CN1317379C - Pipeline photobioreactor for scale culture of microalgae - Google Patents
Pipeline photobioreactor for scale culture of microalgae Download PDFInfo
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- CN1317379C CN1317379C CNB2004100209780A CN200410020978A CN1317379C CN 1317379 C CN1317379 C CN 1317379C CN B2004100209780 A CNB2004100209780 A CN B2004100209780A CN 200410020978 A CN200410020978 A CN 200410020978A CN 1317379 C CN1317379 C CN 1317379C
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the biologically technical field of micro algae, particularly to a closed type pipeline light bioreactor for the size culture of the micro algae, which comprises transparent pipelines, a gas parsing device, an auxiliary pipeline system, a culture parameter sensing and controlling facility and the economic micro algae. The present invention adopts the new ideas of the large-sized gas parsing device, the parallel connection of the transparent pipelines in straight-line parallel arrangement, mechanical water body flow drive, mutually cell light prevention, etc. The present invention solves the problem of the difficult gas exchange of the closed type pipeline light bioreactor, and the present invention also reduces oxidation damage action and effectively compensates carbon dioxide. The present invention ensures the normal photosynthetic metabolism of the micro algae and reduces light damage action because of strong light, and the present invention reduces water flow blocking action formed by a bubble column and breaks through the limitation of the increase of the length of the pipelines. The present invention enhances the efficiency of the culture of the micro algae, and the closed type pipeline light bioreactor can be easily amplified to a plurality of tons to hundreds of tons. Simultaneously, the pipeline light bioreactor is arranged on a place with sufficient sun light rays, and natural sunshine is fully utilized for lowering the cost of the culture.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to little algae biological technical field, relate to the pipeline bioreactor that a kind of little algae is cultivated.This device is closed system, can effectively cut off harmful organisms and pollute; Algae liquid can effectively stir simultaneously, can avoid existing the dead angle; Gaseous interchange is abundant in addition, effectively compensates carbonic acid gas and resolves dissolved oxygen.This device can be used for mass-producing and cultivates little algae, produces related products or aquaculture bait is provided.
Background technology
Little algae is unique bait of aquatic animal whole growth process in the aquatic ecosystem (or specific etap) or the bait of food organism as the important component part of primary productive force in the biosphere.Simultaneously, little algae is near floristic 50%, has the diversity of going out, complicacy and singularity at aspects such as germplasm, ecological distribution, genetic information, biochemical composition, pathways metabolisms, further determined its potential nutrition and pharmacy value, the mankind may therefrom develop the special high added value bioactive ingredients of a large amount of structures.
Little algae that nature can directly not collected is in a large number developed little algae resource and need cultivate raw materials for production by engineering.In the world, the micro-algae large-scale artificial culture mainly contains open pond and closed photobioreactor 2 class modes at present:
Open cultivation (as circulation runway pond) is simple relatively, investment is low.But this mode culture condition changes greatly, and little algae productive rate is low, and has serious biological pollution.Any natural enemy biology (as protozoon) and other algae that comes from water source, air, fertilizer, instrument and operation etc. all very easily invaded pollution, usually causes whole cultivation utter failure, directly limited the little algae of influence and cultivated and development of resources.Have only little algae that only a few can grow in extreme environment (as in high pH environment fast the spirulina of growth and in high salinity, become the salt algaes of sociales) can utilize this mode to cultivate success.
Though the closed photo bioreactor investment cost is relatively large, owing to can regulate and control multinomial culture parameters, be easier to control biological pollution, the productive rate of cultivating little algae is higher, therefore becomes the trend of this area research and development in recent years.The closed photo bioreactor that is used for laboratory and lab scale research (working volume from several be raised to several hectolitres) at present is a lot.Amplify in the scale production but be applied to veritably, make up several tons to up to a hundred tons closed photo bioreactor and be difficult to the barrier gone beyond in addition.
