successively.
Said stable state and transient voltage collection are by voltage after the voltage measuring transformer record electrical equipment malfunction, then the fault data that collects are sent to background computer by serial communication port; Said stable state and transient current collection are by current transformer survey record electrical equipment malfunction after-current, then the fault data that collects are sent to background computer by serial communication port; The high-frequency signal that sends or be subjected on the said high frequency collecting unit survey record transmission line of electricity machine for receiving and emitting message, and a record result sends background computer to by serial communication port; Said time synchronized unit receives electric system synchronous clock given lock in time, and this time signal is sent to above-mentioned three kinds of collecting units and background computer by lead, is used to realize the time synchronized of whole oscillograph; Said background computer links to each other with the time synchronized unit with above-mentioned collecting unit by serial communication port, obtains fault data and temporal information, prints, stores, shows above-mentioned failure message, provides the exact position of transmission line malfunction simultaneously.
The present invention proposes a kind of stable state of utilizing fault oscillograph to write down, transient voltage and electric current, operate in the transmission line of electricity combined fault range finding calculation method of the single-end electrical quantity on the background computer, this method can effectively solve the reliability and the accuracy problem of ultra-high-tension power transmission line fault localization.It is by forming based on the impedance location algorithm of power frequency electric parameters with based on the travelling wave ranging algorithm combination of transient state travelling wave.The characteristics of this method are the advantages that combines the two, have reliability height, range finding characteristic of accurate.The principle of this method is
Give the scope that is out of order and takes place by the impedance location algorithm with robustness, error is no more than 10% of total track length, carries out accurate localization of fault by the travelling wave ranging method then, and error is less than 1 kilometer.
May further comprise the steps;
(1) obtains the three-phase transient current of measured transmission line of electricity from the transient current collection plate;
(2) obtain the three-phase transient voltage of measured transmission line of electricity from the transient voltage collection plate;
(3) obtain the three-phase steady-state current of measured transmission line of electricity from the steady-state current collection plate;
(4) obtain the three-phase steady state voltage of measured transmission line of electricity from the steady state voltage collection plate;
(5), give the scope that is out of order and takes place by impedance location algorithm with robustness according to the stable state three-phase current and the voltage that obtain;
Wherein, the single-ended impedance location algorithm is:
In the formula, X---the actual range from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: kilometer,
X---the reactance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm,
x
0---the reactance of measured circuit unit length, unit: ohm/kilometer,
Reactance x from the measurement point to the trouble spot can calculate with following formula:
In the formula, R
m---the measuring resistance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm,
x
m---the measurement reactance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm,
L---the angle of impedance of measured circuit, unit: radian,
A, b---coefficient; Wherein coefficient a, b can calculate with following formula
In the formula:
Be the electric current phasor and the current failure component phasor of measurement point, wherein, measuring resistance R
mWith measurement reactance x
mCan calculate in order to following formula, for singlephase earth fault
Wherein
---the phase voltage phasor;
---the phase current phasor;
---the zero-sequence current phasor;
Z
0.Z
1-measured circuit unit length zero sequence and positive sequence impedance, unit: ohm is for phase-to phase fault: the short circuit of AB phase,
The short circuit of AC phase,
The short circuit of BC phase,
---A, B, each phase voltage phasor of C,
---A, B, each phase current phasor of C;
(6) according to the transient state three-phase current that obtains, carry out fault localization by the travelling wave ranging method; The capable ripple principle of single-ended traveling wave location algorithm sample rate current constitutes, and the mathematics formula is as follows:
L=(T
1-T
2In the)/V formula, L---fault distance, unit: kilometer V---wave velocity, unit: kilometer per second, for given circuit, it is a constant near the light velocity,
T
1---the capable ripple of initial current arrives the time of check point, unit: microsecond
T
2---the capable ripple of reflected current arrives the time of check point, unit: microsecond
(7) in comprehensive (5) and (6) step, realize accurate localization of fault.
When impedance method was given the scope of the generation of being out of order, the position of reflected traveling wave wave head is just unique generally speaking to have been determined.Thereby realized the reliable and accurate fault localization of transmission line of electricity.
Major technique characteristics of the present invention are:
1, can either write down power frequency failure message (comprising harmonic component), also can write down the transient state failure message, thereby replace present power failure oscillograph (they can only write down the stable state failure message, can not write down the transient state failure message).Power frequency sample frequency 1 KHz, transient state sample frequency 1 megahertz;
2, can realize the accurate fault localization of transmission line of electricity, error is less than 1 kilometer, the reliability height.
