CN110058164A - The self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery - Google Patents
The self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110058164A CN110058164A CN201910398506.5A CN201910398506A CN110058164A CN 110058164 A CN110058164 A CN 110058164A CN 201910398506 A CN201910398506 A CN 201910398506A CN 110058164 A CN110058164 A CN 110058164A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of self-powered online internal resistance test devices of battery, including operational amplifier, analog filter, A/D conversion circuit, phase shifter, computing unit, V/I converter, D/A conversion circuit, cosine table and up counter;It is characterized by: up counter, which generates the period ramp signal that stepping is one according to sample clock frequency, is output to cosine table as the address signal of cosine table;It extracts signal all the way in the period ramp signal of up counter output simultaneously and is output to phase shifter, obtain the local oscillation signal that amplitude is identical with frequency, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is as computing unit;Cosine table generates digital sine wave signal by searching for table mode, is output to D/A conversion circuit;D/A conversion circuit carries out digital-to-analogue conversion to the signal received, is output to V/I converter;V/I converter is used to for the sine voltage signal that D/A conversion circuit exports being converted into electric current injection battery battery core;It is widely portable to the on-line testing of all kinds of internal resistances of cell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery testings, and in particular to the self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery.
Background technique
Under normal circumstances, the electricity of accumulators store is more sufficient, and internal resistance is smaller, on the contrary then bigger.In addition, battery is long
Phase will appear the phenomenon that deterioration after, and in the case where battery is charged to identical voltage conditions, the internal resistance of cell value of deterioration is than normal
Internal resistance of cell value is big, and battery capacity declines therewith.Generally use SoH description measure deterioration of battery degree, it be measurement capacity and
The ratio of nominal capacity characterizes the degree of aging of battery.By comparing the internal resistance value of whole group battery, can find out in battery pack
There is the battery deteriorated.When internal resistance value increases by 20% or more than a reference value, accumulator property can decline a grade, so coping with this
Element cell takes correction or replacement measure.
Internal resistance of cell test mode mainly includes two kinds of DC internal resistance mensuration, AC internal resistance test method test methods.Directly
Stream internal resistance measurement method need to be forced very big constant-current dc electric current in a short time through battery, and it is existing that polarization can occur for inside battery
As being not suitable for on-line testing.AC internal resistance test method uses frequency for the alternating current injecting accumulator of 1KHz, is surveyed by monitoring
It measures battery both end voltage and obtains internal resistance of cell value, be suitble to on-line testing.
Internal resistance test device currently on the market have display and control etc. multiple functions, can simultaneously test voltage and resistance,
Measuring accuracy is higher, but volume and power consumption are larger.And the lithium battery of electric car uses multiple groups battery series and parallel structure, needs pair
Each battery modules carry out on-line checking, therefore volume to test macro and power consumption propose extremely harsh requirement, test
Instrument scheme cannot be integrated in the battery pack of electric car, not have mature scheme on current market.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, propose a kind of self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery.
The technical scheme is that a kind of self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery, including operational amplifier, simulation
Filter, A/D conversion circuit, phase shifter, computing unit, V/I converter, D/A conversion circuit, cosine table and plus coujnt
Device;It is characterized by:
Up counter generates the period ramp signal that stepping is one, the address as cosine table according to sample clock frequency
Signal is output to cosine table;Signal all the way, which is extracted, in the period ramp signal of up counter output simultaneously is output to phase shift
Device obtains the local oscillation signal that amplitude is identical with frequency, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is as computing unit.
Cosine table generates digital sine wave signal by searching for table mode, is output to D/A conversion circuit.
D/A conversion circuit carries out digital-to-analogue conversion to the signal received, is output to V/I converter.
V/I converter passes through the positive and negative electrode of capacitance connection battery battery core, the sine wave for exporting D/A conversion circuit
Voltage signal is converted into electric current, injects a constant ac current signal to battery battery core.
