CN1276408A - 用于提高烃混合物品质的催化剂组合物 - Google Patents
用于提高烃混合物品质的催化剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1276408A CN1276408A CN00107033A CN00107033A CN1276408A CN 1276408 A CN1276408 A CN 1276408A CN 00107033 A CN00107033 A CN 00107033A CN 00107033 A CN00107033 A CN 00107033A CN 1276408 A CN1276408 A CN 1276408A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- family metal
- metal
- zeolite
- catalyst composition
- salt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 102000040350 B family Human genes 0.000 claims description 53
- 108091072128 B family Proteins 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001723 mesolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 12
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BMTAFVWTTFSTOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylate Chemical group CCSC(=O)N(CC(C)C)CC(C)C BMTAFVWTTFSTOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 oxyhydroxide Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical group CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017090 AlO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium heptamolybdate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo] QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004231 fluid catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001935 peptisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/12—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/78—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J29/7815—Zeolite Beta
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
- B01J37/033—Using Hydrolysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/036—Precipitation; Co-precipitation to form a gel or a cogel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
- C10G45/08—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
- C10G45/60—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/64—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G49/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00
- C10G49/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00 characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G49/08—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups C10G45/02, C10G45/32, C10G45/44, C10G45/58 or C10G47/00 characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/20—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements in the catalyst composition comprising the molecular sieve, but not specially in or on the molecular sieve itself
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/34—Reaction with organic or organometallic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/42—Addition of matrix or binder particles
-
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种催化剂组合物,它含有β沸石、Ⅷ族金属、ⅥB族金属和非必须的一种或多种作为载体的氧化物。本发明的催化剂体系可用于烃混合物的加氢处理,特别是可用于提高沸程在35—250℃、含有硫杂质的烃混合物的品质过程,即在加氢脱硫的同时进行骨架异构化,并且能降低所述烃混合物中含有的烯烃的加氢程度,整个过程是在一个单一步骤中完成的。
Description
本发明涉及一种催化剂组合物,它含有β沸石、VIII族金属、VI B族金属和非必须的一种或多种氧化物作为载体。本发明的催化剂体系可用于烃混合物的加氢处理,特别是可用于提高含有硫杂质在石脑油范围内沸腾的烃混合物的品质,即在加氢脱硫的同时进行骨架异构化,且能降低所述烃中含有的烯烃的加氢程度,整个过程是在一个单一步骤中完成的。特别地,本催化剂可用于提高烃混合物的品质,该烃混合物可在源于裂化过程的石脑油范围内沸腾,优选的烃混合物的沸点是落在源于FCC催化裂化过程(流化催化裂化)的石脑油范围之内。
可在源于FCC的石脑油范围内沸腾的烃(即汽油馏分)用作汽油的调合组分。为此目的,它们必须要具有高的辛烷值和低的硫含量,以满足日益严格的法规的要求,降低污染物的排放。实际上,汽油混合物中的硫主要(90%)来自源于FCC的汽油馏分。
这种馏分也大量存在于具有高辛烷值的烯烃之中。用来脱硫的加氢过程也会对烯烃进行加氢,其结果是辛烷值(RON和MON)的明显降低。因而,人们意识到必须要寻找一种催化剂体系,它可以降低在石脑油范围内沸腾的烃混合物中的硫含量,同时还可使辛烷值损失(RON和MON)最小化,例如,它可以通过存在烯烃的骨架异构化和/或通过抑制烯烃双键的加氢作用而实现。
具有中孔尺寸的沸石作为异构化催化剂的使用和业已经过脱硫处理原料的随后辛烷值恢复,是公知的技术(US5298150、US5320742、US5326462、US5318690、US5360532、US5500108、US5510016、US5554274、US599439)。在这些已知方法中,为了实现具有低辛烷值损失的加氢脱硫,必须要采用两个步骤进行操作,在第一步骤中使用适合脱硫的催化剂,在第二步骤中使用适合恢复辛烷值的催化剂。
US5378352公开了一种单一步骤对沸点落在汽油范围内的烃馏分进行脱硫处理的方法,是采用一种含有VIII族金属、VI族金属、一种选自ZSM-5、ZSM-11、ZSM-22、ZSM-23、ZSM-35、ZSM-48、ZSM-50、MCM-22和丝光沸石的沸石和作为配体的金属氧化物的催化剂,在一定温度下优选是高于340℃进行的。
某些含有VIII族和VI B族金属、难熔载体和沸石选自ZSM-35、ZSM-5、丝光沸石和八面沸石的催化剂物质,公开在EP442159、EP437877、EP434123中,用于烯烃的异构化和歧化作用;在US4343692中用于加氢脱蜡;在US4519900中用于加氢脱氮,在EP072220中用于包括脱蜡和加氢脱硫二个步骤的过程;在US4959140用于采用二个步骤的加氢裂化过程。
现在,我们惊奇地发现了一种新型的可用于烃混合物加氢处理的催化剂体系,更具体地说,我们发现一种催化剂体系,它可以高转化率地对含有硫和烯烃且在石脑油范围内沸腾的烃混合物进行脱硫处理,并能同时实现存在烯烃的骨架异构化而且烯烃双键的加氢程度低。这种新型催化剂体系在低于优选的那些已知脱硫技术中所采用的温度和压力下也是具有活性的。
骨架异构化和降低的烯烃加氢。都可使得所需要获得的在石脑油范围内沸腾的烃混合物具有非常低的RON(研究法辛烷值)和MON(马达法辛烷值)损失。
本发明的催化剂组合物,不仅可用于在“重石脑油”范围(130-250℃)内沸腾的烃馏分(即含烯烃少的馏分)的脱硫,而且可用于在35-250℃范围内沸腾的“全程石脑油”原料(即富含烯烃馏分的情形)的脱硫。事实上,本发明的催化剂体系具有高的加氢脱硫选择性,它表现为在最终的汽油辛烷值恢复方面具有增加的优点。
