CN1262027A - Widely adaptable crops transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

A widely adaptable crops transplanter is disclosed, which features that its friction is overcomes by the inertial effect expressed by the sudden variation of movement and the object is driven to move toward target by means of gravitational force, inclined surface and inertialcentrifugal force. Its ground wheels can serve to ridge. Its digging spade is used for bunch transplanting. Its special separation measure is additionally used for dibble.

Description

A kind of crops transplanter that widely is suitable for

The present invention relates to a kind of planting machine that various crops are used that extensively is suitable for.Can do as it that furrow planting, ridge are planted, the cave plants.It both can be used for planting of alms bowl seedling raising, also can be used for broadcasting sowing the seedling that bears as sweet potato, shallot, corn etc. and chose to come and planting of doing.Only need the plus-minus annex to use when the time comes.It also can be used for the program request of large seed or capsuled seed.

Existing agricultural transplanting machinery has rice transplanter, and it is to insert the rice shoot of planting bunchy.The planting machine of one cave, one strain is like not seeing.An Agricultural Machinery Exhibition in Jinan did not just have planting machine one class type to put on display as 99 year autumn, exhibition have only rice transplanter.Several supervisors that expose are not made the plant setting function yet.As the agricultural machinery of " a many-side people-61A type garden supervisor " of up-to-date high-tech product " Asia multifunctional management machine " [Asia (Weifang) agricultural machinery Co., Ltd sells], Beijing Agricultural Machinery Inst and Beijing's agricultural mechanical technology development company of Korea S, company of blue sky, Guangxi group (limited), the agricultural machinery of Dajinshan Industry Co., Ltd., Nanjing of golden frog group, the agricultural machinery of Changjiang River of Anhui machinery group, the agricultural machinery that Jiangsu Tongshan County Guo collects machinery plant, and the agricultural machinery product at our several places, Shandong Province all lacks the function of planting.

A my patent ZL97244980.9 " a kind of corn rice shoot plant feed unit " tries hard to from realizing automation fully to heeling-in for seedling, and the complex structure rice shoot that the female soil of root system is shaken off of but can only planting is unsuitable for the young pearl that nutritive cube is cultivated as a result.The major technique of using on the machine has the floating stream of water to send confession seedling, the diffusing seedling of intermittent shower, breach bye absorption seedling, seedling catcher to plant seedling etc.Complex structure, adaptability is narrow.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of type that widely is suitable for, solve the agricultural mechanization problem that crop is transplanted this band generality.

The objective of the invention is to realize by following content.

Extensively mainly form by seedling disc [1], bent axle [22], seedling guide canal [5], supporting system, transmission system and ridging land wheel [8] with crops transplanter.

Seedling disc [1] feature is to be equipped with the seedling device as the Sheng seedling to be short garden taper, and seedling disc surface (being garden cone flank face) edge erects has the small baffle [2] that is parallel to the garden radius with garden week five equilibrium.Each every have symmetry in vain with two in the parallel slit of radius, center, can hold parallel two and change and refer to that [3] rotate and pass through, every aerial seedling alms bowl dial-out seedling disc.Seedling disc is done stepping and is intermittently rotated, and turns over one every sky at every turn.Seedling disc has small baffle part to open with all the other smooth part are divisible, and this central smooth conical surface part can have a plurality of, so that the staff contains seedling and is equipped with and vacates the part exchange on seedling and the machine when machine works.

The annular section that seedling disc is partitioned into can be garden, plane ring, also tapering can be arranged slightly.

