CN1268868C - 改进的偶接件 - Google Patents

改进的偶接件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1268868C
CN1268868C CNB028237889A CN02823788A CN1268868C CN 1268868 C CN1268868 C CN 1268868C CN B028237889 A CNB028237889 A CN B028237889A CN 02823788 A CN02823788 A CN 02823788A CN 1268868 C CN1268868 C CN 1268868C
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parts
coupling
pipe
internal diameter
heating elements
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CN1596354A (zh
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约翰·亚历山大·鲍德瑞
克里斯托佛·里查德·怀斯
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Petrotechnik Ltd
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Petrotechnik Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B29C65/3432Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding comprising several wires, e.g. in the form of several independent windings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12445Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue having the tongue on the side
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12469Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being asymmetric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52292Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52298Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket being composed by several elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/725General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs
    • B29C66/7252General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled
    • B29C66/72523General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being hollow-walled or honeycombs hollow-walled multi-channelled or multi-tubular
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/82Testing the joint
    • B29C65/8207Testing the joint by mechanical methods
    • B29C65/8246Pressure tests, e.g. hydrostatic pressure tests
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于将两根或两根以上管段连接在一起,或用于连接管段和管路系统配件的电熔偶接件,所述偶接件包括:(i)一个第一部件(13),其第一端的第一内径适合用于与第一管段形成紧滑配合,并且其第二端的第二内径大于第一端的第一内径;(ii)一个第二部件(14),其第一端的第一内径适合用于与第二管段形成紧滑配合,并且其第二端的外径适合用于与第一部件的第二内径形成紧滑配合,如此这两个部件能够在重叠区彼此紧密套住;(iii)所述两个部件设置有电加热元件(16,17,18)和电终端连接,如此第一部件能够独立于第二部件用于连接管段和管路系统配件,或者第一和第二部件能够联合在一起用于连接两根相邻的管段。

Description

改进的偶接件
发明领域
本发明涉及一种用于将多根管段连接在一起的方法和装置。本发明特别适用于,但不局限用于,一种将包括弯头及其它管接头在内的被辅助密封的塑料管段连接在一起的方法和装置。
发明背景
由塑料材料制成的管子广泛用于工业和建筑业中。目前,在许多应用场合,使用诸如聚乙烯和聚丙烯等塑料材料制成而不是金属制成的管子。这样应用的一个例子是,塑料管子被用于加油站石油装置所采用的管路系统。
例如,在加油站石油装置的设计中,收集和检测将一个或多个储油罐与加油泵连接起来的地下管路的石油燃料的泄漏,被认为越来越重要。为此,当前许多加油站石油装置的设计都采用了辅助密封系统。这涉及到为每一供油管外罩一条相应的辅助密封管,而辅助密封管可选择地在其管端与供油管相封接。辅助密封管用于防止从供油管泄漏的油排放到环境中,而且能够把泄漏的油输送到一个遥感设备进行检测。
除了在人孔室内,尽管管子连接被尽可能地避免采用于地下供油管路中,但是有时仍无法避免。通常,管子连接使用专门的配件,其方法是使用化学粘接剂,或者是采用电熔焊接技术。后者在实用中优选。
在通常的单层的密封塑料管路系统中,使用所谓的电熔偶接件或焊接套,将一根根塑料管段端对端地连接,其中以短塑料套筒为典型,短塑料套筒的每一端具有插口,插口的内径适宜接纳相应管子的管端以形成紧密配合,并且套筒的每一端装有电阻加热线圈。通过将相邻的管端插入到这样一个电熔偶接件的各相对端,然后,给加热线圈接通电流,以使电熔偶按件的内表面与相邻的插入管端的外表面熔合在一起,这样,两个相邻的管段,依靠管端与电熔偶接件的焊接,能够端对端地形成一个液密的连接。
到目前为止,在对采用塑料管制成的辅助密封管路系统进行施工时,形成内管的塑料管段通过第一系列电熔偶接件端对端地连接,而形成外管的塑料管段通过第二系列电熔偶接件端对端地连接。第二系列电熔偶接件与第一系列相比既有差别又相互独立。这不可避免地涉及到在内管之上对外管及外管电熔偶接件的攻丝,和/或外管与外管电熔偶接件相对内管的轴向位移。事实上,与采用类似技术进行施工的单层的密封管路系统相比,这需要更多的劳动。另外,正常的做法是,主管路系统是在辅助密封系统之前完工,并进行完整性测试。这必然意味着对管子连接的多重处理。例如,用于辅助管的偶接件得预先滑入适当的位置,然后,在必要时移向旁边。换句话说,主管段一旦完成组装、焊接和测试,辅管段及辅管偶接件就必须装到主管段上。这样不仅耗时,而且劳动强度大。
如果在作为新产品的主/辅复合管中进行管子连接,事情将更为复杂。在这种管,即GB9824955.6和PCT/GB98/03422(PetroTechnik公司)所描述的一个实例中,主管和辅管形成为一体。一般的焊接插口根本不能用于焊接这种管,因为在主管和辅管之间没有足够的空间供主管所采用的焊接插口接入尾销。而且,用于这种管的弯头和T型接头必须具有与管本身不同的、较大的直径。这是因为用于主管和主管弯头连接的偶接件应被容纳进辅管与辅管弯头的连接体内。这要求根据预料所用制成宽尺寸的偶接件,其直径不同于被连接管件的对应直径。
因此,本发明的目的是克服或至少缓解以上所描述的一个或多个问题。
发明概述
根据本发明,提供了一种用于将两个或两个以上的管路系统部件连接在一起的电熔偶接件,所述偶接件包括:
(i)一个第一部件,其第一端的第一内径适合用于与第一管段形成紧滑配合,其第二端的第二内径大于第一端的第一内径,并且具有大体上均匀的横截面;