Operational amplifier passes through the positive and negative electrode of third, the 4th capacitance connection battery battery core respectively;The operational amplifier is adopted
After the ac voltage signal of collection third capacitor and the 4th capacitor amplifies, it is output to analog filter.
Analog filter is output to A/D conversion circuit after being filtered to the signal received.
A/D conversion circuit carries out analog-to-digital conversion to the signal received, is output to computing unit.
Computing unit is identical with frequency using amplitude, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is as local oscillation signal, to receipts
After the signal arrived carries out multiplication, integral and square operation, then add operation and square root calculation are carried out, obtains internal resistance of cell value.
The output result finally obtained is unrelated with the internal delay of each unit.
A kind of preferred embodiment of the self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery according to the present invention converts electricity in A/D
Digital filter is provided between road and computing unit, the signal that digital filter exports A/D conversion circuit is filtered place
Reason, is output to computing unit.
A kind of preferred embodiment of the self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery according to the present invention, the computing unit
Including binary channels counting circuit, adder and square root circuit;The binary channels counting circuit respectively includes 2 multipliers, 2
Integrator and 2 squaring circuits.
2 multipliers are utilized respectively that amplitude is identical with frequency, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is believed as local oscillator
Number, multiplying is carried out to the signal received, is respectively outputted to corresponding integrator.
Integrator carries out integral operation to the signal received, is respectively outputted to corresponding squaring circuit.
Squaring circuit carries out square operation to the signal received, is output to adder.
Adder carries out add operation to double-channel signal, is output to square root circuit.
After square root circuit carries out square root calculation to the signal received, show that internal resistance of cell value exports.
Computing unit of the present invention uses two multipliers and two orthogonal local oscillation signals, realizes signal and local oscillation signal
Orthogonal operations.Since the circuits such as A/D converter, digital filter, integrator have intrinsic delay, this will affect the essence of test
Degree.This programme uses binary channels multiplier, integrator, phase phase difference 90 ° of two-way sinusoidal undulation number identical with frequency using amplitude
Word oscillator is as multiplier local oscillation signal, then by integral and square root calculation, the output result finally obtained and inside
The delay of each unit is unrelated.
A kind of preferred embodiment of the self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery according to the present invention, the operation amplifier
Device includes first order double operational circuit and second level operational amplifier circuit, and first order double operational circuit includes symmetrically arranged 2 amplifications
Circuit, second level operational amplifier circuit use common mode inhibition structure.
A kind of preferred embodiment of the self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery according to the present invention, V/I converter packet
Include capacitance C11, C12 of amplifier IC11, IC12 and input, output end setting.
A kind of beneficial effect of the self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery of the present invention is: the present invention passes through digitlization
Design reduces volume, reduces power consumption, realizes the distributed real-time detection to each internal resistance of cell of battery pack, can supervise in real time
The internal resistance size and situation of change for controlling battery, assess the aging conditions of battery, replace the battery deteriorated in time, meet electricity
The requirement of pond self-powered, provides the foundation for integrated chip, has great advantages than traditional online internal resistance test device, can be wide
The general test for all kinds of batteries, the especially test of electric car, battery of electric motor car.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of the self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of V/I converter 12.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of operational amplifier 1.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery, including operational amplifier 1, analog filtering
Device 5, A/D conversion circuit 2, computing unit 4, V/I converter 12, D/A conversion circuit 11, cosine table 10 and up counter 9;
Wherein:
Up counter 9 generates the period ramp signal that stepping is one according to the signal frequency of sampling clock 7, as cosine
The address signal of table is output to cosine table 10, while extracting frequency in the period ramp signal that up counter 9 exports and being
The signal all the way of 1KHz is output to phase shifter 6, obtains that amplitude is identical with frequency, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal conduct
The local oscillation signal of computing unit 4.
Cosine table 10 generates digital sine wave signal by searching for table mode, is output to D/A conversion circuit 11.
