CN1283248C - 包含埃坡霉素的组合及其药学应用 - Google Patents
包含埃坡霉素的组合及其药学应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1283248C CN1283248C CNB028144147A CN02814414A CN1283248C CN 1283248 C CN1283248 C CN 1283248C CN B028144147 A CNB028144147 A CN B028144147A CN 02814414 A CN02814414 A CN 02814414A CN 1283248 C CN1283248 C CN 1283248C
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种组合,其包含用同时、单独或相继使用的(a)二膦酸盐、铂化合物或血管抑制剂化合物和(b)式I的埃坡霉素衍生物和任选地至少一种可药用载体,其中A表示O或NRN,其中RN是氢或低级烷基,R是氢或低级烷基,并且Z是O或价键,其中活性成分(a)和(b)在各种情况中以游离形式或可药用盐的形式存在,其特别是用于延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗,其中所说的增殖性疾病尤其是实体肿瘤疾病;本发明还涉及包含该类组合的药物组合物、商业包装或产品;该类组合在制备用于延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗的药物中的应用以及对温血动物进行治疗的方法。
Description
本发明涉及一种组合,其包含用于同时、单独或相继使用的(a)二膦酸盐、铂化合物或血管抑制剂化合物和(b)式I的埃坡霉素(epothilones)衍生物和任选地至少一种可药用载体,该组合特别是用于延缓增殖性疾病、尤其是实体肿瘤疾病的进程或对其进行治疗;本发明还涉及一种包含该类组合的药物组合物;该类组合在制备用于延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗的药物中的应用;一种包含用于同时、单独或相继使用的联合制剂形式的该类组合的商业包装或产品;和一种对温血动物,尤其是人进行治疗的方法。
尽管Taxol和Taxotere已经广泛用于许多不同类型肿瘤的治疗,但是紫杉烷类物质(taxanes)对患者存活的影响一直很普通,并且仍然不能治愈不可抗拒的大多数转移性肿瘤。紫杉烷治疗有许多显著的副作用,如外周神经病和口腔炎,并且快速形成的耐药性机理严重限制了紫杉烷类物质的效力,其耐药性机理可能涉及微管蛋白突变或起药物外流泵作用的磷糖蛋白表达过度。由于这些限制因素以及在常规的联合治疗中常常观察到的副作用,十分需要开发表现出改善的总体性的新型组合,所说的改善的总体性包括较宽的抗肿瘤活性谱、能有效对抗具有多重耐药性的肿瘤并具有较高的安全性和耐受性。
二膦酸盐的治疗功效已经在骨佩吉特氏疾病、肿瘤诱导的高血钙、骨转移和多发性骨髓瘤的治疗中得到了证明(H.Fleisch,Bisphosphonates inBone Disease.From the Laboratory to the Patient.主编:The ParthenonPublishing Group,纽约/伦敦,1997,68至163页)。
已经由VEGF表达或VEGF活性被抑制的研究获得了“血管内皮生长因子”(VEGF)在体内作为肿瘤血管生成因子角色的直接证据。这是用可抑制VEGF活性的抗体、可抑制信号转导的显性-阴性VEGFR-2突变体、或使用反义-VEGF RNA技术来完成的。在例如WO 98/35958中公开了抑制VEGF酪氨酸激酶的小分子。这些分子中的一种被称为PTK787。
Bollag等人,Cancer Research
55,1995,2325-33第一次对埃坡霉素类物质的微管-稳定作用进行了描述。在WO 99/43320中描述了对于不同类型的肿瘤、尤其是用其它化学疗法、特别是TAXOLTM难以治疗的肿瘤而言的适宜治疗时间表。