(ii)一个第二部件,其第一端的第一内径适合用于与第二管段形成紧滑配合,其第二端的外径适合用于与第一部件的第二内径形成紧滑配合,如此,这两个部件能够在重叠区彼此紧密套住;
(iii)两个部件装有电加热元件和电连接终端,如此,第一部件能够独立于第二部件用于管段与管或管路配件的连接,或者第一部件与第二部件能够联合在一起用于连接两根相邻的管段;以及,当第一和第二部件完全彼此套住时,在这两个部件之间就建立起一个电连接。这种配置首次提供了这样一种偶接件:能够用于将两个同样直径的管或管路系统部件连接在一起,或者,通过采用偶接件的两个部件或仅仅一个部件,用于将两个不同直径的管路系统部件连接在一起。
优选的是,第一部件的第二内径适合用于在弯头或T形接头这样的管接头上形成紧滑配合,并且,重叠区所涉及的电加热元件位于或靠近第一部件的第二内径的表面。
在一个特别优选的实施例中,提供了一个电连接,用于当偶接件的两个部件套在一起时,在两个部件的线圈之间建立起一个电连接。
优选的是,提供一个锁定机构,适合用于将两个部件以套形结构锁定在一起。
优选的是,所述锁定机构还为偶接件的两个部件中的电加热元件提供了电接触。
附图简述
现在,仅参照附图,通过举例的方式描述本发明。其中:
图1显示了辅管偶接件的平面图,辅管内所装的主管偶接件以轮廓显示。
图2显示了图1中偶接件的端视图。
图3显示了图1中辅管偶接件的横截面图。
图4显示了图3中所示偶接件的第一部件的横截面图。第一部件将辅管与辅管弯头或T形接头连接在一起。
图5以简图的形式显示了偶接件中不同的电线圈。
图6显示了一种主/辅复合管。
图7和8显示了用于将主/辅复合管系统中主管连接在一起的偶接件的各种低断面图。
图9和10分别显示了根据本发明的又一个图示实施例所描述的偶接件的第一和第二部件的平面图、截面图以及各自两个端视图,图示实施例中优选的尺寸以毫米为单位。
图11和12显示了未给出尺寸的图9和10的实施例的视图。
图13显示了根据图9~12用于将辅管连接在一起的偶接件的视图,辅管内装有已被连接好的主管。
图14和15显示了根据本发明的又一个实施例大体上与图9和10中的各视图相对应的偶接件的视图。
优选实施例详述
现在,仅通过举例的方式描述本发明。它们是本申请人当前所知的实施本发明的最好的方式,但它们并不是能够获得应用的唯一方式。
参照图1~3,这些图显示了用于在两根相邻的辅管管段11、12之间,或者在辅管段与辅管配件之间形成电熔焊接的偶接件10。在这一具体实施例中,偶接件分为两个部件13、14制成,这两个部件在中心区15紧密成对装配在一起。
这种偶接件的新颖特点之一是电熔线圈的特殊配置,而且偶接件的每一部件都装有成套的电熔加热元件或线圈。第一组线圈16装在部件13的内表面上。该部件有第一内径23,第一内径23在辅管11的外径之上形成紧滑配合。同一部件13还有第二内径25,第二内径25在第二部件14的一部分的外径之上形成紧滑配合。线圈16位于部件13中被设计成与辅管紧滑配合的区位。线圈16的一端,即第一端,连接于电尾销A。
图5以简图的形式更详细地显示了电线圈的具体配置。表面23所涉及的线圈16一端与尾销A,26连接,另一端引入到表面25所涉及的线圈17的一端。线圈17的另一端连接到尾销B,27。于是,部件13可以作为独立的连接件,用于连接辅管与辅管弯头、T形接头或其它管路系统部件。在这种模式中,使用一般的电熔焊接设备,电流即在尾销A和B即26和27之间通过。
部件14,偶接件的第二部件,处于或靠近其第一端有第一内径24。内径24被设计成适合用于与辅管外径形成紧滑配合。处于或靠近部件14的另一端即第二端的外径适合用于与第一部件13的第二内径形成紧滑配合,如此,这两部件能够在重叠区彼此套住。
与第一部件13一样,部件14装有电线圈18,电线圈18能够使部件14熔合到辅管12上。电线圈18位于内径24的内表面上,内径24在辅管12的外径之上形成紧滑配合。电线圈18的一端连接到尾销C,28,另一端连接到接线装置29。当电流通过线圈16、17和18时,在部件13、14和辅管11、12的相关区位之间同时形成液密焊接。以下将详细描述电流通过不同线圈的结果和可选择方案。
本发明的一个重要特点是,第一部件13的第二内径25也能够在辅管弯头或T形接头上形成紧滑配合。图4简单地显示了这一配置,以下将对其进行更详细地描述。在这一配置中,当电流通过线圈16和18时,在区位36(沿线圈16),部件33与辅管31形成液密焊接,而且还在区位37(沿线圈17),部件33与辅管弯头或T形接头32同时形成液密焊接。
