CN1308653C - Rotary scanning measuring apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a rotary scanning measurer which comprises a three-dimensional coordinate movement mechanism, a linear structure optical measurement head and a digital control rotary table, wherein the rotary table is installed on an X-axis or a Y-axis in the coordinate movement mechanism, and inclines an angle relative to the Z-axis of the coordinate movement mechanism. The optical measurement head is installed on the Z-axis; a standard ball is fixed on the rotary table; the direction of the rotary axis line of the rotary table can be determined by measuring the ball. The measurer establishes transformation relation formulas I and II and figures out the parameters of the formulas I and II. multi-chip data P1 measured by the optical measurement head at multiple visual angles is converted into the rotary coordinate system O3X3Y3Z3 of the rotary table by a transformation formula III to realize the automatic combination of data; whole data P3 for describing the panorama of a measured object is formed. The rotary scanning measurer not only enhances work efficiency but also enhances measurement precision. The measurer not only can measure any region on the object from multiple visual angles, but also can automatically combine measured data to integrally describe the object.

Description

Rotary scanning measuring apparatus

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of instrument of Measuring Object three-dimensional appearance, specifically a kind of rotary scanning measuring apparatus, it utilizes laser rays to scan and measures the instrument of complex object overall picture by the rotation of numerical control turntable, and it belongs to the light mechanical and electrical integration field.

Background technology

In the prior art, traditional equipment that is used for the Measuring Object three-dimensional appearance mainly contains two kinds, and a kind of is three coordinate measuring machine.It is with contact measurement method.This method measuring accuracy height, but efficiency of measurement is very low.This is that this gauge head contacts the measurement of once finishing a point with workpiece because the triggering gauge head (contact) that is installed on the Z axle will contact with workpiece, and this process comprises: with workpiece approaching-collision-rollback; This three phases needs the 1--2 time of second at least.Measurement to the object dimensional pattern needs more than several ten thousand points, and is apparent, utilizes the efficient of contact measurement very low.Another kind is the optical scanning measuring instrument.It is with non-contact measurement method.This measuring instrument is mainly by laser single-point gauge head, and line-structured light gauge head and optical grating projection are realized scanning survey.Characteristics such as wherein, the line-structured light gauge head is fast because of having measuring speed, the efficient height and being widely used.Need measure from a plurality of visual angles baroque object, and the line-structured light gauge head is measured the data of gained and is had different benchmark under different visual angles, when the angle of conversion object, the position of object is changed, and this variation take place in measuring process.Make measuring basis that variation take place because of object space has taken place to change under the different visual angles like this, measurement data just can not be stitched to together automatically.This need utilize the Special CAD system that these data are carried out amalgamation by manual method.So both reduce work efficiency, reduced overall measurement accuracy again.

Summary of the invention

Multiple-view measurement data can not be carried out the unified deficiency of coordinate in order to overcome existing optical measuring system, goal of the invention of the present invention is that a kind of rotary scanning measuring apparatus will be provided.This measuring instrument can not only be from the arbitrary region on the Measuring Object of a plurality of visual angles, and can be automatically with the measurement data amalgamation under each visual angle together, object of complete description.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: developed a kind of rotary scanning measuring apparatus, it comprises three-dimensional coordinate motion and line-structured light gauge head.A numerical control turntable is installed in X in the three-dimensional coordinate motion or the Y-axis mechanism, is formed four scanning measurement systems; Wherein, the installation of this turntable is with respect to angle of Z axle inclination of this coordinate motion mechanism; The line-structured light gauge head is installed on the Z axle of this coordinate motion mechanism; Be fixed with a standard ball on this turntable, this ball is to be used to measure the axis of rotation of definite this turntable at this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁In position and direction; At first, this measuring instrument is that to set up the turntable initial coordinate be O to the Z axle with the axis of rotation of this turntable ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂With turntable revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃, this revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Be O only around initial coordinate ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Z ₂Angle of axle rotation; Set up from O then ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Transformation relation formula I and from O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂To O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Transformation relation formula II; Object being measured is fixed on this turntable in that corresponding fixation means is set on this turntable, this scanning feeler by the rotation of this turntable can directly measure testee around and the top, measuring directly resulting is at this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁In multi-disc data P ₁, use transformation for mula III, with the multi-disc measurement data P that measures under the above-mentioned various visual angles ₁From this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Be transformed into this turntable rotating coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃In, realize the automatic amalgamation of data, constituted the overall data P that describes the testee overall picture ₃