D/A conversion circuit 11 carries out digital-to-analogue conversion to the signal received, is output to V/I converter 12.
V/I converter 12 passes through the positive and negative electrode of capacitor C1 connection battery battery core, for export D/A conversion circuit 11
Sine voltage signal is converted into electric current, injects a constant ac current signal to battery battery core E.
Operational amplifier 1 passes through third, the positive and negative electrode of the 4th capacitor C3, C4 connection battery battery core E respectively;The operation
After the ac voltage signal that amplifier 1 acquires third capacitor C3 and the 4th capacitor C4 amplifies, it is output to analog filter 5.
Analog filter 5 is output to A/D conversion circuit 2 after being filtered to the signal received.
A/D conversion circuit 2 carries out analog-to-digital conversion to the signal received, is output to computing unit 4.
Computing unit 4 is identical with frequency using amplitude, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is as local oscillation signal, right
After the signal received carries out multiplication, integral and square operation, then add operation and square root calculation are carried out, obtains the internal resistance of cell
Value.The output result that computing unit 4 finally obtains is unrelated with the internal delay of each unit.
In a cosine table built in programmable device FPGA, digital sine wave signal is provided for D/A, digit is 14, is risen
Beginning phase is 0 °.Meanwhile while extraction frequency is orthogonal for the two-way of 1KHz in the period ramp signal that up counter 9 generates
Signal is that computing unit 4 provides local oscillation signal, wherein signal ensure that meter after 90 ° of the progress of phase shifter 6 are shifted to processing all the way
The square wave letter that frequency is identical as input signal, and start-phase is 0 ° and 90 ° is respectively adopted in the two-way local oscillator input terminal for calculating unit 4
Number.
In a particular embodiment, digital filter 3, number filter are provided between A/D conversion circuit 2 and computing unit 4
After wave device 3 carries out digital filtering processing to the signal that A/D conversion circuit 2 exports, then it is output to computing unit 4.
In a particular embodiment, the computing unit 4 includes binary channels counting circuit, adder 47 and square root circuit
48;The binary channels counting circuit respectively includes 2 multipliers, 41,42,2 integrators, 43,44 and 2 squaring circuits 45,46.
2 multipliers 41,42 are utilized respectively that amplitude is identical with frequency, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is as this
Shake signal, carries out multiplying to the signal received, is respectively outputted to corresponding integrator 43,44.
43,44 pairs of signals received of integrator carry out integral operation, are respectively outputted to corresponding squaring circuit 45,46.
45,46 pairs of signals received of squaring circuit carry out square operation, are output to adder 47.
Adder 47 carries out add operation to the signal that squaring circuit 45,46 exports, and is output to square root circuit 48;In order to
Reduce the fluctuation of test result caused by noise, adder can once acquire the data in multiple periods and seek the flat of this period
Mean value.In order to simplify division arithmetic, taking cumulative and average number is 2NSecondary, then it is 2 that accumulated result, which directly removes low N,N
The average value in a period.The value range of N is limited by the total time calculated, if requiring to complete to calculate within 0.2S, it is assumed that
The sample frequency of A/D conversion circuit 2 is k times of signal frequency, and the period of signal is 1mS, and taking average number is 27=128 times,
The calculating time is 0.128S, and sampling period has collected k x 2 in total7128 data of=k x, then the average value of calculated result=
Accumulation result/27=accumulation result moves to right 7.
After square root circuit 48 carries out square root calculation to the signal received, show that internal resistance of cell value exports.
In a particular embodiment, the operational amplifier 1 includes first order double operational circuit and second level operational amplifier circuit, the
Level-one double operational circuit includes symmetrically arranged 2 amplifying circuits, including IC21, IC22, R20~R25, R30, C21~C23;
Second level operational amplifier circuit uses common mode inhibition structure, including IC23, R26~R29.