因此,本发明的一个目的是涉及一种催化剂组合物,它含有β沸石、VIII族金属、VI B族金属和非必须的一种或多种氧化物作为载体。
β沸石为一种多孔结晶物质,如US3308069所述,它具有对应于下式的氧化物摩尔组成:
[(x/n)M(1±0.1-x)Q]AlO2·ySiO2·wH2O其中,x小于1,优选小于0.75,y变化范围为5-100,w的变化范围为0-4,M为一种选自IA族、IIA族、IIIA族的金属,或者是一种过渡金属,n为M的价态,Q为氢离子、铵离子、一种有机阳离子或其混合。优选的y是大于5但小于50。
按照本发明一个特别优选的方面,β沸石是酸型的,即在这种形式中沸石的阳离子中心通常是被氢离子占据的。特别优选的是阳离子中心的至少80%是由氢离子占据的。
按照本发明的一个方面,如果该催化剂组合物是由β沸石和VIII族金属和VI B族金属所组成的,则所述的沸石优选所占的数量范围在70-90%;如果该催化剂组合物还含有一种或多种氧化物作为载体,则所述的沸石优选所占的数量范围为5-30%,是相对于该催化剂的总重量而言。
用于本发明的催化剂,优选含有钴或镍作为VIII族金属,而VI B族金属优选是选自钼或钨。按照一个特定优选的方面,是采用Co和Mo。VIII族金属的重量百分数优选占催化剂总重量的1-10%,更优选为2-6%;VI B族金属的重量百分数优选占催化剂总重量的4-20%,更优选为7-13%。VI B族金属和VIII族金属的百分数是指以VI B族金属元素和VIII族金属元素表示的金属含量;在最终的催化剂中,VI B族和VIII族的金属是以氧化物形式存在的。按照一个特别优选的方面,VIII族金属与VI B族金属的摩尔之比低于或等于2,优选是低于或等于1。
用作载体的氧化物优选是选自硅、铝、钛、锆及其混合的元素Z的氧化物。该催化剂组合物的载体含有一种或多种氧化物,所采用的氧化物优选为氧化铝或混合有一种选自氧化硅和氧化锆的氧化物的氧化铝。
本发明的催化剂组合物可采用传统的方法进行制备,例如通过采用一种含有VI B族金属盐和VIII族金属盐的溶液浸渍β沸石,干燥再煅烧而制备。这种浸渍方法也可采用一种含有VI B族金属盐的溶液和一种含有VIII族金属盐的溶液进行。
如果催化剂含有一种或多种作为载体的氧化物,它可通过先混合沸石与氧化物,接着经挤出、煅烧、非必须的交换步骤(它可降低钠含量)、干燥、用含有VI B族金属盐的溶液浸渍、干燥、煅烧,再用含有VIII族金属盐的溶液浸渍、干燥并煅烧来制备。
按照本发明的一个特别优选的方面,含有一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物,是采用如下的溶胶-凝胶技术进行制备的:a)制备一种醇分散液,含有一种可溶的VIII族金属盐、β沸石和一种或多种可形成载体氧化物的有机化合物;b)制备一种水溶液,含有一种可溶的VI B族金属盐和非必须的具有分子式R4NOH的氢氧化四烷基铵;c)混合所述的醇分散液和水溶液,得到一种凝胶;d)在10-40℃温度下对凝胶进行老化;e)干燥凝胶;f)煅烧凝胶。
这样所获得的催化剂组合物具有高的表面积(>200m2/g)和高的孔容(>0.5cm3/g),其分布落在中孔隙范围内。
在此制备的步骤a)中,VIII族的金属盐是如硝酸盐、氢氧化物、乙酸盐、草酸盐,优选为硝酸盐。
可形成载体氧化物的有机化合物,是通过水解和随后的凝胶化和煅烧而形成的,优选是相应的醇盐,其中的醇盐取代基具有表示式(R’O)-,其中的R’为具有2-6个碳原子的烷基。醇盐优选是选自硅、铝、钛、锆及其混合的元素Z;特别地,当Z是铝时,它是具有表示式(R’O)3Al的三取代醇盐,其中的R’优选为异丙基或仲丁基;当Z是硅时,它是具有表示式(R’O)4Si的四取代醇盐,其中的R’优选为乙基;当Z为Zr时,它是具有表示(R’O)4Zr的醇盐,其中的R’优选为异丙基。
在步骤b)中,所述的可溶的VI B族金属盐可以是乙酸盐、草酸盐或铵盐,优选为铵盐。氢氧化四烷基铵具有分子式R4NOH,其中R为含有2-7个碳原子的烷基。按照一个优选方面,步骤b)中的溶液还含有甲酰胺(干燥控制化学试剂),它在干燥阶段有利于多孔结构的稳定化。
试剂的用量取决于最终催化剂的组成。
依照优选的顺序,在步骤c)中,步骤b)的溶液是添加到步骤a)的悬浮液之中的。
在步骤d)中,所得到的凝胶保持在10-40℃温度,持续时间为15-25小时。
步骤e)是在80-120℃的温度范围内进行的。
步骤f)是在400-600℃的温度范围内进行的。
按照本发明的另一个方面,含有一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂体系,可按下述步骤进行制备:a)制备一种醇分散液,含有β沸石和一种或多种可形成载体氧化物的有机化合物;b)制备一种水溶液,含有具有分子式R4NOH的氢氧化四烷基铵;c)混合所述的醇分散液和水溶液液,得到一种凝胶;d)在10-40℃温度下对凝胶进行老化;e)干燥凝胶;f)煅烧凝胶。g)采用一种含有VI B族金属盐的溶液对经煅烧的产品进行浸渍,干燥,煅烧,再用一种VIII族金属盐的溶液进行浸渍,干燥并煅烧。
试剂的用量取决于最终催化剂的组成。所用的试剂与溶胶-凝胶合成方法相同。