Described transformation for mula I is as follows, and it is from this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To this turntable initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Transformation matrix T ₁ ²:

$T_1^2=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}\cos \mathrm{\β}& 0& \sin \mathrm{\β}& q_x\\ \sin \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\β}& \cos \mathrm{\α}& -\sin \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}& q_y\\ -\cos \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\β}& \sin \mathrm{\α}& \cos \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}& q_z\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$ In the formula, (q _x, q _y, q _z) ^TExpression turntable initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂With respect to this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Translational movement, when definite turntable axis of rotation, obtain; α and β represent: O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Around O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁X ₁And Y ₁Rotation angle, they are to determine according to the direction of turntable axis of rotation.

Described transformation for mula II is as follows, and it is to be O from this turntable initial coordinate ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂To this turntable rotating coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Rotational transform matrix R ₂ ³:

$R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\cos \mathrm{\θ}& -\sin \mathrm{\θ}& 0\\ \sin \mathrm{\θ}& \cos \mathrm{\θ}& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$ In the formula, θ represents the current rotational angle of turntable.

Described transformation for mula III is as follows, $P_3={\left(R_2^3\right)}^{-1}{\left(T_1^2\right)}^{-1}{P}_1,$ In the formula, P ₁Expression: the data in the measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system; P ₃Expression: the data in the turntable rotating coordinate system, i.e. data after the amalgamation; T ₁ ²Be formula I, R ₂ ³Be formula II.

Described numerical control turntable, its axis of rotation is 20 with respect to the pitch angle of three-dimensional coordinate motion Z axle---30 degree; The coordinate axis of described three-dimensional coordinate motion is to adopt the step motor drive feed screw nut, adopts line slideway as movement guide mechanism.

Described numerical control turntable, it is made up of worm-and-wheel gear.

Described numerical control turntable, its turntable is provided with the screw that installs and fixes facility, and the unit clamp of clamping weight larger object is installed in this screw; Or directly adopt the tackifier object that weight is lighter to cement on this turntable face.

Described standard ball is fixed on the ball seat, and the bottom of this ball seat is provided with screw thread and is fixed in the screw on this turntable face.

Described numerical control turntable, it is the interval with 60 degree, rotates six angles; By the line-structured light gauge head standard ball that is fixed on the turntable is carried out scanning survey under each position, six data that foundation measures under six positions match ball respectively obtain six sphere centre coordinates; Obtained a circle in space again by these six sphere centre coordinate match circles, then cross the axis of rotation that this round heart and the straight line vertical with this disk are this turntable, central coordinate of circle is that the turntable initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂True origin.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that in the Measuring Object overall picture multi-disc data that this measuring instrument can be measured each visual angle down automatically are stitched to together automatically, realize the complete description to an object.This measuring instrument is to set up from O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Transformation relation formula I and from O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂To O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃The basis of transformation relation formula II on, utilize formula III all data-switching to O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃The automatic amalgamation of middle realization.

In order to determine that formula I and formula II at first will determine the direction in the measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system of turntable axis of rotation.This measuring instrument is fixed on the direction that standard ball on the turntable is determined the turntable axis of rotation by measurement and since with this turntable angle serve as zero position as initial position, standard ball is nearest from the Z of measuring instrument axle under this position.Constant because of the direction of line-structured light gauge head, can only carry out along a direction the scanning survey of standard ball, scanning process is to finish by moving of measuring instrument X-axis.This turntable rotates 60 degree then, according to the height of standard ball with respect to this turntable table top, and when the distance in turntable axle center can calculate the ball of measuring each position the shift position of three axles of measuring instrument, thereby realization is to the automatic measurement of standard ball.

But utilize the algorithm match ball of match ball to obtain sphere center position according to measuring the resulting point of ball.Resulting 6 sphere center positions are in the space, and because of they are to obtain around the rotation of the axis of rotation of this turntable, according to these 6 sphere center positions, the algorithm of utilization match circle can obtain a circle in space.Because of the rotation of ball is that the axis of rotation of platform that rotates carries out, and the centre of sphere is distributed on the resulting circle of match, so the axis of rotation of this turntable is crossed the center of circle and perpendicular to this disk.

