CN110579719A - Storage battery impedance measuring device - Google Patents
Storage battery impedance measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110579719A CN110579719A CN201910971809.1A CN201910971809A CN110579719A CN 110579719 A CN110579719 A CN 110579719A CN 201910971809 A CN201910971809 A CN 201910971809A CN 110579719 A CN110579719 A CN 110579719A
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- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002847 impedance measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010613 Electrolyte Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
Abstract
the invention provides a storage battery impedance measuring device, comprising: the sine wave voltage signal generating circuit is used for generating a reference sine wave voltage signal with a preset frequency; the voltage transformation isolator transforms the voltage of the reference sine wave voltage signal to obtain an injected sine wave voltage signal which is electrically isolated from the reference sine wave voltage signal; the state switch is used for conducting and injecting the sine wave voltage signal in the measuring state; the voltage sampling conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of sampling conditioning parts corresponding to the plurality of storage batteries respectively, and each sampling conditioning part is used for collecting the voltage of the corresponding storage battery to obtain battery voltage information; the current sampling conditioning circuit is used for acquiring current flowing through the storage battery pack to obtain battery current information; and the microprocessor is used for processing the battery voltage information and the battery current information of all the storage batteries to obtain the equivalent impedance of each storage battery and the corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of storage battery performance detection, and particularly relates to a storage battery impedance measuring device.
background
the storage battery pack is used as a standby power supply and widely applied to important fields such as spaceflight, electric power, data centers and communication. As is known, a storage battery as a backup power supply needs to be in a floating state for a long time, which may cause the reduction of the electrolyte activity of individual single storage batteries, the oxidation and vulcanization of the plates, and the generation of a large amount of sulfate crystals, resulting in the increase of the impedance of the single storage batteries, and further, the reduction of the capacity of the single storage batteries, or even the complete failure of the single storage batteries, thereby causing the failure of the whole storage battery. Therefore, the impedance of the single storage battery is an important index for the performance analysis of the storage battery pack.
The traditional storage battery impedance detection device can only detect the impedance of a single storage battery under a static state, and cannot accurately detect the impedance of the storage battery under a floating charge state. The reason is that: firstly, the traditional storage battery impedance detection device adopts a direct current detection method, and because a charging and discharging machine charges a storage battery pack all the time, direct current voltage signals injected into the storage battery pack are influenced, and the impedance of a single storage battery cannot be accurately detected through charging and discharging; secondly, the impedance measured by the direct current detection method is the equivalent impedance of the single storage battery, so that the pure impedance and the capacitive reactance in the equivalent impedance cannot be further measured, and the performance of the storage battery cannot be analyzed; and thirdly, the impedance measurement mode adopted at present is a non-isolation mode, the voltage signal generated by the voltage signal generation circuit is directly injected into the storage battery pack as an injection voltage signal, and the charging and discharging operation of the storage battery pack has large interference on the voltage signal generation circuit, so that the measurement error is large and the reliability is poor.
disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery impedance measuring device capable of accurately measuring an equivalent impedance of each battery in a battery pack in a float state, and a corresponding pure impedance and capacitance impedance on line.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a storage battery impedance measuring device, which is used for measuring the equivalent impedance, the corresponding pure impedance and the corresponding capacitive impedance of each storage battery in a storage battery pack which is in a floating charging state and is composed of a plurality of storage batteries which are connected in series, and is characterized by comprising the following components: the sine wave voltage signal generating circuit is used for generating a reference sine wave voltage signal with a preset frequency; the voltage transformation isolator transforms the voltage of the reference sine wave voltage signal to obtain an injected sine wave voltage signal which is electrically isolated from the reference sine wave voltage signal and is applied to two pole ends of the storage battery pack; the state switch is connected in series between the voltage transformation isolator and the storage battery pack and used for conducting and injecting sine wave voltage signals in a measuring state; the voltage sampling and conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of sampling and conditioning parts which respectively correspond to a plurality of storage batteries, and each sampling and conditioning part is used for collecting the voltage of the corresponding storage battery to obtain battery voltage information which comprises sine wave voltage content information and corresponding sine wave voltage phase information; the current sampling conditioning circuit is used for acquiring current flowing through the storage battery pack to obtain battery current information containing sine wave current content information and corresponding sine wave current phase information; and the microprocessor is used for processing the sine wave voltage content information and the corresponding sine wave voltage phase information of all the storage batteries, the sine wave current content information and the corresponding sine wave current phase information to obtain the equivalent impedance of each storage battery and the corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance.
