CN1281801C - 具有高可见度的织物面 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种具有至少一个高可见度表面的织物面。这种织物面由至少三种纱或纤维织成:抑燃纱或纤维、耐热纱或纤维及高可见度的纱或纤维。这种织物面具有极好的耐热和防火性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有高可见度的织物面的技术领域。本发明尤其涉及一种可以用于制作具有高可见度的耐热防火服装的纺织品。
背景技术
在某些工业领域,工人可能暴露于热环境或火焰环境中。因此,他们必须穿戴由专用织物面制作的防护服。防护服要符合用于确保防护极限的标准,尤其是EN531标准。
另一方面,有时要求服装具有高可见度,以显示工人的在场。因此,目前有一些黄色荧光织物、橙色荧光织物和红色荧光织物。使用不同颜色的服装,可以作出有区别的标记,例如,可以区别工地或工作区域的多个班组。
已知的是,黄色纱和橙色纱纺织后可以获得足够的可见度。可见度标准例如在EN471标准中加以确定。
在很多活动场所,工人必须穿戴既防火又具有高可见度的服装。为此,已知的是符合高可见度标准和防火标准的黄色织物。这些织物由含有黄色颜料的具有固有耐热性能的纱纺织而成。这些织物染色的稳定性不太好。
该解决方案不适合于获得具有高可见度并具有防火性能的橙色织物。因为人们还未发现具有足够防火性能的橙色纱。
需要指出的是,制作具有高可见度、染色稳定性良好且具有防火作用的尤其是橙色防护服的问题是没有解决方案的。
发明内容
本发明旨在提出一种该问题的解决方案,并提出具有高可见度且具有防火性能的新型织物面、尤其是新型黄色织物面。
为此,本发明提出一种具有至少一个高可见度表面的织物面,其表面的色彩坐标和亮度系数的选则如下:
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.610;0.390)、(0.544;0.376)、(0.579;0.341)、(0.655;0.344)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.40。这涉及橙色荧光的颜色;
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.387;0.610)、(0.356;0.494)、(0.398;0.452)、(0.460;0.540)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.76。这涉及黄色荧光的颜色。
其特征在于,这种织物面由至少三种纱或纤维获得:
纱或纤维A:耐热纱或纤维,
纱或纤维B:遇火时可以排出气体的抑燃纱或纤维,
纱或纤维C:具有下述光学特性的纱或纤维,即仅由该光学特性的纱或纤维所织成的织物要具有如下选择的色彩坐标和亮度系数:
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.610;0.390)、(0.544;0.376)、(0.579;0.341)、(0.655;0.344)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.40;
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.387;0.610)、(0.356;0.494)、(0.398;0.452)、(0.460;0.540)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.76。
织物面具有至少一个高可见度的黄色或橙色表面。高可见度的特征在于,色彩坐标和亮度系数符合EN471标准。色彩坐标和亮度系数的检测方法在CIE 15:2:1968标准中有明确规定。
织物面由多种纱或纤维、如纱或纤维A、B、C获得。如果一种纱或一种纤维同时具有纱或纤维A和B的特性,那么,它属于两种中的任一种。
织物面例如纺织或针织而成,具有的结构是例如纱或纤维C处于高可见度表面上。根据优选实施例,纱或纤维A沿两个不同的方向、例如两个纺织方向布置在织物面上。
所谓纱,可以理解为一种从单一类型的多个纤维或者从一种由多个纤维混合而成的纤维、例如由纤维A和B密切混合而成的纤维或纤维A或B与其它纤维混合而成的纤维制成的具有多个连续纤维的连续多纤维纱。也可以理解为一种由多个纱结合而成的连续纱。
纱或纤维A具有耐热性能。这种纱或纤维短时间内暴露于火中(约3至4秒)之后,其收缩和机械性能的损耗是有限的。作为实例,可以是以芳族聚酰胺(aramides)为主的纱或纤维,如聚酰胺-酰亚胺(polyamide-imide)、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(polyparaphénylène téréphtalamide)、聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺(polymétaphénylène isophtalamide)、聚酰亚胺(polyimides)、聚苯并咪唑(polybenzimidazole)(PBI)、聚对苯二甲酰-2,6-苯并双唑(polyparaphénylène-2,6-benzobisoxazole)(PBO)。纱A可以由一种混合物纤维即密切混合纤维或心/皮混合纤维(夹心纤维纱)构成。例如,可以是一种聚酰胺-酰亚胺纤维和耐火粘胶纤维的混合物,可选择地加入聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维。纱也可以由聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺纤维、或者是这些纤维尤其与聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维的混合物构成。
纱或纤维B是抑燃性纱或纤维,在其燃烧时排出气体。排出的气体最好是不同于氧气的气体。这些纱或纤维抑制相邻的纱或纤维燃烧。气体排出通常来自于构成纱或纤维的材料的分解。也可以来自于一种添加剂或浆料。作为例子,抑燃纤维可以是变性聚丙烯腈纤维和预氧化聚丙烯腈(PPAN)纤维。可以使用混合纱,这种混合纱包括至少两种捻纱、一种耐热纱和一种具有多个单种或混合抑燃纤维的纱。也可以使用一种具有多个单种或混合抑燃纤维的非捻纱。
