CN1273784A

CN1273784A - Process for breaking wall of pollen

Info

Publication number: CN1273784A
Application number: CN00105084A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏松坤; 陈盛禄; 林雪珍; 傅凌
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2000-04-25
Filing date: 2000-04-25
Publication date: 2000-11-22
Anticipated expiration: 2020-04-25
Also published as: CN1101148C

Abstract

A process for scrifying pollen features that the fresh or dried pollen is loaded in the container made of radiation-resistant food packing material and radiated under 1-11 KGy for 24 hrs. Its advantages include high wall-broken rate, sterilizing effect, no loss of nutrients, high efficiency and no environmental pollution.

Description

Process for breaking wall of pollen

The present invention relates to a kind of wall-breaking method of pollen.

Pollen is the male gametophyte of plant sexual propagation.The nutritional labeling of pollen is very abundant, contains protein, aminoacid, saccharide, lipid, vitamin, nucleic acid, mineral, enzyme and flavone compound etc.Pollen has effects such as resistance prostatitis, defying age, anti-hypoxia, blood fat reducing, is widely used in aspects such as food, beverage, cosmetics, medicine, feedstuff.But pollen has a hard pollen wall, and the main component of pollen wall is sporopollenin, cellulose, carotenoid etc., and acidproof anticorrosive, the pollen main nutrient composition is present in the inclusions of pollen wall inside.Pollen has only the nutritional labeling of its inclusions behind breaking cellular wall to be digested and assimilated by body.

At present, the wall-breaking method of pollen mainly contains following several:

1) breaking cellular wall by temperature difference method: utilize the principle of expanding with heat and contract with cold, pollen drops into rapidly after freezing in the hot water " bursting ", and this method is destroyed bigger to the nutritional labeling of pollen, and complicated operation, and the pollen behind the breaking cellular wall also needs dry if will make powder.

2) colloid mill breaking cellular wall method: be to place-15～-25 ℃ to descend freezing 15 hours mixed pollen, pollen after freezing put in the water-bath melt, again by the colloid mill breaking cellular wall, this method sporoderm-broken rate is lower, pollen needs could handle after soaking into colloid, complicated operation, and the pollen behind the breaking cellular wall also needs dry if will make powder.

3) comminution by gas stream: be to utilize the compressed air pump air to produce high pressure draught, spray into pulverizing chamber with velocity of sound,, reach the purpose of pulverizing pollen at low temperatures by collision through nozzle.This method operation is complicated, and the pollen grain inclusions behind the breaking cellular wall is exposed in the external environment fully, is easy to generate oxidation deterioration.

4) fermentation enzymolysis breaking cellular wall method: be a kind of application method more widely, the enzyme that utilizes the abundant microorganism of pollen self or produce by microbe inoculation, make the fovilla degraded, osmotic pressure raises and makes pollen broken wall, required time of this method breaking cellular wall is long, and is easily influenced product quality by living contaminants in the sweat.

The objective of the invention is to propose to adopt radiation pollen grain integral body not to be gone to pot and rapid breaking cellular wall, and the high a kind of process for breaking wall of pollen of breaking cellular wall efficient.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the pollen of fresh or drying is packed in the container that radiation-resistant packaging material for food (as glass, polyethylene) makes, under room temperature, normal pressure, be placed on the radiation source that can be used for food irradiation, as ⁶⁰C _OOr ¹³⁷C _SDown, carry out radiation treatment, radiation dose is 1KGy～11KGy (kilogray), is preferably 5KGy～10KGy, and the radiation treatment time is 24 hours.Preferably use vacuum-packed technique,, can adopt the packing specification of 100g, 1kg, 20kg, 50kg to reduce radiation and Oxidation when storing.

The present invention compared with prior art, the useful effect that has is:

1, adopt radiation that the interior macromolecular substances (as protein, DNA etc.) of pollen cell is degraded, secondary structure is destroyed, infiltration voltage rise height in the cell; Radiation improves the Cytoplasm membrane permeability, and inclusions collapses expansion from pollen germination pore easily, the effect that reaches not only breaking cellular wall but also sterilize.

2,, help nutritional labeling and preserve because pollen grain integral body does not have destroyedly, and inclusions still is present in the pollen wall under drying condition.

3, easy and simple to handle, the efficient height, energy savings does not produce the refuse of contaminated environment, is highly suitable for industrialized mass.

Be embodiments of the invention below:

Embodiment 1: take by weighing exsiccant Pollen Maydis, Flos Chrysanthemi powder, Pollen Helianthi 10g respectively, in the vial of packing into, be placed on ⁶⁰C _OUnder the radiation source, respectively through 3KGy, 5KGy, 7KGy, 9KGy, 11KGy radiation treatment, the radiation treatment time is 24 hours.Get each 1g of pollen sample of radiation treatment and matched group, add the 9ml distilled water diluting, observe, count, calculate sporoderm-broken rate and be listed as follows at the OLYMPUS microscopically:

The table 1 average sporoderm-broken rates of different pollen kinds (%)