The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: wherein, the sine wave voltage signal generating circuit has: the first voltage supply module and the second voltage supply module are independent of each other and are respectively used for supplying a first reference voltage and a second reference voltage; the square wave signal generating module is used for generating a square wave voltage signal with a preset frequency according to the first reference voltage; the signal waveform conversion module is used for converting the square wave voltage signal into a sine wave voltage signal; and the band-pass filtering module raises the voltage of the sine wave voltage signal based on the second reference voltage and performs band-pass filtering on the sine wave voltage signal after the voltage is raised to obtain a reference sine wave voltage signal.
the battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: the square wave signal generating module comprises a standard clock oscillator and a first resistor, the input end of the standard clock oscillator receives a first reference voltage, the frequency setting end of the standard clock oscillator is connected with one end of the first resistor, the signal waveform converting module comprises a second resistor and a first capacitor, one end of the second resistor is connected with the output end of the standard clock oscillator, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor, the band-pass filtering module comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first operational amplifier and a fifth resistor, one end of the third resistor is connected between the second resistor and the first capacitor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected with one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the third capacitor respectively; the positive phase input end of the first operational amplifier receives a second reference voltage, the negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the third capacitor and one end of the fifth resistor respectively, the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the other ends of the second capacitor and the fifth resistor respectively, and the other end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the first resistor are grounded together.
The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: the band-pass filtering module further comprises a voltage division unit, the voltage division unit comprises a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a fourth capacitor, one end of the sixth resistor, one end of the seventh resistor and one end of the fourth capacitor are respectively connected with the positive phase input end of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the sixth resistor receives a second reference voltage, and the other end of the seventh resistor and the other end of the fourth capacitor are grounded together.
The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: and the resistance values of the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor are equal.
The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: the first voltage supply module and the second voltage supply module respectively comprise a reference voltage source.
The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: the positive phase input end of the voltage transformation isolator is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, the negative phase input end of the voltage transformation isolator is grounded, and the positive phase output end and the negative phase output end of the voltage transformation isolator are respectively and correspondingly connected with the two pole ends of the storage battery pack.
The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: wherein the second reference voltage is greater than the first reference voltage.
The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: each sampling and conditioning part comprises an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a second operational amplifier, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor and a fifth capacitor, one end of the eighth resistor is connected with the positive end of the corresponding storage battery, the other end of the eighth resistor and one end of the tenth resistor are connected with the positive-phase input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the tenth resistor is grounded, one end of the ninth resistor is connected with the negative end of the corresponding storage battery, the other end of the ninth resistor and one end of the eleventh resistor are connected with the negative-phase input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the eleventh resistor and one end of the twelfth resistor are connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the twelfth resistor and one end of the fifth capacitor are connected with the microprocessor, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded.
The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to the present invention may further include: wherein, the current sampling conditioning module comprises a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a third operational amplifier, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor and a sixth capacitor, one end of the thirteenth resistor and one end of the fourteenth resistor are connected with the positive terminal of the storage battery pack together, the other end of the fourteenth resistor and one end of the sixteenth resistor are connected with the positive input terminal of the third operational amplifier together, the other end of the sixteenth resistor is grounded, the other end of the thirteenth resistor and one end of the fifteenth resistor are connected with the negative terminal of the storage battery pack together, the other end of the fifteenth resistor and one end of the seventeenth resistor are connected with the negative input terminal of the third operational amplifier together, the other end of the seventeenth resistor and one end of the eighteenth resistor are connected with the output terminal of the third operational amplifier together, the other end of the eighteenth resistor and one end of the sixth capacitor are, the other end of the sixth capacitor is grounded.