At first, little Trentepohlia is in photoautotroph, and a lot of metabolism need luminous energy or by photopolymerization initiation, and the biological respinse modulator material that therefore is used to cultivate little algae requires good translucidus usually.The resistance to compression and the high temperature resistant property of tradition light transmissive material (glass, synthetic glass and plastics) are very low, be easy to fragmentation and with thermal distortion even fusing, therefore can not use for reference traditional closed fermentation process design bioreactor; And the light transmission of the high material of resistance to compression and high temperature resistance descends, even light tight fully, and this contradicts with the basic ideas that bioreactor is cultivated little algae, also is to limit that bioreactor is amplified to tonne even bigger major reason.
The closed conduit bioreactor that utilizes light transmissive material to develop, parallelpiped type (Fig. 1) and helical pipe type (Fig. 2) are arranged, be divided into light-receiving tube road part and gas resolver part, parallelpiped bioreactor as shown in Figure 1, comprise algae liquid 1, gas resolver 2, promote water mobile mechanism 3, filter compression gas pipeline 4, bubble 42, gas is resolved pipeline 5, discharge pipe 6, material loading pipeline 7, transparent pipeline 8, the transparent pipeline 81 that is arranged in parallel, " U " type inflection 82 etc., helical pipe bioreactor synoptic diagram comprises algae liquid 1 as shown in Figure 2, gas resolver 2, filter compression gas pipeline 4, gas is resolved pipeline 5, material loading pipeline 7, transparent pipeline 8, the transparent pipeline 83 of helical arrangement etc.Above-mentioned two class photoproduction reaction devices are many to rise to (and/or mechanism 3 promotion algae liquid 1 flow) in the gas resolver 2 with gas drive algae liquid 1, is back in the light-receiving tube road part (transparent pipeline 8) of sealing by earth gravity effect decline then.In the closed conduct bioreactor amplified, the duct length increase was important means.And along with duct length increases, the carbonic acid gas in the algae liquid is very fast depleted, has limited the cell growth; Because a large amount of oxygen of frustule photosynthesis accumulate in algae liquid, and oxygen saturation is up to 300%, too high dissolved oxygen produces serious oxidative damage to frustule conversely simultaneously; In addition, gas forms bubble and increases gradually and forms gas column in pipeline, hindered the proper flow that algae is tucked in.Therefore the duct length increase is limited, and generally no longer than 150 meters, the amplification that has restricted the closed conduct bioreactor is greatly used.
Therefore, how to overcome above-mentioned drawback, make up in may be used on producing tonne more than novel closed-type optical-biological reaction apparatus, become the key core technology of the little algae resource of exploitation.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above that occur in the cultivation of formula closed photo bioreactor, by continuous experiment, we adopt traditional light transmissive material successfully to make up a kind of novel closed-type pipeline bioreactor (Fig. 3).This closed conduit bioreactor has solved the gaseous interchange problem that suddenly occurs in the pipeline bioreactor mass-producing amplification, has increased oxygen and has effectively resolved, and has avoided accumulating too high dissolved oxygen, has reduced the oxidative damage effect of dissolved oxygen to little algae.Simultaneously, the carbonic acid gas by effective compensation consumes ensures that the normal photosynthetic metabolite of little algae carries out, and has broken through the restriction barrier that the pipeline total length increases.Therefore, this closed conduit bioreactor is easy to be amplified to tens tons from several tons, even ton up to a hundred.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the scheme of being taked:
1, the pipeline bioreactor that amplifies is set to respectively: also joint group, large-scale gas resolver, auxiliary pipeline system, culture parameters impression and control device, economic little algae five parts of many transparent pipelines, two ends of transparent pipeline group in parallel link to each other with large-scale gas resolver respectively, and algae liquid flows at the bioreactor internal recycle under the promotion of mechanism.
2, the pipeline bioreactor that amplifies is based upon the competent place of solar ray, in outdoor, heliogreenhouse or plastic greenhouse, makes full use of nature sunlight, the reduction scale is cultivated the cost of little algae.
3, adopt the transparent pipeline of light-receiving tube road part to increase way thick and that prolong the pipeline total length, realize enlarging pipeline bioreactor volume purpose.The transparent pipeline diameter is further increased to 5cm from traditional 1cm, and the increase scope is to 5cm to 100cm; The transparent pipeline total length of traditional pipeline bioreactor in 100m, is further increased hundreds of times (total length increases scope from 100m to 30000m).