作为例子,可以使用下述排出气体的纱:
-具有变性聚丙烯腈纤维或PPAN纤维的纱;
-具有密切混合纤维的纱,这些纤维包括变性聚丙烯腈纤维或PPAN纤维和例如选自下列的耐热纤维:芳族聚酰胺、聚苯并咪唑、PBO、苯酚树脂纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、蜜胺纤维;
-捻纱,含有一种包括单种或混合的耐热纤维的纱、以及具有上述纤维的一种纱。
作为例子,含有变性聚丙烯腈纤维的纤维纱是Kaneka公司生产的Protex M或S纤维、Lufnen VF1和VE1纤维、Super Valzer纤维。
纱或纤维B最好具有一个大于30%的氧气极限指数。
纱或纤维C是橙色或黄色纱或纤维,具有光学特性,例如,仅由这些纱或纤维织成的织物具有选则如下的色彩坐标和亮度系数:
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.610;0.390)、(0.544;0.376)、(0.579;0.341)、(0.655;0.344)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.40。这涉及橙色荧光颜色的纱或纤维。
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.387;0.610)、(0.356;0.494)、(0.398;0.452)、(0.460;0.540)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.76。这涉及黄色荧光颜色的纱或纤维。
例如可以是以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为主的纱或纤维,这种纱或纤维包括纺前加入的颜料,使纱或纤维具有所需的颜色。颜料有利地为橙色。例如可以是Trevira公司生产的Texturgarn Typ 501V橙色纱。
根据本发明实施例,织物面由至少三个组的纱织成。这些纱组至少部分地限定织物面的结构。每个纱组可以包括不同型号的纱或纤维。
第一纱组称为上层纱组。这个纱组构成高可见度表面上的经纱或纬纱。这个纱组包括纱或纤维C,也可以包括纱或纤维A和/或B。
第二纱组称为下层纱组。这个纱组由与上层纱相平行的纱构成。下层纱不出现在高可见度的表面上。
第三种类称为横向纱种类。这个纱组由与下层纱相垂直的纱构成。这个纱组至少与下层纱一起纺织,也可以与其它种类的纱、例如与上层纱组的纱或者不同于上层纱组和下层纱组的其它组的纤维系列一起纺织。
根据优选实施例,下层纱组和横向纱组中的至少一个组包括纱或纤维B,下层纱组和横向纱组都包括纱或纤维A。因此,根据上述实施例,这些纱组之一同时包括纱或纤维A和纱或纤维B。这可以是一种由纤维A和纤维B构成的纱。这个纱组例如可以由纤维A和B密切混合的纱构成。根据优选实施例,横向纱组由纤维A和B密切混纺的纱构成,下层纱组由单独或混合的耐热纤维获得的纱构成,例如与其它纤维的密切混合。这些纱例如可以是芳族聚酰胺纤维和以粘胶纤维为主的耐火纤维密切混合而成的纱。
织物面例如可以通过双经或双纬编织而成。这些结构是已知的。对于双经编织来说,上层纱组构成上层经纱,下层纱组构成下层经纱,横向纱组构成纬纱。对于双纬编织来说,上层纱组构成上层纬纱,下层纱组构成下层纬纱,横向纱组构成经纱。
在构成双经编织和双纬编织的实施例中,下层纱组不出现在高可见度的表面上。在织物面的另一表面不出现上层纱组。两个表面分别由横向纱分别与上层纱和下层纱编织而成。织物组织可以是平纹组织、缎纹组织、斜纹组织等变化组织。优选的织物组织是双经或双纬的4斜纹组织。
纱或纤维A在织物面中的重量比例最好大于35%。纱或纤维C、例如以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为主的纤维的重量比例最好小于50%,更好的是小于30%。纱或纤维B与例如以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为主的纱或纤维C的重量比最好在25/75和75/25之间。
根据本发明的实施例,横向纱组中的所有纱是由一种纱A和一种纱B组合而成,或者由纤维A和纤维B密切混合而成。
根据优选实施例,下层纱组中的所有纱是纱A。
上层纱组中的纱最好覆盖至少70%的织物面的上表面。
具体实施方式
参照图1和下述非限制性实施例,本发明的其它特征和优越性将得到更好地理解。
图1示出本发明一个非限制性实施例的织物结构示意图。
在4斜纹组织的基础上,根据双经织造法织造一个织物。使用的纱如下:
-上层经纱(1):以聚酯为主的纱,染成橙色荧光,Trevira公司销售的Textilgarn Typ 501 V dtex 167/48*1;
-下层经纱(2):由芳族聚酰胺(聚酰胺-酰亚胺)/粘胶纤维以70/30的重量比密切混合而成的纤维纱;
-纬纱(3):由芳族聚酰胺(聚酰胺-酰亚胺)/PROTEX(KANECA公司销售的抑燃纤维)以70/30的重量比密切混合而成的纤维纱。
图1示出织物结构的示意图。
织物经过由EN471和EN531标准确定的测试,符合这些标准,分类为EN531标准的A、B1、C1、E1。
Claims (10)
1.一种具有至少一个高可见度表面的织物面,其表面的色彩坐标和亮度系数的选择如下:
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.610;0.390)、(0.544;0.376)、(0.579;0.341)、(0.655;0.344)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.40,
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.387;0.610)、(0.356;0.494)、(0.398;0.452)、(0.460;0.540)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.76,
其特征在于,这种织物面由至少三种纱或纤维获得:
纱或纤维A:耐热纱或纤维,
