CN1349958A - Ximaxi controlled release special fertilizer and its prepn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a Ximaxi release-controlled special-purpose fertilzier and its preparation method. It is a high-efficiency ecological fertilizer, and is made up by adopting clay minerals of Ximaxi (a medicinal stone produced in Changsha of China) as additive and coating material and organically-combining various single-component chemical fertilizers, general chemical fertilizer, secondary and trace elements and additive together and adopting the processes of mixing, granulating to form sphere and coating with nano clay. Said fertilizer is low in cost, has no public nuisance, contains several secondary and three elements, possesses multifunctional bio-activity, can raise utilization rate of chemical fertilizer and can raise yield and quality of crops.

Description

Ximaxi controlled release special fertilizer and preparation method thereof

The present invention relates to Ximaxi controlled release special fertilizer of a kind of high-tech fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

As everyone knows, there is population more than 1,200,000,000 in China, and 800,000,000 be agricultural population wherein, agricultural problem is China's basic problem all the time, lasting, the steady progression of agricultural directly influences the stable and development and national economy of country, the fifth plenary session of the 15th CPC central committee has been put the top priority to agricultural problem, China will be towards the ecological agriculture, nuisanceless high-quality and efficient agriculture aspect development, the present crop seeding area of China reaches more than 20 hundred million mu, need about 1.4 hundred million tons of chemical fertilizer the whole year, and hundred million tons of annual chemical fertilizers production less thaies of China, main dependence on import replenishes.Yet, though use the output that chemical fertilizer has improved farm crop on a large scale, brought admittedly economic results in society, but its various drawbacks reveal day by day also, at first, a large amount of chemical fertilizer that use cause the hardening soil, soil property is degenerated, and fertility descends, and nitrogenous fertilizer volatilization besides, leaching loss are serious, its result not only makes the atmosphere nitrogen protoxide increase severely, and destroys atmospheric ozone layer and makes global warming and natural disaster aggravation.The agricultural-food nitrate content is exceeded standard, pollute rivers and lakes and underground water, cancer morbidity is increased, be detrimental to health.And the existing controlled release fertilizer in world market mainly is by the interpolation nitrification inhibitor, uses the macromolecule chemical material coating, its valuable product, and the peasant is difficult to bear, and domestic its defective of employing matrix resin coating is difficult for degraded.

Purpose of the present invention is for overcoming above-mentioned weak point, and provide Ximaxi controlled release special fertilizer of a kind of high-tech fertilizer and preparation method thereof, it is according to the nutritive property of Different Crop, with various chemical fertilizer of simple substance and middle trace element, the balling-up of additive mixing granulation, and constitute may command with the nano composite material coating of different clay minerals and discharge the special-purpose fertile of nutrient, its material is easy to get, the source is wide, cost is low, and is nuisanceless, not only helps improving chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, and have the crop yield of putting forward and a quality, the increase crop resistance improves the fertilising benefit, reduces the fertilising consumption and prevents the pollution of the environment, it can effectively realize the sustained release of nutrient, balance fertilizing, fertilizer efficiency period is long, the longlyest reaches 400 days.

This Ximaxi controlled release special fertilizer and preparation method thereof, adopt multiple high-quality clay mineral nano composite material, make the additive and the coated fertilizer of fertilizer, not only can improve the granulation balling-up quality of composite fertilizer and protect the fertilizer slow-release effect, but also has the promotion balance fertilizing, apply fertilizers scientifically, improve crop yield, multiple effect such as quality and resistance, clay mineral such as additive remedies wherein, because of contain multiple in, trace element, can improve root system vigor and leaf photosynthesis speed, prolong crop growth phase root, the function of leaf, and SOD content in the increase crop, strengthen crop resistance and anti-ageing ability, promote crop to nutrient absorbing, make assimilation product transport accumulation to the seed material, chemical fertilizer application effect and utilization ratio have been improved greatly, reduce the volatilization of fertilizer, leaching, loss and soil are fixing to nutrient, improve the fertilising benefit, thereby the amount of application and the fertilising that reduce fertilizer are thrown in, and reduce the nitrate that uses chemical fertilizer to produce and human body is endangered and serious environmental pollution, simultaneously, adopt RHM, BAM clay mineral coat fertilizer, with the paddy rice is example, makes increasing production of rice 13.1-15.4%.Chemical fertilizer utilization ratio improves 32-32.9%, wherein the fertile utilization ratio of N improves 22.7-24.9%, N, P, K reaches 62-64%, and rice grain increases 0.7-0.9gkg and 1.5-1.7gkg respectively than common rice composite fertilizer and chemical fertilizer of simple substance, quality of rice is significantly improved, field test proved in 2000, use the super hybrid rice controlled release special fertilizer, every mu of broken in fact 630kg of late hybrid rice, area, wound Changsha high yield record, this product is to cotton, citrus, vegetables, flowers and other crops is used, has significant effect of increasing production, fruit tree volume increase 20-30%, nuisanceless, and vegetables, the fruit features good taste.