另外,部件13和14彼此紧密配合,而且中心组线圈17能够使两部件13和14熔合在一起,以致于在中心区15,这两个部件成为一体。
然而,在部件13中,还有一个通到线圈17的电连接。该电连接就是接线装置29。当第二部件14插入并锁进第一部件13时,接线装置29把线圈17和线圈18连接在一起。图3中显示了这种所谓的锁定结构。只要线圈18的一端连接到接线装置29,另一端就与尾销C,28相连接。在这种锁定结构中,电流能够在尾销A和尾销C之间通过,却不与尾销B进行电连接。采用尾销A和C焊接表面23与辅管11,相重叠的中心区15被焊接在一起,而且表面24也被焊接到辅管12上。
在表面上安装加热电线的方法是众所周知的,例如Rutland Plastics(RTM)公司所采用的方法。而且,这样的方法能够基本上不做修改用于本发明上述的技术中。
这种配置将使人体会到许多优点。首先,在装配过程中,偶接件的两半件或部件能够容易地装到辅管11、12的相应管端。这样不需要将整个连接件螺纹连接到长管段上。第二,而且更重要的是,部件13伸出端19上的中心区15的内径与弯头或T形接头的外径是对称的。图4中更清楚地显示了这一点。因此,偶接件或连接件即能够作为整体用于连接两段辅管,也能够分而用于连接辅管与弯头或T形接头,如图4中所示。
由此得出这种设计的优点之一是:在第一种选择方案中,当一起采用这两个半件时,这两个部件能够共同用于熔接具有相同O/D(外径)的两个管件或管子,或者在第二种选择方案中,当仅仅采用偶接件的一个半件时,能够将其用于熔接具有不同O/D的两个管件。
两个半件或部件13、14被设计成成对装配和锁定在一起。锁定配置是这样的:如果不能以正确的方位进行适当地连接,一起采用这两个半件是不可能的。许多种配置都可以接受,例如,各个部件可能包括卡口型接头配件。为使对准记号21、21′相匹配,需要一起推动和旋转这两个部件。图9和图10中显示了这种偶合连接的实例,以下将对其更详细地描述。另一方面,也可能采用一个内部企口配置,或某种其它“锁和钥匙”机构。这样能够确保在装于两个部件上的线圈之间适当的电连接,该电连接靠确保接线装置29一起配合以获得可靠而良好的电接触。对材料专家来说,用于这种配置的锁定机构本质上是熟悉的。而且在两个配对的部件之间形成良好电接触的技术,也是此领域中的技术人员所熟悉的。只有当“锁定”进行之际,接线装置29中的电接触才得以产生,以确保通过两个半件的焊接单元的连续性。即,电接触只有在一个位置、一个而且唯一的位置才能够获得。
这种锁定配置的轮廓是这样的:在焊接操作期间,两个半件不能够水平或垂直地分裂开来。换句话说,要是可能,焊接操作会因塑料熔化和膨胀所产生的异常压力导致这种情况出现。
在本实例中,在两个半件的顶部,设置有指示/会合箭头21、21′作为对准记号,以致于不需要向使用户说明:为了正确的使用,两个箭头必须互相对准。
如上所释,图4示意性地显示了一个配置,其中,由主管和围绕其紧密配合的辅管构成的新型管路一旦与T形接头或弯头相连接,在整个连接区,就保持了一个完整的辅助密封系统。
令人遗憾的是,由于使用工具的限制,诸如弯头和T形接头这样的管配件需要用其O/D比辅管更大的外弯头和T形接头来模塑成形。
在这种类型的配置中,主管的焊接插口将几乎不可避免地薄于辅管的厚度,为此必须跨过主管插口在两个主管之间形成连接。
这就要求,既能够焊接具有相同O/D的管和管路,也能够焊接具有不相同O/D的管和管路。到目前为止,使用大小相同的偶接配件,仍是不可能的。
在辅助密封系统闭合之前,完成主管路系统并测试其完整性,是正常的做法。因此,当一起采用两个半件13、14时,在相应的辅管上滑动每一半件、将主管合在一起并完成焊接,都是可能的。
在以上所描述的配置中,主管35被装入辅管31中。图4说明了在主管与主T型接头或弯头34及辅管与辅T型接头或弯头32之间的连接。采用GB 0022542.5(参照以下的描述)中所描述的带有可移动触点的低断面焊接插口连接两个主管件34和35。将GB 0022542.5的整个原文插入此处,以作参考,旨在使这一原文形成为本公开的一个完整部分。根据本发明,现在,将在辅管管端上先前被滑移开的焊接插口的一个部件33横向移动,以覆盖主管件中的连接。这一焊接插口半件用于将辅管31连接到辅管弯头或T型接头32。这样该区域中完整性的辅助密封系统就完成了。
