CN1301291A - fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

An unleaded formulated motor gasoline comprising a base blend composition having a MON of at least 80 e.g. 80 to less than 98 comprises component (a) at least 5 % (by volume of the total composition) of at least one hydrocarbon having the following formula (I): R-CH2-CH(CH3)-C(CH3)2-CH3 wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, especially triptane, and component (b) at least one saturated liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon having 4 to 12 carbon atoms. The corresponding unleaded formulated motor gasoline comprises also at least one motor gasoline additive. The blend or gasoline preferably contains at least one of aromatics, olefins, and oxygenates. The gasolines or blends give rise on combustion to reduced levels of emissions of exhaust gases, in particular carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and total hydrocarbons.

Description

Fuel composition

The present invention relates to fuel composition, relate to the gasoline composition that in Motor vehicles, uses specifically.

The producer of spark ignition engine has struggled for many years in order to make full use of hydrocarbon fuel more efficiently.But these engines need more high-octane gasoline, and they can specifically realize that by adding organic plumbous additive the white gasoline of Chu Xianing was to have added MTBE (methyl tertiary butyl ether) afterwards.But the burning of any gasoline will cause waste gas such as carbonic acid gas, carbon monoxide, oxynitride (NO _x) and the discharging of deleterious hydrocarbon, these discharges do not meet needs.

It has been found that motor gasoline to have high octane value and the low discharge of generation in burning.

The invention provides and have motor-method octane number (MON) is at least 80 unleaded blend composition, said composition contains: at least a hydrocarbon with following formula I of composition (a) at least 5% or preferably at least 8 or 10% (with the volume calculation of total composition):

R-CH ₂-CH (CH ₃)-C (CH ₃) ₂-CH ₃I wherein R is an at least a saturated liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon with 4-12,4-10 such as 5-10 as 5-8 carbon atom of hydrogen or methyl and composition (b).In other embodiments, composition (b) is contained at least one of isomerate, alkylide, straight-run spirit, lightweight reformate, lightweight hydrocrackates and aviation alkylate.Preferred described composition contains at least a alkene (as the amount of 1-30%) and/or at least a aromatic hydrocarbon (as 1-50%, particularly the amount of 3-28%) and/or is less than 5% benzene.Preferred described composition contains the triptane of 10-40%, is less than 5% benzene and is measured as the Reid Vapour Pressure of 30-120kPa according to ASTMD323 under 37.8 ℃.Described composition is exactly common unleaded motor gasoline basis blend composition.

The present invention also provides the motor gasoline of the unleaded allotment that contains described base composition and at least a motor gasoline additive.

If R is a hydrogen, described hydrocarbon is a triptane.If R is a methyl, described hydrocarbon is a 2.Particularly preferably be triptane.Can use separately or mix and use triptane and 2, for example with 10: 90-90: 10, preferred 30: 70-70: 30 weight ratio be mixed use.

The hydrocarbon of formula I (preferred triptane) can 5-95% or 8-90% such as 10-90% or 15-65% such as 10-40% exist as the amount of 20-35% (volume) or 40-90% such as 40-55% or 55-80% or 8-35% such as 8-20% (volume).Unless other statement is arranged, otherwise all percentage ratios in this manual are percent by volume and openly are worth all subclass (sub-combination) in all scopes that comprise disclosed all the components in the scope of the described composition of two or more compositions or the amount in the gasoline.

Can use purity to be at least 95% triptane or 2, but preferably as hydrocarbon mixture, as using with the part of the mixture of the compound of at least 50% formula I.Described mixture can obtain or obtain containing by the distillation catalytic cracking reaction products C of alkene and hydrocarbon by the alkylation as isoalkane as the reaction of propylene and Trimethylmethane ₄Cut obtains C with described cut alkylation _4-9, C particularly _6-9Cut, redistillation obtains being mainly C ₈Cut, it contains trimethylpentane usually, comprises 2 and/or 2,3, the 3-trimethylpentane.Be to produce triptane, this cut demethylation can be obtained containing the crude product of at least 5% triptane, can be increased in the content of the triptane in the described mixture by distillation; This product of distillation can contain at least 10% or 20%, but at least 50% triptane and 2 as 50-90% particularly, remaining main (as the amount of 10-50% (volume)) is other aliphatics C ₇And C ₈Hydrocarbon.2,2, the 3-triptane can be by Rec.Trav.Chim.1939, the 58th volume, universal method by descriptions such as J.P.Wibaut in the 347-348 page or leaf prepares, this method comprises makes the reaction of Pinacolone and iodate methyl magnesium, then dewater (as with sulfuric acid) form 2,2,3-trimethylammonium butylene, again products therefrom hydrogenation (as shortening) is obtained triptane.The triptane and the 2 that perhaps can use commerce to get.

The present invention will further adopt triptane that the compound of formula I is done exemplary description, but also can adopt 2 to replace.

Described gasoline composition also contains the liquid stable hydrocarbon as at least a 5-10 carbon of composition (b), particularly is mainly side chain C ₇Or C ₈Compound, as different C ₇Or different C ₈Compound.These hydrocarbon can be the pure substance basically as normal heptane, octane-iso or iso-pentane, or as product of distillation or by the mixture of the reaction product (as alkylide) of purifying reaction.Described hydrocarbon can have the motor-method octane number (MON) of 0-60, but preferably has the MON value of 60-96, as isomerate (bp25-80 ℃).Research octane number (RON) RON can be 80-105, and as 95-105, yet ROAD value (mean value of MON and RON) can be 60-100.

Composition (b) can contain the boiling point (preferred full boiling point) that has and be higher than the compound of formula I (as 2,2, the 3-triptane), preferably high at least 20 ℃, as be higher than 2,2,20-60 ℃ of 3-triptane but be lower than 225 ℃ (as being lower than 170 ℃) and motor-method octane number is generally the hydrocarbon composition of at least 92 (as 92-100); This composition is generally 7-10, is in particular the alkane of 7 or 8 carbon, specifically be on their alkyl chain, have at least one side chain, specifically be 1-3 bar side chain, and preferred described side chain is on the carbon atom of an inside, and particularly contain at least one-C (CH ₃) ₂-group.

Total volume of composition in the described composition (b) (or contains the volume of the mixture of composition (b), each total amount as following (ⅰ)-(ⅳ) (if exist)) is generally 10-80% such as 25-70%, 40-65% or 20-40%, the composition of lower per-cent (a) then usually uses higher per-cent, wherein said composition (ⅰ)-(ⅳ) be respectively (ⅰ) catalytic reforming product, (ⅱ) heavy catalytic cracking gasoline, (ⅲ) lightweight catalytic cracking gasoline and (ⅳ) straight-run spirit.

Composition (b) can be described liquid stable hydrocarbon, as the reaction product (as alkylide) of product of distillation image-stone cerebrol or straight-run spirit or purifying reaction, comprise the mixture of aviation alkylate (bp30-190 ℃), isomerate (bp25-80 ℃), lightweight reformate (bp20-79 ℃) or lightweight hydrocrackates.Described mixture can contain at least 60% or at least 70% (weight), as the liquid aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon of 60-95 or 70-90% (weight).