It is that its crouching is put in the concentric with it garden tube [4] that seedling disc [1] has characteristics in addition, and one section leg that forms seedling disc that the garden tube exceeds is so tube title leg tube.The leg tube is the part of supporting system, it is characterized in that leg tube epimere has a width perpendicular slit wideer slightly than seedling alms bowl, and this is the outlet that the seedling alms bowl is transferred to seedling disc.The motion path of continuity since then of seedling alms bowl is the seedling guide canal [5] under being fixed in that the leg drum outer wall is perpendicular and slitting.Seedling disc intermittently rotates, and changes to refer to that the continuously and smoothly rotates, and seedling disc was just in the intermittent phase when corresponding commentaries on classics referred to pass through the slit.This timing is finished by the bent axle [22] that distributes motion.Feature be the seedling disc axle at vertical direction, bent axle in the horizontal direction, bent axle is applied in and occupies two holes in four holes of the same garden of leg tube on week under the seedling disc on the leg tube.In the horizontal plane that this four hole is determined, sawtooth cylinder edge wheel [16] is installed on the seedling disc axle.Wheel is corresponding therewith a small eccentricity handle of writing music on bent axle, to [16] transmission of sawtooth cylinder edge wheel, the stepping that forms seedling disc [1] is intermittently rotated by shank [17].

Imagination seedling disc and leg tube are crossed the common axis cross section of the perpendicular central authorities of slitting, and the imagination is found out the intersection point of this cross section and bent axle, makes bent axle bend a crank at this point, and the degree of eccentricity is suitably big.The task of crank is to force stop leg [27] or the shovel [Fig. 4] of burrowing is done vertical direction and moved back and forth herein, executes the task.The feature of stop leg is that hypomere is branched into two limbs, so name stop leg.Furrow planting, ridge are planted all and can be used.The groove shape guide rail [25] of constraint stop leg motion has two, is fixed on leg tube inner face under the bent axle symmetrically.The epimere that is clipped in the stop leg in two guide rail grooves is vertically being split dimidiation.The central authorities that form split seam and hold long connecting rod [26] and insert and be connected with stop leg pin, are the straight reciprocating motion of stop leg with the rotation motion of crank.

Other has feature is two holes in addition that another axle [14] parallel with bent axle runs through four holes on the leg tube.This stage casing perpendicular slitting of corresponding leg located, and stretches out two microdactylias [3] of the vertical axis that is arranged in parallel, and they are exactly to refer to by the commentaries on classics that plays an important role every aerial parallel two slits.This axle is driven by bent axle, and two speed equate, is to be that two pairs of eccentric wheels of 90 ° are by connecting rod [10] realization with the device phasic difference.Above-mentioned two external parts are by 4 that constitute rectangle on the same horizontal plane in slave chassis parallel isometric four pillars [15] supportings of stretching out, and physical dimension should allow that four pillar supporting leg tubes composition parallelepiped synchronizes them the constant amplitude swing, just like lifting bridal sedan chair.Four pillars are parts of supporting system, it is characterized in that wherein the axle of two pillars on the machine chassis is exactly to use preceding land axle.The rotation of preceding land wheel can be passed to the bent axle [22] of this two shore supports by vee-pulley [19] (or gear), makes its work.This land wheel also can unload and the vee-pulley on this is connected with output shaft on the hauling machine, power is uploaded made bent axle work.

Another is special to land wheel [8] structure, it is characterized in that land wheel is broken down into loose piece.Each loose piece is to connect the rim leaf that separates mutually under the crooked rectangular spoke to form.Right angle corner point at spoke is done a pin-and-hole, and on propeller boss, land wheel just is spliced with this loose piece pin joint.Bend the one section spoke that and be trapped among around the land axle external part, be equivalent to propeller boss and stretch out elongated like rack stake.If land axle is a general axis, each loose piece can be limited in forming in the square with the axis plane garden, plane wheel, and the rolling bearing effect still.But herein the axle external part cylinder on below and the rear to outer lug, so the loose piece at rear, land wheel below can be tilted to the wheel inboard by protruding jack-up because of rack stake, when advancing, the land wheel rolling, increased function with regard to holding up the ridge effect because of the loose piece that turns to the rear, below is forced to have tilted to gather around native heeling-in to the inside.Can install roller bending on the spoke that.

This machine can with supervisor or (hand steered) tractor, also can alone become a machine.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples operation principle of the present invention is described further.

Fig. 1 is the front view of parts relevant position schematic diagram on the machine for general assembly drawing.

Fig. 2 is the general assembly vertical view.