Action and Effect of the invention
according to the storage battery impedance measuring device, the storage battery impedance measuring device comprises a sine wave voltage signal generating circuit, a voltage transformation isolator, a voltage sampling conditioning circuit, a current sampling conditioning circuit and a microprocessor, wherein the sine wave voltage signal generating circuit can generate a reference sine wave voltage signal with preset frequency, the voltage transformation isolator transforms the reference sine wave voltage signal to obtain an injected sine wave voltage signal which is electrically isolated from the reference sine wave voltage signal and is applied to two poles of a storage battery pack, the voltage sampling conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of sampling conditioning parts corresponding to a plurality of storage batteries respectively, each sampling conditioning part can collect the voltage of the corresponding storage battery to obtain battery voltage information containing sine wave voltage content information and corresponding sine wave voltage phase information, and the current sampling conditioning circuit can collect the current flowing through the storage battery pack to obtain battery voltage information containing sine wave current content information and corresponding sine wave voltage phase information The microprocessor can process sine wave voltage content information of all storage batteries, corresponding sine wave voltage phase information, sine wave current content information and corresponding sine wave current phase information to obtain equivalent impedance of each storage battery and corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance, so that the method can perform online measurement on the equivalent impedance of each storage battery in the storage battery pack in a floating charging state and the corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance, and is convenient for performance analysis of the storage battery pack. Moreover, because the voltage transformation isolator enables the injected sine wave voltage signal to be electrically isolated from the reference sine wave voltage signal, even if the storage battery pack is in a floating charge state, the charging and discharging operation of the charging and discharging machine on the storage battery pack cannot influence the reference sine wave voltage signal, and therefore the accuracy and the reliability of the measuring result are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a battery impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery impedance measurement apparatus in an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a square wave voltage signal and a reference sine wave voltage signal in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a voltage sampling conditioning section in an embodiment of the invention; and
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a current sampling conditioning circuit in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement objects and the effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
< example >
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a battery impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the battery impedance measuring apparatus 100 is used to measure impedance information of each battery in the battery pack 200 in a float state, the impedance information including equivalent impedance of the battery and corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance, the battery pack 200 is composed of a plurality of batteries B1, B2, …, Bn connected in series, and n is a positive integer not less than 2. The battery impedance measuring device 100 includes a sine wave voltage signal generating circuit 10, a voltage transformation isolator 20, a state switch 30, a voltage sampling conditioning circuit 40, a current sampling conditioning circuit 50 and a microprocessor 60.
the sine wave voltage signal generating circuit 10 is used for generating a reference sine wave voltage signal AC of a preset frequencyrefThe device comprises a first voltage supply module 11, a second voltage supply module 12, a square wave signal generation module 13, a signal waveform conversion module 14 and a band-pass filter module 15.
The first voltage supply module 11 is used for supplying a first reference voltage Vref1。
the second voltage supply module 12 is independent from the first voltage supply module 11, and is used for supplying a second reference voltage Vref2。
The square wave signal generating module 13 is configured to generate a square wave voltage signal with a preset frequency according to the first reference voltage.
The signal waveform conversion module 14 is configured to convert the square wave voltage signal into a sine wave voltage signal.
The band-pass filtering module 15 is based on the second reference voltage Vref2Raising the voltage of the sine wave voltage signal, and performing band-pass filtering on the sine wave voltage signal after the voltage is raised to obtain a reference sine wave voltage signal ACref。
the voltage transformation isolator 20 converts the reference sine wave voltage signal ACrefTransforming to obtain a reference sine wave voltage signal ACrefPhase-electrically isolated injected sine wave voltage signal AC for application to the positive and negative terminals of battery pack 200out。
The state switch 20 is connected in series between the transformer isolator 20 and the battery pack 200, and is used for conducting the injected sine wave voltage signal AC in the measuring stateoutor cutting off the injection of the sine-wave voltage signal AC in the non-measuring stateout。
the voltage sampling and conditioning circuit 40 includes a plurality of sampling and conditioning portions respectively corresponding to the plurality of storage batteries, and each sampling and conditioning portion is configured to acquire the voltage of the corresponding storage battery to obtain battery voltage information including sine wave voltage content information and corresponding sine wave voltage phase information.