本发明涉及一种组合,如联合制剂或药物组合物,其包含用于同时、单独或相继使用的(a)二膦酸盐、铂化合物或血管抑制剂化合物和(b)式I的埃坡霉素衍生物,和任选地至少一种可药用的载体,
其中A表示O或其中RN是氢或低级烷基的NRN,R是氢或低级烷基,并且Z是O或价键,其中活性成分(a)和(b)在各种情况中以游离形式或可药用盐的形式存在。
除非特别说明,否则在本发明公开的内容中被称为“低级”的有机基团和化合物包含不多于7个,优选不多于4个碳原子。
其中A表示O,R是氢并且Z是O的式I化合物被称为埃坡霉素A;其中A表示O,R是甲基并且Z是O的式I化合物被称为埃坡霉素B;其中A表示O,R是氢并且Z是价键的式I化合物被称为埃坡霉素C;其中A表示O,R是甲基并且Z是价键的式I化合物被称为埃坡霉素D。
这里所用的术语“联合制剂”定义的尤其是一种“成套的试剂盒(kit ofparts)”,其指的是如上所定义的组合伴侣(a)和(b)可独立地进行给药或通过使用具有不同数量的组合伴侣(a)和(b)的不同固定组合来进行给药,即可以同时或在不同的时间点进行给药。试剂盒的各部分可以例如同时给药或按时间顺序交错给药,即成套的试剂盒的任何部分可以在不同的时间点以相同或不同的时间间隔进行给药。特别优选所选择的时间间隔可以使各部分的联合应用对所治疗疾病的效果大于仅使用该组合伴侣(a)和(b)中的任何一种所获得的效果。在联合制剂中用于进行给药的组合伴侣(a)与组合伴侣(b)的总量的比例可以变化,例如,为了符合所治疗的患者亚人群的需要或单个患者的需要(这些患者由于年龄、性别、体重等的不同而具有不同的需要)而进行变化。优选可以获得至少一种有益效果,例如组合伴侣(a)和(b)的作用相互增强,特别是具有协同作用,例如高于相加的作用、额外增加的有利作用、较少的副作用、在组合伴侣(a)和(b)中的一种或两种的非有效剂量下获得联合治疗效果,并且十分优选组合伴侣(a)和(b)具有强的协同作用。
术语“实体肿瘤疾病”尤其指的是乳癌、卵巢癌、结肠癌和包括胃癌在内的一般胃肠道癌症、宫颈癌、肺癌,例如小细胞肺癌和非-小细胞肺癌、胰腺癌、肾癌、神经胶质瘤、黑素瘤、头和颈部癌症、膀胱癌、肝细胞癌、前列腺癌和卡波济氏肉瘤。用包含铂化合物的组合进行治疗的增殖性疾病优选地是卵巢癌、肺癌、头或颈部癌症、宫颈癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌、乳癌、肾癌、类癌瘤、胃癌或肝细胞癌。用包含二膦酸盐的组合进行治疗的增殖性疾病优选是乳癌、卵巢癌或肺癌。在本发明另一个优选的实施方案中,用包含血管抑制剂化合物、特别是PTK787的本发明的组合进行治疗的增殖性疾病是卵巢癌、乳癌、肺癌、头或颈部癌症、宫颈癌、前列腺癌或结肠癌。
这里所用的术语“增殖性疾病”包括如上所列的实体肿瘤疾病,而且还包括骨佩吉特氏疾病、肿瘤诱导的高血钙、骨转移和多发性骨髓瘤。
术语“与失控的血管生成有关的疾病”尤其涉及由眼睛新血管形成所造成的疾病,尤其是视网膜病,如糖尿病性视网膜病或与年龄有关的黄斑变性、牛皮癣、成血管细胞瘤,如血管瘤、肾小球系膜细胞增殖性病症,如慢性或急性肾病,例如糖尿病性肾病、恶性肾硬化、栓塞性微血管病综合征或移植排斥、或尤其是炎性肾病,如肾小球性肾炎,尤其是肾小球系膜增殖性肾小球性肾炎、溶血-尿毒症综合征、糖尿病性肾病、高血压性肾硬化、粉瘤、动脉再狭窄、自身免疫性疾病、急性炎症、纤维变性性病症(例如肝硬化)、神经变性性病症,并且尤其是增殖性疾病,尤其是包含表达c-kit、KDR或fIt-1的肿瘤的那些增殖性疾病。
这里所用的术语“二膦酸盐”非限制性地包括依替膦酸、氯膦酸、替鲁膦酸、帕米膦酸、阿仑膦酸、伊班膦酸(ibandronic acid)、利塞膦酸和唑来膦酸。“依替膦酸”例如可以以其市售形式给药,例如商标为DIDRONELTM的物质。“氯膦酸”例如可以以其市售形式给药,例如商标为BONEFOSTM的物质。“替鲁膦酸”例如可以以其市售形式给药,例如商标为SKELIDTM的物质。“帕米膦酸”例如可以以其市售形式给药,例如商标为AREDIATM的物质。“阿仑膦酸”例如可以以其市售形式给药,例如商标为FOSAMAXTM的物质。“伊班膦酸”例如可以以其市售形式给药,例如商标为BONDRANATTM的物质。“利塞膦酸”例如可以以其市售形式给药,例如商标为ACTONELTM的物质。“唑来膦酸”例如可以以其市售形式给药,例如商标为ZOMETATM的物质。
