CN1340189A - 只读型的记录载体和读设备 - Google Patents

只读型的记录载体和读设备 Download PDF

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CN1340189A
CN1340189A CN00803933A CN00803933A CN1340189A CN 1340189 A CN1340189 A CN 1340189A CN 00803933 A CN00803933 A CN 00803933A CN 00803933 A CN00803933 A CN 00803933A CN 1340189 A CN1340189 A CN 1340189A
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CN100336113C (zh
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J·P·J·赫姆斯凯克
R·范伍登贝德
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/12Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/12Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
    • G11B20/1217Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/007Arrangement of the information on the record carrier, e.g. form of tracks, actual track shape, e.g. wobbled, or cross-section, e.g. v-shaped; Sequential information structures, e.g. sectoring or header formats within a track
    • G11B7/00745Sectoring or header formats within a track
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/18Error detection or correction; Testing, e.g. of drop-outs
    • G11B20/1833Error detection or correction; Testing, e.g. of drop-outs by adding special lists or symbols to the coded information
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/12Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
    • G11B2020/1264Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers wherein the formatting concerns a specific kind of data
    • G11B2020/1265Control data, system data or management information, i.e. data used to access or process user data
    • G11B2020/1277Control data, system data or management information, i.e. data used to access or process user data for managing gaps between two recordings, e.g. control data in linking areas, run-in or run-out fields, guard or buffer zones
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/12Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
    • G11B2020/1264Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers wherein the formatting concerns a specific kind of data
    • G11B2020/1265Control data, system data or management information, i.e. data used to access or process user data
    • G11B2020/1278Physical format specifications of the record carrier, e.g. compliance with a specific standard, recording density, number of layers, start of data zone or lead-out
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B2220/00Record carriers by type
    • G11B2220/20Disc-shaped record carriers
    • G11B2220/21Disc-shaped record carriers characterised in that the disc is of read-only, rewritable, or recordable type
    • G11B2220/213Read-only discs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B2220/00Record carriers by type
    • G11B2220/20Disc-shaped record carriers
    • G11B2220/25Disc-shaped record carriers characterised in that the disc is based on a specific recording technology
    • G11B2220/2537Optical discs

Abstract

一种只读型的记录载体,具有在轨迹中的信息。将该信息细分为可寻址字块和构成信息单元的若干字块。该信息单元是根据可写记录载体的格式纠错的最小单元。在该只读记录载体上在信息单元之间设有链接区。这具有的优点是,改善了与可记录记录载体的兼容性。