The current sampling and conditioning circuit 50 is configured to collect the current flowing through the battery pack 200 to obtain battery current information including sine wave current content information and corresponding sine wave current phase information.
The microprocessor 60 is used for controlling the on/off of the state switching switch 20; the method is also used for processing the sine wave voltage content information and the corresponding sine wave voltage phase information of all the storage batteries, the sine wave current content information and the corresponding sine wave current phase information to obtain the equivalent impedance of each storage battery and the corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery impedance measuring apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the first voltage supply module 11 includes a reference voltage source U1, a capacitor C1, and a capacitor C2. The input end of the reference voltage source U1 is used for receiving an external high potential voltage and is grounded through a capacitor C1; the output terminal of the reference voltage source U1 is connected to ground through a capacitor C2. In the present embodiment, the reference voltage source U1 is a LM4040a25 type reference voltage source.
The second voltage supply module 12 includes a reference voltage source U2, a capacitor C3, and a capacitor C4. The input end of the reference voltage source U2 is used for receiving an external high potential voltage and is grounded through a capacitor C3; the output terminal of the reference voltage source U2 is connected to ground through a capacitor C4. In the present embodiment, the reference voltage source U2 is a LM4040a30 type reference voltage source.
in the present embodiment, the external high voltage received by the reference voltage source U1 and the reference voltage source U2 are both 5V, and the reference voltage source U1 outputs the first reference voltage Vref12.5V, and a second reference voltage V output by the reference voltage source U2ref2Is 3V, Vref2-Vref10.5V. Designing a second reference voltage Vref2Greater than a first reference voltage Vref1To ensure a reference sine wave voltage signal ACrefis above the reference 0V.
The square wave signal generating module 13 includes a standard clock oscillator U3 and a resistor R1. In this embodiment, the standard clock oscillator U3 is a model LTC6906 standard clock oscillator. The input terminal of the standard clock oscillator U3 is connected to the output terminal of the reference voltage source U1, thereby receiving a first reference voltage Vref 1; the frequency setting terminal of the standard clock oscillator U3 is connected to one terminal of the resistor R1, the other terminal of the resistor R1 is grounded, and the output frequency of the square wave voltage signal can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance of the resistor R1, for example, when the standard clock oscillator U3 receives the first reference voltage Vref1When the resistance of 2.5V, R1 is 1000k Ω, the output frequency f of the square wave voltage signal is 100kHz × (100k Ω/1000k Ω) 10 kHz.
The signal waveform conversion module 14 includes a resistor R2 and a capacitor C5. One end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end of the standard clock oscillator U3, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C5; the other end of the capacitor C5 and the other end of the resistor R1 are commonly grounded. The resistor R2 and the capacitor C5 form an RC filter circuit to convert the square wave voltage signal into a sine wave voltage signal, the RC filter frequency cut-off frequency is set to be 0.3f to 1/2 pi to RC to 0.5f, so that the resistance value of the resistor R2 is 7500 omega, the capacity of the capacitor C5 is 680pF, and 1/2 pi to RC is 3.22 kHz.
The band-pass filtering module 15 includes a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, an operational amplifier U4, a resistor R5, and a voltage dividing unit 15 a. In the present embodiment, the operational amplifier U4 is an OPA2330aid type operational amplifier.
