CN1342176A - 异单烯烃与乙烯基芳族单体的硅烷接枝共聚物 - Google Patents
异单烯烃与乙烯基芳族单体的硅烷接枝共聚物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1342176A CN1342176A CN00804495A CN00804495A CN1342176A CN 1342176 A CN1342176 A CN 1342176A CN 00804495 A CN00804495 A CN 00804495A CN 00804495 A CN00804495 A CN 00804495A CN 1342176 A CN1342176 A CN 1342176A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- multipolymer
- silylanizing
- olefin copolymer
- silane
- molecular weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 15
- -1 alkyl styrene Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 13
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 22
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobutane Chemical group CCCCCl VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010009866 Cold sweat Diseases 0.000 description 2
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 238000010538 cationic polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011968 lewis acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000269 nucleophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)Cl NBRKLOOSMBRFMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6-pentaoxepane-5,7-dione Chemical compound O=C1OOOOC(=O)O1 BEQKKZICTDFVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNCCSLSNJKSGHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-methylbenzene hexane Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1.CCCCCC ZNCCSLSNJKSGHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBAUPCNQUQGXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-methylbenzene;2-methylprop-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)=C.CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JBAUPCNQUQGXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010048295 2-isopropylmalate synthase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbut-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DXIJHCSGLOHNES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006043 5-hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PXJZCBUXFVZSLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N CO[SiH2]OC.C=CC Chemical compound CO[SiH2]OC.C=CC PXJZCBUXFVZSLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical group O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- IDASTKMEQGPVRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopenta-1,3-diene;zirconium(2+) Chemical compound [Zr+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 IDASTKMEQGPVRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L diacetyloxytin Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Sn]OC(C)=O PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SXOCZLWARDHWFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxathiirane 3,3-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OO1 SXOCZLWARDHWFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical class CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005555 halobutyl Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012001 immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Pb+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUHDUIDUEUEQND-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylium Chemical compound [CH3+] JUHDUIDUEUEQND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RGEFTXCPWAQQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-3-silylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)CCC[SiH3] RGEFTXCPWAQQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012434 nucleophilic reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003053 piperidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilicon Chemical group CO[Si](OC)OC PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical class [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having four or more carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
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Abstract
通过使烯烃共聚物与烯属不饱和的可水解的硅烷在自由基产生剂的存在下接触来制备基于烯烃共聚物的可固化的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中烯烃共聚物包含至少一种C4-C7异单烯烃和一种乙烯基芳族单体(烷基苯乙烯)。所述甲硅烷基化共聚物可通过与水(湿气)和硅烷醇缩聚催化剂接触而被固化,并特别在密封剂、填缝剂、粘合剂和涂料配料中用作聚合物组分。
Description
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及可固化的硅烷接枝的异单烯烃/乙烯基芳族共聚物,特别用于密封剂、填缝剂、粘合剂以及涂料组合物。
相关技术的描述
含有至少一种α-单烯烃和苯乙烯或对烷基苯乙烯的可固化的共聚物是现有技术公知的。例如,美国专利5,162,445公开了含有C4-C7异单烯烃如异丁烯和对烷基苯乙烯如对甲基苯乙烯的可固化的无规共聚物,通过单体混合物在路易斯酸催化剂存在下进行阳离子聚合来制备,然后使所得共聚物卤化例如溴化以将苄基卤素引入聚合物分子中。所得的卤化共聚物能通过各种方法进行固化,包括通过常用于固化卤化丁基橡胶的氧化锌或助催化的氧化锌固化体系。这些卤化共聚物还可进一步通过与能替代苄基卤素的亲核试剂进行反应而被官能化,以提供含有酯、羟基、羧基、腈、季铵、巯基和其它官能团的共聚物,如上述美国专利5,162,445所述。