The volume of the mixture of composition in composition of the present invention (b) (being mainly saturated liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon cut, as the total amount of isomerate, alkylide, petroleum naphtha and straight-run spirit (be present in various situation (if there is) as described in composition in)) can be 4-60% such as 4-25% or preferred 10-55% such as 25-45%.Preferably have alkylide or straight-run spirit, optional they exist together but preferably other composition do not exist, specifically, they exist as the amount of 10-25%, 25-45% or 25-40% with 2-50% such as 10-45.Composition of the present invention also can contain the petroleum naphtha that volume is 0-25% such as 2-25%, 10-25% or 2-10%.

Described composition can contain a kind of hydrocarbon composition, it is the aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon of 4-6 carbon and more volatile and have a lower boiling point (preferred lower full boiling point) than the compound of formula I, specifically, it is at least 30 ℃ of the boiling points that is lower than triptane under barometric point, as 30-60 ℃ of boiling down, particularly its motor-method octane number is higher than 88, is at least 90 specifically, as 88-93 or 90-92.The example of described hydrocarbon composition comprises the alkane of 4 or 5 carbon, be specially iso-pentane, it can be pure substantially material or contains at least 30% as the thick hydrocarbon-fraction of 30-80% as 50-70% from what alkylation or isomerization obtained, and major impurity is 40% monomethyl pentane and 50% dimethylbutane at the most at the most.Described hydrocarbon composition can be the alkane of boiling point (under barometric point) than low 60-100 ℃ of triptane, as just and/or Trimethylmethane, and optional and C ₅Alkane is with 99.5: 0.5 to 0.5: 99.5, as fusion in 88: 12 to 75: 25.Preferably normal butane is mixed separately or with iso-pentane, particularly with above-mentioned mixed, the volume of the butane in described composition is at most 20% specifically, as 1-15% as 1-8,3-8 or 8-15%.

Can there be alicyclic hydrocarbon such as pentamethylene or hexanaphthene as 5-7 carbon atom, but usually to be less than 15% of total amount, as the amount existence of 1-10%.

The volume of liquid fat hydrocarbon of all isomerate in the described composition, alkylide, petroleum naphtha, straight-run spirit, a 4-6 carbon (as above definition) and alicyclic hydrocarbon (having (if existence) with various situations) can be 5-60% such as 8-25%, 15-55% such as 30-50%.

Preferred gasoline composition of the present invention also contains at least a alkene (per molecule has two keys specifically), this alkene is the liquefied olefines of 5-10 (as 6-8) carbon, as amylene, isopentene, hexene, dissident's alkene or heptene or 2-methyl-2-amylene, or contain the mixture of the alkene that the residue (as normal pressure residual oil or vacuum residuum) by cracking (as catalysis or thermo-cracking) crude oil obtains as linearity or branched olefin; Described mixture can be heavy or lightweight catalytic cracking gasoline (or their mixture).Described cracking can adopt steam auxiliary.Other example that contains the mixture of alkene is " C ₆Bisomer ", catalyzed polymerization product and dimerization oil (dimate).Described alkene mixture generally includes at least 10% (weight), as the alkene of at least 40% picture 40-80% (weight).Preferred mixture is (ⅹ ⅰ) steam cracker gasoline, (ⅹ ⅱ) catalytically cracked gasoline, (ⅹ ⅲ) C ₆Bisomer, (ⅹ ⅳ) catalyzed polymerization product, however the gasoline of optional catalytic cracking is best.The summation of the amount of the alkene mixture in total composition, particularly (ⅹ ⅰ)-(ⅹ ⅳ) (if existence) can be 0-55 such as 10-55 or 18-37 such as 23-35 or 20-55 such as 40-55%.Preferably the amount of total (ⅹ ⅰ) and (ⅹ ⅱ) (if existence) is 18-55 such as 18-35,18-30 or 35-55% (volume) in described composition.

Described alkene or alkene mixture have the MON value of 70-90 usually, the RON value of 85-95 and the ROAD value of 80-92.

The volume of all alkene in gasoline composition of the present invention be 0% or 0-30% such as 0.1-30% as 1-30%, in particular to 2-25,5-30 (particularly 3-10), 5-18.5,5-18 or 10-20%.Preferred described composition contains at least 1% and mostly be 18% or particularly mostly be most 14% alkene but also can not contain alkene substantially most.

Described composition also can contain at least a aromatic compound, preferred alkyl aromatic compound such as toluene or neighbour, or p-Xylol or their mixture or Three methyl Benzene.Can be with described aromatic compound with independent compound such as toluene, or containing at least 30% (weight), add as the mixture of the aromatic compound of 30-100%, particularly 50-90%.These mixtures can be made of the catalytic reforming product or the pyrolysis gasoline that derive from heavy naphtha.The example of these mixtures is (ⅹ ⅹ ⅰ) catalytic reforming product and (ⅹ ⅹ ⅱ) heavy reformate.The independent compound in described composition such as the amount of toluene can be 0-35%, as 2-33% as 10-33%, and the aromatic compound mixture in described composition, the amount of particularly total reformate (ⅹ ⅹ ⅰ) and (ⅹ ⅹ ⅱ) (if existence) can be 0-50%, as 1-33% as 2-15% or 2-10% or 15-32% (volume), and the total amount of reformate (ⅹ ⅹ ⅰ), (ⅹ ⅹ ⅱ) and the independent compound (as toluene) that adds can be 0-50% such as 0.5-20% or 5-40%, as 15-35 or 5-25% (volume).

Described aromatic compound has the MON value of 90-110 (as 100-110), the RON value of 100-120 (as 110-120) and the ROAD value of 95-110 usually.The volume of the aromatic compound in described composition is generally 0% or 0-50%, as is less than 40% or be less than 28% or be less than 20% picture 1-50%, 2-40%, 3-28%, 4-25%, 5-20% (particularly 10-20%), 4-10% or be 20-35% especially for toluene.Described gasoline composition also can be substantially aromatic-containing compound not.The amount of aromatic compound is for being less than 42%, as is less than 35% or especially preferably be less than 30%.The amount of preferred benzene is less than 5%.Preferably be less than 1.5% or 1%, as 0.1-1% (calculating) with cumulative volume or be less than 0.1% (with as described in the total weight of composition).

Described composition can contain at least a oxidation octane number improver, is generally ether, has a motor-method octane number that is at least 96-105 such as 98-103 usually.Described ether octane number improver is generally dialkyl ether, be specially asymmetric dialkyl ether, preferably wherein each alkyl has 1-6 carbon, a concrete branched-chain alkyl that alkyl is a 3-6 carbon, be specially the tertiary alkyl of 4-6 carbon, as the tertiary butyl or tert-pentyl, and another alkyl is 1-6 such as 1-3 carbon, and is particularly linear in methyl or ethyl.The example of this oxide compound comprises methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), Ethyl Tertisry Butyl Ether and tert amyl methyl ether(TAME).Described oxide compound also can be the alcohol of 1-6 carbon, as ethanol.

The volume of described oxide compound can be 0 or 0-25%, as 1-25%, 2-20%, 2-10% or 5-20% 5-15% particularly, is favourable but be less than 3% as 1-3% (particularly MTBE and/or alcoholic acid amount).Composition of the present invention or gasoline can not contain described oxide compound substantially yet.

The amount that aromatic liquid amine such as aniline (if existing really) can be less than 5% (volume) exists, and does not preferably exist substantially, as is less than 100ppm.Described amine is generally less than 3: 1 with the relative volume ratio of triptane, as less than 1: 2.