4, after change utilizes pressurized gas to discharge in pipeline, bubble rises and drives the method for current, it is moving to utilize mechanism to promote to cultivate the algae liquid recycle stream, and drive constantly shuttling back and forth up and down of microalgae cell, by shading mutually between the cell, reduce of the light injury effect of intensive solar ray to microalgae cell.
5, adopt the way that increases the transparent pipeline diameter, realize having increased algae liquid and cultivate thickness, the mutual bridging effect of microalgae cell strengthens, and further realizes reducing the light injury effect of sunburst to microalgae cell.
6, the gas resolver of change small volume traditionally is large-scale atmospheric resolver; On the gas resolver, establish " U " type gas and resolve pipeline, reduce other biotic intrusion and pollute; Changing gas resolver of tradition and be equipped with a transparent pipeline, is that a gas resolver is equipped with many transparent pipelines.
7, traditional single (or many series connection) transparent pipelines " U " shape inflection is become parallel shape arrange, or transparent pipeline helical arrangement curl, change over the linear arrangement pattern, reduce the interior bubble of pipeline and increase the formation gas column gradually, help the proper flow that algae is tucked in.Many rectilinear transparent pipelines are connected in parallel according to tight arrangement of parallel mode.
8, two ends that change one of tradition (or many be cascaded) transparent pipeline mode that links to each other with a gas resolver.Two ends of every (contain and be connected in series) transparent pipeline are all linked to each other with 2 gas resolvers respectively.Further reduce the interior bubble of pipeline and increase the formation gas column gradually, help the proper flow of algae liquid.
9, keep every transparent pipeline length in 1m arrives the 150m scope, after many transparent pipelines were connected in parallel, the total length of the transparent pipeline of overall optical bio-reactor can be increased to hundreds of rice, a few km even tens thousand of rice.Realize the amplification of pipeline bioreactor effectively.
10, whole gas resolver seals, and is provided with in the top to filter compression gas pipeline, gas parsing pipeline, discharge pipe and material loading pipeline.Be provided with a plurality of parallelpiped interfaces in the one side, link to each other with many transparent pipelines.Establish the matrix hole in large-scale gas resolver, the discharge pipe opening is positioned at this hole, is convenient to effective discharging.Establish in the middle of the gas resolver and promote water mobile mechanism, it is moving to rely on mechanism to promote to cultivate the algae liquid recycle stream, rather than utilizes the rising bubble after pressurized gas discharges in pipeline to drive current.As the economic condition permission, culture parameters impression and control device further are installed, comprise temperature sensor, pH transmitter, the heating of holding temperature constant or heat sink, acid or alkali sample adding device, carbonic acid gas trip switch etc.The transmitter of wherein experiencing pH, temperature variation links to each other with Controlling System, and culture parameters is detected and controls.
11, filter pressurized gas (air or carbonic acid gas add enriched air) releasing tube road junction and place the interface portion of gas resolver and transparent pipeline.Gas follows algae liquid to flow into transparent pipeline, fully realizes gaseous interchange in transparent pipeline in the flow process, effectively replenishes the carbonic acid gas that microalgae cell photosynthesis consumes, and resolves the oxygen of emitting, and avoids the oxidative damage effect to frustule of too high dissolved oxygen.Gas discharges in the gas resolver of the other end with algae liquid then.
Economic little algae that the present invention cultivates comprises the little algae in the environment such as coming from freshwater microalgae, salt water and seawater, as: other little algaes such as flat algae, chlorella, chrysophyceae, grid algae, haematococcus pulvialis, Porphyridium cruentum, snow algae or diatom.Economic little algae of cultivating is used for aquaculture bait and carries out special bioactive ingredients exploitation.
Transparent pipeline of the present invention adopts glass, synthetic glass or plastics conventional transparent materials such as (polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene etc.) to make; The plastic, transparent pipeline can have materials such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene to make.The light transmissive material that comprises any thickness, color and luster, quality, diameter are from 5cm to 100cm, and the wall scroll transparent pipeline is from 1m to 150m, and the transparent pipeline total length of each bioreactor can be from 100m to 30000m.