通过用金属茂催化剂使C2-C12单烯烃如乙烯或丙烯与对烷基苯乙烯如对甲基苯乙烯进行共聚而制得的类似共聚物及其官能化的衍生物公开于美国专利5,543,484。
上述共聚物在固化后具有许多突出的性能,例如具有改进的耐油性、抗氧和臭氧降解性、对空气、水蒸气和许多有机溶剂的优异不渗透性以及抗老化和耐日光性。这些性能使这些材料、特别是可固化的弹性共聚物理想地用于诸如密封剂、填缝剂和涂料的用途,其中烯烃组分含有至少50摩尔%的C4-C7异单烯烃,例如异丁烯。但是,在许多这些用途中,特别是在户外用途中,这种材料必须以柔韧的形式使用且必须在环境条件下能就地固化,且不需要施加过量的热。
在现有技术中公知的是,可通过聚烯烃与能产生自由基的化合物和不饱和的可水解的硅烷反应而使无定形聚烯烃如乙烯与丙烯的共聚物能交联,如美国专利3,646,155所述。但是,这种物质通常具有较高的玻璃化转变温度且在环境温度下的韧性不足以作为密封剂或填缝剂组合物中的聚合物组分。
以前对聚异丁烯类聚合物使用这种改性技术的尝试没有成功,因为聚异丁烯类聚合物倾向于在自由基引发剂存在下降解。致力于克服该问题的尝试公开于美国专利4,245,060,其中描述了硅烷官能化的异丁烯、烷基苯乙烯与第三单体的三元共聚物,其中第三单体是不饱和环二烯,例如环戊二烯。在美国专利4,524,187中,异丁烯与含两个共轭双键的三烯的共聚物被甲硅烷基化,得到可交联的组合物。在这些情况下,聚合物改性通过将甲硅烷基加成到聚合物分子中残存的双键上而实现;但是,聚合物中残余不饱和度的存在严重损害了聚异丁烯聚合物的良好的化学和热稳定性。
用于将硅烷官能度引入异丁烯与烷基苯乙烯的二元共聚物中的其它方法公开于美国专利5,426,167,其中建议溴化异丁烯/对甲基苯乙烯共聚物与N,N-二甲基-3-氨基丙基硅烷反应。该反应是叔胺亲核置换溴离子,所以是包括卤化和亲核置换反应的两步官能化方法。
发明概述
本发明提供一种甲硅烷基化共聚物,它是以下组分的反应产物,即:a)含至少50摩尔%的至少一种C4-C7异单烯烃的烯烃共聚物;b)通式为RR’SiY2的硅烷,其中R代表单价烯属不饱和烃或烃氧基,每个Y代表可水解的有机基团,R’代表烷基或芳基或Y基团;和c)自由基产生剂。
本发明还提供一种制备甲硅烷基化共聚物的方法,包括使以下组分接触的步骤:a)含至少50摩尔%的至少一种C4-C7异单烯烃与至少一种乙烯基芳族单体的烯烃共聚物;b)通式为RR’SiY2的硅烷,其中R代表单价烯属不饱和烃或烃氧基,每个Y代表可水解的有机基团,R’代表烷基或芳基或Y基团;所述接触在自由基产生剂的存在下于反应条件下在反应区内进行。
本发明的甲硅烷基化共聚物可通过与水(湿气)和硅烷醇缩聚催化剂接触来固化,并特别在密封剂、填缝剂、粘合剂和涂料配料中用作聚合物组分。
发明详述
本发明的甲硅烷基化共聚物的特征是烯烃共聚物基的加成产物,该烯烃共聚物基是通过使共聚物与自由基产生剂和烯属不饱和的可水解的硅烷进行接触而生成的,其中将硅烷加成到聚合物主链上,得到硅烷接枝或硅烷改性的共聚物产物。
根据本发明适用于改性的烯烃共聚物包括含至少50摩尔%至少一种C4-C7异单烯烃和约0.1-50摩尔%至少一种乙烯基芳族单体的烯烃共聚物。优选的乙烯基芳族单体是单乙烯基芳族化合物,例如苯乙烯,α-甲基苯乙烯,烷基取代的苯乙烯如叔丁基苯乙烯和对烷基取代的苯乙烯,其中烷基含有1-4个碳原子,更优选对甲基苯乙烯。合适的异单烯烃单体包括异丁烯等。优选,该共聚物的100%异单烯烃含量包括异丁烯。
优选的烯烃共聚物包括含有异丁烯和对甲基苯乙烯的弹性共聚物,并含约0.1-20摩尔%的对甲基苯乙烯。这些共聚物(下文中称为IPMS)具有基本上均匀的组成分布,使得至少95重量%的聚合物的对甲基苯乙烯含量与该聚合物的平均对甲基苯乙烯含量相差10%以内。其特征还具有窄分子量分布(Mw/Mn)小于约5,更优选小于约3.5,玻璃化转变温度(Tg)低于约50℃,数均分子量(Mn)在约2000至1,000,000的范围内,甚至更优选10,000至50,000。
这些共聚物可通过用路易斯酸催化剂使单体混合物进行传统的阳离子聚合反应来制备,更具体地公开于美国专利5,162,445,将其公开内容引入本文作为参考。
用于本发明的另一类烯烃共聚物是金属茂催化的共聚物,其含有至少一种C4-C7异单烯烃和烷基苯乙烯,特别是C1-C4对烷基苯乙烯,最优选对甲基苯乙烯,如美国专利5,543,484所公开,将其公开内容引入本文作为参考。这些共聚物通过在金属茂催化剂例如二茂锆或二茂钛配位化合物与单或双环戊二烯基衍生物以及活化助催化剂如布朗斯台德酸盐的存在下使单体混合物进行溶液聚合而制得。更优选的这种共聚物是弹性共聚物,其中异单烯烃含量包括至少60摩尔%的异丁烯。优选的共聚物具有与上述IPMS材料相似的组成、单体含量、Tg和Mn。
用于本发明的烯烃共聚物应该不含任何明显的残余乙烯基不饱和度,如二烯、三烯或二乙烯基不饱和度,因为这种不饱和度的存在使这些材料更易于例如被氧气、臭氧和/或日光所化学降解。因此,共聚物基本上由单烯烃和乙烯基芳族单体组成。同样,术语“烷基苯乙烯”或“甲基苯乙烯”不包括含苄基官能度的官能化苯乙烯,如卤素、羧基、羟基等如上述美国专利5,162,445和5,543,484所公开的官能团,尽管这种官能团的存在不是必需的,并对本发明目的来说是多余的。