Range of application of the present invention:
1, comprehensive record of the generating plant of various electric pressures, transformer station's electrical equipment malfunction information comprises ultra-high-tension power transmission line, generator, large-scale power transformer, capacitor, phase modifier;
2, comprehensive record of the failure message of electrical equipment in the various distribution networks comprises distribution line and substation transformer etc.;
Technical indicator of the present invention:
1, record electric parameters number:
(1) minimum two loop line road (transformer) power currents (three-phase current and zero-sequence current), 8 analog quantitys of writing down; Can write down ten loop line road (transformer) power currents at most, 40 analog quantitys.Sample frequency 1 KHz, 15 minutes dominant record time;
(2) minimum two loop line road (transformer) transient currents (three-phase current and zero-sequence current), 8 analog quantitys of writing down; Can write down ten loop line road (transformer) transient currents at most, 40 analog quantitys; Sample frequency 1 megahertz, 20 milliseconds of dominant record times;
(3) can write down four road high-frequency signals, 8 analog quantitys, sample frequency 50 KHz, 400 milliseconds of dominant record times;
(4) minimum twice bus power-frequency voltages (three-phase voltage and residual voltage), 8 analog quantitys of writing down; Can write down the bus power-frequency voltage at most four times, 16 analog quantitys.Sample frequency 1 KHz, 15 minutes dominant record time;
(5) minimum twice bus transient voltages (three-phase voltage and residual voltage), 8 analog quantitys of writing down; Can write down the bus transient voltage at most four times, 16 analog quantitys.Sample frequency 1 megahertz, 20 milliseconds of dominant record times;
(6) can write down the 64 way switch amounts that to write down (open into, leave).
2, the backstage analysis software that operates on the background computer can be realized the accurate fault localization of transmission line of electricity in conjunction with power frequency electric parameters fault localization algorithm and traveling wave method, and error is no more than 1 kilometer generally speaking.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiments of the invention hardware structure diagram.
Fig. 2 is the hardware structure diagram of the front end processor of present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the transient state plug-in unit hardware structure diagram of present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the program flow diagram of the transient state plug-in unit central processor CPU of present embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the power frequency plug-in unit hardware structure diagram of present embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the program flow diagram of the power frequency plug-in unit central processor CPU of present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the synchronous plug-in unit hardware structure diagram of the gps time of present embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the synchronous plug-in unit central processor unit of the gps time of a present embodiment program flow diagram.
Fig. 9 is the background computer flow chart of present embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of high precision fault oscillograph embodiment of the present invention's design now is described in detail as follows in conjunction with this figure as shown in Figure 1:
It is made up of front end processor, backstage industrial computer, electric system synchronous clock, printer.
Wherein front end processor is used for gathering in real time the high-frequency signal and the switching value of stable state power current, transient state travelling wave electric current, stable state power-frequency voltage, transient state travelling wave voltage, carrier current protection use, and it links to each other with background computer, electric system synchronous clock;
Wherein the backstage industrial computer is used for record, storage, shows fault waveform and fault data, computing electric power line fault distance, carries out fault analysis, and it links to each other with front end processor, printer;
The electric system synchronous clock provides the precise synchronization time for whole oscillograph system, and it links to each other with front end processor;
Printer is used for printing record ripple result and fault localization result, and it links to each other with background computer.
Front end processor and background computer couple together by the CAN universal serial bus, constitute real-time a, organic whole.
The composition embodiment of each part mentioned above is described in detail as follows respectively:
One, front end processor
The formation of the front end processor of present embodiment as shown in Figure 2.Form by 10 parts: power insert 1, transducer plug-in unit 2, transient current is gathered plug-in unit 3, and power current is gathered plug-in unit 4, and transient voltage is gathered plug-in unit 5, and power-frequency voltage is gathered plug-in unit 6, and high-frequency signal is gathered plug-in unit 7, the synchronous plug-in unit 8 of gps clock, motherboard 9, cabinet 0.Wherein, transient current is gathered plug-in unit 3, transient voltage is gathered plug-in unit 5 and gathered the identical structure (being called for short the transient state plug-in unit) of plug-in unit 7 employings with high-frequency signal; Power current is gathered plug-in unit 4 and is gathered the identical structure (being called for short the power frequency plug-in unit) of plug-in unit 6 employings with power-frequency voltage.The annexation of these 10 parts is: power insert 1, transducer plug-in unit 2, transient current is gathered plug-in unit 3, power current is gathered plug-in unit 4, transient voltage is gathered plug-in unit 5, and power-frequency voltage is gathered plug-in unit 6, and high-frequency signal is gathered plug-in unit 7,8 blocks of plug-in units of synchronous plug-in unit 8 grades of gps clock all are inserted on the motherboard 9 by socket, and they are encapsulated in 10 li of the cabinets of an aluminium alloy then.