按照本发明的又一个方面,含有载体氧化物的催化剂组合物,可按下述步骤进行制备:a)制备一种醇分散液,含有一种可溶的VIII族金属盐和一种或多种可形成载体氧化物的有机化合物;b)制备一种水溶液,含有一种可溶的VI B族金属盐和非必须的具有分子式R4NOH的氢氧化四烷基铵;c)混合所述的醇分散液和水溶液,得到一种凝胶;d)在10-40℃温度下对凝胶进行老化;e)干燥凝胶;f)将经干燥的产品与β沸石进行机械混合;g)煅烧。
所用的试剂与溶胶-凝胶合成方法相同。
试剂的用量取决于最终催化剂的组成。
按照本发明的又一个方面,含有一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物,可按下述步骤进行制备:a)采用一种VI B族金属盐和一种VIII族金属盐浸渍由一种或多种氧化物所组成的载体,b)干燥并煅烧在步骤a)中所获得的物质,c)将在步骤b)中所获得的经浸渍的氧化物与β沸石进行混合。
试剂的用量取决于最终催化剂的组成。
步骤a)的浸渍可采用任意的传统方法进行,VI B族和VIII族的金属盐是以水溶液形式使用的。如果是分开使用VI B族金属水溶液和VIII族金属水溶液,则在两个浸渍步骤之间可以插入一个干燥和煅烧步骤。在步骤c)之前,经浸渍的氧化物可对其进行碾磨并筛分为<0.2mm的颗粒,然后在步骤c)中,通过机械混合或分散该颗粒在一种环己烷或环己醇类的有机溶剂中,与沸石进行混合。蒸发除去溶剂,干燥并煅烧催化剂颗粒。步骤c)的混合,也可通过混合均化一种包含该经浸渍氧化物(颗粒尺寸小于<0.2mm)、沸石、配位体和非必须的可燃烧的有机聚合物的固体混合物来进行。
这样所得到的混合物可采用任意的传统方法,与一种使之胶溶的酸溶液混合、挤出、干燥和煅烧。一种替代的方案是,该浆料可采用任意的传统方法进行造粒、干燥和煅烧。
用于本发明方法中的催化剂可以这样地使用,优选地,也可根据已知技术进行挤出,例如采用一种胶溶剂如乙酸溶液,和非必须的假勃姆石型配体,添加到该催化剂中形成可供挤出的浆料。特别地,如果催化剂是由溶胶-凝胶方法制备的,则在挤出过程中就可不必再加入配体了。
本发明的物质可用作烃混合物加氢处理的催化剂,特别地,可用作在石脑油范围内沸腾的烃混合物的提升。
因此,本发明的又一个目的是涉及烃混合物的加氢处理,其特征是使用一种含有β沸石、VIII族金属、VI B族金属和非必须的一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物。
基于此,本发明的一个特别优选的方面是涉及烃混合物(该烃混合物的沸程范围约为35-250℃并含有烯烃和至少150ppm的硫)的加氢脱硫,同时这些烯烃发生骨架异构化作用,它包括:在氢存在下,使这些混合物与一种催化剂组合物(它含有β沸石、VIII族金属、VI B族金属和非必须的一种或多种氧化物作为载体)接触。
如果采用这种含有β沸石、VI B族金属和VIII族金属的催化剂组合物,则本发明的方法是在温度为220-360℃,优选为300-350℃,压力范围为5-20kg/cm2,WHSV为1-10h-1的条件下进行的。氢的数量为存在的烃数量的100至500倍(Nl/l)。
如果催化剂组合物还含有一种或多种氧化物作为载体,则加氢脱硫过程和存在的烯烃的同时骨架异构化,是在温度为220-320℃,优选为250-300℃,压力范围为5-20 kg/cm2,WHSV为1-10h-1的条件下进行的。氢的数量为存在的烃数量的100至500倍(Nl/l)。
根据本发明可进行脱硫处理的烃混合物,可含有大于150ppm的硫。例如,硫含量大于600ppm,甚至高于10000ppm的烃混合物,可用来进行加氢脱硫。
优选的用来进行加氢脱硫的烃混合物,可在C5至约220℃范围内沸腾,C5是表示含有五个碳原子的烃混合物的沸点。
本发明的催化剂在使用之前,可采用已知的方法通过硫化对其进行活化。根据本发明的一个特别方面,在一个反应器内进行脱硫和异构化过程是可能的,其中的催化剂组合物分成为两个床,第一床含有β沸石,第二床含有余下的催化剂组分,包括VI B族金属、VIII族金属和一种或多种氧化物作为载体。实例1-制备催化剂A
在室温下,将1.17g的Co(NO3)2·6H2O(CoN)溶解在53.32g的BuOH中。加入0.79g的β沸石(酸型,SiO2/Al2O3=26.3,按照US3308069制备),它是悬浮在醇溶液中的,加热到60℃,持续10分钟。向该悬浮液中加入30.33g的Al(OC4H9)3(仲丁醇铝),加热到60℃,持续20分钟,得到悬浮液A1。
在室温下,将1.66g的(NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O(七钼酸铵,EMA)溶解在19.60g的(C3H7)4NOH(氢氧化四丙基铵,TPAOH,溶液浓度为19.2%),得到溶液A2(pH=10)。
在加热和搅拌作用下,将溶液A2)慢慢地倒入悬浮液A1)中,得到一种高度粘性的流体,维持其温度在80℃,持续1小时。接着在室温下老化21小时,于100℃在真空炉中干燥6小时,在马弗炉中以下述的温度程序进行煅烧:加热到200℃(5℃/min);在200℃停留2小时,加热到550℃(5℃/min);在550℃停留3小时;自发冷却至室温。物质的特征如表1所示,其中的Asurf为表面积,Vpores为孔容。实例2-制备催化剂B