与烯烃共聚物主链反应的合适的不饱和有机硅烷由通式RR’SiY2表示,其中R代表能与聚合物主链上产生的自由基点反应的单价烯属不饱和烃或烃氧基,Y代表可水解的有机基团,R’代表烷基或芳基或Y基团。当R是烃氧基时,它应该是不可水解的。在优选的实施方案中,R可以是乙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、4-戊烯基、5-己烯基、环己烯基或环戊二烯基,其中乙烯基是最优选的基团。基团Y可以是C1-C4烷氧基如甲氧基、乙氧基或丁氧基中的一种或混合物;Y还可以选自酰氧基,例如甲酰氧基、乙酰氧基或丙酰氧基;肟基(oximo),例如-ON=C(CH3)2、-ON=C(CH3)(C2H5)和-ON=C(C6H5)2;或取代的氨基,例如烷基氨基或芳基氨基,包括-NHCH3、-NHC2H5、和-NHC6H5基团。基团R’代表烷基、芳基或Y基团。基团R’的例子可以是甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、苯基、烷基苯基或Y基团。优选,R’是甲基或烷氧基。最优选的硅烷是其中R’和Y选自甲基和烷氧基的那些,例如乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和甲基乙烯基二甲氧基硅烷。
烯烃共聚物主链的改性通过使共聚物和不饱和有机硅烷在合适的反应区内和在反应条件下在自由基产生剂的存在下接触来进行,其中自由基产生剂可以是化学化合物或辐射。
合适的自由基引发剂包括能产生自由基的可热分解的化合物,例如有机过氧化物;通过非热方法例如光化学或氧化还原方法产生自由基的化合物;具有固有自由基特征的化合物例如分子氧;或电磁辐射,例如X-射线、电子束、可见光或紫外光。
合适的有机过氧化物包括氢过氧化物、过氧化二烷基、过氧化二酰基、过氧化酯、过氧化二碳酸酯、过氧基缩酮、酮过氧化物和有机磺酰基过氧化物。
优选,自由基引发剂是在反应温度下具有小于反应所用停留时间的1/10的半衰期的有机过氧化物。
当自由基引发剂是一种化合物时,自由基引发剂化合物对硅烷的合适摩尔比可为从0.001∶1至1∶1,优选从约0.01∶1至约0.1∶1。
适宜的是,以毫摩尔/克表示,接触区内的硅烷的摩尔量可以是最终接枝共聚物中这些组分的所需摩尔量的1-10倍。因此,当接枝共聚物中硅烷的摩尔量是0.05毫摩尔/克产物聚合物时,引入反应区的硅烷量适宜地是约0.05-0.5毫摩尔/克在反应混合物中存在的聚合物和硅烷总量。
接枝反应可在不存在或存在稀释剂的情况下进行。当反应区内存在稀释剂时,合适的稀释剂包括饱和的脂族烃、芳烃和全卤化烃。
用于制备本发明接枝聚合物的接枝反应还可以在不存在稀释剂和在本体相中进行,其中共聚物处于熔融态。选择反应温度以适合所用的引发剂。
合适的反应条件包括约0-300℃的温度。反应温度可根据所用的自由基引发剂而变化。当有机过氧化物用作引发剂时,合适的温度范围为约25-250℃。较高的温度可用于其它类型的自由基引发剂。当该反应在稀释剂存在下进行时,即溶液方法,反应温度将通常低于150℃。对于熔融相方法(即,本体相方法),反应温度可从如在传统电子束辐射设备中约的25℃至在聚合物混合设备中的约250℃。制备本发明接枝共聚物的方法可以作为间歇方法或作为连续方法来进行。
该反应在合适的反应区内进行,反应区可以是聚合物混合设备,例如班伯里混合器、用于熔融聚合物的单螺杆或多螺杆挤出机等,或当该方法在稀释剂存在下进行时是玻璃烧瓶、金属罐或管。
此外,希望降低本发明的甲硅烷基化共聚物的分子量。这可通过几种方法来完成,包括高剪切混合和挤出。优选使用挤出机。更优选,使用双螺杆挤出机。
聚合物的挤出机降解可在该方法中几个不同的步骤进行。烯烃共聚物/主链的分子量降低可在接枝之前进行。同样,甲硅烷基化共聚物的分子量降低可在接枝反应之后进行。最后,分子量降低可在接枝反应期间进行。优选,挤出机内反应区的温度在约150-300℃范围内。用于本发明的挤出机降解方法公开于美国专利5,651,927中,将其引入本文作为参考。
在挤出机降解之后,烯烃共聚物/主链和/或甲硅烷基化共聚物的分子量优选在约5000至约100,000Mn范围内。更优选,分子量在约10,000至约50,000Mn范围内。
当熔融共聚物本身是反应介质时,接枝剂和引发剂的均匀分散体优选通过预分散进行或通过将合适的混合装置引入反应器内(例如在挤出机内引入混合螺杆部分)来进行。当使用电磁辐射时,自由基产生剂的分散包括将所有烯烃共聚物或共聚物溶液暴露于辐射束下。
优选进行接枝反应,使得所得的甲硅烷基化共聚物含有平均约0.5-15摩尔、更优选约1-5摩尔可水解的甲硅烷基/每个分子链,如1H NMR所检测。
如上所示,最惊奇的是,烯烃共聚物、特别是异丁烯类共聚物可根据已公开的自由基机理来接枝,且没有显著降解聚合物主链。据信,该方法导致选择性的甲硅烷基化作用主要在沿聚合物链无规分散的共聚乙烯基芳族单体周围的苄基氢位置。
本发明的甲硅烷基化共聚物可以通过与水(湿气)接触或与其混合来固化,优选在硅烷醇缩聚催化剂存在下进行。合适的催化剂包括;金属羧酸盐,如二月桂酸二丁基锡、辛酸亚锡、乙酸亚锡、环烷酸铅和辛酸锌;有机金属化合物如钛酯和螯合物如钛酸四丁酯;有机碱,如乙胺、己胺和哌啶;以及酸,如无机酸和脂肪酸。优选的催化剂是有机锡化合物,如二月桂酸二丁基锡和辛酸亚锡。催化剂的用量通常为约0.1-10重量份每100重量份甲硅烷基化共聚物。