这里所用的术语“铂化合物”指的是卡铂、顺铂或奥沙利铂。
这里所用的术语“卡铂”涉及抗肿瘤剂顺式-二氨络(1,1-环丁烷二羧酸)铂(II),其在例如US 4,140,707中或由R.C.Harrison等人在Inorg.Chim.Acta 46,L15(1980)中进行了公开。这种药物例如可以以其市售的形式给药,例如商标为CARBOPLATTM或PARAPLATINTM的物质。
这里所用的术语“奥沙利铂”涉及也被称为oxalatoplatinum的抗肿瘤剂,其在例如US 5,716,988中进行了公开。这种药物例如可以以其在所引用的US专利中所描述的形式来进行给药或可以以其市售形式来进行给药,其市售形式为例如商标为ELOXANTINETM或1-OHPTM的物质。
这里所用的术语“顺铂”涉及也被称为顺式-二胺二氯合铂的抗肿瘤剂,该化合物及其用作抗肿瘤剂的应用在例如DE 2,318,020中进行了公开。
这里所用的术语“血管抑制剂化合物”非限制性地包括可降低VEGF活性的活性成分、金属蛋白酶抑制剂和具有血管抑制剂作用的其它化合物。
可降低VEGF活性的活性成分尤其是选自可以抑制VEGF受体酪氨酸激酶的化合物、可抑制VEGF受体的化合物和与VEGF结合的化合物。可降低VEGF活性的化合物特别是如下化合物、蛋白质和单克隆抗体中的一种:在WO 98/35958(描述了式II的化合物)、WO 00/09495、WO00/27820、WO 00/59509、WO 98/11223、WO 00/27819、WO 01/55114、WO 01/58899和EP 0 769 947中进行了一般和具体的公开的物质,由M.Prewett等人在Cancer Research
59(1999)5209-5218中、F.Yuan等人在Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA,第93卷,14765-14770页,1996年12月中、Z.Zhu等人在Cancer Res.58,1998,3209-3214中、和J.Mordenti等人在Toxicologic Pathology,第27卷,第1期,14-21页,1999中进行了描述的物质,在WO 00/37502和WO 94/10202中进行了一般和具体公开的物质;以及M.S.O’Reilly等人,Cell 79,1994,315-328中描述的物质(AngiostatinTM)和M.S.O’Reilly等人,Cell 88,1997,277-285中描述的物质(EndostatinTM),在各种情况中,特别是这些公开物中的化合物权利要求、工作实施例的药物制剂和最终产品,其主题物质在这里被引入作为参考。这里公开的同样包括相应的立体异构体以及相应的晶体变型,例如溶剂化物和多晶型物。在这里所公开的组合中用作活性成分的化合物可以分别如所引用文件中所描述的那样来进行制备和给药。
这里所用的术语“PTK787”指的是式II的化合物
其中r、n和m分别是0,R1和R2一起形成一种式II*的桥,
A、B、D和E分别是CH,G是亚甲基,X是亚氨基,Y是4-氯苯基,并且用波浪线表示的键是双键,该化合物公开于例如WO 98/35958的实施例38中。优选地,该类化合物以其琥珀酸盐的形式使用。该药物或其盐可以以例如在所引用的PCT专利申请中所公开的形式来进行给药。
这里所定义的“金属蛋白酶抑制剂”是,例如Marimastat(BB-2516)、Prinomastat(AG3340)、Bay 12-9566、BMS-275291、MMI270B和Metastat(NSC 683551)。
这里所定义的术语“具有血管抑制剂作用的其它化合物”特别涉及化合物EMD-121974、阿霉素、紫杉醇、IM-862、Thalidomide、Linomide、PKC412、AGM-1470、苏拉明和戊聚糖多硫酸酯。