For Vehicular battery application, the positive and negative terminal voltage of battery pack is up to 24V, when the electrode engaged test instrument of battery, surveys
Examination instrument can bear the high pressure of moment, and battery can generate surge current, therefore 1 input terminal of operational amplifier in the process of running
Provided with limited amplitude protection diode D1, D2.
C21 and C22 is subjected to the high pressure of 24V in circuit, in order to solve the problems, such as that capacitor's capacity changes under condition of high voltage,
The input impedance of amplifier need to be improved.Its sending-end impedance of operational amplifier 1 of the invention is very higher, high-voltage capacitance C21 and C22
Lesser value can be taken, and there is stronger common mode inhibition, solves the problems, such as capacitor bias performance and common-mode noise.R21,
R22, C23 are for filtering out high-frequency noise.
Since accumulator internal resistance is more much smaller than the conductor resistance of connection, in order to avoid conductor resistance most inner walkway precision
It influences, internal resistance test device tests the internal resistance of cell using Kelvin's four-wire method.1KHz is generated by internal V/I converter and exchanges Constant Electric Current
Source signal is flowed, is connected in the two end electrodes of battery by capacitor C1, the both ends that electric current flows through battery generate faint voltage letter
Number, the amplification of operational amplifier 1 and analog filter 5 by high-gain are sent to A/D converter 2 after being filtered and are adopted
Sample.The operational amplifier 1 of high-gain uses three amplifier structure of instrument, and first order double operational provides high input impedance, and second
Grade amplifier provides high common mode inhibition.Amplifier and resistance used in amplifier circuit use full symmetric structure, can reduce
DC maladjustment under amplifier static conditions can also reduce common-mode noise of battery both ends under the conditions of normal operating condition.
V/I converter 12 includes capacitance C11, C12 of amplifier IC11, IC12 and input, output end setting.V/
I converter 12 uses single supply power supply plan, that is, utilizes battery self-powered;The cell voltage that circuit can be born depends on blocking electricity
The pressure-resistant size of appearance.It will not influence using the cell voltage size of this scheme, the signal DC offset voltage of input terminal, output end
The working condition of V/I converter, is easy to integrated chip.
The operation principle of the present invention is that:
The present invention provides address signal by up counter 9 for cosine table, and cosine table 10 generates by searching for table mode
Digital sine wave signal is output to D/A conversion circuit 11;Sine-wave current signal, electric current letter are exported by V/I converter 12 again
Number by accumulator internal resistance generate voltage signal, operational amplifier 1, analog filter 5, A/ of the voltage signal Jing Guo high-gain
D converter 2 and digital filter 3 are handled, meanwhile, the present invention exports two-way phase phase difference using up counter 9 and phase shifter 6
Local oscillation signal of 90 degree of the periodic signal of square wave as two quadrature multipliers, two quadrature multipliers are to local oscillation signal and acquisition
Voltage signal carry out product calculation after, the integral operation in several periods is carried out by integrator, using square operation, finally
It sums to two paths of data, and carries out square root calculation, obtain the internal resistance of cell are as follows:
Wherein, A is the output of square root calculation as a result, K is the scale factor of internal resistance of cell R Yu A linear relationship.Due to defeated
There are gain errors caused by many factors for channel and reception treatment channel out, and internal resistance of cell R and output valve A are linearly closed
System, therefore the size of K value need to can be only measured using the measuring resistance of known resistance value, it is not required to be concerned about the specific gain of every section of circuit
And deviation.
During testing internal resistance, K value need to be calibrated, in order to adapt to from 1m Ω~50m Ω difference resistance value size,
The overall gain G value for adjusting operational amplifier 1, analog filter 5, A/D conversion circuit 2 and digital filter 3 first, guarantees A/D
The signal amplitude of 2 input terminal of conversion circuit is in optimal interval range.