Fig. 3 is the general assembly left view.

Fig. 4 is the shovel schematic diagram of burrowing.

Fig. 5 is sequence number, the title figure of main parts size of the present invention.

Be thrown on the seedling disc [1] the alms bowl seedling raising full side by side, machine is pulled and advances, the preceding land wheel [24] that rolls forward promptly rotates by the planetary gear [20] that transmission system vee-pulley [19] drives on the bent axle [22], the small eccentricity of the bent axle handle (because of sawtooth cylinder edge wheel [16] is littler than coaxial seedling disc [1] radius, so stroke is reduced in proportion) of writing music is promptly taken turns [16] by the dilatory sawtooth cylinder edge of shank [17] and is made it to do stepping with coaxial seedling disc [1] and intermittently rotate.Changeing spindle [14] in the time of intermittently makes commentaries on classics on it refer to that [3] take advantage of the occasion to stretch up and turn out every two aerial parallel slits from the dish edge, so this is dialled from seedling disc every aerial alms bowl seedling raising, go up unique perpendicular slitting by leg [4] and fall into the seedling guide canal [5] that is fixed on leg tube [4] outer wall.Before seedling guide canal extends downwardly into back land wheel [8] hip crotch.The seedling guide canal outlet section has gap backward, can hold upright rice shoot and expose from seedling guide canal.Rice shoot is transferred and puts in place like this.The bent axle that rotates also makes the large eccentricity handle of writing music stretch out shape from level and rotate and force long connecting rod [26] to push away stop leg [27] to be pressed in or to insert on the ground along stretching under the guide rail [25] that is fixed on leg tube [4] inwall, ground drag forces leg tube [4] and supporting member thereof no longer together to advance with complete machine, and this forces four pillars [15] the relative fuselage of having to swing the in fact motionless fact of support to adapt to it backward.Be able to motionless seedling guide canal [5] like this and just shroud and escort rice shoot and make it to accept that the service of ridging land wheel [8] of both sides process is unlikely topples over, soil pressure is less than on the branches and leaves.This rice shoot is just planted.This process large eccentricity handle of writing music forces stop leg [27] to be finished from the stroke mid point to the down limit motion of backstroke mid point again by connecting rod [26].The stop leg is not held and is packed up built on stilts.This makes compressed just now back-moving spring [6] that the leg tube [4] of four pillars [15] and upper support thereof is pushed back together with annex, and seedling guide canal is translation forward, and the rice shoot of planting exposes from the gap that seedling guide canal [5] rear wall stays, and waits behind.

Bent axle in this process [22] is gone up the small eccentricity handle of writing music finishes along moving of upwards creeping in the tooth inclined-plane end hook to pusher shank [17] in the past.Design this crank the degree of eccentricity so that the stroke of shank suitably greater than the width of sawtooth, before the shank stroke is finished like this, end hook has fallen from peak and has entered last backlash, makes the seedling disc intermittent phase greater than the stepping phase motion state be changed sharply, strengthens the effect of inertia effect.The seedling alms bowl is borrowed the easy overcome friction constraint of inertia to make minute movement and is sought the potential trough point, also refers to that to commentaries on classics [3] enter the slit with more time leeway.By unlikely the running out of of leg constraint, therefore leg is had pressure every aerial seedling alms bowl, shank [17] when drag movement is finished seedling disc will be braked by the frictional force of seedling alms bowl.Just slit for seedling to perpendicular for the second time in a week every absolutely empty will the rotation after going out.Seedling disc is big, and the cycle is just big, can win when enough the chien shih sky and fill every empty oneself.

The principle that the oneself fills is such: seedling disc is done stepping and is intermittently rotated, because of forcing it, shake on four pillars again, its motion state changes complicated, seedling alms bowl will be because of the constraint of inertia overcome friction on it, constantly do minute movement and seek homeostasis, obviously the inclined-plane here, gravity, centrifugal inertial force three effects force seedling alms bowl trend dish edge to do progressive motion, and last position is that the dish edge is every sky.