本发明的甲硅烷基化共聚物理想地适用于密封剂、粘合剂、填缝和涂料组合物。这种组合物还可含有其它常用的添加剂,如填料、增塑剂、增量油、着色剂、抗氧化剂、其它聚合物和本领域公知的类似添加剂。该组合物可以单一无水包装或两种包装体系来包装,其中一种含有基于甲硅烷基化共聚物的无水组合物,第二种包装含有一种包含催化剂和水的组合物,其中将包装物在施用之前混合,且所得组物在施用之后就地固化。
以下实施例用于说明本发明。
异丁烯/对甲基苯乙烯共聚物的合成
实施例A:
异丁烯/对甲基苯乙烯(PMS)共聚物通过以下通用步骤制备:
配有用于单体和催化剂/助催化剂的注射口、机械搅拌、溢流线和冷却系统的连续式1加仑反应器用于合成异丁烯/PMS共聚物。用于制备具有5000-25000Mn、5-10摩尔%PMS的异丁烯/PMS共聚物的平均反应器操作条件如下:单体进料混合物~54重量%异丁烯,14重量%PMS,32重量%己烷对甲基苯乙烯/异丁烯之比~20/80单体进料流速~66克/分钟在进入反应器的总进料中单体的浓度~45重量%(在己烷中)EADC催化剂进料浓度~0.35重量%(在己烷中)EADC催化剂进料流速~18克/分钟异丁烯/EADC的重量比~575叔丁基氯助催化剂进料浓度~600ppm叔丁基氯助催化剂进料流速~15克/分钟异丁烯/叔丁基氯的重量比~6500反应器温度=40℃至-10℃单体转化率~85-95%
通过标准中试厂工艺控制计算机系统对聚合过程密切监控和控制。定期从反应器取出小样品,以监控聚合物分子量和转化率。必要时,根据实际时间的聚合物MW和转化率数据来调节流速和反应器温度。在操作期间,反应混合物连续流入含有甲醇/碱性混合物作为终止剂并带搅拌的容器中。将顶层终止的聚合物溶液定期排入样品鼓中,然后洗涤和汽提。然后组合聚合物溶液样品,充分混合并用水在50加仑间歇反应器中洗涤直至呈中性。然后在旋转蒸发器或在薄膜蒸发器中汽提出在经洗涤的聚合物溶液中的己烷。然后用GPC和NMR表征经干燥的聚合物样品。
在通用反应条件下制备三种低分子量的异丁烯/对甲基苯乙烯共聚物,各聚合操作的复合聚合物样品的表征结果如表1所示。
表1
I | II | III | |
转化率% | ~88% | ~90% | ~95% |
摩尔%PMS | 6.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
Mn | 14K | 9K | 20K |
Mw | 35K | 25K | 46K |
Mw/Mn | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.3 |
经过挤出机降解的LM异丁烯-PMS共聚物
实施例B:
尽管异丁烯/对甲基苯乙烯共聚物的抗分子量降低性比聚异丁烯更强,但低分子量(LM)异丁烯-对甲基苯乙烯(PMS)共聚物可另外从高分子量聚合物经由挤出机降解方法用有机过氧化物作为催化剂来制备。在本实施例中,将含有5重量%PMS的高分子量(Mn~174K,Mw/Mn~2.2)异丁烯/PMS共聚物在Rietz切碎机中切成小块,并以约1吨/4时的速率加入150-160℃的干燥挤出机中,将挤出物直接加入4.5”Welding工程反旋转无间隔双螺杆反应挤出机中。反应挤出机的速度是80-150rpm,聚合物加料区的温度是约180℃。将过氧化二叔丁基(50重量%Luperox 101在Marcol 52矿物油中)以等于基于聚合物加料速率的0.75-1.3重量%过氧化物的速率注射入处于反应区上游的反应挤出机。反应区温度保持在约220-250℃。对处于反应区下游的通气区施加轻微真空,以除去挥发性过氧化物分解副产物。将所得聚合物(Mn~71K,MWD~2.5)在排入样品鼓进行随后的接枝实验之前冷却至180℃。
异丁烯/苯乙烯共聚物的合成
实施例C:
在典型的碳阳离子聚合条件下在60/40己烷/甲基氯混合溶剂中在配备有冷却浴和搅拌器的氮气室(干燥箱)内制备异丁烯/苯乙烯共聚物。在该共聚实验中,将24克异丁烯、4.5克苯乙烯(Aldrich,99%,在使用之前除去阻聚剂)、99.7克己烷(Fisher,99.9%,在使用之前用金属钠和二苯酮干燥)和68.67克甲基氯(Air Products,97%,用氯化钙干燥)置于500毫升反应烧瓶中,然后在冷却浴中冷却至-39℃。
催化剂溶液通过在100克二氯甲烷(Aldrich,99.8%,无水)中混合116毫克二氯化乙基铝(EADC)和84毫克叔丁基氯,然后在使用之前在冷却浴中冷却至-39℃来制备。
在单体溶液和催化剂溶液均达到目标聚合温度(-39℃)之后,在剧烈搅拌下逐步将5毫升等份催化剂溶液加入反应混合物中。控制催化剂溶液的添加速率以使聚合混合物的温度不高于10℃。在加入50毫升催化剂溶液后,用纯甲醇终止该反应。所得的聚合物经洗涤、沉淀并干燥,以进行表征。结果如下所示:
转化率% | 44% |
摩尔%苯乙烯在聚合物中 | 12.4% |
Mn | 30900 |
Mw | 80100 |
Mw/Mn | 2.6 |
接枝反应对比例:
该实施例说明聚异丁烯均聚物可以降解,但不能成功地根据本发明方法进行接枝。