其中A表示O或其中RN是氢或低级烷基的NRN,R是氢或低级烷基并且Z是O或价键的式I的埃坡霉素衍生物以及制备该类埃坡霉素衍生物的方法特别是在专利和专利申请WO 93/10121、US 6,194,181、WO98/25929、WO 98/08849、WO 99/43653、WO 98/22461和WO 00/31247中进行了一般和具体的公开,在各种情况中,特别是这些公开物中的化合物权利要求和工作实施例的最终产品、最终产品的主题物质、药物制剂或权利要求在这里被引入作为参考。同样包括这里所公开物质的相应的立体异构体以及相应的晶体变型,例如溶剂化物和多晶型物。式I的埃坡霉素衍生物、尤其是埃坡霉素B可以作为在WO 99/39694中所公开的药物组合物的一部分来给药。
在WO 99/02514的流程图21(31、32页)和实施例3(48-50页)中公开了埃坡霉素B向相应内酰胺的转化。可以类似地将不同于埃坡霉素B的式I化合物转化成相应的内酰胺。可以用本领域公知的方法来制备其中RN是低级烷基的相应的式I的埃坡霉素衍生物,例如从其中RN是氢的埃坡霉素衍生物开始,进行还原烷基化反应。
此外,这里用名字所提及的活性物质的结构可得自标准概述“默克索引(Merck Index)”的现行版本或数据库,例如国际专利申请(例如IMSWorld Publications)。其相应的内容在这里被引入作为参考。在这些参考文献的基础上,本领域任何技术人员都能对其进行制造并用标准的试验模型在体外和体内对其药学适应症和性质进行测试。
用作本文所公开的组合伴侣(a)和(b)的化合物可以分别如所引用的文献中所述的那样来进行制备和给药。
应当清楚的是,在提及组合伴侣(a)和(b)时也包括其可药用的盐。例如,如果这些组合伴侣(a)和(b)具有至少一个碱性中心,则其可形成酸加成盐。如果需要的话,还可以形成具有另外存在的碱性中心的相应的酸加成盐。具有酸性基团(例如COOH)的组合伴侣(a)和(b)也可以与碱形成盐。组合伴侣(a)或(b)或其可药用的盐还可以以水合物或包含结晶用其它溶剂的形式进行应用。
其中的活性成分在各种情况中以游离形式或可药用盐的形式存在的包含(a)二膦酸盐、铂化合物或血管抑制剂化合物和(b)其中的A表示O或其中RN是氢或低级烷基的NRN,R是氢或低级烷基,Z是O或价键的式I的埃坡霉素衍生物,以及任选地至少一种可药用载体的组合在下文中将被称为本发明的组合。
本发明的组合可抑制实体瘤的生长,但是也可以抑制液体瘤的生长。在本发明一个优选的实施方案中,被治疗的疾病是前列腺癌,特别是伴有骨转移的激素难以治疗的前列腺癌。此外,包含血管抑制剂化合物、特别是PTK787的本发明的组合在与失控的血管生成有关的疾病的治疗中表现出有益的作用。
增殖性疾病如实体肿瘤疾病的性质是多因素的。在某些情况中,可将具有不同作用机理的药物进行联合。但是,仅仅考虑具有不同作用方式的药物的组合并不一定能产生具有有利效果的组合。
更令人吃惊的是,实验发现,与仅使用本发明的组合所用的药学活性成分之一的单一治疗相比,本发明的组合的体内给药不仅产生了更有利的、尤其是协同的抗增殖作用(例如延缓了增殖性疾病的进程或改变了肿瘤的体积)和/或更有利的、尤其是协同的预防与骨有关的事件(SRE)的作用,而且还产生了进一步令人吃惊的有益效果,例如减少了副作用并降低了死亡率和发病率。此外,根据肿瘤的类型和所用的特定组合,当在使用单一治疗不能降低肿瘤体积的情况中使用本发明的组合时可以使得肿瘤体积减小。本发明的组合还适用于预防肿瘤的转移性扩散和微小转移瘤的生长或形成。本发明的组合特别适用于预后差的患者的治疗,即特别适用于对于用单一药物或不同于本发明组合的组合进行的初期治疗没有响应或在该初期治疗后复发的该类患者。
另一个益处是可以使用较低剂量的本发明组合的活性成分,例如,所需剂量不仅通常更小,而且还可以以更低的频率进行应用,或者可以用来降低副作用的发生率。这与被治疗患者的希望和要求是一致的。
通过确立的试验模型、特别是本文所公开的试验模型可证实本发明的组合可产生上文所描述的有益作用。相关领域的技术人员完全能选择相关的试验模型来证明该有益作用。例如,本发明的组合的药理学活性可以在临床研究或基本如下文所述的试验操作中得到证明。