This machine extensively is suitable for.It can do furrow planting, ridge is planted use.The anterior plough [23] of installing in furrow planting chassis on opportunity.Can do the cave during the big spacing in the rows crop of watermelon, cucurbit and plant, stop leg this moment [27] is with shovel [Fig. 4] replacement of burrowing.The shovel of burrowing is that 6 slice bar sheets [28] surround and are pinned at spade [33] end and get.Every slice bar sheet all bores the hole of the parallel edge of shovel at mid point, umbrella support [29] pin joint that this hole gives off with being pinned at strut [30], and spade [33] penetrates for hollow tube can hold strut [30].Additional pin connects a waist on the strut the control lever of step [31].All the other structures of spade and stop leg [27] upper semisection with, have that central authorities split that seam can hold that connecting rod [26] inserts and with spade [33] pin joint.When the strut control lever penetrated in the spade pipe, the step of control lever [31] waist can hang on the spade end tube chamber reducing edge, and also motion has the constraint guide effect to strut in this tube chamber reducing.When spade is done the vertical motion rising in both sides guide-track groove [25], creep in the passive control inclined-plane [11] along leg tube inwall of trundle of this control rod end, this makes control lever swung in the spade pipe by thrust to huddle up, and the waist step is also just shunk back backward, stopped by the tube chamber reducing.The strut control lever is hung down by deadweight along pipe, and umbrella support [29] becomes garden face shape by cone-shaped, and garden that cutting edge the encloses week support of shovel sheet [28] is big, and the soil of holding scatters.Shovel descendingly afterwards, strut [30] end touches ground and is prevented from when inserting the enough degree of depth of soil.Umbrella support [29] became the conical surface by the garden face when edge of shovel continued to insert down, and the edge of shovel shrinks to central authorities, held institute and enclosed soil.At this moment because the relative spade of strut control lever in spade [33] pipe moves up, and the step of control lever waist floats up thrust spring [32] and it hung over again on the tube chamber reducing edge pin, the regolith is gripped firmly.It is up that crank makes the shovel of burrowing afterwards, and the regolith digs out and forms the hole.Push when up result makes the control controlled inclined-plane of rod end trundle [11] again, when step was shunk back sinking, soil scattered again.It is motionless when shoveling only in not burying to burrow, and the other time all together advances with body, and soil does not drop on the place, cave.Because hole and seedling alms bowl sizableness, it is inessential to earth up, and the ridging land wheel is replaceable, or the eccentric lobe of land wheel axle head is pulled down, or changes the small size projection.Change belt wheel or gear, change gearratio, with the big requirement of adapted strain distance.When burrowing, seedling guide canal is to seedling dibbling seedling before this.

When planting no alms bowl rice shoot such as sweet potato, shallot, corn, adjust and mainly on seedling disc, carry out.To form a conial tube with the mode that vertical small baffle [2] installs high plate additional every the garden at empty place ring, suitable for reading big.To stay a use every one of aerial two gap shielding.Perpendicular slitting stayed at corresponding this seam place of conial tube.This equals seedling disc and has attached another the higher road leg that is consolidated on the card at the dish edge.The conical surface of seedling disc is partly used steeper dimension face instead, is 90 ° as drift angle, makes the rice shoot that holds thereon become partly to lie down state.This no alms bowl rice shoot was gone up motion to increasing garden week when seedling disc was done pitch motions, produced the effect of evacuating mutually each other, and pressure has the trend that reduces mutually.Be in the rice shoot at place, single slit because long porpoising meeting is absorbed in this single slit.Under single slit seedling holder [34] is installed, its picture " rice " font impeller.The seedling root that any moment seedling holder is all sagged with a blade support.The plane of seedling stipule sheet and the plane copline at core wheel place, but sagging pit is arranged on the blade, when each blade is in the operating position, at the bottom of its pit square impact list slit, so be absorbed in the constraint that the rice shoot in slit is subjected to pit.When commentaries on classics refers to the roll-in and roll-out slit, this blade dialled from the position of quadrature mutually, slit, become parallelly with the slit, rice shoot is also stroked by the slit edge and sweeps pit, is pushed into seedling guide canal.This quadrature position is filled vacancies in the proper order in the former blade parallel with slit follow-up, carries out the follow-up task of being absorbed in the rice shoot in slit of supporting.