新型和紧密的辅助密封管路系统在GB 0118039.7中已做描述。将GB 0118039.7的整个原文插入此处,以作参考,旨在使这一先前的描述形成为本公开的一个完整部分。
图6说明了这样一个管子40的横截面图。管子40由内阻挡层41、内输送管42和外层辅管43构成。内阻挡层41是可选择的,其组成为固定在内输送管42的内表面上的尼龙或尼龙衍生物圆柱形表层或罩面层。通常,输送管由具有100~4000MPa模量范围的聚乙烯制成。以下讨论可选择的制造材料。表层或罩面层41沿着管子40的中心通道排列,汽油/柴油通过中心通道输送。层41由基本上不渗透汽油的材料所制,从而提供了一个阻挡汽油通过内输送管扩散的屏障。具有一个内阻挡层是有利的,因为聚乙烯管,尽管显示出几分抗汽油扩散性,但也呈现出几分对汽油的可渗透性。
内输送管42具有通常的结构,管子呈规则壁厚的形式,并具有基本上均匀的横截面。
在现有技术中,通常,在内层主输送管的外表面和外层辅管的内表面之间有一个考虑周到的空气间隙。从图6中可以看出,在这一实施例中,不存在明显的空气间隙。图6中所示的任何间隙,仅仅是为了便于说明,以表示管42和43是互相独立的整体,而不是被结(接)合在一起。更确切地讲,外管紧密配合在内输送管的外表面上。在这一实例中,两根管并没有被粘结或焊接在一起。首先,如果把内管和辅管粘结在一起,管子会更加坚硬。改进的挠性,而不是刚性,是一种优选的特性,因为在安装和更换期间,整套管子必须拐过圆角紧绷的弯曲。
其次,两层管之间几乎难以觉察的间隙能渗透流体,可在两管之间形成一个能够进行监测的填隙空间。填隙空间非常小,难以测量。然而,它是可渗透流体的。
这一填隙空间,可由一个或多个在外层辅管的内表面上形成的槽44、45、46、47或沟加以补充。这些槽或沟沿着管段延伸。沿着管的纵轴,它们可能是相当直的,或者它们可能是螺旋线的、螺旋面的或其它曲线形的。
在一定的限度内,这些槽的数目、形状及结构是可变的。沿着圆周形成的一个槽可能足够,但通常形成3或4个槽,并且沿着辅管的内周等间距地配置。优选的是槽具有圆角平缓的截面,如图6中所示,因为这限制了因槽的出现而产生在辅管中的任何弱点。
应该认识到,除了开槽的区域外,辅管的内表面基本上紧贴着内输送管的周线,两根管因此合二为一,就此而论,可把这种配置视为一元结构。
在这一实例中,110mm直径的管子是用来供石油方面的应用,因此,输送管的壁厚通常约为7mm。其中,内尼龙层的厚度是在0.01~6.99mm的范围内。相反,外聚乙烯层可能在0.01~6.99mm的厚度范围内。
这种类型的管子能够用于输送各种各样的流体,包括气体、液体及蒸汽。此技术可应用于适合输送各种各样流体的管路系统,例如,可以将其用于给水干管或其它液流、包括天然气在内的气体、包括碳氢化合物和石油在内的溶剂。在本申请中,石油具有很宽的含义,它包括汽油、柴油、燃料油、航空燃料及液化石油气LPG。
图7和8中说明了在图4中显示为部件39类型的以及在GB0022542.5中所描述类型的低断面连接件。将GB 0022542.5的整个原文插入此处,以作参考,旨在形成本公开的一个完整部分。
图7和8中说明了这样一个偶接件的实例。在这一实例中,由管状元件93构成的焊接插口由塑料制成,并在内表面或靠近内表面装有两组线圈94和95。位于这些线圈尾端的端子或接触点96、97固定在管体内,而且优选与该点处的管表面齐平。如此地配置这些接触点,以致于尾销组件100、101能够临时地固定在这些接触点上。图7显示了完全装配好的焊接插口。如果希望的话,可以跨过焊接插口连接这两组线圈,这样仅需要两个尾销,插口的每一侧各一个。
尾销组件包括由塑料管套按正常方式加以防护的尾销101、102。每一个组件还具有一个基本上贴着插口管外表面周线的底板106、107。底板起固定点的作用,并可以设想出各种各样的固定方法。由此,尾销组件能够被恰当地拧入或粘结在或滑动配合在焊接插口的管端上。在一个优选的实施例中,采用一种点焊技术,在一些关键点上把上述两个部件超声焊接在一起。这些焊接点是足够强的,能够使两个部件保持连接,并保持尾销与线圈接触点之间的电连接,然而又是足够弱的,以致于在焊接完成及被测试之后,尾销组件或端子装置能够被拆去。优选的固定方法,将由材料专家确定,并将部分地取决于所使用的材料和用途。本发明的部件被认为是独立的和可拆除的尾销组件。实际上在使用超声焊接的情况下,尾销组件能够用锤击敲掉,或用改锥撬开。可以设置一个具有某种形状的进入点(图中未显示),以允许改锥刀口在临时端子装置和偶接件本体之间插进去。利用杠杆作用起动改锥,使两个部件分离。其结果是,已完工的偶接件没有明显的突起伸出凸于偶接件的外圆表面。这使人又能认识到,在以上所描述的焊接操作的最后,没有突起凸于焊接插口的通常呈管状的表面上。