适宜的临床研究特别是随机的、双盲、安慰剂对照的平行研究。该类研究特别适于将使用活性成分的单一治疗的作用与使用本发明组合的治疗的作用进行比较,并且尤其能证明本发明的组合中各活性成分的协同作用。可以通过这些研究的结果来直接测定其对增殖性疾病,例如预防有转移性骨疾病史的前列腺癌患者与骨有关的事件(SRE)的有益作用,或通过对该研究方案进行本领域技术人员众所周知的改变来对其进行测定。SRE被定义为病理性骨折事件、脊髓压迫事件、骨的手术、骨的放疗和治疗骨痛的抗肿瘤治疗的改变。优选地,SRE是该类研究的主要终点。此外,在该类研究中,还对其对疼痛得分、止痛剂的使用、行为状态、生活质量得分、骨矿物质密度、骨进展的时间和总体进展的影响进行了评估。
在一个适宜的研究设计方案中,以双盲的方式将患者随机分成每隔三周接受2mg 5-分钟静脉内输注或15-分钟静脉内输注形式的唑来膦酸盐、4mg 5-分钟静脉内输注或15-分钟静脉内输注形式的唑来膦酸盐或5-分钟静脉内输注或15-分钟静脉内输注形式的安慰剂的组,每组还同时施用式I的化合物,例如6个埃坡霉素B循环,其中每个循环包括连续三周每周一次以5分钟推注的形式施用2.5mg/m2至6mg/m2埃坡霉素B,然后休息14天。
在另一个适宜的研究设计方案中,将患者以双盲的方式分成每隔两周以2至6小时输注的形式静脉内施用45mg奥沙利铂/m2体表面积或相应的安慰剂的组,并同时施用式I的化合物,例如6个埃坡霉素B循环,其中每个循环包括连续三周每周一次以5分钟推注的形式施用2.5mg/m2埃坡霉素B,然后休息14天。
在又一个适宜的研究设计方案中,将患者以双盲的方式分成每天接受例如250或500mg PTK787或相应的安慰剂的组,并同时施用式I的化合物,例如6个埃坡霉素B循环,其中每个循环包括连续三周每周一次以5分钟推注的形式施用2.5mg/m2埃坡霉素B,然后休息14天。
在另一个研究方案中,以在5分钟内静脉输注的形式每周给药0.5mg/m2、1.0mg/m2、1.5mg/m2、2.0mg/m2或2.5mg/m2埃坡霉素B并根据标准准则给药顺铂,即每天给药20-100mg/m2体表面积,例如每周30mg/m2。在给药前将顺铂注射液进行稀释并在将埃坡霉素B以一小时静脉输注的形式给药后立即进行给药。一个治疗周期包括将两种药物给药三周然后休息一周。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种药物组合物,其包含对抗增殖性疾病联合治疗有效量的本发明的组合。在该组合物中,组合伴侣(a)和(b)可以以一个联合的单位剂型或两个独立的单位剂型的形式一起给药、相继给药或单独给药。该单位剂型还可以是一种固定的组合。
本发明的药物组合物可以用本身已知的方法来进行制备,并且是那些适于对包括人在内的哺乳动物(温血动物)进行肠道给药如口服或直肠给药和非肠道给药的组合物,其可只包含至少一种治疗有效量的药理学活性的组合伴侣或同时包含一种或多种可药用的载体,尤其是适于肠道给药或非肠道给药用的载体。
该新的药物组合物包含例如约10%至约100%,优选约20%至约60%的活性成分。用于肠道给药或非肠道给药的联合治疗的药物制剂是例如单位剂量形式的药物制剂,如糖衣片、片剂、胶囊或栓剂,以及安瓿剂。如果没有另外说明,则这些制剂都是用本身已知的方法来进行制备的,例如通过常规混合、制粒、包糖衣、溶解或冷冻干燥法来制备的。可以理解,因为可以通过使用多个剂量单位来获得必需的有效量,所以在各剂型的各剂量中所包含的组合伴侣的单位含量本身不需要构成有效量。
在制备口服剂型的组合物时,可以使用任何常用的药用介质,如,例如水、甘醇、油类、醇类、矫味剂、防腐剂、着色剂;或在口服固体制剂例如散剂、胶囊和片剂的情况中可以使用载体如淀粉、糖、微晶纤维素、稀释剂、制粒剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、崩解剂等等,与液体制剂相比,优选使用固体口服制剂。因为易于给药,所以片剂和胶囊代表了最有利的口服单位剂型,在这些剂型中显然要使用固体药用载体。