Composition of the present invention contains composition (a) and (b), and described allotment white gasoline also contains at least a motor gasoline additive, for example in ASTMD-4814, list (its content is attached to herein by reference) or by administration, as the additive of US California Air ResourcesBoard (CARB) or Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulation.These additives are different with liquid fuel composition (as MTBE).These additives can be the Additives at Gasoline and Diesel Fuel, K Owen, Publ.By J.Wiley, Chichester, UK, the unleaded additive of describing in 1989, the 1 and 2 chapters, USP3955938, EP0233250 or EP288296 (its content is attached to herein by application).Described additive can be precombustion or combustion additive.The example of additive is the antioxidant of antioxidant such as amino or phenolic group type, inhibiter, antiicing additive such as glycol ether or alcohol, engine detergent additive such as succsinic acid imide, polyalkylene amine or polyetheramine type and anti static additive such as amphoterics, metal passivator such as thioamides type a kind of, surface ignition inhibitor such as organic phosphorus compound, the an alkali metal salt and the alkaline earth salt of ignition dope such as organic acid or vitriolic higher alcohols monoesters, anti-valve seat is recessed (anti valve seat recession) and additive such as alkali metal compound, as sodium or sylvite and the tinting material such as the azoic dyestuff of boric acid or carboxylic acid.Can use the additive (as 2-4) of one or more identical or different types, the combination of particularly at least a antioxidant and at least a cleaning additive.Antioxidant such as one or more hindered phenols as the antioxidant that preferably has tertiary butyl groups at one or two ortho position of phenolic hydroxyl group, are described among the concrete embodiment below 1.Specifically, the amount of the additive that can exist in described composition is that every kind of additive (being generally antioxidant, particularly one or more hindered phenols) is 0.1-100ppm such as 1-20ppm.The total amount of additive is no more than 1000ppm usually, as 1-1000ppm.

Composition of the present invention and gasoline all do not contain organic lead compound and manganese additive such as manganese carbonyl commonly used.

Described composition and gasoline can contain and is at most 0.1%, as the sulphur of 0.000-0.02% as 0.002-0.01% (weight).

Gasoline composition of the present invention have usually at least 80 as 80-110 or 80-105 such as 98-105 or preferred 80 to being less than 98 MON values as 80-95,83-93 or 93-98.Its RON value is generally 90-120 such as 102-120 or preferred 90-102, preferred 90-100 such as 90-99, as 90-93 as 91, or 93-98 such as 94.5-97.5, or 97-101 and its ROAD value be generally 85-115 such as 98-115 or preferred 85-98 such as 85-95 as 85-90, or 90-95 or 95-98.Preferred gasoline composition has MON80-83, RON90-93 and ROAD85-90 or MON83-93, RON93-98 and ROAD85-95 or MON83-93, RON97-101 and ROAD90-95.The net thermal value of described gasoline (being also referred to as specific energy) be generally at least 18000Btu/lb as at least 18500,18700 or 18,900 as 18500-19500 as 18700-19300 or 18900-19200; Described calorific value can be at least 42MJ/kg as 43.5MJ/kg at least as 42-45 or 43-45 such as 43.5-44.5MJ/kg.Described gasoline has the boiling range of (ASTMD86) between 20-225 ℃ usually, and concrete at least 2% has boiling range between 171-225 ℃ as 2-15%.Described gasoline has volatilized 10% usually at least in the time of 70 ℃, and when the temperature that reaches 77-120 ℃, preferred 77-116 ℃, volatilized 50% and before 185 ℃ minimum level volatilized 90%.Described gasoline also usually at 70 ℃ of volatilizable 10-50%, at 100 ℃ of volatilizable 40-74%, at 150 ℃ of 70-97% and of having volatilized at 180 ℃ of volatilizable 90-99%.Be generally 30-120 according to ASTMD323 at 37.8 ℃ of Reid Vapour Pressures of measuring down, as 40-100 as 61-80 or preferred 50-80,40-65, as 40-60 or 40-50kPa.

Described gasoline composition has the H:C atomic ratio usually and is at least 1.8: 1 as at least 2.0: 1 or at least 2.1 or 2.2: 1 when not having any oxide compound, as 1.8-2.3: 1 or 2.0-2.2: 1.Described gasoline composition is favourable when meeting following condition.

Atom H:C * [1+oxy] * [(burning net thermal value)/200+ROAD] 〉=y, wherein atom H:C be in the hydrocarbon of described composition hydrogen to the ratio of carbon, oxy is meant terms of oxide moles (if existing) in described composition, the burning net thermal value obtains the energy that vaporous water and carbonic acid gas discharge for the fuel (gaseous form) of 11b (454g) that burn in oxygen, unit represents [be MJ/kg 430.35 times] with Btu/lb, y is at least 350,380,410 or 430, be specially 350-440 such as 380-420, particularly 400-420.

Preferred motor gasoline of the present invention contains 2 of 10-90%, 2, the alkene of the petroleum naphtha of the composition of 3-triptane, 10-80% (b), 0-25%, the butane of 0-15%, 5-20%, the aromatic compound of 3-28% and the oxide compound of 0-25% specifically adopt the aromatic compound of 5-20% and the alkene of 5-15%.

In an embodiment preferred of the present invention, motor gasoline of the present invention contains 2 of 8-65%, 2, alkene, the particularly 3-14% of 3-triptane (particularly 15-35%), 0.1-30% such as 2-25% and the aromatic compound of 0-35% such as 0-30% as the mixture of the composition (b) of 5-35%, 5-20% (particularly 5-15%) or 20-30% and 5-50% such as 10-45% as 20-40%.These gasoline also can contain oxide compound, as particularly to be less than 3% as the MTBE of 0.1-3% with contain particularly that to be less than the RON that these gasoline of 1.5% benzene as 0.1-1%-preferably have be that 97-99, MON are that 87-90 and ROAD value are 92-94.5.

The example of motor gasoline of the present invention is to have 2 of 5-25%, 2, the composition (b) of the alkene of 3-triptane, 5-15%, the aromatic compound of 15-35% and 40-65%, specifically be 2 of 15-25%, 2,2 of mixture of the composition (b) of the alkene of 3-triptane, 7-15%, the aromatic compound of 15-25% and 45-52% (its RON value is 96.5-97.5) or 5-15%, 2, the composition (b) of the alkene of 3-triptane, 7-15%, the aromatic compound of 15-25% and 55-65% (its RON value is 94.5-95.5).

The example of motor gasoline of the present invention is that the ether of butane, 0-20% such as 5-15% with 1-15% such as 3-12% such as the refining mixing liquid of MTBE, 20-80 such as 25-70% (are generally C ₆-C ₉) steam (except petroleum naphtha) (as the mixture of above-mentioned (ⅰ)-(ⅳ)), 0-25% such as 2-25% petroleum naphtha, 5-70% such as 15-65% 2,2,3-triptane, the RON that has are that 93-100 such as 94-98, MON are that 80-98 such as 83-93 or 93-98 and RVP are the gasoline of 40-80 such as 40-65kPa.These gasoline contain the alkene of 1-30% such as 2-25% and the aromatic compound of 2-30% such as 4-25% usually.For the amount of alkene of the preferred 15-25% of RON value of 94-98 such as 94-96 for the preferred 2-15% of RON value of 96-100 such as 96-98 such as the amount of alkene of 2-7%.