在室温下,将1.37g的CoN溶解在36.28g的BuOH中。加入2.05g实例1所述的β沸石,它是悬浮在醇溶液中的,加热到50℃,持续10分钟。向该悬浮液中加入32.26g的Al(OC4H9)3(仲丁醇铝),加热到60℃,持续20分钟,得到悬浮液B1。
在室温下,将1.61g的EMA溶解在18.60g的TPAOH(溶液浓度为19.2%),得到溶液B2(pH=10)。
在加热和搅拌作用下,将溶液B2慢慢地倒入悬浮液B1中,得到一种高度粘性的流体,维持其温度在80℃,持续1小时。接着在室温下老化19小时,于100℃在真空炉中干燥6小时,并在马弗炉中以实例1所示的温度程序进行煅烧。物质的特征如表1所示。实例3-制备催化剂C(对比例)
按照EP748652的方法制备对比催化剂。在室温下,将1.04g的CoN溶解在47.16g的BuOH中。加入1.03g的Si(OC2H5)4(四乙基正硅酸酯)和26.53g的Al(OC4H9)3(仲丁醇铝),加热混合物到60℃,持续10分钟,得到悬浮液C1。
在室温下,将1.47g的EMA溶解在17.56g的TPAOH(溶液浓度为19.2%),得到溶液C2(pH=11)。
在加热和搅拌作用下,将溶液C2)慢慢地倒入悬浮液C1)中,得到一种高度粘性的流体,维持其温度在60℃,持续1小时。接着在室温下老化21小时,于100℃在真空炉中干燥6小时,并在与实例1相同条件下于马弗炉中进行煅烧。物质的特征如表1所示。实例4-制备催化剂D(对比例)
按照EP748652的方法制备对比催化剂。将3.30g的CoN溶解在47.48g的BuOH中,维持温度在60℃,持续15分钟。加入1.00g的Si(OC2H5)4(四乙基正硅酸酯)和25.10g的Al(OC4H9)3(仲丁醇铝),加热混合物到60℃,持续15分钟,得到悬浮液D1。
在室温下,将3.20g的EMA溶解在33.00g的TPAOH(溶液浓度为19.2%),得到溶液D2(pH=11)。
在加热和搅拌作用下,将溶液D2)慢慢地倒入悬浮液D1)中,得到一种高度粘性的流体,维持其温度在60℃,持续1小时。接着在室温下老化16小时,于100℃在真空炉中干燥6小时,并在与实例1相同条件下于马弗炉中进行煅烧。物质的特征如表1所示。实例5-制备催化剂E(对比例)
在室温下,将1.18g的CoN溶解在36.17g的BuOH中。加入0.63g的ZSM-5(PQ 3070E),并悬浮在该醇溶液中,加热到50℃,持续10分钟。向该悬浮液中加入30.11g的Al(OC4H9)3(仲丁醇铝),加热混合物到60℃,持续10分钟,得到悬浮液E1。
在室温下,将1.67g的EMA溶解在19.41g的TPAOH(溶液浓度为19.2%)中,得到溶液E2(pH=10)。
在加热和搅拌作用下,将溶液E2)慢慢地倒入悬浮液E1)中,得到一种高度粘性的流体,维持其温度在80℃,持续1小时。接着在室温下老化22小时,于100℃在真空炉中干燥6小时,并在马弗炉中按实例1如示的温度程序进行煅烧。物质的特征如表1所示。实例6-催化剂F(对比例)
使用参比工业催化剂,它是由一种基于氧化铝、钴和钼的体系所组成的。这种催化剂的特征如表1所示。
表1催化剂 沸石 Co Mo Co/Mo Asurf Vpores
(w%) (w%) (w%) (mol) (m2/g) (cm3/g)A 9.0 β 2.2 8.1 0.44 380 1.10B 19.6β 2.5 8.2 0.49 465 1.24C - 2.3 8.9 0.42 360 0.74D - 6.8 18.1 0.61 430 0.72E 7.4ZSM-5 2.8 10.5 0.45 410 1.05F - 3.2 12.0 0.43 245 0.51对典型进料的催化试验
催化试验结果如下文所述,它们是通过处理一种以S含量和烯烃馏分表示FCC汽油组成的原料(定义为典型进料)所得到的。该典型进料具有下述的组成:-30%重量的1-戊烯;-0.25%重量的噻吩(1000ppm S);-余量为正己烷。
催化剂都是采用相同的方法在H2S/H2气流中进行活化。
采用下述参数对催化剂的活性进行评价:a)脱硫转化率(HDS%),由下式得到:
HDS%=100×(ppm Sin-ppm Sout)/ppm Sinb)异构化性能ISO%,由下式得到:
ISO%=100×(异戊烷+异戊烯)/Σ C5c)加氢性能HYD%,由下式得到:
HYD%=100×(正戊烷out/1-戊烯in)实例6:催化剂A的催化活性
将2g催化剂A,经金刚砂稀释后,装填到反应器中(40-70目),并在H2S/H2(10%vol)存在下,在高至400℃下活化3小时,接着在H2气氛下提高系统压力至10巴,并输入典型进料,H2与烃进料之比等于300Nl/l。操作条件和催化结果如表2所示。实例7:催化剂B的催化活性
将2g催化剂B,按实例6的活化方法进行处理,接着在如表2所示的操作条件下对其进行评价,催化结果如表2所示。实例8:催化剂D的催化活性
将2g催化剂D,按实例6的活化方法进行处理,接着在如表2所示的操作条件下对其进行评价,催化结果如表2所示。实例9:催化剂E的催化活性