Do when program request is used and continue to use the measure that the no alms bowl rice shoot of planting is taked basically, but used seedling disc has almost become planar disk, the pit size and the degree of depth on seedling holder [34] blade and wait to sow the big or small suitable of son or capsuled seed.The degree of depth of noting pit should be less than the diameter of seed, and is advisable with the radius that is a bit larger tham seed.Referred to by commentaries on classics with the blade of slit intersection location that [3] stir and form when parallel with the slit that the seed in its pit is promptly stroked by the slit edge and sweeps, and falls in seedling guide canal when being in, program request is to the ditch cave.

For making the rice shoot that enters slit and pit or seed and succession be separated with mutually that a segment distance is not messy to make that to change the supply work that refers to accurately agile, plan takes following measure to do assurance: the conical surface part of doing the usefulness of containing storage that makes the seedling disc middle part, downward sedimentation is several millimeters during than normal the use, make it and form step every the garden at empty place ring, it acquires a certain degree of difficulty to cause rice shoot or seed to jump over, but the accumulation of the porpoising composition in the passive compound movement of doing of seedling disc and the probability in the very long work period makes them still can cross this one " obstacle " and enters pit in the seedling holder.Be fixed on the leg the perpendicular skew back that slits again and stretch to step (every an idle loop) little flat brush, doing stepping when seedling disc rotates, certain every sky arrive prepare herein to seedling guide canal for seedling for kind the time, jump onto and can not find the rice shoot of sky pit on the step or seed can be run into little flat brush and swept back.Refer to stir the seedling holder in commentaries on classics and do the blink of supplying with before moving, the succession is not easy to jump onto step again and fights for, and individual plant is caused interference for seedling for planting.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of crops that widely are suitable for are carried and plant machine.Use with supervisor or (hand steered) tractor.Also can alone become a machine.On the chassis of land wheel supporting four pillars [15] are installed.The leg tube [4] that it is characterized in that four shore supports is inclusive with seedling disc [1], sawtooth cylinder edge wheel [16], bent axle [22], guide rail [25], and seedling guide canal [5] is housed outward.It is that land wheel [8] has ridging and holds up the ridge function that feature is arranged, and uses the special shovel [Fig. 4] of burrowing when the cave plants, and no alms bowl seedling is planted or large seed point uses seedling holder [34] sowing time.

2, according to the described planting machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that seedling disc [1] becomes short garden taper, seedling disc marginal surface one annular region is erect the small baffle [2] that five equilibrium garden week is arranged, every in the air relevant for center radius symmetry and two parallel slits.Annular with interior conical surface part therewith annular separate.Seedling disc is done stepping and is intermittently rotated, and utilizes motion sharply to change the inertia effect overcome friction of performance, utilizes gravity, inclined-plane, centrifugal inertial force to order about working substance and move to desired location gradually.

3, according to the described planting machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that the seedling disc crouching is put in the concentric with it leg tube [4], the part that the leg tube exceeds forms the leg of seedling disc, the leg tube not only supports coaxial seedling disc [1], the sawtooth cylinder edge wheel [16] gone up, also device has parallel two in garden, same cross section, and wherein one is bent axle [22].Another stage casing parallel is shown two microdactylias of vertical axis, claims to change to refer to [3].Leg tube inwall with the intersection of the longitudinal section at bent axle place on be fixed with groove guide rail [25], have vertical slitting on the leg, the leg drum outer wall is equipped with seedling guide canal [5] under vertical slitting.