After the direction of the axis of rotation of turntable was determined, rotary scanning measuring apparatus of the present invention was at first to determine from this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To the axis of rotation with numerical control turntable is the coordinate system of Z axle, and promptly the turntable initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Transformation relation, and be O from the turntable initial coordinate ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂To turntable revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Transformation relation.Just the data-switching that measures is turned round coordinate system O to turntable according to these two relations then ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃In, realize the automatic amalgamation of multi-disc data.Definite method of these two transformation relations is as follows:

The turntable initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂With respect to this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Existing translation has rotation again.Translational movement is exactly top 6 home positions that sphere center position match circle obtains; Rotation amount should comprise three angles, but owing to is setting up coordinate system O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂The time only require Z ₂Axle is consistent with the axis of rotation of turntable, to the direction no requirement (NR) of other two axles, so only around O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁X ₁And Y ₁Axle two angles of rotation also add that translational movement just can obtain O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂, the direction vector of establishing the turntable axis of rotation of being obtained is (l _zm _zn _z) ^T, the general rotational transform matrix of two coordinate systems is:

$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\cos \mathrm{\β}\cos \mathrm{\γ}& -\cos \mathrm{\β}\sin \mathrm{\γ}& \sin \mathrm{\β}\\ \sin \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\β}\cos \mathrm{\γ}+\cos \mathrm{\α}\sin r& -\sin \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\β}\sin \mathrm{\γ}+\cos \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\γ}& -\sin \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}\\ -\cos \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\β}\cos \mathrm{\γ}+\sin \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\γ}& \cos \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\β}\sin \mathrm{\γ}+\sin \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\γ}& \cos \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}\end{array}\right]$

What the 3rd row were corresponding in the following formula is the vector of Z direction, is the direction vector of turntable axis of rotation in this measuring instrument, therefore has:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\sin \mathrm{\β}=l_Z\\ -\sin \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}=m_Z\\ \cos \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}=n_Z\end{array}\right.$

Can solve O according to following formula ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Around O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Two rotation angle α and β, so just established from O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Transformation relation, i.e. formula I;

Turntable revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃The platform initial coordinate that only rotates is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Z ₂Axle rotates, and the anglec of rotation is the current angle of turntable, from O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂To O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Transformation relation be formula II;

The core of rotary scanning measuring apparatus of the present invention is to have set up this two transformation relations, and finds the solution unknown parameter wherein.According to these two transformation relations: promptly formula I and formula II can set up from being tied to O from the measuring instrument rectangular coordinate ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To turntable revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Transformation relation, i.e. formula III;

Utilize this formula III just the data that a plurality of visual angles are measured down to be stitched to together automatically, the data of formation are whole can object of complete description.

Description of drawings and embodiment thereof

Embodiments of the invention further specify as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

This rotary scanning measuring apparatus of Fig. 1 system architecture synoptic diagram;

Fix the device synoptic diagram of a standard ball on this turntable of this rotary scanning measuring apparatus of Fig. 2;

Fix the device synoptic diagram of an object on this turntable of this rotary scanning measuring apparatus of Fig. 3;

Two coordinate transforms of this rotary scanning measuring apparatus of Fig. 4 concern synoptic diagram;

Fig. 5---Fig. 8 is for to be respectively 0 ° to a certain toy in the turntable angle of revolution, and is 90 °, 180 °, visual shown in four data implementing in the time of 270 ° to measure;

Fig. 9 is an image shown in the data of utilizing after the formula III amalgamation;

Design sketch after the data of Figure 10---Figure 14 is a corresponding figures 5---among Fig. 9 are played up.