将Exxon公司的聚异丁烯聚合物样品(VISTANEXTM LM-MS-LC,Mn=18000;Mw/Mn=3.24-100gm)置于配备有水冷凝器、氮气入口和机械搅拌器的树脂釜中。将该聚合物加热至70℃。将CH2=CHSi(OCH3)3(10克)和0.6克VAROX-130(2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧基)己炔-3(90%),购自Vanderbilt公司)加入釜中。用无水氮气吹扫该釜。将内容物于200℃加热1-2小时。将内容物冷却至100℃并加入Varox-130(0.5克)。将内容物于200℃再加热1小时。于90℃在真空下2小时,除去挥发物和过量试剂。GPC数据(Mn=3450;Mw/Mn=3.08)显示聚合物已发生严重降解。29Si NMR显示没有发生接枝。
将乙烯基硅烷接枝到在溶液中的IB/PMS共聚物上
实施例1:
将根据实施例A合成的异丁烯与PMS的共聚物(Mn=14900,10摩尔%PMS,25克)溶解于10毫升二甲苯中。将该溶液置于配备有冷凝器、温度计、机械搅拌器和氮气入口的树脂釜中。将H2C=CHSi(OCH3)3(5克)和过氧化叔丁基(0.1克)加入烧瓶中。搅拌内容物并于120℃加热38小时。于90℃在真空下16小时,除去挥发物和过量试剂。得到黄色聚合物。用1H和29Si NMR和GPC分析该聚合物(Mn=16100;Mw/Mn=2.27)。1H NMR显示所得的聚合物平均每个链含有2.9单位三甲氧基甲硅烷基。将所得聚合物(5克)与0.15克辛酸亚锡和0.05克水混合,然后于室温静置6小时。该混合物固化成有用的弹性材料。
实施例2:
将实施例A的聚异丁烯/PMS共聚物#I(200克)置于配备有旋转桨叶的Hakke Rheocord混合器中。施加剪切使聚合物软化。桨叶以200RPM旋转。通过注射器将CH2=CHSi(OCH3)3(30克)和过氧化二枯基(8克)的混合物缓慢加入聚合物中。将内容物于90-100℃混合30分钟并于185℃再加热30分钟。于80℃在真空下16小时,除去挥发物和过量试剂。得到浅黄色聚合物。GPC(Mn=13300;Mw/Mn=15.75)。1H NMR显示2.5摩尔%的硅烷单体基团接枝到聚合物上。
实施例3:
将实施例A的聚异丁烯/PMS共聚物II(1000克)置于配备有纵向桨叶和Ultra Turrax分散轴的IKA LR 2000 P(IKA Works,德国)混合器中。将聚合物加热至180℃。桨叶以60 RPM旋转,分散轴以8000RPM运转。通过不锈钢管在正氮气压下将CH2=CHSi(CH3)(OCH3)2(100克)和过氧化二枯基(30克)的混合物加入聚合物中。将内容物于180℃混合30分钟。于80℃在真空下16小时,除去挥发物和过量试剂。得到浅黄色聚合物。GPC(Mn=9900;Mw/Mn=4.5)。1H NMR显示2摩尔%的硅烷单体基团接枝到聚合物上。
密封剂配方和检测:
将如上得到的聚合物用于密封剂配方中。在搅打混合器中制备CaCO3和二氧化硅填充的配方(聚合物31.3%,KP-32(石蜡油,Apollo美国公司)31.3%,甲基三甲氧基硅烷0.9%,Winofil SPM(碳酸钙,Zeneca Resins)31.3%,HDK 2000(Me3Si处理的二氧化硅,WackerChemie)3.1%,二丁基锡二(2,4-戊二酮盐)1.9%)。不发粘时间为74分钟。1周后的物理性能是,伸长率为121%,拉伸强度为82psi,肖氏A硬度为20。在固化后达到66%的凝胶含量。
实施例4:
将实施例A的聚异丁烯/PMS共聚物III(10千克)泵入双螺杆挤出机中。加热使聚合物软化。用泵将CH2=CHSi(CH3)(OCH3)2(1千克)和过氧化二枯基(300克)的混合物缓慢加入聚合物中以保持聚合物/硅烷/过氧化物的比率为100∶10∶3。将内容物在挤出机中于180-185℃在约2分钟停留时间内混合。于120℃在真空下除去挥发物和过量试剂。Mn=23500;MWD=3.56。1H NMR显示1.3摩尔%的硅烷单体基团接枝到聚合物上。在固化后达到70%的凝胶含量。将所得聚合物(10.77克)与2.03克KP-100(石蜡油,Apollo美国公司)和0.4克辛酸亚锡混合,使其于室温静置24小时。该混合物固化成有用的弹性材料。
实施例5:
将实施例B的聚异丁烯/PMS共聚物(10千克)泵入双螺杆挤出机中。加热使聚合物软化。用泵将CH2=CHSi(CH3)(OCH3)2(1千克)和过氧化二枯基(300克)的混合物缓慢加入聚合物中以保持其比率为100∶10∶3。将内容物于180-185℃通过约2分钟。于120℃在真空下除去挥发物和过量试剂。将10克所得聚合物(Mn=32100;MWD=2.95)与2克KP-100(石蜡油,Apollo美国公司)和0.35克辛酸亚锡混合,使其于室温静置24小时。该混合物固化成有用的弹性材料。
密封剂配方和检测:
将如上得到的聚合物用于密封剂配方中。在搅打混合器中制备CaCO3填充的配方(聚合物27.7%,KP-32(石蜡油,Apollo美国公司)27.7%,甲基三甲氧基硅烷0.6%,Winofil SPM(碳酸钙,Zeneca Resins)41.6%,二丁基锡二(2,4-戊二酮盐)0.8%)。不发粘时间为155分钟。固化产品(1周后)显示伸长率为375%,拉伸强度为121psi,肖氏A硬度为15。在固化后达到80%的凝胶含量。
乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷接枝到IB/苯乙烯其聚物上
实施例6:
将实施例C的聚异丁烯-苯乙烯共聚物(22克)置于配备有旋转桨叶的Hakke Rheocord混合器中。施加剪切使聚合物软化。桨叶以200RPM旋转。通过注射器将CH2=CHSi(CH3)(OCH3)2(3.3克)和过氧化二枯基(0.66克)的混合物缓慢加入共聚物中。将内容物于80℃混合5分钟并于180℃再加热10分钟。于80℃在真空下16小时,除去挥发物和过量试剂。得到白色聚合物。
1H NMR显示所得的共聚物平均每个链含有2.7单位的硅烷单体基团。将所得的接枝共聚物(10克)与2克KP-100和0.35克辛酸亚锡混合,使其于室温静置24小时。该混合物固化成有用的弹性材料。
Claims (26)
1.一种甲硅烷基化共聚物,它是以下组分的反应产物:
a)含至少50摩尔%的至少一种C4-C7异单烯烃和至少一种乙烯
基芳族单体的烯烃共聚物;
b)通式为RR’SiY2的硅烷,其中R代表单价烯属不饱和烃或烃
氧基,每个Y代表可水解的有机基团,R’代表烷基、芳基或Y
基团;和
c)自由基产生剂。
2.根据权利要求1的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述烯烃共聚物含有至少60摩尔%的至少一种C4-C7异单烯烃。
3.根据权利要求1的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述乙烯基芳族单体是烷基苯乙烯。
4.根据权利要求3的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述烷基苯乙烯包括对甲基苯乙烯。
5.根据权利要求3的甲硅烷基化共聚物,含有至少80摩尔%的异丁烯和约0.1-20摩尔%的对烷基苯乙烯。
6.根据权利要求1的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述硅烷是乙烯基三烷氧基硅烷或甲基乙烯基二烷氧基硅烷,其中烷氧基含有1-4个碳原子。
7.根据权利要求1的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述自由基产生剂是有机过氧化物。
8.根据权利要求1的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述烯烃共聚物的数均分子量为约2,000至1,000,000。
9.根据权利要求8的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述烯烃共聚物的数均分子量为约5,000至100,000。
10.根据权利要求9的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述烯烃共聚物的数均分子量为约10,000至50,000。
11.根据权利要求1的甲硅烷基化共聚物,其中所述烯烃共聚物含有平均每个分子链约0.5-15摩尔甲硅烷基,由1H NMR检测。
12.根据权利要求11的甲硅烷基化共聚物,含有平均每个分子链约1-5摩尔甲硅烷基。
13.一种制备甲硅烷基化共聚物的方法,包括使以下组分接触的步骤:
a)含至少50摩尔%的至少一种C4-C7异单烯烃与至少一种乙烯基芳族单体的烯烃共聚物;和
b)通式为RR’SiY2的硅烷,其中R代表单价烯属不饱和烃或烃氧基,每个Y代表可水解的有机基团,R’代表烷基、芳基或Y基团;所述接触在自由基产生剂的存在下于反应条件下在反应区内进行。
14.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述乙烯基芳族单体是烷基苯乙烯。
15.根据权利要求14的方法,其中所述烯烃共聚物含有至少80摩尔%的异丁烯和约0.1-20摩尔%的对烷基苯乙烯。
16.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述自由基产生剂是有机过氧化物,它与所述硅烷的摩尔比为约0.01∶1至约0.1∶1。
17.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述硅烷在反应混合物中的存在量是约0.05-0.5毫摩尔每克烯烃共聚物和硅烷。
18.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述接触步骤在不存在稀释剂下进行,且其中所述烯烃共聚物处于熔融态。
19.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述接触步骤在稀释剂的存在下进行。
20.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述硅烷在所述反应区内的存在量使得所述甲硅烷基化共聚物含有平均每个分子链约0.5-15摩尔甲硅烷基,由1H NMR检测。
21.一种权利要求1的固化甲硅烷基化共聚物,通过使所述甲硅烷基化共聚物与水在硅烷醇缩聚催化剂存在下接触而制备。
22.根据权利要求13的方法,其中在与所述硅烷接触之前降低所述烯烃共聚物的分子量。