Other example of fuel composition of the present invention contains 2 of 8-18%, 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 10-50% such as 25-40%, the mixture of total aromatic compound of 5-40% such as 20-35%, total oxide compound of the total alkene mixture of 15-60 such as 15-30% or 40-60% and 0-15% such as 3-8% or 8-15%.Particularly preferred composition has 2 of 8-18%, 2, the mixture of total mixing element (b) of 3-triptane, 25-40%, total aromatic compound of 20-35% and total alkene of 15-30%, or 8-18% 2,2, the 3-triptane, the mixture of total mixing element (b) of 15-40%, total aromatic compound mixture of 3-25% and total alkene mixture of 40-60%.

The other example of fuel composition contains 2 of 20-40%, 2, the 3-triptane, the mixture of total composition (b) of 8-55% such as 5-25% or 35-55% and 0 or the mixture of total aromatic compound of 5-25% such as 18-25%, 0-55 is total alkene mixture of 10-55 or 40-55% particularly, particularly preferred composition contains 2 of 20-40%, 2, the 3-triptane, the mixture of total composition (b) of 5-25%, the mixture of total aromatic compound of 3-25% and total alkene mixture of 40-60%, or contain 2 of 20-40%, 2, the 3-triptane, the mixture of total composition (b) of 35-55%, the mixture of total aromatic compound of 15-30% and total alkene mixture of 0-15% such as 5-15%, or specifically contain 2 of 20-40%, 2, the 3-triptane, the mixture of total composition (b) of 25-45% or 30-50, the mixture of total aromatic compound of 2-15% and total alkene mixture of 18-35%, the aromatic compound of the alkene of 3-10% or 5-18% and 10-35% such as 10-20% (as 10-18%) particularly.

The example of fuel composition contains 2 of 30-55% such as 40-55%, 2, the mixture of the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 5-30%, total aromatic compound of 0-10%, the alkene mixture of 10-45% and the oxide compound of 0-15%, total oxide compound that particularly has and alkene mixture are 20-45%.Other example of fuel composition contains 2 of 55-70%, 2, the total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 10-45% such as 10-25% or 35-45% and 0-10% are as 0 or the mixture of total aromatic compound of 0.5-5%, with 0-30% as 0 or total alkene mixture of 15-30%, total composition (b) of the triptane of 55-70%, 10-25% particularly, 0 or the mixture of total aromatic compound of 0.5-5% and total alkene mixture of 15-30%.

The more preferred example of fuel composition contains 2 of 15-35% such as 20-35%, 2, the aromatic compound of the alkene of 3-triptane, 0-18.5% such as 2-18.5%, 5-40% such as 5-35%, the saturates of 25-65% and be less than 1% benzene, with 2 of 18-65% such as 40-65%, 2, the aromatic compound of the alkene of 3-triptane, 0-18.5% such as 5-18.5%, 5-42% such as 5-28%, the saturates of 35-55% and be less than 1% benzene.

Another kind of fuel composition can contain 25-40% such as 30-40% as 35% alkylide, 10-25% such as 15-25% as 20% isomerate, 10-25% such as 15-25% as 20% lightweight hydrocrackates and 20-35% such as 20-30% as 25% 2,2, the butane of 3-triptane and optional 0-5%.Preferred this composition is paraffinic hydrocarbons substantially and does not contain alkene and aromatic compound substantially.

Other fuel composition of the present invention can have the anti-knock index (being also referred to as the ROAD index) of different range, and it is the mean value of MON and RON.

For the ROAD index is the composition of 85.5-88.5, can contain 2 of 8-30% such as 15-30%, 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane and 10-50% such as 20-40%, total alkene of 5-30% such as 5-20% and total aromatic compound of 10-40 such as 15-35%, or 8-30% 2,2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 10-50%, the mixture of total aromatic compound of 5-40% such as 20-30% and total alkene mixture of 10-60% such as 30-55%.

For the ROAD index is the composition of 88.5-91.0, can contain 2 of 5-25% (or 5-15%), 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 20-45%, 2 of the total aromatic compound of the total alkene of 0-25% such as 1-10% or 10-25% and 10-35% such as 10-20% or 20-35% or 5-25% (5-15%), 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 20-45%, total alkene mixture of the mixture of total aromatic compound of 0-35% such as 1-15% or 15-35% and 5-65% such as 5-30% or 30-65%.

For the ROAD index is the fuel composition of the present invention of 91.0-94.0, can contain 5-65% such as 5-20,20-30,2 of 30-65 or 40-65%, 2,3-triptane and 5-40% (5-35%) are as the mixture of total composition (b) of 5-12% or 12-40% (12-30%), total aromatic compound of the total alkene of 1-30% such as 1-10% or 10-25% and 5-55% such as 5-15% or 15-35% or 35-55%, or above-mentioned amount 2,2, the total aromatic compound part of 3-triptane and 0-55% such as 0.5-25% such as 10-25% or 25-55% and 0 or total alkene part of 10-60% such as 10-30% or 35-60%.

For the ROAD index is the fuel composition of 94-97.9, can contain 2 of 20-65% such as 40-65%, 2, the 3-triptane, the total olefin of 0-15% such as 5-15%, the mixture of total composition (b) of total aromatic compound of 0-20% such as 5-20% and 5-50% such as 30-50%, or above-mentioned amount 2,2, the alkene part of the mixture of 3-triptane and total composition (b) and the aromatic compound of 0-30% such as 10-30% part and 0-30% such as 5-30%, or above-mentioned amount such as 20-40% 2,2, the 3-triptane, the mixture of total composition (b), the aromatic compound part of total alkene and total aromatic compound and 2-15% and the alkene part of 18-35%.

The present invention can provide has that to be specially 91,95,97,98 and 110 RON value, required high-octane rating level but to have the low emission value in burning (specifically be total at least hydrocarbon, total air Toxic, NO _x, a kind of in carbon monoxide and the carbonic acid gas, particularly total hydrocarbon and NO _xThe two) motor gasoline.Therefore the present invention also provides the compound of formula I (to be specially 2,2, the 3-triptane) MON be at least 80 as 80 in less than 98 unleaded motor gasoline as wherein additive or composition to reduce purposes in aflame emission level, particularly reduce total hydrocarbon, total air Toxic, NO _x, at least a in carbon monoxide and the carbonic acid gas, particularly total hydrocarbon and NO _xEmission level.The present invention also provides the method that reduces exhaust gas emission in MON is at least the burning of 80 unleaded motor gasoline fuel, wherein has the compound of formula I in Fuel Petroleum of the present invention.The present invention also provides and has used white gasoline of the present invention to reduce the application of exhaust gas discharging in spark ignition engine.Though composition of the present invention can use in supercharging or turbosupercharged engine,, but in the air-breathing engine of routine, use preferably not with they such uses.The compound of formula I such as triptane be comparable to have the consumption that the alkylide of similar octane value or aromatic compound and hopcalite reduce one or more above-mentioned emission level better and also reduce fuel usually.

In following embodiment, the present invention is explained.

Embodiment 1-6

In these embodiments, be 99% triptane and various refinery fractions and butane with purity, and optional methyl tertiary butyl ether mix and obtain a series of blended into gasoline thing, be used to prepare unleaded motor gasoline.