将2g催化剂E,按实例6的活化方法进行处理,接着在如表2所示的操作条件下对其进行评价,催化结果如表2所示。实例10:催化剂F的催化活性
将2g催化剂F,按实例6的活化方法进行处理,接着在如表2所示的操作条件下对其进行评价,催化结果如表2所示。
表2催化剂 T(℃) WHSV HDS ISO HDS/HYD HYD/ISO
(hrs-1) (%) (%)A 256 4.3 84.1 15.5 2.1 2.6A 295 10.0 96.9 14.7 1.7 3.9C 254 6.6 91.0 2.5 1.2 29.9C 282 6.6 92.7 2.5 0.9 40.4D 273 3.9 88.0 0.7 1.0 120.95D 290 3.9 95.0 0.7 1.05 127.9E 254 3.3 40.3 13.3 0.7 4.5F 250 4.0 89.7 2.5 2.4 15.0
本发明的催化剂(A)相对于那些没有采用沸石的催化剂,提高了异构化活性约一个数量级,尽管其金属含量与催化剂C相同,催化剂D的金属含量为其两倍。相对于工业催化剂F,也可观察到相同的结果。
相对于不含沸石的组合物(C和D)和含有ZSM-5沸石的催化剂(E)来说,β沸石的存在,相对于HYD加氢性能,提高了HDS转化率,它可由较高的HDS/HYD比值得到证实,而且,相对于异构化作用,降低了加氢作用(较低的HYD/ISO比值)。
此外,本发明的催化剂还可在温和的温度(T=256℃)下获得高的HDS,特别地,是含有ZSM-5催化剂E的两倍。
高的HDS/HYD比值和低的HYD/ISO比值(即高的脱硫性能且具有降低的加氢活性和高的骨架异构化性能)表明,本发明的催化剂可很好地恢复烃混合物中的辛烷值损失,该烃混合物业已经过加氢脱硫处理,具有35-250℃的沸程,并含有烯烃和至少150ppm的硫。
Claims (40)
1.一种催化剂组合物,它含有β沸石、VIII族金属、VI B族金属和非必须的一种或多种氧化物作为载体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂组合物,其中的β沸石是以这样的形式存在的,在这种形式中沸石的阳离子中心通常是被氢离子占据的。
3.根据权利要求2所述的催化剂组合物,其中阳离子中心的至少80%是由氢离子占据的。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属和VIII族金属的催化剂组合物,其中所述的沸石所占的数量范围在70-90%重量。
5.根据权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属和VIII族金属和一种或多种金属氧化物的催化剂组合物,其中所述的沸石所占的数量范围为该催化剂的总重量的5-30%重量。
6.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VIII族金属选自钴和镍。
7.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VI B族金属选自钼和钨。
8..根据权利要求6和7所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VI B族金属是Mo,其中的VIII族金属是Co。
9.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VIII族金属的重量百分数为催化剂总重量的1-10%。
10.根据权利要求9所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VIII族金属的重量百分数为催化剂总重量的2-6%。
11.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VI B族金属的重量百分数为催化剂总重量的4-20%。
12.根据权利要求11所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VI B族金属的重量百分数为催化剂总重量的7-13%。
13.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VIII族金属与VI B族金属的摩尔之比低于或等于2。
14.根据权利要求13所述的催化剂组合物,其中的VIII族金属与VI B族金属的摩尔之比低于或等于1。
15.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂组合物,其中用作载体的氧化物是选自硅、铝、钛、锆及其混合的元素Z的氧化物。
16.根据权利要求15所述的催化剂组合物,其中的氧化物是选自氧化铝或混合有一种选自氧化硅和氧化锆的氧化物的氧化铝。
17.一种如权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属和VIII族金属的催化剂组合物的制备方法,它是通过采用一种含有VI B族金属盐和VIII族金属盐的溶液浸渍β沸石,干燥再煅烧而制备的。