Material of the present invention comprises liquid such as water and algae liquid respectively, gases such as air and carbonic acid gas, inorganic and humatite matter nutritive substance, and be used for after the material of water sterilization and the sterilization and material etc.
Microalgae mass pipeline optical-biological reaction apparatus of the present invention can be a top cultivation unit, also can be the more large-scale pipeline bioreactor group that the cultivation cell arrangement more than 2 interconnects and forms.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, overcome and be subjected to material and technical limitation, the technical barrier that closed photobioreactor can not effectively be amplified, by setting up 2 transparent pipeline parallel connections that large-scale confining gas resolver is parallel with many, the unlimited little algae of amplification culture in theory is for little algae resources effective development and use have brought bright a slice.
2, promote the mobile and stirring algae liquid of water by mechanism, not only ensured the abundant and nutrient distribution uniformity of nutrient solution sterilization of system inside, avoided problems in the reactor, the problem includes: the dead angle problem, and gaseous interchange (resolving oxygen and compensation carbonic acid gas) is abundant.
3, the pipeline bioreactor cultivated of microalgae mass is based upon the competent place of solar ray (in outdoor, heliogreenhouse or plastic greenhouse), utilizes nature sunlight most economically.
4, " U " inflection of change conventional transparent pipeline is that linearity is arranged in parallel, at pipeline 2 ends the gas resolver is set respectively, not only increased gaseous interchange, prevented that simultaneously bubble from increasing the formation gas column in transparent pipeline, the inhibition of having avoided gas column that algae liquid is flowed and produces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is traditional air lift type parallelpiped bioreactor synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is traditional air lift type helical pipe bioreactor synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 A is that the vertical face of gas resolver that is positioned at bioreactor two ends is seen synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 B is the plane sight synoptic diagram that novel microalgae mass is cultivated the pipeline bioreactor among Fig. 3 A.
[major portion conventional letter]
1, algae liquid; 2, gas resolver; 3, promote water mobile mechanism; 4, filter the compression gas pipeline; 41, filter compression gas discharge tube road junction; 42, bubble, 5, gas resolves pipeline, 51, U type gas resolves pipeline, 6, discharge pipe, 7, material loading pipeline, 8, transparent pipeline (one or more is cascaded), 81, the transparent pipeline that is arranged in parallel, 82, " U " type inflection, 83, the transparent pipeline of helical arrangement, 84, in parallel transparent pipeline group, 9, the parallelpiped interface, 10, matrix hole, 11, culture parameters impression and control device.
Embodiment
The pipeline bioreactor of 30 tons of scales.
In the stdn plastic green house (long 66m, wide 10m, 1 mu of ground of net area), design novel microalgae mass according to Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B and cultivate bioreactor.
At first, two ends are built 1 large-scale gas resolver 2 respectively in the greenhouse.Each gas resolver 2 medial surfaces one side is established 50 circular parallelpiped interfaces 9 respectively, interface girth 36cm, and interface is evenly distributed.The large-scale gas resolver pipe joint of two ends requires distant to correspondence, is provided with in large-scale gas resolver upper end to filter compression gas pipeline 4, gas parsing pipeline 5, discharge pipe 6 and material loading pipeline 7.Filtering pressurized gas (air or carbonic acid gas add enriched air) releasing tube road junction 41 places in the pipe joint 9 of gas resolver 2.Gas outside the gas resolver is resolved pipeline 5 and is made as " U " type gas parsing pipeline 51.In large-scale gas resolver 2, establish matrix hole 10, discharge pipe 6 openings are positioned at this hole, establish in the middle of the large-scale gas resolver 2 and promote water mobile mechanism 3, this mechanism is that pump, impeller etc. all can, pH, the impression of temperature culture parameters and control device 11 are installed in the gas resolver 2, then whole large-scale gas resolver 2 are sealed.
Pour into nutrient solution by pipeline, the little algae algae kind of inoculation can be produced cultivation behind the sterilization.