Description

只读型的记录载体和读设备
本发明涉及包括在轨迹中信息只读型记录载体。
本发明还涉及一种制造只读型的记录载体的方法,其中该方法对该记录载体的信息层提供构成轨迹表示信息的标记。
本发明还涉及一种用于读该记录载体的读设备。
只读型的记录载体是众所周知的,例如,激光盘(CD)。以批量生产方法来制造这种只读型的记录载体,例如通过从母盘压制复制品的光记录载体。因此,在一个步骤中将信息加到该记录载体上,该轨迹是表示所述信息的标记的单的连续模式。将该信息逻辑上细分到可寻址的数据字和相应的控制字的字块中,例如,地址。一个可寻址的数据字块是作为一个数据项进行逻辑处理的数据字的量,例如2048字节。因此,这些可寻址的字块构成可以单独检索的用户数据的逻辑量,例如,在CD-ROM上的计算机数据。另一方面,可记录型的记录载体是已知的,例如,CD-R或CD-RW。对可记录型的记录载体通常提供在记录设备中的信息,通过连续地将信息信号写入预先形成的轨迹上,或在选择位置的随机存取存贮器中。在不同会议上的这种记录在时间上可能发生在一个记录设备中或在不同的记录器中。将不同会议中的信息信号相邻地记录在该轨迹上称为链接。从US 5187699中可知道用于在可记录的记录载体上相继地链接记录的信息信号的一种方法和装置。由纠错系统特别确定必须记录的不被这种信息信号中断的信息的最小量。将这个量称为信息单元,包括许多逻辑上可寻址的字块,至少一个而通常为8或16个,和覆盖所述字块的纠错码(ECC)。将信息单元记录在由前纹道中的位置信息表示的预定位置上。因此,在信息单元之间可能有在不同时刻记录的信号之间的边界,称为链接位置。在该已知的链接方法中,在将第一信息信号完全记录以后,在该信号的最后的帧达到该链接位置之后将该记录过程继续一个预定的期间。当要记录下一个信号时,通过将伪信息(通常为零数据)加到下面的预定位置的开始,在该链接位置开始该记录过程。因此,在该信息单元之间的区域不包括有效信息,称为链接区域,它链接包括所述链接位置的区域。通常将在记录载体上的轨迹中信息存储的规则称为格式,例如,可记录型记录载体的格式。问题是,用于读几个记录载体类型的读设备。在可以根据正确格式对该读信号进行译码之前,首先必须区分是只读型的还是可记录型的。当读这种链接区域,导致该输出信号中的差错时,可能干扰装备成只读那些只读型的记录载体的格式的简单读设备。
本发明的目的是提供一种记录载体和读设备,可进行有效链接和避免上述问题。
为此,如在开头一段所描述的只读型记录载体具有包括细分为信息单元的信息的轨迹,这些信息单元是由预定数量的可寻址字块构成的,该轨迹还包括根据可记录型记录载体的格式在这些信息单元之间提供的链接区域。另外,在开头一段所描述的设备还设有信号处理装置,用于检索该信息并排除该链接区。在该只读型记录载体的该链接区的效果是,只需装备读设备读一种格式,并可在该读过程无任何破坏的情况下读该可记录盘。因为该链接区是该格式的一部分。另外,由于在两种类型中都有链接区,该只读型记录载体的存储容量不大于该可记录型的,且因为在字块的逻辑地址与它们的物理位置之间的关系在两种类型中可以是相同的,故改善了在记录载体的不同类型间的兼容性。
本发明还基于下面的认识。通常需要大量的努力来提供与只读型记录载体可兼容的可记录型记录载体的链接。这种链接系统可能需要一个高精度的记录设备,以便只产生一个很小的链接区,可由在只读记录载体的重放机中提供的纠错系统来处理。通过提供以该只读型盘格式的该链接区,使该读设备具有较少复杂性,因为只有一种格式需要译码。而且,该记录设备不需要高精确度的链接电路,但可产生通常大小的链接区。
该记录载体的最佳实施方案的特征在于,通过信道码编码为编码信号的该信息包括帧,该链接区包括两个帧。这具有的优点是,可将该链接区的第一帧用在记录系统中,以方便前面的信息单元的结束区,而第二个帧方便该下一个信息单元的插入区。因此达到了容量的最小损失。
在该记录载体的另一实施方案中,至少一个链接区包括辅助信息。这具有的优点是,该辅助信息是只读记录载体可专用的,例如复制保护键,使得不易复制到可记录型记录载体上,因为在标准记录设备上,该链接区的内容不能受外界的影响。
根据本发明最佳实施方案的另外优点在其它的从属权利要求中给出。
通过下面通过举例参考附图对本发明实施方案的描述,本发明的这些和其它方面将更加明显,其中
图1表示一个记录载体;
图2表示一个读设备;
图3表示许多链接的信息单元;和
图4表示一个链接区。在不同的图中的相应元件具有相同的标号。
图1a表示一个盘型记录载体11,具有轨迹19和中心孔10。将轨迹19根据构成基本上平行轨迹的旋转的螺旋模式安排在信息层上。该记录载体是光可读的,称为光盘,并是只读型的。通过沿该轨迹的光可检测的标记,例如,通过压模制造的凹槽,将该信息表示在该信息层上。该轨迹包括位置信息,例如地址,用于表示数据字块的位置。若干字块构成一个信息单元,对该单元提供纠错码,它是对于在读设备中的纠错过程数据的最小需要量。
图1b是沿该记录载体11的b-b线取得的截面,其中对透明基片提供反射层16和保护层17。可以将轨迹14实施为沿表示该信息的轨迹的纵向提供的凹槽或隆起,和标记。