18.一种如权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属和VIII族金属的催化剂组合物的制备方法,它包括采用一种含有VI B族金属盐的溶液和一种含有VIII族金属盐的溶液对所述的沸石进行浸渍,干燥,煅烧。
19.一种如权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属、VIII族金属和一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物的制备方法,它包括:混合沸石与氧化物、挤出、煅烧、非必须的可降低钠含量的交换步骤、干燥、用含有VI B族金属盐的溶液浸渍、干燥、煅烧,再用含有VIII族金属盐的溶液浸渍、干燥、煅烧。
20.一种如权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属、VIII族金属和一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物的制备方法,是采用如下的溶胶-凝胶技术进行制备的:
a)制备一种醇分散液,含有一种可溶的VIII族金属盐、β沸石和一种或多种可形成载体氧化物的有机化合物;
b)制备一种水溶液,含有一种可溶的VI B族金属盐和非必须的具有分子式R4NOH的氢氧化四烷基铵;
c)混合所述的醇分散液和水溶液,得到一种凝胶;
d)在10-40℃温度下对凝胶进行老化;
e)干燥凝胶;
f)煅烧凝胶。
21.一种如权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属、VIII族金属和一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物的制备方法,是按下述步骤进行的:
a)制备一种醇分散液,含有β沸石和一种或多种可形成载体氧化物的有机化合物;
b)制备一种水溶液,含有具有分子式R4NOH的氢氧化四烷基铵;
c)混合所述的醇分散液和水溶液,得到一种凝胶;
d)在10-40℃温度下对凝胶进行老化;
e)干燥凝胶;
f)煅烧凝胶。
g)采用一种含有VI B族金属盐的溶液对经煅烧的产品进行浸渍,干燥,煅烧,再用一种VIII族金属盐的溶液进行浸渍,干燥并煅烧。
22.一种如权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属、VIII族金属和一种或多种氧化物的催化剂组合物的制备方法,是按下述步骤进行的:
a)制备一种醇分散液,含有一种可溶的VIII族金属盐和一种或多种可形成载体氧化物的有机化合物;
b)制备一种水溶液,含有一种可溶的VI B族金属盐和非必须的具有分子式R4NOH的氢氧化四烷基铵;
c)混合所述的醇分散液和水溶液,得到一种凝胶;
d)在10-40℃温度下对凝胶进行老化;
e)干燥凝胶;
f)将经干燥的产品与β沸石进行机械混合;
g)煅烧。
23.根据权利要求20、21或22所述的方法,其中的VIII族金属盐是硝酸盐。
24.根据权利要求20、21或22所述的方法,其中的可形成载体氧化物的有机化合物是相应的醇盐,其醇盐取代基具有表示式(R’O)-,其中的R’为具有2-6个碳原子的烷基。
25.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中采用选自硅、铝、钛、锆及其混合的元素Z的醇盐。
26.根据权利要求24和25所述的方法,它是采用具有表示式(R’O)3Al的三取代醇盐,其中的R’为异丙基或仲丁基。
27.根据权利更求24和25所述的方法,其中采用具有表示式(R’O)4Si的四取代醇盐,其中的R’为乙基。
28.根据权利要求24和25所述的方法,其中采用具有表示式(R’O)4Zr的四取代醇盐,其中的R’为异丙基。
29.根据权利要求20、21或22所述的方法,其中所述的可溶的VI B族金属盐为铵盐。
30.根据权利要求20、21或22所述的方法,其中的氢氧化四烷基铵具有分子式R4NOH,其中R为含有2-7个碳原子的烷基。
31.一种如权利要求1所述的含有β沸石、VI B族金属、VIII族金属和一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物的制备方法,是按下述步骤进行的:
a)采用一种VI B族金属盐和一种VIII族金属盐浸渍氧化物载体,
b)干燥并煅烧在步骤a)中所获得的物质,
c)将在步骤b)中所获得的经浸渍的氧化物与β沸石进行混合。
32.烃混合物的加氢处理,其特征是使用一种含有β沸石、VI B族金属、VIII族金属和非必须的一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物。
33.根据权利要求32的方法,用于具有沸程范围约为35-250℃并含有烯烃和至少150ppm硫的烃混合物的加氢脱硫,同时这些烯烃发生骨架异构化作用,它包括:在氢存在下,使这些混合物与一种含有β沸石、VIII族金属、VI B族金属和非必须的一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物进行接触。