The high-precision fixed resistance of known resistance value R is connected in test macro again, output amplitude A is obtained by test
Then value calculates K value by formula one, complete K value calibration.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not
A variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case where being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective, this
The range of invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of self-powered online internal resistance test device of battery, including operational amplifier (1), analog filter (5), A/D conversion
Circuit (2), computing unit (4), phase shifter (6), V/I converter (12), D/A conversion circuit (11), cosine table (10) and add
Method counter (9);It is characterized by:
Up counter (9) generates the period ramp signal that stepping is one, the address as cosine table according to sample clock frequency
Signal is output to cosine table (10);Signal output all the way is extracted in the period ramp signal of up counter (9) output simultaneously
To phase shifter (6), the local oscillator that amplitude is identical with frequency, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is as computing unit (4) is obtained
Signal;
Cosine table (10) generates digital sine wave signal by searching for table mode, is output to D/A conversion circuit (11);
D/A conversion circuit (11) carries out digital-to-analogue conversion to the signal received, is output to V/I converter (12);
V/I converter (12) passes through the positive and negative electrode of capacitance connection battery battery core, for exporting D/A conversion circuit (11) just
String wave voltage signal is converted into electric current, injects a constant ac current signal to battery battery core;
Operational amplifier (1) passes through third, the positive and negative electrode of the 4th capacitance connection battery battery core respectively;The operational amplifier is adopted
After the ac voltage signal of collection third capacitor and the 4th capacitor amplifies, it is output to analog filter (5);
Analog filter (5) is output to A/D conversion circuit (2) after being filtered to the signal received;
A/D conversion circuit (2) carries out analog-to-digital conversion to the signal received, is output to computing unit (4);
Computing unit (4) is identical with frequency using amplitude, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is as local oscillation signal, to receipts
After the signal arrived carries out multiplication, integral and square operation, then add operation and square root calculation are carried out, obtains internal resistance of cell value.
2. the self-powered online internal resistance test device of a kind of battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: converted in A/D
It is provided between circuit (2) and computing unit (4) digital filter (3), digital filter (3) exports A/D conversion circuit (2)
Signal be filtered, be output to computing unit.
3. the self-powered online internal resistance test device of a kind of battery according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the meter
Calculating unit includes binary channels counting circuit, adder (47) and square root circuit (48);The binary channels counting circuit wraps respectively
Include 2 multipliers (41,42), 2 integrators (43,44) and 2 squaring circuits (45,46);
2 multipliers (41,42) are utilized respectively that amplitude is identical with frequency, 90 ° of phase phase difference of two-way square-wave signal is as local oscillator
Signal carries out multiplying to the signal received, is respectively outputted to corresponding integrator;
Integrator (43,44) carries out integral operation to the signal received, is respectively outputted to corresponding squaring circuit;
Squaring circuit (45,46) carries out square operation to the signal received, is output to adder (47);
Adder (47) carries out add operation to double-channel signal, is output to square root circuit (48);
After square root circuit (48) carries out square root calculation to the signal received, show that internal resistance of cell value exports.
4. the self-powered online internal resistance test device of a kind of battery according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the operation is put
Big device (1) includes first order double operational circuit and second level operational amplifier circuit, and first order double operational circuit includes symmetrically arranged two
A amplifying circuit, second level operational amplifier circuit use common mode inhibition structure.
5. the self-powered online internal resistance test device of a kind of battery according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: V/I converter
(12) include amplifier one, two and input, output end setting capacitance one, two.
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CN110579719A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2019-12-17 | 中研天成(天津)能源科技有限公司 | Storage battery impedance measuring device |
CN111722137A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-29 | 重庆西南集成电路设计有限责任公司 | Micro-resistance test system based on four-wire method and digital anti-interference circuit |
CN112834974A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-25 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | Method for testing a battery sensor, and battery sensor |
CN113310396A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-27 | 西安电子科技大学 | Sine and cosine signal amplitude calculation circuit with double sampling structure |
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