By being mixed with phenol antioxidant, each blend prepares allotment gasoline, described antioxidant minimum 55% is 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butyl phenol, minimum 15% is a 4-methyl-2, the 6-di-tert-butylphenol, and all the other are the mixture of monomethyl and dimethyl-tert-butyl phenol.

Test the MON of gasoline of each situation and RON and 37.8 ℃ of their Reid Vapour Pressure, calorific value and their distillation performances down.These results are presented in the table 1.

Table 1

Embodiment	????1	????2	????3	????4	????5	????6
							Form % (volume)
Triptane	????10.0	????50.0	????50.0	????25.0	????25.0	????60.0
							Butane	????10.0	????5.0	????5.0	????5.0	????5.0	????5.0
Mixed fraction (except petroleum naphtha)	????60.0	????30.0	????30.0	????65.0	????50.0	????35.0
The catalytic reforming product	????5.0		????0	????18.1	????0	????1.3
							?HCC	????6.48	????18.62	????17.68	????0	????9.31	????22.73
?LCC	????48.52	????0	????19.05	????46.90	????36.41	????0.00
							?SRG		????11.38	????3.27	????0	????4.28	????10.85
Iso-pentane		????0			????0	????0.12
							Petroleum naphtha	????20.0	????5.0	????5.0	????5.0	????20.0	????0.00
?MTBE		????10.0			????0	??????0
							Analyze % (volume)
Aromatic compound	????14.1	????6.3	????8.5	????19.1	????10.0	????7.9
							Alkene	????23.5	????3.2	????11.7	????21.4	????18.5	????3.8
							Antioxidant mg/L	????15	????15	????15	????15	????15	????15
The distillation ℃
							?T?10％	????43.6	????58.0	????58.4	????51.2	????54.0	????60.0
?T?50％	????89.1	????93.2	????97.1	????85.5	????91.9	????99.2
							?T?90％	???154.0	???177.8	???176.9	???140.4	???159.0	???185.0
Reid Vapour Pressure kPa	????78.1	????46.9	????47.4	????63.9	????57.3	????42.9
							?RON	????95.0	????97.3	????97.0	????97.0	????95.0	????99.4
?MON	????85.9	????97.2	????95.4	????90.0	????89.0	????87.3
							?ROAD	????90.45	????97.25	????96.2	????93.5	????92.0	????93.35

Mixed fraction in last table is meant the blend of refinery fractions, and wherein HCC is the heavy catalytically cracked gasoline, and LCC is that lightweight catalytically cracked gasoline and SRG are straight-run spirit.

Embodiment 7

The combustion characteristic of the gasoline of test implementation example 1-6 also contrasts with the standard white gasoline.The normal benzene with similar ROAD octane value of the ratio of combustion equal volume of the gasoline of embodiment 1-6 has less carbon dioxide emissions.Embodiment 8 and comparative examples A-C

Contrast has the discharge characteristics of a series of Fuel Petroleums when burning of 25% heterogeneity, described composition is a heavy reformate (contrast A), 2,2, the mixture (contrasting C) of 3-triptane (embodiment 8), alkylide (contrast B) and 10% heavy reformate and 15% MTBE.Described Fuel Petroleum and their character are as follows.By adding phenol oxidation inhibitor preparation allotment gasoline as amount and the performance of embodiment 1-7.

Embodiment	????A	????8	????B	????C
					Form
Butane	????3	????3	????3	????3
					Reformate	????22	????22	????22	????22
Alkylide	????40	????40	????65	????40
					????Bisomer(CCS)	????10	????10	????10	????10
The heavy reformate	????25			????10
					Triptane		????25
????????MTBE				????15
					Density kg/L	???0.7623	???0.7163	???0.7191	???0.7424
????????RON	???101.2	???100.2	???98.5	???101.1
					????????MON	????89.4	????93.2	????88.3	????90.2
????????ROAD	????95.3	????96.7	????93.4	????95.65
					The % aromatic compound	????38.9	????13.9	????13.9	????23.9
% alkene	????10.2	????10.2	????10.2	????10.2
					The % saturates	????50.9	????75.9	????75.9	????65.9
% benzene	????0.9	????0.9	????0.9	????0.9

In single cylinder research engine, under being provided with, various engine carries out the test of fuel.Speed/loading capacity is 20/7.2rps/Nm/, or 50/14.3rps/Nm, and LAMBDA is set to 1.01 or 0.95, and igniting is set or optimized.Measure CO, CO in the waste gas ₂, total hydrocarbon, NO _xWith total air Toxic (benzene, divinyl, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde) discharge.The result who derives from different engines settings is average, and by containing 2 of heavy reformate and MTBE (contrast C), 25% alkylide (contrast B) and 25% with relatively demonstrating of basic blend (comparative examples A), 2, the discharge of the composition of 3-triptane (embodiment 8) has reduced, and the degree of variation is as follows.

Table 2

Embodiment	??％CO	??％CO 2	??％THC	??％NO x	??％TAT	??％FC
							Contrast C (MTBE)	??-4.9	??-2.3	??-6.2	??-6.5	??-9.2	??+1.4
Contrast B (alkylide)	??-7.9	??-4.5	??-4.0	??-8.0	??-13.1	??-2.9
							8/2,2, the 3-triptane	??-9.6	??-5.6	??-6.6	??-10.1	??-18.7	??-4.1

Wherein THC is a total hydrocarbon, and TAT is total air Toxic.Fuel consumption (FC) is that unit tests with g/kWhr still, is presented in the table 2 with the relative variation of basic blend.

Embodiment 9-22

Adopt the composition shown in the following table to prepare gasoline as embodiment 1-6, the performance shown in described gasoline has simultaneously.They have provided low Carbon emission.

Embodiment	????9	????10	????11	????12	????13	????14	????15
								Form % (volume)
Triptane	????10.0	????25.0	????60	????10	????18.0	????10.0	????24.0
								Butane	????4.7	????4.7	????4.71	????0	????0	????0	????0
Mixed fraction (except that petroleum naphtha)	????85.3	????70.3	????35.29	????76.21	????73.6	????90.0	????45.4
								The catalytic reforming product	????10.0	????10.0	????0	????21.28	????10.0	????15.3	????25.2
????????CCS	????0	????0	????0	????10	????0	????0	????0
								Steam cracker gasoline	????0	????0	????0	????9.7	????41.1	????48.7	????10.0
????????SRG	????35.3	????35.3	????35.29	????15.72	????22.5	????26.0	????0
								Iso-pentane	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0
Petroleum naphtha	????0	????0	????0	????13.79	????8.4	????0	????30.6
								Ethanol	????0	????0	????0	????5	????0	????0	????0
The heavy reformate	????10	????10	????0	????9.51	????0	????0	????0
								Toluene	????30	????15	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0
Hexanaphthene	????0	????0	????0	????5	????0	????0	????0
								The lightweight hydrocrackates	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0
???C 6?Bisomer	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0	????0	????10.2
								Analyze % (volume)
Aromatic compound	????48.0	????33.0	????1	????31	????23.6	????29.2	????2.2
								Alkene	????0.l	????0.1	????0.1	????6.1	????8.8	????10.4	????12.5
Sulphur % (weight)	????0.000	????0.000			????0.002	????0.001	????0.004
								Benzene	????0.7	????0.7			????0.6	????0.9	????1.0
Antioxidant mg/L	????15	????15	????15	????15	????15	????15	????15
								The distillation ℃
??????T?10％	????58.0	????55.9			????53.6	????51.5	????61.0
								??????T?50％	????95.9	????89.9			????77.0	????77.0	????89.6
??????T90％	????156.6	????157.0			????136.9	????142.6	????140.4
								Reid Vapour Pressure kPa	????51.6	????54.0			????56.9	????60.0	????50.0
????????RON	????97.3	????96.1	????101.4	????96.0	????91.0	????92.0	????91.0
								????????MON	????88.1	????87.8	????88.8	????83.8	????81.6	????81.8	????82.0
????????ROAD	????92.7	????91.9	????95.1	????89.9	????86.3	????86.9	????86.5