具体地讲,本发明的组合中的各组合伴侣的治疗有效量可以同时给药或以任何顺序相继给药,并且各组分可以单独给药或以固定的组合给药。例如,本发明的延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗的方法包括(i)施用游离或可药用盐形式的第一种组合伴侣和(ii)施用游离或可药用盐形式的第二种组合伴侣,(i)和(ii)以联合治疗有效量、优选以协同有效量同时进行给药或以任何顺序相继进行给药,例如以与文中所描述的量相一致的日剂量来进行给药。在治疗过程中,本发明的组合的各组合伴侣可以在不同的时间分别给药或以分开的或单一的组合形式同时进行给药。此外,术语“给药”还包括使用在体内可转化成所述组合伴侣的前体药物。因此,本发明应理解为包含同时或交替治疗的所有这些方案并且术语“给药”也具有相应地的解释。
本发明的组合中所用的各组合伴侣的有效剂量可以根据所用的特定化合物或药物组合物、给药方式、所治疗的病症、所治疗病症的严重程度进行变化。因此,应根据许多因素来对本发明的组合的剂量方案进行选择,所述因素包括给药途径以及患者的肾和肝功能。主治医师、临床医师或兽医的普通技术人员可以很容易的决定并开出预防、逆转或阻止病症进展所需的单个活性成分的有效量。最精确地使活性成分的浓度处于有效但无毒的范围内需要以活性成分在靶部位的利用度的动力学为基础。这种动力学包括活性成分的分布、平衡以及消除。
如果该温血动物是人,则在成人患者的情况中,式I化合物的剂量优选在约0.25至75,优选0.5至50,例如2.5mg/m2的范围内,每周给药一次,连续给药二至四周,例如三周,然后接下来的6至8天不进行给药。
埃坡霉素B优选以根据式(III)计算出的剂量进行给药
单剂量(mg/m2)=(0.1至y)×N (III)
其中N是治疗之间间隔的星期数并且y是6,其中埃坡霉素B是在前一次治疗后一周至六周的间隔后以多于一个治疗周期来进行给药的。
在本发明一个优选的实施方案中,埃坡霉素B是在前一次治疗后一至六个星期的间隔后,尤其是在一周的间隔后以约0.1至6mg/m2、优选0.1至3mg/m2、例如2.5或3.0mg/m2的剂量进行给药的。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,所说的埃坡霉素B优选每隔18至24天以约0.3至12mg/m2的剂量给药于人。
除非在这里特别说明,否则这里所描述的二膦酸盐可以以如下剂量来进行给药:
阿仑膦酸可以以约5至10mg/天的剂量范围给药于人。
氯膦酸可以以约750至1500mg/天的剂量范围给药于人。
依替膦酸可以以约200至400mg/天的剂量范围给药于人。
伊班膦酸可以以每隔三至四周约1至4mg的剂量范围给药于人。
利塞膦酸可以以约20至30mg/天的剂量范围给药于人。
帕米膦酸可以以每隔三至四周约15至90mg的剂量范围给药于人。
替鲁膦酸可以以约200至400mg/天的剂量范围给药于人。
唑来膦酸可以以每隔三周静脉内输注约2至10mg,尤其是4或8mg的剂量范围给药于人。
卡铂可以约每隔四至六周以约100至400,例如200mg/m2体表面积的剂量范围静脉给药于人。
奥沙利铂可以约每隔两至三周以约25至135,例如45或85mg/m2体表面积的剂量范围静脉给药于人。
顺铂可以约每隔三周以约25至100mg/m2体表面积的剂量范围给药于人。
如果该温血动物是人,则PTK787的剂量优选为约50至1500,更优选为约100至750,并且最优选为250至500mg/天。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,本发明的组合包含选自依替膦酸、氯膦酸、替鲁膦酸、帕米膦酸、阿仑膦酸、伊班膦酸、利塞膦酸和最优选的唑来膦酸的二膦酸盐。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,本发明的组合包含顺铂、奥沙利铂或卡铂。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,本发明的组合包含式II的血管抑制剂其中r是0至2,n是0至2,m是0至4,
R1和R2(i)是低级烷基或
(ii)合在一起形成式II*的桥
该连接通过两个末端碳原子来完成,或
(iii)合在一起形成式II**的桥