The present invention also can select different plug-in unit number and kind for use according to the needs of practical application, is combined into the fault oscillograph of various configurations, and present embodiment is a minimal configuration.
Each plug-in unit is described in detail as follows:
1, the transient state plug-in unit comprises: transient current is gathered plug-in unit 3, transient voltage gathers plug-in unit 5 and high-frequency signal is gathered plug-in unit 7.The effect of this plug-in unit is transient current behind collection and the record trouble, transient voltage, high-frequency signal, and sample frequency is set at 1 megahertz, 6 milliseconds of sampling lengths, and 4 of modulus converter A/D conversion accuracies can be gathered 8 tunnel analog quantitys.Above-mentioned three plug-in unit hardware constitute as shown in Figure 3, it is made up of central processor unit CPU and coupled data-carrier store RAM and program storage EPR, wherein: the 8051XA series monolithic that central processor unit CPU produces for Philips company, model is PXAC37KFA; Data-carrier store RAM model is 628512ALP-7; Program storage EPROM model is M27C64;
Be solidificated in the program storage (EPROM) of transient state plug-in unit, the program circuit that moves in central processor unit CPU (8051XA-37K) is as shown in Figure 4, and is existing as follows in conjunction with the course of work of this figure program description transient state plug-in unit:
During normal the operation, 8 road transient voltages (or electric current) that come from the transducer plug-in unit are the low-pass filter of 200 KHz through cutoff frequency at first, the fixed level of exporting an analog quantity and a setting then compares, if output quantity greater than fixed level, then provides the fault initiating signal; Otherwise, do not send the fault initiating signal.This analog quantity is converted into digital quantity and deposits in the data-carrier store by what modulus converter A/D did not stop.
When not having fault, A/D constantly changes, but CPU does not read this sampled data.After only detecting the signal of fault generation, CPU notes the current address, and begins to read 6000 words of per 8 road digital quantities (2 byte) from this address, amounts to 96000 bytes, and these data are sent to background computer, is used for storage and shows printing.
It should be noted that especially: gather plug-in unit for high-frequency signal, read once every 10 somes during reading of data, this is because the high-frequency signal sample frequency is chosen as 100 KHz, be 60 milliseconds writing time, and the digital quantity that writes down for each road high-frequency signal still writes down 6000 words (2 byte).
2, the power frequency plug-in unit comprises: power current gathers plug-in unit 4 and power-frequency voltage is gathered plug-in unit 6
The effect of this plug-in unit is to gather and record trouble front and back stable state power current, stable state power-frequency voltage and switching value, and sample frequency is variable, from 20 hertz ~ 1 KHz.Sampling length 10 minutes, 14 of modulus converter A/D conversion accuracies can be gathered 8 tunnel analog quantitys.Its hardware is wiped program storage EEPROM by central processor unit CPU and coupled data-carrier store RAM, program storage EPROM and electricity and is formed, as shown in Figure 5.Wherein, the 8051XA series monolithic that central processor unit CPU produces for Philips company, model is PXAC37KFA; Data-carrier store RAM is 6281000ALP-7; Program storage EPROM is M27C64; Electricity is wiped program storage EEPROM, can deposit the data of 2 kilobyte, such as starting threshold and other setting valve.
The program circuit of this power frequency plug-in unit as shown in Figure 6, comprise master routine and sampling interrupt routine, this program Solidification moves in central processor unit CPU (8051XA-37K) in program storage (EPROM), and is existing as follows in conjunction with the course of work of this figure program description power frequency plug-in unit:
During normal the operation, 8 tunnel stable state power frequency attitude voltages (or electric current) that come from the transducer plug-in unit at first are 500 hertz low-pass filter through cutoff frequency, then under the control of CPU, be converted into digital quantity by modulus converter A/D with the inversion frequency of 1 KHz and deposit in the data-carrier store.
When " the fault initiating signal " that come from the transient state plug-in unit arrives, the sampled values before the sampled value of current three-phase current and 20 milliseconds are carried out subtraction simultaneously, and the difference of the two confirms that fault takes place when adjusting threshold value.