Embodiment	????16	????17	????18	????19	????20	????21	????22	????23
									Form % (volume)
Triptane	????10	????25	????60	????10	????25.0	????25.0	????25.0	????25.0 **
									Butane	????2.96	????2.96	????2.96	????0	????3.32	????1.07		????3
Mixed fraction (except that petroleum naphtha)	????87.04	????72.04	????37.04	????76.21	????54.95	????65.42	????75.0
									The catalytic reforming product *	????19.78	????4.78		????21.28	????23.42	????8.21	????7.53	????40
CCS	????5	????5	????5	????10
									Steam cracker gasoline *	????47.42	????47.42	????18.0	????9.7		????30.01	????30.00
SRG				????15.72
									Alkylide					????31.53	????27.20	????37.47	????22
Petroleum naphtha				????13.79	????16.73	????8.51
									Ethanol				????5
The heavy reformate				????9.51
									Hexanaphthene	????5	????5	????5	????5
The lightweight hydrocrackates	????7.93	????7.93	????7.93	????0
									C 6?Bisomer	????1.91	????1.91	????1.91	????0				????10
Analyze % (volume)
									Aromatic compound	????32.1	????23	????8	????31	????16.4	????16.8	????15.6	????25.5
Alkene	????14	????13.9	????7.3	????6.1	????0.2	????7.8	????7.8	????10.2
									Benzene					????1.0	????0.5	????0.5	????1.71
Sulphur % (weight)					????0.0002	????0.0004	????0.0004	????0.0001
									Antioxidant mg/L	????10	????10	????10	????10	????10	????10	????10	????10
Distill %70 ℃					????22.7	????31.2	????30.5	????18.5
									％100℃					????53.3	????60.0	????59.2	????42.5
％150℃					????95.8	????94.9	????95.1	????97.2
									％180℃					????98.7	????98.1	????98.1	????100
Reid Vapour Pressure kPa					????60.0	????55.0	????52.7	????62.2
									RON	????97.3	????98.9	????104.0	????96.0	????98.6	????100.9	????102.9	????102.7
MON	????85.5	????87.2	????93.4	????83.8	????87.5	????87.5	????89.5	????90.5
									ROAD	????91.4	????93.05	????96.7	????89.8	????93.05	????94.2	????96.2	????96.6

^*In embodiment 20-22, use different cuts, as different reformates.

^*In embodiment 23, adopt 2 to replace triptane.Embodiment 24-8 and comparative examples D

As embodiment 8 (except Lamba be set to 1.00 and basic fuel (contrast D) is set to 0.95) obtain a series of burning and exhausting features with Fuel Petroleum of heterogeneity, wherein heterogeneity is a reformate (high aromatic content) (contrast D), 2,2,3-triptane (embodiment 24-27) and 2,2,3-triptane/ethanol (embodiment 28).Fuel consumption also is to be that unit is measured with g/kWhr.By adding phenolic antioxidant preparation allotment gasoline as amount and the performance of embodiment 1-7.Show in described composition such as the table 3.Show in the table 4 and the result of embodiment D contrast in discharge or the variation of the percentage ratio on fuel consumption.

Table 3

Embodiment	????24	????25	????26	????27	????28	????D
							Form % (volume)
Triptane	????40	????10	????25	????60	????10
							Butane	????2.96	????2.96	????2.96	????2.96		????2.96
Mixed fraction (except that petroleum naphtha)		???87.04	????72.04	????37.04
							The catalytic reforming product *		????19.78	????4.78		????21.28	????25.25
CCS	????5	????5	????5	????5	????10	????5
							Steam cracker gasoline *	????37.2	????47.42	????47.42	????17.2	????9.7	????47.42
SRG					????15.72
							Toluene						????4.53
Petroleum naphtha					????13.79
							Ethanol					????5
The heavy reformate					????9.51
							Hexanaphthene	????5	????5	????5	????5	????5	????5
The lightweight hydrocrackates *	????7.93	????7.93	????7.93	????7.93		????7.93
							C 6?Bisomer *	????1.91	????1.91	????1.91	????1.91		????1.91
Analyze % (volume)
							Aromatic compound	????15.0	????31.2	????21.7	????7.8	????31.1	????39.2
Alkene	????13.4	????16.2	????16.1	????8.3	????6.5	????16.2
							Sulphur % (weight)	????0.007	????0.007	????0.007	????0.007	????0.012	????0.007
Antioxidant mg/L	????10	????10	????10	????10	????10	????10
							Distillation ℃ %
T10％
							T50％
T90％
							Reid Vapour Pressure kPa
RON	????98.7	????96.8	????97.5	????101.0	????93.2	????96.6
							MON	????86.1	????82.8	????83.7	????89.6	????82.4	????82.5
ROAD	????92.4	????89.8	????90.6	????95.3	????88.1	????89.55

^*Expression contrasts with embodiment in other is shown and has used different cuts, as different raffinates.

Table 4

Embodiment	??％CO	??％CO 2	??％THC	??％NO x	??％TAT	The % fuel composition
							????25	????-3.3	????-2.1	????-4.7	????-4.0	????-5.0	????-1.4
????26	????-8.6	????-3.8	????-8.7	????-7.0	????-19.1	????-2.5
							????27	????-17.4	????-6.8	????-10.5	????-18.0	????-35.3	????-4.5
????24	????-14.9	????-5.0	????-7.9	????-12.2	????-28.7	????-3.4
							????28	????-11.7	????-2.2	????-3.2	????-10.3	????-10.1	????+0.1

Table 5

Embodiment	????F.G	????29
			Form % (volume)
Triptane		????25
			Butane	????0.75	????0
Mixed fraction (except that petroleum naphtha)
			The catalytic reforming product *	????11.0	????7.5
Steam cracker gasoline *	????31.5	????30.0
			Alkylide	????40.9	????37.5
Toluene	????15.8	????0
			Analyze % (volume)
Aromatic compound	????34.2	????15.6
			Alkene	????82	????78
Saturates	????57.6	????76.6
			Sulphur ppm	????7.3	????10
Benzene % (weight)	????0.75	????0.64
			Antioxidant mg/L	????10	????10
70 ℃ of distillation % evaporations	????18.8	????21.6
			??E％100℃	????44.4	????64.5
??E％150℃	????92.8	????93.3
			??E％180℃	????96.4	????98
Reid Vapour Pressure kPa	????56.8	????52.2
			??RON	????99.5	????99.7
??MON	????87.6	????89.3
			??ROAD	????93.05	????94.5

Embodiment 29 and comparative examples F, G

Contrast the discharge that 3 kinds of Fuel Petroleums (embodiment 29, F and G) burn and produce in automobile.Described Fuel Petroleum has in the table 5 composition that shows and performance and described allotment gasoline and contains as the antioxidant among the embodiment 1.Described fuel meets the requirement according to the 2005 clean fuel specifications of Directive 98/70 ECAnnexe 3.Used automobile is the regular production model, i.e. 1998 Ford Focus (1800cc), 1996-7VW Golf (1600cc), 1998 VauxhallCorsa (1000cc), 1994-5 Peugeot 106 (1400cc) and 1998 Mitsubishi GDI (1800cc), every kind all is equipped with catalytic converter.Corsa has 3 cylinders, and all the other have 4 cylinders, and 106 have single point injection; Mitsubishi has direct injection, and all the other adopt multi-point injection to their burning.