34.根据权利要求33所述的方法,它是在一种含有β沸石、VIII族金属和VI B族金属的催化剂组合物存在下,在温度为220-360℃,压力范围为5-20kg/cm2,WHSV为1-10h-1,且氢的数量为存在的烃数量的100至500倍(Nl/l)的条件下进行的。
35.根据权利要求34所述的方法,它是温度为300-350℃的范围内进行的。
36.根据权利要求33所述的方法,它是在一种含有β沸石、VI B族金属、VIII族金属和一种或多种氧化物作为载体的催化剂组合物存在下,在温度为220-320℃,压力范围为5-20kg/cm2,WHSV为1-10h-1,且氢的数量为存在的烃数量的100至500倍(Nl/l)的条件下进行的。
37.根据权利要求36所述的方法,它是温度为250-300℃的范围内进行的。
38.根据权利要求33所述的方法,其中的可以进行脱硫处理的烃混合物含有大于600ppm的硫。
39.根据权利要求33所述的方法,它是在一个反应器内进行的,其中的催化剂组合物是分成为两个床,第一床含有β沸石,第二床含有VI B族金属、VIII族金属和一种或多种氧化物作为载体。
40.根据权利要求33所述的方法,其中的可以进行加氢脱硫的烃混合物的沸程在C5至约220℃范围内。
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1999
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- 2000-03-07 EP EP05108527A patent/EP1637224A3/en not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101314133B (zh) * | 2007-06-01 | 2012-05-30 | 亚申科技研发中心(上海)有限公司 | 反式-2-己烯酸催化加氢制备己酸的工艺 |
CN101357338B (zh) * | 2007-07-30 | 2011-11-30 | 南京大学 | 一种用于FCC石脑油中烯烃骨架异构的Co/Co-MCM-41催化剂 |
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DE60025880D1 (de) | 2006-04-20 |
EP1034841A2 (en) | 2000-09-13 |
JP2000279816A (ja) | 2000-10-10 |
EP1637224A2 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
CN100374530C (zh) | 2008-03-12 |
US6803337B1 (en) | 2004-10-12 |
ES2257263T3 (es) | 2006-08-01 |
DK1034841T3 (da) | 2006-06-26 |
PT1034841E (pt) | 2006-06-30 |
AU778458B2 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
US20070084756A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
AU2075100A (en) | 2000-09-14 |
ATE317296T1 (de) | 2006-02-15 |
DE60025880T2 (de) | 2006-10-26 |
RU2245191C2 (ru) | 2005-01-27 |
BR0001279A (pt) | 2001-01-16 |
EP1034841B1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
CA2300230C (en) | 2010-05-18 |
EP1034841A3 (en) | 2000-12-27 |
US7156980B2 (en) | 2007-01-02 |
CA2300230A1 (en) | 2000-09-12 |
EP1637224A3 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
US20040248726A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
NO20001190L (no) | 2000-09-13 |
NO20001190D0 (no) | 2000-03-08 |
US7754637B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
ITMI990504A1 (it) | 2000-09-12 |
IT1311512B1 (it) | 2002-03-13 |
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