其中环成员T1、T2、T3和T4中的一个或两个是氮,并且其它成员在各种情况中是CH,并且连接是通过T1和T4完成的;
A、B、D和E彼此独立地是N或CH,条件是这些基团中最多有2个是N;
G是低级亚烷基、被酰氧基或羟基取代的低级亚烷基、-CH2-O-、-CH2-S-、-CH2-NH-、氧杂(-O-)、硫杂(-S-)或亚氨基(-NH-);
Q是低级烷基;
R是H或低级烷基;
X是亚氨基、氧杂或硫杂;
Y是未被取代或取代的芳基、吡啶基、或未被取代或取代的环烷基;且Z是氨基、单-或二取代的氨基、卤素、烷基、取代的烷基、羟基、醚化或酯化的羟基、硝基、氰基、羧基、酯化的羧基、烷酰基、氨基甲酰基、N-单-或N,N-二取代的氨基甲酰基、脒基、胍基、巯基、磺基、苯硫基、苯基-低级烷硫基、烷基苯硫基、苯基磺酰基、苯基-低级烷基亚磺酰基或烷基苯基亚磺酰基,如果存在1个以上的基团Z,则取代基Z可以彼此相同或不同;
并且如果存在时,其中用波浪线表征的键是单键或双键;
或所定义化合物的N-氧化物,其中有1或多个N原子带有氧原子,
或具有至少一个成盐基团的该类化合物的盐。优选地,所使用的式II化合物是PTK787。
用于式II化合物的定义的术语具有WO98/35958中所定义的含义,其定义在这里被引入作为参考。
在式I的化合物中,A优选表示O。R是低级烷基,例如乙基,或最优选地是甲基。Z优选是O。
本发明的组合可以是一种联合制剂或药物组合物。
此外,本发明还涉及一种治疗患有增殖性疾病、特别是前列腺癌、尤其是伴有骨转移的用激素难以治疗的前列腺癌的温血动物的方法,该方法包括,以对抗增殖性疾病联合治疗有效量向所述动物施用本发明的组合,并且其中的组合伴侣还可以以其可药用盐的形式存在。
此外,本发明还涉及本发明的组合用于延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗的用途以及在制备用于延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗的药物中的应用。
此外,本发明还涉及二膦酸盐、铂化合物或血管抑制剂化合物与其中的A表示O或其中RN是氢或低级烷基的NRN,R是氢或低级烷基,并且Z是O或价键的式I的埃坡霉素衍生物联合在制备用于延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗的药物中的应用。
此外,本发明还提供了一种商业包装,其包含作为活性成分的本发明的组合,以及在延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗时同时、单独或相继使用该组合的说明。
下面的实施例对上面所描述的本发明进行了描述,但是,其并不是要对本发明的范围进行任何限制。也可以用相关领域技术人员公知的其它试验模型来测定本发明组合的有益作用。
实施例1:PC-3MM2人前列腺癌细胞在裸鼠胫骨内的生长
将人前列腺癌细胞系PC-3MM2的细胞混悬液(2×105个细胞)注射到裸鼠的胫骨内。肿瘤在这种模型中的生长可导致骨破坏,其在4周后可清楚地看到。在注射肿瘤细胞后7天开始用化合物进行治疗。此时,根据肿瘤大小的等效均值和范围将动物分组。然后随机对不同的组进行治疗,并且分别用如下物质进行治疗:仅用赋形剂;用(a)二膦酸盐、例如唑来膦酸;组合伴侣(b)、例如埃坡霉素B;或联用的伴侣(a)和(b)、例如唑来膦酸和埃坡霉素B。治疗3-4周后进行的分析包括对骨破坏和肿瘤负荷进行评估。
实施例2:二膦酸盐和埃坡霉素对在裸鼠皮下生长的DU145人前列腺癌肿瘤碎块的影响
使DU145人前列腺癌肿瘤在裸鼠皮下生长。将肿瘤碎块(每块约25mg)皮下(s.c.)植入到裸鼠的左侧胁腹。当肿瘤达到80-100mm2的大小后(通常在10-15天后)开始用化合物进行治疗。此时,根据肿瘤大小的等效均值和范围将动物分组。然后随机对不同的组进行治疗,并且分别用如下物质进行治疗:仅用赋形剂;用(a)二膦酸盐、例如唑来膦酸;组合伴侣(b)、例如埃坡霉素B;或联用的组合伴侣(a)和(b)、例如唑来膦酸和埃坡霉素B。每隔3-5天对肿瘤大小(用卡钳进行测量)和体重进行评估。
实施例3:奥沙利铂和埃坡霉素B对在裸鼠皮下生长的DU145人前列腺癌肿瘤碎块的影响