2 independently basic fuel tests (contrast F and G) have been carried out.According to Directive98/69 EC (its disclosed content is attached to herein by reference), for beginning sampling in the idle running of starting and 11 seconds, the while is tested described discharge 3 times in resistance dynamometer to the European Drive Cycle test modifications described in MVEG testing campaign (EC.15.04+EUDC).The EDC test that surpasses 11km comprises the ECE circulation (city driving test) of repetition 4 times, the countryside that then prolongs driving loop test (reaching the driving of 120km/hr in conjunction with some).The discharge that measurement is come out from engine (being the upper reaches of described catalytic converter), also measure simultaneously tailpipe thing (being the dirty of described convertor) and once sampling p.s. (except Focus), whole test is added up, and the result represents with g discharge/km mileage.Do not measure first ECE round-robin discharge of Focus.Measured discharge is at total hydrocarbon, CO ₂, CO and NO _x, fuel consumption is to measure according to weight.The discharge of these 5 cars and consumption result's geometric mean have been obtained.The value of contrast fuel is also averaged.

In following test, adopt the CO of 5 cars of triptane fuel (embodiment 29) ₂The mean value of discharge is lower than the average result of basic fuel (contrast F, G), and promptly total tailpipe thing has reduced 2.8%, 2.7% and 2.8% respectively in EDC test, EUDC test and ECE test.The mean value of the fuel consumption of 5 cars in same test of employing triptane fuel (embodiment 29) is lower than the average result of basic fuel (contrast F, G), and the minimizing value is respectively 0.6%, 0.6% and 0.5%.THC, CO and NO in the total EDC circulation of at least some parts _xTailpipe thing result demonstrate triptane and have lower discharge than basic fuel, but because the limited in number of the vehicle of test, these difference are difficult to determine.

ECE test simulation city driving also has 4 same repetitions of command speed curve, and this curve has 3 alternately high regime gradually (V-bar is 19km/hr) of 0 velocity shooting.First curve is corresponding to the driving from cold starting.In cold engine, friction, lubrication, especially the influence of fuel performance has beyond thought difference with in thermo-motor those, adopt cold engine to produce more tailpipe thing, this be since when temperature raises catalytic converter improved in the effect of reduction in the discharge.The upper reaches Lambda transmitter control of convertor enters the fuel/air mixture ratio of described engine in addition, but this does not have effect (having caused indefinite fuel/air mixture ratio) in cold engine; Through after the cold starting, described transmitter becomes effectively (causing stable fuel/air mixture to compare) very soon, even also not have enough underground heat at catalyzer also be like this when having an effect.Therefore cold start operation is different with hot operation and produce a large amount of tailpipe things.

Adopt engine emission that above-mentioned fuel (embodiment 29 and contrast F, G) obtains from first curve ECE test (simulation cold starting) the same with tailpipe thing when catalyzer is not had an effect.In those cold starting tests, for CO ₂, HC, CO and NO _xShow 2 in the average test result of Golf, Corsa, Peugeot and Mitsubishi and in the average test result of Golf, Corsa and Peugeot, 2, the 3-triptane has lower discharge than basic fuel, but because the limited in number of the vehicle of test, these difference are difficult to determine.

Above-mentioned mimic cold-start phase is answered a corresponding real-life for some time or a segment distance, it can be how to drive and/or drive under what kind of condition according to described automobile, as height to 1km or 4 or 2min, or the temperature height to 50 of engine coolant (as the water temperature of water tank) ℃ etc. and changing.If prestarting 4 hours, be at least and do not use automobile in 6 hours usually, it is cold can be considered this motor car engine.

Therefore MON was at least the method for 80 as 80 exhaust emissions that produce to the burning less than 98 white gasoline fuel when the present invention also provided the cold starting that is reduced in spark ignition engine, was included in the compound that contains the formula I in the Fuel Petroleum of the present invention.

Claims (48)

1. contain and have the unleaded allotment motor gasoline of motor-method octane number (MON) at least 80 basic blend composition, wherein said composition contains: at least a hydrocarbon with following formula I of composition (a) at least 5% (with the volume calculation of total composition):

R-CH ₂-CH (CH ₃)-C (CH ₃) ₂-CH ₃I wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, and at least a saturated liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon and at least a motor gasoline additive with 4 to 12 carbon atoms of composition (b).

2. according to the gasoline of claim 1, wherein said composition has 80 and has 4 to 10 carbon to MON value and described stable hydrocarbon less than 98.

3. according to the gasoline of claim 2, at least 8% triptane and described stable hydrocarbon that this gasoline comprises as composition (a) have 5 to 10 carbon atoms.

4. contain and have the unleaded allotment motor gasoline of motor-method octane number (MON) at least 80 basic blend composition, wherein said composition contains: at least a hydrocarbon with following formula I of composition (a) at least 5% (with the volume calculation of total composition):

R-CH ₂-CH (CH ₃)-C (CH ₃) ₂-CH ₃I wherein R is at least a and at least a motor gasoline additive of hydrogen or methyl and composition (b) isomerate, alkylide, straight-run spirit, lightweight hydrocrackates.

5. according to the gasoline of claim 4, wherein said composition has 80 to less than 98 MON value.

6. according to the gasoline of claim 5, wherein said composition contain at least 8% 2,2, the 3-triptane and wherein composition b be at least a in isomerate, alkylide, aviation alkylate and the straight-run spirit, and contain the saturated liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon of at least a 5-10 of a having carbon atom.

7. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition contains the aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon of at least a 4-6 of a having carbon atom, and described aliphatic hydrocarbon has than the lower boiling point of triptane and is higher than 88 motor-method octane number.

8. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition contains the aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon of at least a 5-10 of a having carbon atom, and described aliphatic hydrocarbon has than the higher boiling point of triptane and is higher than 92 motor-method octane number.

9. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition contains the alkene of at least a alkene for 5-10 carbon atom, and its MON value is 70-90, and its content is 1-30%, preferably 5-20%.

10. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition contains catalytically cracked gasoline, steam cracker gasoline, C ₆Bisomer, catalytic polymer and dimerization oil (dimate) at least a.

11. according to the gasoline of claim 10, wherein said composition contains catalytically cracked gasoline.

12. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition also contains at least a aromatic compound, its MON value is 90-110, and its content is 2-40%, particularly 3-28% (volume).

13. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition also contains catalytic reforming or cracked gasoline.

14. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition also contains at least a oxide compound octane number improver, its MON value is at least 96, and its content is 1-25%.

15. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition is 40-100kPa according to ASTMD323 37.8 ℃ of Reid vapour pressures of measuring down.

16. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition meets following condition:

Atom H:C * [1+oxy] * [(burning net thermal value)/200+ROAD] 〉=y, wherein atom H:C is the mark of the hydrogen in the hydrocarbon and carbon in described composition, oxy is meant the molar fraction (if existing) of oxide compound in described composition, the burning net thermal value obtains the energy that vaporous water and carbonic acid gas discharge for the fuel (gaseous form) of 11b (454g) that burn in oxygen, unit represents [be MJ/kg 430.35 times] with Btu/lb, y is at least 350, be specially the mean value that 350-440 and ROAD are motor-method octane number and research octane number (RON).

17. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition contains 2 of 10-90%, 2, the alkene of the petroleum naphtha of the composition of 3-triptane, 10-80% (b), 0-25%, the butane of 0-15%, 0-20%, the aromatic compound of 3-28% and the oxide compound of 0-25%.

18. according to any one gasoline in the claim of front, wherein said composition contains the aromatic compound of 5-20% and the alkene of 5-18.5%.

19. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16 of front, wherein said composition contains 8-65%, particularly 2 of 15-35%, 2,3-triptane, 0.1-30% such as 2-25%, particularly the mixture of the composition of the aromatic compound of the alkene of 3-14% and 5-35%, 5-50% (b), be less than 3% oxide compound, be less than 1.5% benzene as 0.1-1%, and the RON that has is that 97-99, MON are that 87-90 and ROAD value are 92-94.5.

20. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition contains 2 of 5-25%, 2, composition (b) and its RON value of the alkene of 3-triptane, 5-15%, the aromatic compound of 15-35% and 40-65% are 94.5-97.5, particularly 2 of 15-25%, 2, composition (b) mixture and its RON value of the alkene of 3-triptane, 7-15%, the aromatic compound of 15-25% and 45-52% are 96.5-97.5.

21. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition contains the refining mixing liquid C of MTBE, 20-80% of butane, the 0-20% of 1-15% ₆-C ₉The petroleum naphtha of fluid (except that petroleum naphtha), 0-25%, the triptane of 15-65%, and the RON that has is that 93-100, MON are 80-98, and RVP is 40-80kPa, and contains the alkene of 1-30% and the aromatic compound of 2-30%.

22. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition contains 2 of 8-18%, 2, the mixture of total aromatic compound of mixture, 5-40% such as the 20-35% of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 10-50% such as 25-40%, total alkene mixture of 15-30% and total oxide compound of 0-15%.

23. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition contains 2 of 20-40%, 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 8-55%, the mixture of total aromatic compound of 5-25% and total alkene mixture of 10-55%.

24. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition contains 2 of 40-55%, 2, the mixture of the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 5-30%, total aromatic compound of 0-10%, the alkene mixture of 10-45% and the oxide compound of 0-15%, the summation of oxide compound (if there is) and alkene mixture is 20-45%.

25. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition contains 2 of 55-70%, 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 10-45% and total aromatic compound of 0-10%, and total alkene mixture of 0-30%, total composition (b) of the triptane of 55-70%, 10-25%, 0 or the mixture of total aromatic compound of 0.5-5% and total alkene mixture of 15-30% particularly.

26. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition has the ROAD index for MON and RON mean value of 85.5-88.5, described composition contains 2 of 8-30%, 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane and 10-50%, total alkene of 5-30% and total aromatic compound of 10-40%.

27. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition has the ROAD index of 88.5-91.0, and contain 2 of 5-25%, 2, total aromatic compound of the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane, 20-45%, total alkene of 1-25% and 10-35% such as 10-20% or 20-35%.

28. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition has the ROAD index of 91.0-94.0, and contain 2 of 5-65%, 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of 3-triptane and 5-40%, total alkene of 1-30% and total aromatic compound of 5-55%.

29. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition has the ROAD index of 94-97.9, and contain 2 of 20-65%, 2, the mixture of total composition (b) of total alkene of 3-triptane, 5-15%, total aromatic compound of 5-20% and 5-50%.

30. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition contains the saturates of the aromatic compound of alkene, 5-40% of triptane, the 0-18.5% of 15-35% and 25-65% and has and is less than 1% benzene.

31. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-16, wherein said composition contains the triptane of 40-65%, the alkene of 5-18.5%, aromatic compound and the saturates of 35-55% and the benzene that is less than 1% of 5-28%.

32. according to any one gasoline among the claim 1-31, wherein said motor gasoline additive is antioxidant, inhibiter, antiicing additive, engine detergent additive or anti static additive, or their mixture.

33. according to the gasoline of claim 32, wherein said additive is an antioxidant.

34. be the basic blend composition of at least 80 unleaded motor gasoline to have motor-method octane number (MON), include at least a hydrocarbon with following formula I of composition (a) at least 5% (with the volume calculation of total composition):

R-CH ₂-CH (CH ₃)-C (CH ₃) ₂-CH ₃I wherein R is hydrogen or methyl and at least a saturated liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon with 4 to 12 carbon atoms of composition (b).

35. according to the composition of claim 34, said composition has 80 and has 4 to 10 carbon to MON value and described liquid hydrocarbon less than 98.

36. according to the composition of claim 34 or 35, said composition also comprise at least a 5-10 of a having carbon atom alkene, 1-28% aromatic compound or contain and be less than 5% benzene.

37. according to any one composition among the claim 34-36, said composition contains the aromatic compound of described alkene and 1-35%.

38. according to any one composition among the claim 34-37, said composition contains at least 8% triptane, composition (b) contains the hydrocarbon of a described 5-10 carbon atom and the liquefied olefines of 5-10 carbon atom, and optional butane.

39. according to any one composition among the claim 34-38, said composition contains the triptane of 10-40% and at least 5% benzene, and has the Reid vapour pressure that is measured as 30-120kPa according to ASTMD323 under 37.8 ℃.

40. according to any one composition among the claim 34-39, said composition contains at least a in isomerate, alkylide and the straight-run spirit, it contains composition (b).

41. according to any one composition among the claim 34-40, said composition also contains the aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon of an at least a 4-6 carbon, it has under barometric point than the hydrocarbon of formula I low 30 ℃ boiling point at least.

42. according to any one composition among the claim 34-41, any one defines among described composition such as the claim 1-33.

43. reduce the method that is at least exhaust emissions in the burning of 80 unleaded motor gasoline at MON, be included in the compound that exists in any one Fuel Petroleum required for protection among the claim 1-33 as the defined formula I of claim 1.

44. the compound R-CH of formula I ₂CH (CH ₃)-C (CH ₃) ₂-CH ₃(wherein R is hydrogen or methyl) is applied in any one MON required for protection among the claim 1-31 and is at least in 80 the unleaded motor gasoline to reduce their levels in aflame exhaust emissions.

45. any one white gasoline required for protection is applied in the spark ignition engine to reduce exhaust gas emission among the claim 1-33.

46. according to the purposes of claim 44 or 45 to reduce at least a discharge in carbonic acid gas, carbon monoxide, oxynitride, total toxic gas and the total hydrocarbon.

47. according to the purposes of claim 46, to reduce Carbon emission.

48. according to any one method or purposes among the claim 43-47, so that in the cold starting of spark ignition engine, reduce discharge.