Referring to the rotary scanning measuring apparatus that Figure 14 makes, it comprises three-dimensional coordinate motion 2 and line-structured light gauge head 1.A numerical control turntable 3 is installed in X in three-dimensional coordinate motion 2 or the Y-axis mechanism, is formed four scanning measurement systems; Wherein, the installation of this turntable 3 is with respect to angle of Z axle inclination of this coordinate motion mechanism 2; Line-structured light gauge head 1 is installed on the Z axle of this coordinate motion mechanism 2; Be fixed with a standard ball 5 on this turntable 3, this ball 5 is to be used to measure the axis of rotation of definite this turntable 3 at this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁In position and direction; At first, be that to set up the turntable initial coordinate be O to the Z axle with the axis of rotation of this turntable ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂With turntable revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃, this revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Be O only around initial coordinate ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Z ₂Angle of axle rotation; Set up from O then ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Transformation relation formula I and from O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂To O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Transformation relation formula II; Object being measured 4 is fixed on this turntable 3 in that corresponding fixation means 6 is set on this turntable 3, this gauge head 1 by the rotation of this turntable 3 can directly measure testee 4 around and the top, measuring directly resulting is at this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁In multi-disc data P ₁, use transformation for mula III, with the multi-disc measurement data P that measures under the above-mentioned various visual angles ₁From this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Be transformed into this turntable 3 rotating coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃In, realize the automatic amalgamation of data, constituted the overall data P that describes testee 4 overall pictures ₃

In Fig. 1, line-structured light gauge head 1 is installed on the Z axle of motion 2, can move up and down along the Z axle, and numerical control turntable 3 is installed on the X-axis of motion 2, can be along the X-axis move left and right, and the axis of rotation of this turntable Z axle relative and motion 2 tilts 28 °.Testee 4 is placed on this turntable 3, and the rotation by this turntable 3 can make arbitrary position and the line-structured light gauge head 1 above it form suitable measurement visual angle.Scanning process under a visual angle is by the moving up and down of the Z axle of motion 2, and the seesawing of X-axis move left and right and Y-axis finished jointly.

On the numerical control turntable of in Fig. 2, a standard ball 5 being fixed 3, and this standard ball 5 carried out scanning survey, utilize the resulting data fitting ball of measurement to obtain a sphere center position, be that step-length makes numerical control turntable 3 rotate 5 angles, the measurement standard ball and the match centre of sphere under each angle with 60 ° then.Utilize the locus match circle of resulting 6 centre ofs sphere, then cross the axis of rotation that the center of circle and the straight line vertical with this disk are this turntable 3, central coordinate of circle is that turntable 3 initial coordinate are O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂True origin.。

Described numerical control turntable 3, its turntable 3 is provided with the screw 8 that installs and fixes facility, and the unit clamp 6 of clamping weight larger object 4 is installed in this screw 8; Or directly adopt the tackifier object that weight is lighter to cement on 3 of this turntables.

Described standard ball 5 is fixed on the ball seat 7, and the bottom of this ball seat 7 is provided with screw thread and is fixed in the screw 8 on 3 of this turntables.

In Fig. 3 centerline construction flash ranging data that 1 measurement directly obtains is at measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Down, and multiple-view measurement data should distribute around the axis of rotation of this turntable 3, therefore, and at first will be with these data-switching to being the rectangular coordinate system O of Z axle with the axis of rotation ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Down, this coordinate system is the initial coordinate system of this turntable 3, and its pairing turntable 3 angle of revolution is zero, with respect to O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Existing translation has rotation again.(the turntable angle is non-vanishing) coordinate system O after turntable rotates ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Become O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃, O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Be the revolution coordinate system of turntable 3, it is with respect to O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Only rotate, the anglec of rotation is the angle of turntable 3.When multiple-view measurement data transforms to turntable rotating coordinate system O by above these two steps ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃The back just automatically amalgamation together.

Transformation for mula I of the present invention---the III Application Example is as follows:

The installation of the numerical control turntable of rotary scanning measuring apparatus of the present invention is 28 degree with respect to the Z axle angle of inclination of this measuring instrument, parameter alpha and β after the installation site of this turntable is fixing among the formula I no longer change, and promptly the value of α and β is only relevant with the installation site of turntable; Direction vector by the resulting turntable axis of rotation of measurement standard ball is (l _zm _zn _z) ^T=(0.0288497 0.4729089 0.8806388) ^T, utilize formula $\left\{\begin{array}{c}\sin \mathrm{\β}=l_Z\\ -\sin \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}=m_Z\\ \cos \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}=n_Z\end{array}\right.$ Obtain α=28.2361 °, β=1.6532 °;