One end of the resistor R3 is connected between the resistor R2 and the capacitor C5, so as to receive a sine wave voltage signal; the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of a resistor R4, one end of a capacitor C6 and one end of a capacitor C7 respectively; the other end of the resistor R4, the other end of the capacitor C5 and the other end of the resistor R1 are grounded together; the negative phase input end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C7 and one end of the resistor R5, respectively, and the output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C6 and the other end of the resistor R5, respectively.
The voltage dividing unit 15a includes a resistor R6, a resistor R7, and a capacitor C8. One end of the resistor R6, one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the capacitor C8 are respectively connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4; the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the output end of the reference voltage source U2 so as to receive a second reference voltage Vref2(ii) a The other end of the resistor R7 and the other end of the capacitor C8 are commonly grounded. The reference voltage V ═ V received by the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U4ref2Xr 7/(R7+ R6), in this embodiment, the resistances of the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 are equal, and the reference voltage V is 1/2Vref2thereby causing the operational amplifier U4 to be in accordance with 1/2Vref2performing band-pass filtering on the sine wave voltage signal after the voltage is raised as a reference voltage to obtain a reference sine wave voltage signal ACref。
fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a square wave voltage signal and a reference sine wave voltage signal in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the bandpass center frequency of the bandpass filter module 15 is set to bethe resistances of the resistor R3, the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 are set to be 75k omega, 2.49k omega and 200k omega respectively, and the capacitance of the capacitor C6 is 680pF, so fd is 10.666 kHz. FIG. 3 shows a square wave voltage signal and a reference sine wave voltage signal AC in the present embodimentrefa waveform diagram of (a).
As shown in FIG. 2, the transformer isolator 20 includes a transformer T1, and a non-inverting input terminal of the transformer T1 is connected to an output terminal of an operational amplifier U4 to receive a reference sine wave voltage signal ACref(ii) a The negative phase input end of the transformer T1 is grounded; the positive phase output terminal and the negative phase output terminal of the transformer T1 are correspondingly connected to the positive terminal BAT + and the negative terminal BAT-of the battery pack 200, respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the state-switching switch 30, i.e., K1 shown in fig. 2, is connected in series between the non-inverting output terminal of the transformer T1 and the positive terminal BAT + of the secondary battery pack 200. When the impedance information of the battery pack 200 needs to be measured, the state switch 20 is closed under the control of the microprocessor 60, so that the injected sine wave voltage signal AC output by the voltage transformation isolator 20 is converted into the sine wave voltage signal ACoutThe battery pack 200 is injected.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a voltage sampling conditioning section in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, each of the sampling conditioning parts in the voltage sampling conditioning circuit 40 has the same structure and includes a resistor R8, a resistor R9, an operational amplifier U5, a capacitor C9, a resistor R10, a capacitor C10, a resistor R11, a resistor R12, and a capacitor C11. Fig. 4 shows only a circuit diagram of the voltage sampling conditioning part corresponding to the battery B1. In the present embodiment, the operational amplifier U5 is an OPA2330aid type operational amplifier.
One end of the resistor R8 is connected to the positive terminal BAT + of the corresponding battery 200, the other end of the resistor R8, one end of the capacitor C9, and one end of the resistor R10 are commonly connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U5, and the other end of the capacitor C9 and the other end of the resistor R10 are commonly grounded (i.e., the negative terminal BAT-) of the battery 200 shown in fig. 4; one end of the resistor R9 is connected with the corresponding negative electrode terminal BAT of the storage battery 200, the other end of the resistor R9, one end of the capacitor C10 and one end of the resistor R11 are connected with the negative phase input end of the operational amplifier U5, and the other end of the capacitor C10, the other end of the resistor R11 and one end of the resistor R12 are connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U5; the other end of resistor R12 and one end of capacitor C11 are commonly connected to microprocessor 60, and the other end of capacitor C11 is connected to ground (i.e., the negative terminal BAT-of battery pack 200 shown in FIG. 4).
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a current sampling conditioning circuit in an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the current sampling and conditioning circuit 50 includes a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, an operational amplifier U6, a capacitor C12, a resistor R16, a capacitor C13, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, and a capacitor C14. In the present embodiment, the operational amplifier U6 is an OPA2330aid type operational amplifier.