纱或纤维B:遇火时可以排出气体的抑燃纱或纤维,
纱或纤维C:具有下述光学特性的纱或纤维,即仅由该光学特性的纱或纤维所织成的织物要具有如下选择的色彩坐标和亮度系数:
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.610;0.390)、(0.544;0.376)、(0.579;0.341)、(0.655;0.344)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.40,
-包括在由坐标对(X;Y)(0.387;0.610)、(0.356;0.494)、(0.398;0.452)、(0.460;0.540)确定的椭圆中的色彩坐标,亮度系数β大于0.76。
2.根据权利要求1所述的织物面,其特征在于,它由至少三个组的纱织成:
上层纱组,充当高可见度表面上的经纱或纬纱,
下层纱组,与上层纱组的纱相平行,不出现在高可见度的表面上,
横向纱组,与下层纱组的纱相垂直,至少与下层纱组的纱一起纺织,
-下层纱组和横向纱组中的至少一个纱组包括纱或纤维B,
-横向纱组和下层纱组包括纱或纤维A,
-上层纱组包括纱或纤维C,并且可选地包括纱或纤维A或B。
3.根据权利要求2所述的织物面,其特征在于,它通过双经或双纬编织而成,上层纱组充当双经织物的上层经纱或双纬织物的上层纬纱,下层纱组充当双经织物的下层经纱或双纬织物的下层纬纱,横向纱组构成双经织物的纬纱或双纬织物的经纱。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的织物面,其特征在于,下层纱组和横向纱组中至少一个纱组包括由纤维A和纤维B纺成的纱。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的织物面,其特征在于,横向纱组由纤维A和纤维B密切混合而纺成的纱构成,下层纱组由纤维A单独地或与其它纤维混合而纺成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的织物面,其特征在于,纱或纤维B以变性聚丙烯腈纤维或预氧化聚丙烯腈纤维为主。
7.根据权利要求1所述的织物面,其特征在于,纱或纤维A以一种合成材料为主,选自聚酰胺-酰亚胺、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺、聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺、聚苯并咪唑、聚对苯二甲酰-2,6-苯并双噁唑。
8.根据权利要求1所述的织物面,其特征在于,纱或纤维C以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为主,它们具有一种纺前加入的颜料,使之具有所需的颜色。
9.根据权利要求1所述的织物面,其特征在于,纱或纤维C覆盖至少70%的高可见度表面。
10.根据权利要求1所述的织物面,其特征在于,纱或纤维C在织物面中的重量小于35%。
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FR00/14124 | 2000-11-03 | ||
FR0014124A FR2816176B1 (fr) | 2000-11-03 | 2000-11-03 | Surface textile de haute visibilite |
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EP (1) | EP1336001B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3994054B2 (zh) |
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CN (1) | CN1281801C (zh) |
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ITVI20030037A1 (it) * | 2003-02-25 | 2004-08-26 | Q2 Roma Srl | Tessuto ad elevate proprieta' ignifughe. |
FR2854547B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-06 | 2005-08-05 | Kermel | Surface textile utilisable pour la realisation de vetements de protection, notamment pour sapeurs-pompiers et complexes multicouches comprenant cette surface |
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US20090107575A1 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-04-30 | Yucheng Ma | Mixed Fabric Woven by Untwisted Yarns and Twisted Yarns |
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DE102011102428A1 (de) | 2011-05-24 | 2012-11-29 | Glanzstoff Bohemia S.R.O. | Lumineszierende cellulosische Regeneratfaser und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
DE202012013159U1 (de) * | 2012-01-20 | 2015-05-15 | Lilian Haferkamp | Gestrick sowie Strickmaschine zur Herstellung eines Gestricks |
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