记录载体11承载由标记表示的信息,当进行光检测时产生一个调制信号。将该调制信号细分为帧。一个帧是在同步信号之后的预定数据量。通常这些帧还包括纠错码,例如奇偶校验字,然而这涉及许多数据字块,即大量的帧。从该DVD系统可知这种记录系统的一例,其中这些帧承载172个数据字和10个奇偶校验字,该例被用在以下的描述中。将该数据构成在2KB的字块中,而在这些信息单元中包括16个字块,因此,这样一个单元的大小是32KB用户数据。该单元包括许多帧,它们包括纠错码(ECC),用于纠正在该单元中的用户信息里的差错,它包括两个纠错层。第一纠错层(称为C1)纠正诸如随机差错等的小错,而第二层(称为C2)纠正诸如突发错误等的大错。读设备应能够独立地写和/或重写这种字块。因此注入(run-in)区在前的字块不包含用户数据,而是用于放置读出电子参量(electronics)(例如,PLL的增益,频率和相位)的专用模式。另外该字块通常还设有溢出(run-out)区以避免可能干扰这些读电子参量的该读信号的突然结束。因此,对于可记录的记录载体在单元之间可利用链接区。该链接区的大小可等于一个数据字块或甚至一个信息单元。根据本发明,在具有与可写记录载体同样或类似内容的只读记录载体上引入该链接区。优点是该读设不必检测要读的记录载体的种类,因为数据存储的格式是等同的。在一个实施方案中,该链接区是由两个帧组成的。在链接位置总将有一些差错,但可将停止该单元的记录时的差错定位在第一帧,而将由于开始一个记录的差错定位在第二帧。在另一实施方案中,将该链接区细分为跟随前面数据字块的溢出段,下一个数据字块后的空隙和注入段。
图2表示一个用于读记录载体11的重放设备,该记录载体与图1中所示的记录载体是相同的。该设备装有用于旋转该记录载体1的驱动单元21,和用于扫描在该记录载体上的轨迹19的读头22。该设备装有定位单元25,用于在径向方向(与该轨迹的长度方向垂直的),在该轨迹上粗略地定位该读头22。该读头包括一个已知类型的光系统,用于产生辐射光束24,由光元件引导并聚焦到该记录载体的信息层的轨迹上的辐射点23上。通过辐射源(例如激光二极管)产生该辐射束24。该读头还包括一个聚焦调节器,用于沿所述光束的光轴移动该辐射束24的焦点,和一个跟踪调节器,用于精细地定位在该轨迹的中心的径向方向的光点23。该跟踪调节器可包括例如,用于径向移动光元件的线圈,或用于改变反射元件对光束24的光轴的夹角的压电元件。通过通常类型的检测器(例如在读头22中的四象限二极管)来检测由该信息层反射的辐射,该读头22产生读信号和包括跟踪差错和聚焦差错信号的检测器信号,将它们加到所述的跟踪和聚焦调节器上。由读装置27处理该读信号以检索该数据,该读装置是通常种类的,例如包括一个信道译码器。将该检索的数入送入数据选择器28。该数据选择器选择信息单元,并从这些信息单元之间的链接区跳到该读信号。将该选择的数据传给执行纠错的纠错单元29。以产生输出信号30。在一个不同的实施方案中,没有分立的数据选择器,但对该纠错单元装有帧检测器,检测基于该读信号的帧,排除该链接帧,并将构成信息单元的这些帧组合。该设备还设有一个控制单元20,用于从用户或从主机接收命令,以便经控制线26,例如连接到驱动单元21,定位单元25,读装置27和数据选择器28,并可能还有纠错单元29的系统总线,控制该设备。为此,该控制单元20包括控制电路,例如,微处理器,程序存储器和控制门,以执行通常的控制程序。还可将该控制单元20实施为以逻辑电路的状态机构。
图3表示许多链接的信息单元。表示了信息单元的逻辑序列31的一部分。将第一信息单元32称为N-1,接着是链接区33。而后,将下一个信息单元34称为N,后面的另一链接区35,将第三信息单元36称为N+1。每对信息单元被一个链接区隔升,因此,在一个可记录的系统中。可以无困难地记录一个可兼容的记录载体。必须注意,图3中所示的序列被提供在不需要任何链接区的只读载体上。然而,当安排该重放设备来适应这些链接区时,则可在同一设备上容易地读任何记录的记录载体。在一个实施方案中,该链接区具有如上参考图1所述的两个帧的长度。
图4表示一个链接区。示出了信息单元的逻辑序列31的细目。将前面的信息单元32称为N-1,跟着是链接区33,下一个信息单元34称为N。将链接区33细分为邻接前面单元32的溢出段41,空隙42,和在下一单元N的数据区之前的注入段43。可以预定的标记模式来填充该注入段和该溢出段,当读出时通常为用于同步读时钟的短标记。该空隙42不具有在该可记录型记录载体中的特殊规定的数据内容,因为它保持不被记录。当记录几个信息单元时,则也可将该空隙记录。在只读盘中,该空隙可以是一个非记录区,或具有一些随机数据模式。对于记录,该空隙具有的优点是,该溢出区和该注入区不重叠,因此可靠并没有未预略的差错。在另一实施方案中,可将在该只读记录载体中的链接区用于容纳辅助的数据,例如接入控制数据,解密密钥或唯一的盘识别号数。具体地,可将该空隙方便地用于存储复制控制信息,因为在记录器上,该链接区的内容不能受来自用户的外部影响,特别是绝不能填充该空隙。
尽管通过使用CD和DVD光记录格式的实施方案描述了本发明,但对于信息单元的任何存储格式都可应用。例如,该记录载体还可是磁盘或磁带。应指出,通过硬件和软件都可实施本发明,在这个文件中的词“包括”不排除所列的那些之外的其它元件或步骤的存在,而在元件之前的词“一个”不排除有多个这种元件,任何标号并不限制其权利要求的范围,“装置”可由单个物品或多个物品来表示,几个“装置”可由硬件的同样物品来表示。而且,本发明的范围并不限于这些实施例,本发明取决于上述每个和每个新特征或这些特征的组合。