One end of the resistor R13 and one end of the resistor R14 are commonly connected to the positive terminal BAT + of the battery pack 200, the other end of the resistor R14, one end of the capacitor C12 and one end of the resistor R15 are commonly connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U6, and the other end of the capacitor C12 and the other end of the resistor R16 are commonly grounded (i.e., the negative terminal BAT-) as shown in fig. 5; the other end of the resistor R13 and one end of the resistor R15 are commonly connected with the negative terminal BAT-of the battery pack 200, the other end of the resistor R15, one end of the capacitor C13 and one end of the resistor R17 are commonly connected with the negative phase input end of the operational amplifier U6, and the other end of the capacitor C13, the other end of the resistor R17 and one end of the resistor R18 are commonly connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U6; the other end of resistor R18 and one end of capacitor C14 are commonly connected to the microprocessor, and the other end of capacitor C6 is connected to ground (i.e., the negative terminal BAT-of battery pack 200 shown in FIG. 5).
The microprocessor 60 includes a switch control unit, a storage unit, an analysis unit, a processing unit, a judgment unit, and an alarm unit. In the present embodiment, microprocessor 50 is a STM32F103CBT6 type microprocessor.
The switch control unit is used for controlling the on/off of the state changeover switch 30.
The storage unit is used for storing the battery voltage information of all the storage batteries acquired by the voltage sampling conditioning circuit 40; and is also used for storing the battery current information acquired by the current sampling and conditioning circuit 50.
The analysis unit is used for analyzing the sine wave voltage content V of each storage battery B1, B2, … and Bn under the injected sine wave voltage signal of the preset frequency from each battery voltage information stored in the storage unit1f、V2f、…、VnfAnd sine wave voltage phase angle theta1、θ2、…、θn(ii) a And is also used for analyzing the sine wave current content I of each storage battery B1, B2, … and Bn under the injected sine wave voltage signal of the preset frequency from the battery current information stored in the storage unit1f、I2f、…、InfAnd sine wave current phase angle phi1、Φ2、…、Φn。
The processing unit calculates and obtains the equivalent impedance Z of each storage battery according to the sine wave voltage content, the sine wave voltage phase angle, the sine wave current content and the sine wave current phase angle of each storage battery1＝V1f/I1f,、Z2＝V2f/I2f、…、Zn＝Bnf/InfPure impedance ZR1＝Z1×cos(θ1-Φ1)、ZR2＝Z2×cos(θ2-Φ2)、…、ZRn＝Zn×cos(θn-Φn) And capacitive reactance Zc1＝Z1×sin(θ1-Φ1)、Zc2＝Z2×sin(θ2-Φ2)、…、Zcn＝Zn×sin(θn-Φn)。
The judging unit is used for judging whether the equivalent impedance of each storage battery is larger than a corresponding preset equivalent impedance range or not; the pure impedance of each storage battery is also used for judging whether the pure impedance of each storage battery is larger than a corresponding preset pure impedance range or not; and the capacitive reactance judging module is also used for judging whether the capacitive reactance of each storage battery is larger than the corresponding preset capacitive reactance range.
The alarm unit is used for sending an alarm prompt when the judging unit judges that the equivalent impedance of the storage battery is larger than the corresponding preset equivalent impedance range, or judges that the pure impedance of the storage battery is larger than the corresponding preset pure impedance range, or judges that the capacitive reactance of each storage battery is larger than the corresponding preset capacitive reactance range.