槽108是一个仔细考虑的零件,即使当焊接插口被装配入紧密配合的辅管之内,仍然能为气体/蒸汽和液体提供从焊接插口上流过的通道。这不仅有助于装配操作,而且还确保了有一个畅通的通道提供给可能泄漏到主管与辅管之间填隙空间的任何燃料。
以下还描述了一个适合用于辅管的上述插口的较大的变体。
图9、10、11和12中显示了又一个优选实施例。这些图显示了一个两部件的连接件200,连接件200分两个部件213和214制成。为了便于说明,图中没有显示线圈。图9~12(包括图9、12)采用了相似于图1~3中所采用的编号系统。从先前的描述中得知,偶接件的一个部件必须包含两组电加热元件。理论上讲,无论哪一部件都是如此。因此,虽然图3中显示了中心组线圈17装在部件13的内表面上,但是它们能够同样恰当地被设置在部件14在中心区15的外表面上。
在图9~12(包括图9、12)中所描述的实例中,锁定机构由伸入到部件214中较大直径的开口里的肋250构成,此肋嵌入部件213中对应的L形槽中。一旦此肋完全插入“L”的开口孔中,两部件可以彼此之间相对转动,这样沿着偶接件的纵轴,两部件就不会被拉开而分离。两部件一旦按这一方式找齐,在相应的加热元件之间内部的接触点就形成接线装置229、229′。
部件213和214的一般形状类似于图1~3中管子连接所描述的形状。部件213呈套筒形状,其第一端253的内径大到足以越过用于将主管段与主管段或与弯头或与T形管连接起来的偶接件。此第一端255的外径适合用于并被设计成与部件214的第一端的内径形成紧滑配合。
部件213的第二端有内径表面263,内径表面263适合用于并被设计成与被连接管的外径形成紧滑配合。此内径表面263在其表面还装有电线圈(未在图中显示),其一端连接于尾销228,另一端连接于接线装置229。
部件213的第一端含有切进直径253的内表面的一个L形槽251。
部件214呈套筒形状,其第一端具有内径223,内径223适合用于并被设计成与辅管的外径形成紧滑配合。其第一端装有两组尾销226、227。
部件214的第二端的内径被设计成并适合用于与部件213的第一端的外径形成紧滑配合,和与弯头或T形接头的外径形成紧滑配合。部件214的第二端的内表面还设置有肋250,肋250适合用于嵌入以上所描述的L形槽251中。
图13显示了采用根据本发明的连接件所形成的一个管对管的连接。采用电熔连接件239,主管234和235被端对端地对接在一起。然后可对这种焊接的完整性进行测试。
在进行主管的连接之前,连接部件213和214在辅管231和232的对应管端上是滑动的。为了主管的连接能够不受阻碍地形成,部件213和214需要反向滑动,避向旁边。一旦主管的连接完成,并被测试,连接部件213和214就能够被拉在一起,套住主管的连接区,且锁定啮合。然后,使电流通过线圈216、217和218,将两个连接部件彼此熔合,并与两段辅助密封管熔合在一起。然后该连接就能够被进行压力测试。
图14~15显示了根据本发明的又一个实施例的一个对开的偶接件,该偶接件含有又一种被设计成将两个部件锁定在一起的锁定机构。两个部件313~314的一般结构如以上所述。
在这一实施例中,部件313中圆环状肩360与部件314中端径面359成对配合,肩360含有两个销子249和250。图15E中较详细地显示了其中的一个销子。销子被牢固地嵌入肩的表面,以致于在正常使用过程中不会松动。每一个销子基本上是相同的,并都由一个横截面基本上为圆形的、削端的栓构成,栓基本上与肩成直角伸出。而且,每一嵌入肩的栓端被连接到线圈318(图中未显示)。
图14中,特别是图14E中,显示了锁定机构的其它部件。锁眼形的孔351A和351B设置在部件314上的外端径肩359内。销子249、250能够穿过锁眼的基本上呈环形的区段,而且部件313和314彼此相对旋转,迫使销子进入各自对应锁眼的狭窄段。锁眼的狭窄段被设计成横截面略小于销子,使锁眼的母体接入销子的母体。这样做有两个目的:确保良好的电连接,并防止两个部件在焊接过程中分离。安排两个销子和两个锁眼与各自对应的线圈相连接,这是考虑到单独某一个连接失灵这种不大可能的事件发生。