使DU145人前列腺癌肿瘤在裸鼠皮下生长。将肿瘤碎块(每块约25mg)皮下(s.c.)植入到裸鼠的左侧胁腹。当肿瘤达到80-100mm2的大小后(通常在10-15天后)开始用化合物进行治疗。此时,根据肿瘤大小的等效均值和范围将动物分组。然后随机对不同的组进行治疗,并且分别用如下物质进行治疗:仅用赋形剂;用(a)奥沙利铂;(b)埃坡霉素B;或同时或以任何次序相继给药的组合伴侣(a)和(b)。每隔3-5天对肿瘤大小(用卡钳进行测量)和体重进行评估。
实施例4:卡铂和埃坡霉素B对在裸鼠皮下生长的NCI-H596人肺癌肿瘤碎块的影响
用与实施例3所用模型相同但只是使用肺肿瘤细胞系NCI-H596的模型可证明与单一药物相比而言由卡铂和埃坡霉素B所组成的组合的杰出功效。
实施例5:PTK787和埃坡霉素B对在裸鼠皮下异种移植的DU145人前列腺癌的影响
使DU145人前列腺癌细胞在裸鼠皮下生长。将肿瘤细胞(106)皮下(s.c.)注射到裸鼠的右侧胁腹。在25-32天后当肿瘤达到80-100mm2的大小时开时用化合物进行治疗。此时,根据肿瘤大小的等效均值和范围将动物分组。然后随机对不同的组进行治疗,并且分别用如下物质进行治疗:仅用赋形剂;用2mg/kg埃坡霉素B,每周静脉内给药一次;50mg/kg PTK787,每天口服给药一次;或联用的组合伴侣埃坡霉素B和PTK787。每周一次用卡钳对肿瘤大小和体重变化进行测量。结果显示出加合的肿瘤生长抑制并且没有伴随的体重降低的增加。
实施例6:埃坡霉素B和PTK787对在黑色小鼠中的B16同系小鼠黑素瘤皮下异种皮移植物的影响
将B16小鼠黑素瘤细胞(5×104)皮下(s.c.)注射到黑色小鼠的耳朵内。7天后开始用化合物进行治疗。此时,根据肿瘤大小的等效均值和范围将动物分组。然后随机对不同的组进行治疗,并且分别用如下物质进行治疗:仅用赋形剂;每周一次地静脉内给予埃坡霉素B;每天一次地口服PTK787;或联用的组合伴侣埃坡霉素B和PTK787。每周一次用计算机辅助的对黑素瘤的照相分析来对原发的肿瘤生长进行监测。在开始治疗后3周将动物进行尸体剖检。通过颈淋巴结的重量来对转移扩散进行评估。
Claims (10)
1.用于延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗的组合,其包含用于同时、单独或相继使用的(a)选自PTK787和PKC412的血管抑制剂化合物和(b)式I的埃坡霉素衍生物,和任选地至少一种可药用的载体
其中A表示O或NRN,其中RN是氢或低级烷基,R是氢或低级烷基,并且Z是O或价键,
其中活性成分(a)和(b)在各种情况中以游离形式或可药用盐的形式存在。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合,其中所说的血管抑制剂化合物是PTK787。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的组合,其包含其中A表示O,R是低级烷基或氢并且Z是O或价键的式I的埃坡霉素衍生物。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的组合,其是一种联合制剂或药物组合物。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合,其中使用PTK787并且所说的增殖性疾病是卵巢癌、肺癌、头或颈部癌症、宫颈癌、前列腺癌或结肠癌。
6.一种药物组合物,其包含对抗增殖性疾病联合治疗有效量的如权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的药物组合和至少一种可药用的载体。
7.权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的组合在制备用于延缓增殖性疾病的进程或对其进行治疗的药物中的应用。
9.如权利要求8所述的药物组合物,其中所说的血管抑制剂化合物是PTK787。
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