23.根据权利要求22的方法,其中所述烯烃共聚物的分子量用挤出机降低。
24.根据权利要求13的方法,进一步包括在使所述烯烃共聚物与所述硅烷接触之后降低所述甲硅烷基化共聚物的分子量。
25.根据权利要求24的方法,其中所述甲硅烷基化共聚物的分子量用挤出机降低。
26.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述烯烃共聚物与所述硅烷在挤出机中接触。
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- 1999-03-02 US US09/260,455 patent/US6177519B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2000
- 2000-01-31 RU RU2001126345/04A patent/RU2243239C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-31 BR BR0008697-5A patent/BR0008697A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-01-31 MX MXPA01008826A patent/MXPA01008826A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-31 WO PCT/US2000/002557 patent/WO2000052072A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-31 EP EP00905900A patent/EP1165644B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-31 JP JP2000602694A patent/JP2002538247A/ja active Pending
- 2000-01-31 DE DE60007849T patent/DE60007849T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2000-01-31 KR KR1020017011159A patent/KR100630031B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-31 AT AT00905900T patent/ATE258197T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-31 CZ CZ20013159A patent/CZ296491B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-31 CN CNB008044953A patent/CN1137916C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN102076725B (zh) * | 2008-07-03 | 2013-08-21 | 陶氏康宁公司 | 改性的聚烯烃 |
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WO2000052072A1 (en) | 2000-09-08 |
HU223383B1 (hu) | 2004-06-28 |
DE60007849T2 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
DE60007849D1 (de) | 2004-02-26 |
CA2362851A1 (en) | 2000-09-08 |
CZ296491B6 (cs) | 2006-03-15 |
HUP0200118A2 (hu) | 2002-05-29 |
EP1165644B1 (en) | 2004-01-21 |
JP2002538247A (ja) | 2002-11-12 |
BR0008697A (pt) | 2001-12-26 |
KR20010102472A (ko) | 2001-11-15 |
HUP0200118A3 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
EP1165644A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
ATE258197T1 (de) | 2004-02-15 |
RU2243239C2 (ru) | 2004-12-27 |
CN1137916C (zh) | 2004-02-11 |
US6177519B1 (en) | 2001-01-23 |
KR100630031B1 (ko) | 2006-09-27 |
MXPA01008826A (es) | 2004-12-02 |
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