The working process of the battery impedance measuring apparatus 100 in this embodiment is as follows:
When the battery pack 200 is charged by the charge/discharge machine, the microprocessor 60 controls the state switching switch 30 to be turned on, and the sine wave voltage signal generating circuit 10 generates the reference sine wave voltage signal ACrefThe voltage of the voltage transformation isolator 20 is transformed to form an injected sine wave voltage signal ACoutapplied to the positive and negative terminals of the battery pack 200, the voltage acquisition conditioning circuit 40 acquires cell voltage information of each battery in the battery pack 200 and transmits all the cell voltage information to the microprocessor 60; at the same time, the current collection and conditioning circuit 50 collects the cell current information flowing through the battery pack 200 and transmits the cell current information to the microprocessor 60. The microprocessor 60 processes the received cell voltage information and cell current information to obtain the equivalent impedance of each battery and the corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance, thereby implementing online measurement of the impedance information of each battery in the battery pack 200.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the storage battery impedance measuring device related to the embodiment, the storage battery impedance measuring device comprises a sine wave voltage signal generating circuit, a voltage transformation isolator, a voltage sampling conditioning circuit, a current sampling conditioning circuit and a microprocessor, wherein the sine wave voltage signal generating circuit can generate a reference sine wave voltage signal with a preset frequency, the voltage transformation isolator transforms the reference sine wave voltage signal to obtain an injected sine wave voltage signal which is electrically isolated from the reference sine wave voltage signal and is applied to two poles of a storage battery pack, the voltage sampling conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of sampling conditioning parts corresponding to a plurality of storage batteries respectively, each sampling conditioning part can collect the voltage of the corresponding storage battery to obtain battery voltage information containing sine wave voltage content information and corresponding sine wave voltage phase information, and the current sampling conditioning circuit can collect the current flowing through the storage battery pack to obtain the battery voltage information containing sine wave current content information And the microprocessor can process the sine wave voltage content information of all the storage batteries, the corresponding sine wave voltage phase information, the sine wave current content information and the corresponding sine wave current phase information to obtain the equivalent impedance of each storage battery and the corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance, so that the embodiment can perform online measurement on the equivalent impedance of each storage battery in the storage battery pack in a floating state and the corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance, and is convenient for performance analysis of the storage battery pack. Moreover, because the voltage transformation isolator enables the injected sine wave voltage signal to be electrically isolated from the reference sine wave voltage signal, even if the storage battery pack is in a floating charge state, the charging and discharging operation of the charging and discharging machine on the storage battery pack cannot influence the reference sine wave voltage signal, and therefore the accuracy and the reliability of the measuring result are ensured.
In addition, because the first voltage supply module and the second voltage supply module both contain reference voltage sources, the performance of the square wave signal generation module and the performance of the band-pass filtering module are more stable, and the performance stability of the reference sine wave voltage signal is improved.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A battery impedance measuring apparatus for measuring an equivalent impedance and a corresponding pure impedance and capacitive reactance of each of a battery pack which is in a float state and is constituted by a plurality of batteries connected in series, comprising:
The sine wave voltage signal generating circuit is used for generating a reference sine wave voltage signal with a preset frequency;
The voltage transformation isolator transforms the reference sine wave voltage signal to obtain an injected sine wave voltage signal which is electrically isolated from the reference sine wave voltage signal and is applied to two pole ends of the storage battery pack;
the state switch is connected in series between the voltage transformation isolator and the storage battery pack and used for conducting the injected sine wave voltage signal in a measuring state;
The voltage sampling and conditioning circuit comprises a plurality of sampling and conditioning parts which respectively correspond to the plurality of storage batteries, and each sampling and conditioning part is used for collecting the voltage of the corresponding storage battery to obtain battery voltage information containing sine wave voltage content information and corresponding sine wave voltage phase information;
The current sampling conditioning circuit is used for acquiring the current flowing through the storage battery pack to obtain battery current information containing sine wave current content information and corresponding sine wave current phase information; and
And the microprocessor is used for processing the sine wave voltage content information and the corresponding sine wave voltage phase information of all the storage batteries, the sine wave current content information and the corresponding sine wave current phase information to obtain the equivalent impedance of each storage battery, the corresponding pure impedance and the capacitive reactance.