4,, it is characterized in that the bent axle of installing on the leg tube [22] is important power transfer parts according to the described planting machine of claim 1.Two place's cranks are arranged on it.The small eccentricity handle of writing music drives a shank [17], and shank intermittently rotates the stepping around vertical pivot that the rotation of the trunnion axis of crank is converted into seedling disc [1], and the sawtooth cylinder edge wheel [16] on the same vertical pivot has played intermediation to this conversion.The large eccentricity handle of writing music drives the stop leg [27] or the shovel [Fig. 4] of burrowing, and does the reciprocating motion of vertical direction.The rotation of changeing spindle comes from the transmission of two eccentric wheels of bent axle by connecting rod [10], and two eccentric wheels have 90 ° of phasic differences.Change spindle [14] and rotate, will transfer to every aerial target by the slit on the seedling disc but commentaries on classics refers to take advantage of the intermittent phase with bent axle [22] constant speed.

5,, it is characterized in that land wheel has the ridging function concurrently according to the described planting machine of claim 1.This land wheel [8] is divided to make loose piece, and each loose piece is to connect the rim leaf that separates mutually under the crooked rectangular spoke to form.Right angle corner point at spoke has the pin-and-hole pin joint on propeller boss, and bending the one section spoke that, to be equivalent to propeller boss elongated.There is projection the land axle extension, and this projection can top spoke be bent the section of going out and loose piece played gather around native heeling-in and hold up the ridge effect when land wheel rolled and to advance.

6, according to the described planting machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that leg tube [4] is supported by four pillars [15] of forming parallelepiped four ribs, when contacting to earth, the stop leg [27] that moves downward along guide rail [25] make leg tube [4] when stopping random motion, four pillars [15] can be made the back pendulum of the relative body of adaptability, are able to motionless seedling guide canal [5] like this and can escort the ridging service that rice shoot is accepted the ridging land wheel [8] of both sides process.Wherein the wheel for inputting [20] on the bent axle of two pillar supportings [22] can obtain power from the lower shaft that supports this two pillar as planetary gear.

7, according to the described planting machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that using plant as the cave time use unique shovel [Fig. 4] of burrowing, it is that multi-disc shovel sheet [28] is crowded around pin joint and held the tubular article that forms at spade [33].Each shovels the sheet waist has pin-and-hole to have strut [30] pin of control lever to be connected by umbrella support [29] with additional, strut [30] control lever [31] penetrates in the spade of hollow, the control inclined-plane of settling on the suitable leg inwall of trundle of control lever with shovel rising end [11] is when creeping, control lever is subjected to the lateral thrust swing, its waist is blocked in the step indentation spade cavity of the mouth of pipe, and control lever and the strut power of relying on for support is sunk to making the umbrella that is connected it on to support to become garden face shape by cone-shaped and is strutted the edge of shovel and hold soil in making and spread down.Keep in the descending insertion soil of this shape later on.Nearly contact to earth and end in strut [30] lower end finally the time, and shovel continues the descending strut control lever that causes to be had relative to moving of making progress, and the step of control lever waist is exposed from the spade pipe, and thrust spring [32] keeps off at the mouth of pipe step once more.This makes the strut control lever drive umbrella support pulling scraper cutting edge and draws in and pin, and makes and holds the dungeon admittedly.Shovel that soil scoops away when up, the hole forms.

8, according to the described planting machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that it is held concurrently can to do planting of no alms bowl rice shoot, also can do the program request use of large seed or capsuled seed.Change the suitable seedling disc of the conical surface gradient this moment.The seedling disc conical surface is steep when doing no alms bowl rice shoot and planting, and the dish edge installs thick conial tube shape leg suitable for reading additional, and a use is stayed in the aerial slit of septum primum, is mounted with the holder of cross impeller shape seedling under the slit, on its blade pit is arranged.Seedling disc was almost the plane when program request was used.Guarantee that be several millimeters of downward sedimentations when the garden conical surface of the usefulness of doing the Sheng storage in the middle part of the seedling disc is more normally used for seedling for kind of agile not messy measure.Jump onto the no alms bowl rice shoot of the step that causes like this or the seed person that falls to the pit to seedling guide canal for seedling for kind, the supernumerary is swept under the rank that return to Chinese Taiwan, so can reduce commentaries on classics is referred to the interference of [3] individual plant for the seedling kind.

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