And the q among the formula I _x, q _y, q _zBoth relevant with the position of turntable, again with measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Initial position relevant; Q after revolving table position is fixing _x, q _y, q _zOnly and O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Initial position relevant; At O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Five different initial positions under the value of formula I as follows

$T_1^2=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}0.999583& 0& 0.028849& 23.0567\\ 0.013648& 0.8881005& -0.4729086& 37.3652\\ -0.025415& 0.4731059& 0.880638& -66.0352\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

$T_1^2=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}0.999583& 0& 0.028849& 6.0545\\ 0.013648& 0.8881005& -0.4729086& 9.3765\\ -0.025415& 0.4731059& 0.880638& 53.7421\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

$T_1^2=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}0.999583& 0& 0.028849& 7.6328\\ 0.013648& 0.8881005& -0.4729086& -41.8634\\ -0.025415& 0.4791059& 0.880638& 5.07389\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

$T_1^2=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}0.999583& 0& 0.028849& -62.8536\\ 0.013648& 0.8881005& -0.4729086& 16.0854\\ -0.025415& 0.4731059& 0.880638& 8.7974\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

$T_1^2=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}0.999583& 0& 0.028849& -10.9635\\ 0.013648& 0.8881005& -0.4729086& 54.0975\\ -0.025415& 0.4731059& 0.880638& -4.5431\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

Formula II only has relation with the angle of revolution of turntable, when the turntable angle is 0 °, and 90 °, 180, ° 270 °, the value of formula II is as follows in the time of 56.356 °:

$R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& 0& 0\\ 0& 1& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right],R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0& -1& 0\\ 1& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right],R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}-1& 0& 0\\ 0& -1& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right],R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0& 1& 0\\ -1& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

$R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.55403& -0.83249& 0\\ 0.83249& 0.55403& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

Utilized among the formula III formula I and formula II with measurement data from O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Transform to O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Realize automatic amalgamation.

Measuring instrument of the present invention is respectively 0 ° to a certain toy in the turntable angle of revolution, 90 °, 180 °, implement to measure resulting four data such as Fig. 5 in the time of 270 °---shown in Figure 8, utilize after the formula III amalgamation data as shown in Figure 9.Design sketch after the data of Figure 10---Figure 14 is a corresponding figures 5---among Fig. 9 are played up.

Because of fix O in the installation site of measuring process intermediate station ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Initial position do not change yet, formula I does not change, occurrence is:

$T_1^2=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}0.999583& 0& 0.028849& 23.0567\\ 0.013648& 0.8881005& -0.4729086& 37.3652\\ -0.025415& 0.4732059& 0.880638& -66.0352\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$

Three rotations have taken place at the measuring process intermediate station, altogether corresponding four angles, variation has taken place in formula II;

The value of formula II was when the turntable angle was 0 ° $R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1& 0& 0\\ 0& 1& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right],$ Corresponding measurement data is Fig. 5, Figure 10;

The value of formula II was when the turntable angle was 90 ° $R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0& -1& 0\\ 1& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right],$ Corresponding measurement data is Fig. 6, Figure 11

The value of formula II was when the turntable angle was 180 ° $R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}-1& 0& 0\\ 0& -1& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right],$ Corresponding measurement data is Fig. 7, Figure 12;

The value of formula II was when the turntable angle was 270 ° $R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0& 1& 0\\ -1& 0& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right],$ Corresponding measurement data is figure Fig. 8, Figure 13;

In sum, the revolution of the present invention by turntable 3 realized utilizing line-structured light gauge head 1 Measuring Object, 4 overall pictures and with the automatic amalgamation of the measurement under the different visual angles together, not only improved work efficiency but also improved the precision of the whole amalgamations of data, solved perfect measurement problem well complex object.

Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand, and in protection scope of the present invention, makes amendment for the foregoing description, and it all is possible adding and replacing, and it does not all exceed protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of rotary scanning measuring apparatus, it comprises three-dimensional coordinate motion and line-structured light scanning feeler, it is characterized in that: a numerical control turntable is installed in X in this three-dimensional coordinate motion or the Y-axis mechanism, is formed four scanning measurement systems; Wherein, the installation of this numerical control turntable is with respect to angle of Z axle inclination of three-dimensional coordinate motion; The line-structured light scanning feeler is installed on the Z axle of this motion; Be fixed with a standard ball on this numerical control turntable, this ball is to be used to determine the position of axis of rotation of numerical control turntable and direction, and promptly this axis of rotation is at this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁In position and direction;

At first, this measuring instrument is that to set up the numerical control turntable initial coordinate be O to the Z axle with the axis of rotation of numerical control turntable ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂With numerical control turntable revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃, this revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Be O only around initial coordinate ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Z ₂Angle of axle rotation; Set up then from rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Transformation relation formula I: transformation matrix T ₁ ², it is from this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁To the numerical control turntable initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Transformation matrix:

$T_1^2=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}\cos \mathrm{\β}& 0& \sin \mathrm{\β}& q_x\\ \sin \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\β}& \cos \mathrm{\α}& -\sin \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}& q_y\\ -\cos \mathrm{\α}\sin \mathrm{\β}& \sin \mathrm{\α}& \cos \mathrm{\α}\cos \mathrm{\β}& q_z\\ 0& 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$ In the formula, (q _x, q _y, q _z) ^TExpression turntable initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂With respect to this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Translational movement, when definite numerical control turntable axis of rotation, obtain; α and β represent: initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Around rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁X ₁Axle and Y ₁The rotation angle of axle, they are to determine according to the direction of numerical control turntable axis of rotation;

Be O from initial coordinate ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂To revolution coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃Transformation relation formula II: rotational transform matrix R ₂ ³, it is to be O from the numerical control turntable initial coordinate ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂To numerical control turntable rotating coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃The rotational transform matrix: $R_2^3=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\cos \mathrm{\θ}& -\sin \mathrm{\θ}& 0\\ \sin \mathrm{\θ}& \cos \mathrm{\θ}& 0\\ 0& 0& 1\end{array}\right]$ In the formula, θ represents the current rotational angle of numerical control turntable;

Corresponding fixation means is set on numerical control turntable, object being measured is fixed on the numerical control turntable, this scanning feeler by the rotation of numerical control turntable can directly measure testee around and the top; Measuring directly resulting is at this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁In multi-disc data P ₁, use transformation for mula III: $P_3={\left(R_2^3\right)}^{-1}{\left(T_1^2\right)}^{-1}{P}_1,$ In the formula, P ₁Expression: the data in the measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system; P ₃Expression: the data in the numerical control turntable rotating coordinate system, i.e. data after the amalgamation; T ₁ ²Be formula I, R ₂ ³Be formula II;

With the multi-disc measurement data P that measures under the above-mentioned various visual angles ₁From this measuring instrument rectangular coordinate system O ₁X ₁Y ₁Z ₁Be transformed into numerical control turntable rotating coordinate system O ₃X ₃Y ₃Z ₃In, realize the automatic amalgamation of data, constituted the overall data P that describes the testee overall picture ₃

2, according to the described rotary scanning measuring apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described numerical control turntable, its pitch angle with respect to three-dimensional coordinate motion Z axle is the 20-30 degree; The coordinate axis of described three-dimensional coordinate motion is to adopt the step motor drive feed screw nut, adopts line slideway as movement guide mechanism.

3, according to the described rotary scanning measuring apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described numerical control turntable, it is made up of worm-and-wheel gear.

4, according to the arbitrary described rotary scanning measuring apparatus among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described numerical control turntable, its numerical control turntable is provided with the screw that installs and fixes facility, and the unit clamp of clamping weight larger object is installed in this screw; Or directly adopt the tackifier object that weight is lighter to cement on this numerical control rotary table top.

5, according to the described rotary scanning measuring apparatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described standard ball is fixed on the ball seat, and the bottom of this ball seat is provided with screw thread and is fixed in the screw on this turntable face.

6, according to the arbitrary described rotary scanning measuring apparatus among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described numerical control turntable, it is the interval with 60 degree, rotates six angles; By the line-structured light gauge head standard ball that is fixed on this numerical control turntable is being carried out scanning survey under each position, according under six positions, measure resulting six data respectively the match ball obtain six sphere centre coordinates; Obtained a circle in space again by these six sphere centre coordinate match circles, then cross the axis of rotation that this round heart and the straight line vertical with this disk are numerical control turntable, central coordinate of circle is that the numerical control turntable initial coordinate is O ₂X ₂Y ₂Z ₂Origin.

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