Ximaxi controlled release special fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof is to realize like this, it adopts the Sigma west to make the coated fertilizer of additive, Sigma be Changsha subvolcano rock area a kind of contain multiple in, the natural medicinal stone (claiming the Changsha remedies again) of trace element, to animal, plant has promotion and grows, regulate organism metabolism, the strengthening immunity function, and can effectively absorb bacterium and heavy metal ion, special physics is arranged, chemical property and biological activity, additive as composite fertilizer, add the nano combined film-coating technique of different clay minerals, the not only granulation balling-up of favourable sub-composite fertilizer, but also can play balance fertilizing, apply fertilizers scientifically, improve the utilization ratio and the efficient of chemical fertilizer, its cost is low, nuisanceless, through special processing technology, three kinds of nano clay composite fertilizers have been made, check through national light metal supervision and inspection center, all clays reach 15000 nanometer fineness, this little clay particle granulation coating, the clay coating effect of pulverizing than standard machinery improves greatly, and Ximaxi controlled release fertilizer of this invention and preparation method thereof is as follows:

A, prescription:

Common composite fertilizer: 80-97%, clay mineral 3-20%, Sigma's clay mineral as additive 〉=3%, make coated fertilizer≤12%, according to different soils, Different Crop and Different Crop required nutrient in vegetative period add different clay minerals.The composite fertilizer of (as CMCA, CMCD, CMCC, CMCD, CMCE) preparation, fibrous root is according to the clay difference of parcel, the granular size difference, the membrane wrapping thickness difference, the nutrient release rate difference, the needs of different crop fertilizations are prepared, and apply fertilizers scientifically the purpose that the artificial adjustment fertilizer nutrient discharges thereby reach.

B, technology: filter out the lapping that the low high-quality clay mineral of some costs is made compound fertilizer, according to amendment, the difference of coated fertilizer requires respectively mineral to be worked into the 80-120 order and more than 300 orders, amendment accounts for the 5-10% of fertilizer total amount, coating material consumption is about 3%, when making the special-purpose fertilizer of middle concentration with the high-concentration fertilizer raw material, amendment and coating material consumption are higher than 10-3% respectively, preferably select for use suitable chemical fertilizer raw material and clay to do coated fertilizer according to the requirement of fertilising and the prescription of different fertilizer, fertilizer size of particles 2-3mm is advisable, technology through special processing clay mineral, it is composite coated to develop three kinds of nano clays, clay reaches 15000 nanometer fineness, with the bentonite is example, the clay that is crushed to 500 nanometers accounts for 17.4%, the clay of 4000 nanometers accounts for 58.2%, 8000 nano clays account for 82.4%, with the clay coating efficient height of so little clay particle selection material package film than the standard machinery pulverizing.Adopt the disk comminution granulation at present, quality surpasses national GB-150673-94 standard, and fertilizer additive and coating agent should be processed into respectively.Its technological process of production is as follows: and fertilizer material (containing CMS etc.) → pulverizing weighs → and raw material mixes → selects materials screening → coating drying → sort merge → metering packing → finished product warehouse-in.

Ximaxi controlled release special fertilizer of the present invention and preparation method thereof, it has following a few advantage: 1. fertilizer add material " soil " cost low, nuisanceless, contain multiple in, trace element, have multifunctional bio-active, help realizing balance fertilizing and apply fertilizers scientifically the raising chemical fertilizer utilization ratio; 2. the production technique of fertilizer is new, adopts different clay minerals to make coated fertilizer, and different coating methods is developed and is applicable to Different Crop, and the different soils special-purpose control-release fertilizer is with strong points, and practicality is good; 3. fertilizer is high in technological content.Coated fertilizer adopts nanotechnology, and the nutrient controlled capability of fertilizer is good, can help mutually according to Different Crop nutritional need emergency various nutrients are provided, and helps improving the yield and quality of crop, and reduces and the pollution that controls environment, and is a kind of Nuisanceless high-efficient ecological fertilizer.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of Ximaxi controlled release special fertilizer and preparation method thereof: it is characterized in that nutritive property according to Different Crop, with various chemical fertilizer of simple substance, common composite fertilizer and in, the balling-up of trace mineral supplement mixing granulation, and the may command made from the nano composite material coating of different clay minerals discharges the special-purpose fertile of nutrient, make additive and coated fertilizer with Sigma's (claiming the Changsha remedies) clay mineral, its method for formulating is as follows:

A, prescription: common composite fertilizer 80-97%: clay mineral 3-20%

Clay mineral is made coated fertilizer≤12% as additive 〉=3%

B, technology: filter out the lapping that the low high-quality clay mineral of some costs is made compound fertilizer, according to amendment, the difference of coated fertilizer requires respectively mineral to be worked into the 80-120 order and more than 300 orders, amendment accounts for the 5-10% of fertilizer total amount, the coating consumption is 3%, preferably according to the requirement and different fertilizer formulas of applying fertilizer, select for use suitable chemical fertilizer raw material and clay to do coated fertilizer, fertilizer size of particles is 2-3mm, clay mineral coating through special processing is to adopt three kinds of nano clay composite membranes, the clay fineness is 500 nanometers, with the wilkinite is example, the clay of powder essence to 500 nanometer accounts for 17.4%, clay point 58.2%, 8000 nano clay of 4000 nanometers accounts for 82.4%; Fertilizer additive and coating agent should be made respectively, and its technical process is as follows:

Fertilizer material (containing CMS etc.) → pulverizing is weighed → raw material mixing → granulation screening → coating drying → sort merge → metering packing → finished product warehouse-in.