Claims (7)

1.一种只读型的记录载体,包括在轨迹中的信息,将该信息细分为由预定数量的可寻址字块构成的信息单元(32,34,36),该轨迹还包括根据可记录型记录载体的格式在这些信息单元之间设置的链接区(33,35)。
2.根据权利要求1的记录载体,其中将该信息编码为包括许多帧的编码信号,且其中的链接区(33,35)包括两个帧。
3.根据权利要求1的记录载体,其中这些链接区(33,35)包括一个溢出段(41),空隙(42)和注入段(43)。
4.根据权利要求1的记录载体,其中至少一个链接区(33)包括辅助信息。
5.一种制造只读型的记录载体的方法,在该方法中,记录载体的信息层设有构成表示信息的轨迹的标记,其中将该信息细分为由预定数量的可寻址字块构成的信息单元(32,34,36),且其中对该轨迹根据可记录型记录载体的格式在这些信息单元之间设有链接区(33,35)。
6.一种用于读只读型的记录载体的读设备,包括在轨迹中的信息,将该信息细分为由预定数量的可寻址字块构成的信息单元(32,34,36),该轨迹还包括根据可记录型记录载体的格式在这些信息单元之间设置的链接区(33,35),该设备设有信号处理装置(28),用于检索信息并排除这些链接区。
7.根据权利要求6的读设备,其中该信号处理装置(28)包括一个装置,用于从至少一个链接区(33)获取辅助信息。
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