本发明的偶接件能够由被材料专家所确定的任何合适的塑料材料制成。通常,它们选自下面一组材料制成:
       聚乙烯
       聚丙烯
       聚氯乙烯
然而,这一组材料还可以包括其它的塑料,例如:
       尼龙612
       聚酰胺
       聚酰胺6,11或12
       聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯
       聚偏二氯乙烯或聚偏二氟乙烯
       乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物
或以上所述的任何材料的混合体。
从以上的描述中得知,本发明提供了一种由两个部件形成的电熔偶接件,两个部件至少含有一个电熔加热元件和至少一个电连接端子,第一部件适合独立地用于管对管配件的连接,并且第一和第二部件适合以套形结构成对装配用于两段管的连接,而同时,它们自己也被连接在一起。
第一部件的电熔加热元件在相对的两端与两个接线尾销相连接,使电流能够在不必牵涉第二部件的情况下通过电熔线圈。第一部件还含有一个接线装置,在使用过程中,该接线装置适合用于通过第二部件中的一个相应的接线装置在第一部件中的电熔加热元件和第二部件中的电熔加热元件之间提供一个电连接。一旦按这一方式进行连接,电流能够同时流过两组电线圈,从而使第一和第二部件熔合在一起,并使第一部件和第二部件熔合于相邻的管段。
可以通过该部件中的另一个尾销D(未在图中显示)取代连接机构229/229′对部件14进行调整。调整后,两个部件13和部件14,以及它们在其它实施例中的同等物,能够单独地或共同地用于连接管路系统构件。
根据本发明的偶接件能够用于具有不同规格、形状及横截面的各种类型的管子和管件。偶接件还能够即用于主管也用于辅管。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于将两根或两根以上的管段连接在一起,或用于连接管段和管道系统配件的电熔偶接件,所述偶接件包括:
(i)一个第一部件,其第一端的第一内径适合用于与第一管段形成紧滑配合,其第二端的第二内径大于第一端的第一内径,并且具有大体上均匀的横截面;
(ii)一个第二部件,其第一端的第一内径适合用于与第二管段形成紧滑配合,其第二端的外径适合用于与第一部件的第二内径形成紧滑配合,如此两个部件能够在重叠区彼此紧密套住;其特征在于:两个部件中装有电加热元件和电连接终端,以致于第一部件能够独立于第二部件用于连接管段与管或管路系统配件,或者第一和第二部件能够联合在一起用于连接两根相邻的管段;以及,当第一和第二部件完全彼此套住时,在这两个部件之间就建立起一个电连接。
2.一种如权利要求1中所要求的电熔偶接件,其中,偶接件的第一部件设置有一个位于或靠近其第一内径的表面、并且位于或靠近其第二内径的表面的电加热元件,所述电加热元件的两端连接于电连接端子。
3.一种如权利要求1中所要求的电熔偶接件,其中,偶接件的第二部件设置有一个位于或靠近第二部件的第一内径的表面的电加热元件,所述电加热元件的第一端连接于一个电连接端子,其另一端连接于一个接线装置,在使用过程中,所述接线装置适合用于在第一部件和第二部件之间形成一个电连接。
4.一种如权利要求1所要求的电熔偶接件,其中,第一部件中的电加热元件设置有一个接线装置,在使用过程中,所述接线装置适合用于在第一部件和第二部件之间形成一个电连接。
5.一种如权利要求1所要求的电熔偶接件,其中,第一部件的第二内径适合用于在诸如弯头或T形接头这样的管接头上形成紧滑配合,并且涉及到重叠区的电加热元件位于或靠近第一部件的第二内径的表面。
6.一种如权利要求1所要求的电熔偶接件,其中,偶接件设置有3个电连接尾销,两个与第一部件中的电加热元件相关联,第三个与第二部件中的电加热元件相关联。
7.一种如权利要求1所要求的电熔偶接件,其中,设置了一个锁定机构,适合用于将两个部件以套形结构锁在一起。
8.一种如权利要求7中所要求的电熔偶接件,其中,锁定机构还提供了用于在偶接件的两个部件中的电加热元件之间建立起电接触的装置。
9.一种如权利要求7或权利要求8中所要求的电熔偶接件,其中,锁定机构有一个插销设置在偶接件的一个部件上,适合用于与偶接件的另一部件上的一个锁眼形的孔相啮合。
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