From this time, CPU is worth 1000 words (2000 byte) from each way that data-carrier store reads 8 road voltages (or electric current) that collect, and reads 16000 bytes (8 tunnel) altogether, amounts to 1 second kind time;
Then, read 1 point, read 144000 bytes (8 tunnel) altogether, amount to 15 minutes every 10 points.
In addition, the switching value input/output information that comes from external circuit inserts on the data bus of central processor unit through bus driver chip 74LS245, and per 1 millisecond is refreshed once, is used for detector switch quantitative change position situation and provides switching value output information.
The result sends background computer to by serial port 1 record, is used for storage and shows printing.Finish this failure logging process.
3, the synchronous plug-in unit 8 of gps clock:
The effect of this plug-in unit is to receive serial temporal information and the accurate pulse per second (PPS) that comes from GPS electric system synchronous clock, produces this oscillograph clock source accurately.The hardware of the synchronous plug-in unit of this gps clock constitutes as shown in Figure 7, and it mainly is made up of central processor unit CPU and coupled data-carrier store RAM, program storage EPROM, high precision crystal oscillator sum counter, wherein; The 8051XA series monolithic that central processor unit CPU produces for Philips company, model is PXAC37KFA; Data-carrier store RAM is 628512ALP-7; Program storage EPROM is M27C64; The high precision crystal oscillator is the 33Z megahertz; Counter is the 74LS161 circuit.
Be solidificated among the program storage EPROM, operate in the 8051XA single-chip microcomputer program as shown in Figure 8, existing in conjunction with this workflow graph illustrate this plug-in unit the course of work as follows:
During normal the operation, CPU will once receive the accurate GPS clock information by serial port 11 second;
1PPS is the accurate pulse per second (PPS) that GPS electric system synchronous clock is produced, and error is less than 1 microsecond;
Counter circuit will become microsecond pulse to the pulse per second (PPS) frequency division that 1PPS produced;
After detected device fails, enabling signal is with flip-flop number circuit stop pulse counting, and notice CPU.At this moment, CPU-8051XA will detect this enabling signal, and note accurately and trigger constantly.The accurate microsecond time that fault that Here it is takes place.
CPU further assembles date Hour Minute Second information and the microsecond just now received p.s. constantly, will obtain complete time of failure information.
Then, CPU will initiatively take place that this fault that is write down constantly send to motherboard (bus) by broadcast mode, and each is gathered plug-in unit and all will obtain accurate time of failure like this.
CPU also will utilize serial port 2 that this temporal information is sent to background computer, be used for printout.
4, the transducer plug-in unit 2
The effect of this plug-in unit is that the current transformation of 100 volts of voltage and currents 1 (or 5) ampere that comes from voltage current transformer is become positive and negative 5 volts voltage signal, uses for single chip circuit.
8 voltage/voltage changers and 8 current/voltage transducers are installed on this plug-in unit.
Voltage/voltage changer model is SPT-264A, and current/voltage transducer model is SPT-264
5, motherboard 9
The effect of this plug-in unit is that each plug-in unit is fixed on its socket, and the interconnection between each plug-in unit is provided simultaneously.
6, power insert 1
The employed power supply of each plug-in unit of front end processor (model is YF20-113) is provided, 250 watts of power, electric pressure is: positive and negative 5 volts, positive and negative 12 volts
7, cabinet 10
Two, background computer
The background computer of present embodiment is selected Industrial Control Computer for use, and model is AWS842T 256K, 4ISA, 2PCI, 1CPU; 10 ", liquid crystal tool coloured silk, 640 * 480 volumes: 482 * 366 * 450mm (19 " * 14 " * 17 ")
The effect and the function of this background computer comprise: deposit fault recorder data; On the LCD screen of industrial computer, show record ripple result; Form print file and drive printer prints record ripple result; And communicate by letter between each collecting unit, obtain fault waveform, fault-time; The work of each collecting unit of coordinative command is as fixed value modification etc.; Measuring distance of transmission line fault, above-mentioned each function is achieved by the program that is solidificated in the background computer.
The flow chart of background computer is described as follows as shown in Figure 9:
(1) this program run is on background computer (Industrial Control Computer);
(2) at first power on initialization;
(3) enter the WINDOWS platform;
(4) open various interruptions, comprise keyboard, serial port etc.;
(5) just enter interrupt latency then;
(6) if interrupt, then change corresponding serial port interrupt handling routine over to by serial port;
Mainly comprise following work and step:
Read transient voltage collection plate record result;
Read transient current collection plate record result;
Read steady state voltage collection plate record result;
Read steady-state current collection plate record result.