2. The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
Wherein the sine wave voltage signal generating circuit has:
The first voltage supply module and the second voltage supply module are independent of each other and are respectively used for supplying a first reference voltage and a second reference voltage;
The square wave signal generating module is used for generating a square wave voltage signal with the preset frequency according to the first reference voltage;
the signal waveform conversion module is used for converting the square wave voltage signal into a sine wave voltage signal;
And the band-pass filtering module raises the voltage of the sine wave voltage signal based on the second reference voltage, and performs band-pass filtering on the raised voltage sine wave voltage signal to obtain the reference sine wave voltage signal.
3. The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
Wherein the square wave signal generating module comprises a standard clock oscillator and a first resistor, the input end of the standard clock oscillator receives the first reference voltage, the frequency setting end of the standard clock oscillator is connected with one end of the first resistor,
The signal waveform conversion module comprises a second resistor and a first capacitor, one end of the second resistor is connected with the output end of the standard clock oscillator, the other end of the second resistor is connected with one end of the first capacitor,
the band-pass filtering module comprises a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first operational amplifier and a fifth resistor, wherein one end of the third resistor is connected between the second resistor and the first capacitor, and the other end of the third resistor is respectively connected with one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the second capacitor and one end of the third capacitor; a positive phase input end of the first operational amplifier receives the second reference voltage, a negative phase input end of the first operational amplifier is respectively connected with the other end of the third capacitor and one end of the fifth resistor, an output end of the first operational amplifier is respectively connected with the other end of the second capacitor and the other end of the fifth resistor,
The other end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the first resistor are grounded together.
4. The battery impedance measurement apparatus according to claim 3, wherein:
Wherein, the band-pass filtering module also comprises a voltage dividing unit which comprises a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor and a fourth capacitor,
One end of the sixth resistor, one end of the seventh resistor and one end of the fourth capacitor are respectively connected with the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier,
The other end of the sixth resistor receives the second reference voltage,
The other end of the seventh resistor and the other end of the fourth capacitor are grounded together.
5. The battery impedance measurement apparatus according to claim 4, wherein:
And the resistance values of the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor are equal.
6. The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
The first voltage supply module and the second voltage supply module respectively comprise a reference voltage source.
7. the battery impedance measuring apparatus according to claim 2, wherein:
Wherein the positive phase input end of the transformation isolator is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, the negative phase input end of the transformation isolator is grounded,
And the positive phase output end and the negative phase output end of the voltage transformation isolator are respectively and correspondingly connected with the two pole ends of the storage battery pack.
8. the battery impedance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein the second reference voltage is greater than the first reference voltage.
9. The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
wherein each sampling conditioning part comprises an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a second operational amplifier, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor and a fifth capacitor,
one end of the eighth resistor is connected with the positive terminal of the corresponding storage battery, the other end of the eighth resistor and one end of the tenth resistor are connected with the positive input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the tenth resistor is grounded,
One end of the ninth resistor is connected with the corresponding negative end of the storage battery, the other end of the ninth resistor and one end of the eleventh resistor are connected with the negative phase input end of the second operational amplifier, the other end of the eleventh resistor and one end of the twelfth resistor are connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier,
the other end of the twelfth resistor and one end of the fifth capacitor are connected with the microprocessor together, and the other end of the fifth capacitor is grounded.
10. The battery impedance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
Wherein the current sampling conditioning module comprises a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor, a third operational amplifier, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor and a sixth capacitor,
One end of the thirteenth resistor and one end of the fourteenth resistor are connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack, the other end of the fourteenth resistor and one end of the sixteenth resistor are connected to the positive input terminal of the third operational amplifier, the other end of the sixteenth resistor is grounded,
the other end of the thirteen resistor and one end of the fifteenth resistor are connected with the negative end of the storage battery pack together, the other end of the fifteenth resistor and one end of the seventeenth resistor are connected with the negative phase input end of the third operational amplifier together, the other end of the seventeenth resistor and one end of the eighteenth resistor are connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier together,
The other end of the eighteenth resistor and one end of the sixth capacitor are connected with the microprocessor together, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is grounded.
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