The transparent pipeline 81 that the present invention adopts large-scale gas resolver 2, arrange straight line parallel is connected in parallel, machinery promotes that water body flows and new approaches such as the mutual shading of cell.Solved the problem of closed conduct bioreactor gaseous interchange difficulty, reduced the oxidative damage effect, effectively compensate carbonic acid gas, ensure the normal photosynthetic metabolite of little algae, reduce the light injury effect that high light causes, reduced the paired current inhibition of bubble cylindricality, broken through the restriction that duct length increases, improved little algae culture efficiency, be easy to the closed conduit bioreactor is amplified to several tons to tons up to a hundred.Simultaneously the pipeline bioreactor is based upon the competent place of solar ray, makes full use of nature sunlight and reduce the cultivation cost.
Claims (10)
1, the pipeline bioreactor of microalgae mass cultivation, comprise: transparent pipeline, gas resolver, auxiliary pipeline system, culture parameters impression and control device, economic little algae five parts, it is characterized in that: described transparent pipeline (8) for single or many placed in-line, every transparent pipeline is not have the linear of inflection to arrange, transparent pipeline group (84) two ends in parallel link to each other with gas resolver (2) respectively, and many transparent pipelines closely are arranged in together according to parallel mode.
2, the pipeline bioreactor of cultivating according to the described microalgae mass of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the little algae of described economy comes from the little algae in freshwater microalgae, salt water or the briny environment.
3, the pipeline bioreactor of cultivating according to the described microalgae mass of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bioreactor is based upon the competent place of solar ray.
4, the pipeline bioreactor of cultivating according to the described microalgae mass of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described microalgae mass is cultivated the expansion of pipeline bioreactor volume and is adopted the transparent pipeline of light-receiving tube road part to increase way thick and that prolong the pipeline total length, the transparent pipeline diameter is 5cm to 100cm, keeps every transparent pipeline length in 1m arrives the 150m scope.
5, the pipeline bioreactor of cultivating according to the described microalgae mass of claim 1 is characterized in that: described transparent pipeline comprises the light transmissive material of any thickness, color and luster, quality.
6, pipeline bioreactor according to the described microalgae mass cultivation of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described whole gas resolver (2) seals, on gas resolver (2), be provided with auxiliary pipeline system, comprise and filter compression gas pipeline (4), gas is resolved pipeline (5), discharge pipe (6) and material material loading pipeline (7), be provided with a plurality of parallelpiped interfaces (9) in gas resolver (2) one sides, link to each other with many transparent pipelines (8), gas resolver (2) inside is provided with matrix hole (10), discharge pipe (6) opening is positioned at this hole, establish in the middle of the gas resolver (2) and promote water mobile mechanism (3), algae liquid flows at the bioreactor internal recycle under the promotion of mechanism.
7, the pipeline bioreactor of cultivating according to the described microalgae mass of claim 6 is characterized in that: described material comprise water, algae liquid, air, carbonic acid gas, inorganic and humatite matter nutritive substance and be used for the material of water sterilization and sterilization after and material.
8, the pipeline bioreactor of cultivating according to the described microalgae mass of claim 6, it is characterized in that: described filtration compression gas discharge tube road junction (41) places in transparent pipeline gas resolver (2) pipe joint (9); It is that U type gas is resolved pipeline that described gas is resolved pipeline.
9, the pipeline bioreactor of cultivating according to the described microalgae mass of claim 1 is characterized in that: described culture parameters impression and control device comprise temperature sensor, pH transmitter, the heating of holding temperature constant or heat sink, acid or alkali sample adding device, carbonic acid gas trip switch.
10, the pipeline bioreactor of cultivating according to the described microalgae mass of claim 1; it is characterized in that: described microalgae photobiological reactor assembly is independent cultivation unit, perhaps is the mass-producing pipeline bioreactor group that the cultivation cell arrangement more than 2 interconnects.
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| CNB2004100209780A CN1317379C (en) | 2004-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | Pipeline photobioreactor for scale culture of microalgae |
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| CNB2004100209780A CN1317379C (en) | 2004-07-16 | 2004-07-16 | Pipeline photobioreactor for scale culture of microalgae |
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| CN1317379C true CN1317379C (en) | 2007-05-23 |
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2460982A (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-12-23 | Peter Anthony Miller | Systems of total capture and recycling of used organic and inorganic matter of selfsustainable human habitations |
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