Utilize according to the stable state three-phase current and the voltage that obtain, give the scope that is out of order and takes place by the impedance location algorithm with robustness, error is no more than 10% of total track length;
Wherein measuring distance of transmission line fault detailed algorithm and performing step are described as follows:
The first step: the three-phase transient current that obtains measured transmission line of electricity from the transient current collection plate;
Second step: the three-phase transient voltage that obtains measured transmission line of electricity from the transient voltage collection plate;
The 3rd step: the three-phase steady-state current that obtains measured transmission line of electricity from the steady-state current collection plate;
The 4th step: the three-phase steady state voltage that obtains measured transmission line of electricity from the steady state voltage collection plate;
The 5th step: according to the stable state three-phase current and the voltage that obtain, give the scope that is out of order and takes place by the impedance location algorithm with robustness, error is no more than 10% of total track length;
Wherein, the single-ended impedance location algorithm can be shown with the mathematical expression sublist
In the formula, X---the actual range from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: kilometer
X---the reactance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm
x
0---the reactance of measured circuit unit length, unit: ohm/kilometer
Reactance x from the measurement point to the trouble spot can calculate with following formula
In the formula, R
m---the measuring resistance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm
x
m---the measurement reactance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm
L---the angle of impedance of measured circuit, unit: radian
A, b---coefficient.Wherein coefficient a, b can calculate with following formula
In formula (3), (4)
Be the electric current phasor and the current failure component phasor of measurement point.Wherein, measuring resistance R
mWith measurement reactance x
mCan calculate for singlephase earth fault in order to following formula
Wherein
---the phase voltage phasor;
---the phase current phasor;
---the zero-sequence current phasor;
Z
0.Z
1-measured circuit unit length zero sequence and positive sequence impedance, unit: ohm for the short circuit of phase-to phase fault AB phase,
The short circuit of AC phase,
The short circuit of BC phase,
---A, B, each phase voltage phasor of C;
---A, B, each phase current phasor of C;
The 6th step: the transient state three-phase current according to obtaining, carry out fault localization by the travelling wave ranging method;
The capable ripple principle of single-ended traveling wave location algorithm sample rate current constitutes, and the mathematics formula is as follows:
L＝(T
1-T
2)/V (9)
In the formula (9),
L---fault distance, unit: kilometer
V---wave velocity, unit: kilometer per second.For given circuit, it is a constant, near the light velocity.
T
1---the capable ripple of initial current arrives the time of check point, unit: microsecond;
T
2---the capable ripple of reflected current arrives the time of check point, unit: microsecond
The 7th step: comprehensive the 5th step and the 6th step, realize accurate localization of fault, store this range finding result, use for printing and showing.Interrupt then returning.
(7) if keyboard interrupt then checks it is which key is pressed, carry out corresponding operation then.Such as: fault distance calculates, prints, shows or the like.Wherein fault distance Calculation Method and step are seen above-mentioned.
Three, GPS electric system synchronous clock
GPS electric system synchronous clock provides the precise synchronization time for whole oscillograph system.The synchronous clock of the T-GPS12 series that the electric corporation that can purchase section converges is produced.It has standard serial mouths such as RS232,485, IRIG can select, be used for and computing machine between carry out the serial temporal information and read; It also has the pulse per second (PPS) synchronizing signal, can carry out the precise time frequency division.
Four, printer
Can select LK1600 series 24 needle printers, be used to print fault waveform and the relevant data that oscillograph writes down, also can print fault range finding result.
The course of work of the embodiment of the invention:
(1) the voltage and current signal that comes from voltage current transformer inserts the transducer plug-in unit respectively, is for conversion into positive and negative 5 volts signal;
(2) the switching value information that comes from isolating switch or other make and break contact inserts power frequency collection plug-in unit
(3) if do not break down, then power frequency collection plug-in unit and transient state collection plug-in unit all continue the sampling of oneself, and power frequency is gathered the frequency sampling of plug-in unit according to 1 KHz, and constantly failure judgement starts; Transient state is gathered the frequency sampling of plug-in unit according to 1 megahertz.