The pollen kind	Matched group	Radiation treatment dosage (KGy)
		Radiation treatment dosage (KGy)				????3	????5	????7	????9
		Corn	??9.01	????16.69	????18.60	????3	????5	????7	????9	????21.53	????36.30
Flos Chrysanthemi	??23.7	Corn	??9.01	????16.69	????18.60	????41.2	????51.1	????49.7	????53.7	????21.53	????36.30
Flos Chrysanthemi	??23.7	Helianthi	??19.2	????41.1	????45.2	????41.2	????51.1	????49.7	????53.7	????51.3	????52.1

Matched group in table 2 his-and-hers watches 1 and result of the test are carried out variance analysis

Kind	Source of variation	????df	????SS	????MS	????F	Significance
Kind	Source of variation	????df	????SS	????MS	????F	Significance	Corn	Between processing	????5	????0.785	??0.157	????78.2	????**
In the processing	????54	????0.097	??0.002					Between processing	????5	????0.785	??0.157
In the processing	????54	????0.097	??0.002	Flos Chrysanthemi	Between processing	????5		????0.89	??0.178	????59.33	????**
In the processing	????54	????0.184	??0.003		Between processing	????5		????0.89	??0.178
In the processing	????54	????0.184	??0.003		Helianthi	Between processing	????5	????0.79	??0.158			????31.6	????**
In the processing	????54	????0.269	??0.005			Between processing	????5	????0.79	??0.158

Annotate: df: degree of freedom

SS: sum of sguares of deviation from mean

MS: sample mean variance

F: mean square between processing to error average variance ratio

^*: expression difference is extremely remarkable

Through variance analysis, find that radiation treatment is remarkable to the sporoderm-broken rate effect that improves pollen such as corn, Flos Chrysanthemi, Helianthi.

Embodiment 2: take by weighing dry Folium Camelliae sinensis pollen 10g, its wall-breaking method is identical with embodiment 1, and its sporoderm-broken rate is listed as follows:

The average sporoderm-broken rate of the different places of production of table 3 Flos Camelliae Japonicae powder (%)

The place of production	Matched group	Radiation treatment dosage (KGy)
		Radiation treatment dosage (KGy)					????3	????5	????7	????9	????11
		Linan, Zhejiang	??20.5	??85.7	??95.9	??98.2	????3	????5	????7	????9	????11	??95.8	??98.5
Yixing, Jiangsu	??9.0	Linan, Zhejiang	??20.5	??85.7	??95.9	??98.2	??88.11	??95.2	??98.3	??98.1	??98.1	??95.8	??98.5
Yixing, Jiangsu	??9.0	Chunan, Zhejiang	??38.4	??82.6	??86.6	??94.6	??88.11	??95.2	??98.3	??98.1	??98.1	??97.2	??96.9
Anhui	??39.8	Chunan, Zhejiang	??38.4	??82.6	??86.6	??94.6	??93.6	??95.1	??95.0	??97.1	??95.7	??97.2	??96.9
Anhui	??39.8	The Tonglu, Zhejiang	??57.7	??80.6	??90.4	??94.4	??93.6	??95.1	??95.0	??97.1	??95.7	??94.7	??96.9

Table 4 his-and-hers watches 3 matched groups and test group result carry out variance analysis

The place of production	Source of variation	????df	????SS	????MS	????F	Significance
The place of production	Source of variation	????df	????SS	????MS	????F	Significance	Linan, Zhejiang	Between processing	????5	??2.355	??0.471	????471	????**
In the processing	????24	??0.019	??0.001					Between processing	????5	??2.355	??0.471
In the processing	????24	??0.019	??0.001	Yixing, Jiangsu	Between processing	????5		??3.160	??0.632	????632	????**
In the processing	????24	??0.028	??0.001		Between processing	????5		??3.160	??0.632
In the processing	????24	??0.028	??0.001		Chunan, Zhejiang	Between processing	????5	??1.226	??0.253			????84.33	????**
In the processing	????24	??0.074	??0.003			Between processing	????5	??1.226	??0.253
In the processing	????24	??0.074	??0.003	Anhui		Between processing	????5	??1.287	??0.037	????18.5	????**
In the processing	????24	??0.059	??0.002			Between processing	????5	??1.287	??0.037
In the processing	????24	??0.059	??0.002		The Tonglu, Zhejiang	Between processing	????5	??0.556	??0.111			????37	????**
In the processing	????24	??0.075	??0.003			Between processing	????5	??0.556	??0.111

Through variance analysis, find that radiation treatment is remarkable to the sporoderm-broken rate effect that improves Flos Camelliae Japonicae powder.

The expert group of coordination committee mechanism of World Health Organization (WHO) reaches a conclusion recently, can not bring any toxicologic threat to the radiating food of the radiation dose of 10KGy, and the food of handling with this dosage no longer needs any toxicologic evaluation.

Claims

1. process for breaking wall of pollen, it is characterized in that: the pollen of fresh or drying is packed in the container that radiation-resistant packaging material for food makes, under room temperature, normal pressure, be placed under the radiation source that can be used for food irradiation, carry out radiation treatment, radiation dose is 1KGy～11KGy, and the radiation treatment time is 24 hours.

2. process for breaking wall of pollen according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: radiation dose is preferably 5KGy～10KGy.

3. process for breaking wall of pollen according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the radiation source that is used for food irradiation is ⁶⁰C _OOr ¹³⁷C _S