(4) if fault takes place, the hardware-initiated circuit that transient state is gathered plug-in unit starts (triggering) rapidly, and notifies all to gather plug-in unit with the mode of broadcasting.Oneself begins 6 milliseconds of read failure data simultaneously;
(5) after power frequency collection plug-in unit is received this information, proceed software fault and start differentiation.If software is judged 5 points (5 milliseconds), after the affirmation fault takes place, notify other all collection plug-in units.Simultaneously oneself is at first with 1 second of frequency read failure data of 1 KHz; Then, read fault data once, read 15 minutes every 10 points;
(6) gather plug-in unit proactive notification background computer by power frequency, fault takes place, and the fault data of each plug-in unit is read in request.
(7) the synchronous plug-in unit of gps time is the same with the enabling signal of transient state collection plug-in unit, after fault takes place, it notes the accurate moment (microsecond information) that fault takes place rapidly, forms complete fault-time jointly with the date Hour Minute Second information of the serial port that comes from GPS electric system synchronous clock then.And notify each to gather plug-in unit with broadcast mode, wait for that then the backstage industrial computer asks for time of failure.
(8) the serial port interrupt request of background computer response power frequency collection plug-in unit, touring fault data and the time of reading all plug-in units.
(9) form the fault data file by the backstage industrial computer;
(10) calculate fault distance accurately by the backstage industrial computer.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of high precision fault oscillograph comprises front end processor, background computer, electric system synchronous clock; This front end processor links to each other with background computer by serial communication port, and this electric system synchronous clock links to each other with front end processor by lead; It is characterized in that: said front end processor comprises collection, the steady state voltage collection plate of record stable state false voltage, gather, the transient voltage collection plate of record transient state false voltage, gather, the steady-state current collection plate of record stable state fault current, gather, the transient current collection plate of record transient state fault current, gather, the high frequency collection plate of record high-frequency information, be used to provide precise time label and and the time synchronized plate of electric system synchronous clock interface, and be stored in data processor in each collection plate, above-mentioned each plate is plugged on the motherboard successively, and said background computer stores failure data analyzing, handle and utilize the transmission line of electricity combined fault location algorithm program of single-end electrical quantity.
2, high precision fault oscillograph as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said background computer adopts Industrial Control Computer.
3, a kind of transmission line of electricity combined fault distance-finding method that utilizes single-end electrical quantity may further comprise the steps;
(1) obtains the three-phase transient current of measured transmission line of electricity from the transient current collection plate;
(2) obtain the three-phase transient voltage of measured transmission line of electricity from the transient voltage collection plate;
(3) obtain the three-phase steady-state current of measured transmission line of electricity from the steady-state current collection plate;
(4) obtain the three-phase steady state voltage of measured transmission line of electricity from the steady state voltage collection plate;
(5), give the scope that is out of order and takes place by impedance location algorithm with robustness according to the stable state three-phase current and the voltage that obtain;
Wherein, the single-ended impedance location algorithm is:
In the formula, X---the actual range from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: kilometer,
X---the reactance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm,
x
0---the reactance of measured circuit unit length, unit: ohm/kilometer,
Reactance x from the measurement point to the trouble spot can calculate with following formula:
In the formula, R
m---the measuring resistance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm,
x
m---the measurement reactance from the measurement point to the trouble spot, unit: ohm,
L---the angle of impedance of measured circuit, unit: radian,
A, b---coefficient;
Wherein coefficient a, b can calculate with following formula
In the formula:
Be the electric current phasor and the current failure component phasor of measurement point, wherein, measuring resistance R
mWith measurement reactance x
mCan calculate in order to following formula, for singlephase earth fault
Wherein
---the phase voltage phasor;
---the phase current phasor;
---the zero-sequence current phasor; Z
0.Z
1-measured circuit unit length zero sequence and positive sequence impedance, unit: ohm is for phase-to phase fault: the short circuit of AB phase,
The short circuit of AC phase,
The short circuit of BC phase,
---A, B, each phase voltage phasor of C,
---A, B, each phase current phasor of C; (6) according to the transient state three-phase current that obtains, carry out fault localization by the travelling wave ranging method; The capable ripple principle of single-ended traveling wave location algorithm sample rate current constitutes, and the mathematics formula is as follows:
L=(T
1-T
2In the)/V formula, L---fault distance, unit: kilometer V---speed, unit: kilometer per second, for given circuit, it is a constant near the light velocity, T
1---the capable ripple of initial current arrives the time of check point, unit: microsecond T
2---the capable ripple of reflected current arrives the time of check point, unit: microsecond (7) comprehensive 5) and 6) go on foot, realize accurate localization of fault.
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