CN1261888A - 2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧啶,其制备方法及其治疗用途 - Google Patents

2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧啶,其制备方法及其治疗用途 Download PDF

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CN1261888A
CN1261888A CN98806845A CN98806845A CN1261888A CN 1261888 A CN1261888 A CN 1261888A CN 98806845 A CN98806845 A CN 98806845A CN 98806845 A CN98806845 A CN 98806845A CN 1261888 A CN1261888 A CN 1261888A
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R·默克斯-威阿德尔
J·菲里卡拉-科斯坦萨
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Abstract

本发明涉及式(Ⅰ)的化合物2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧啶及其生理可接受盐。

Description

2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧 啶,其制备方法及其治疗用途
本发明涉及2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧啶,其制备方法及其治疗用途从以及其生理可接受的盐,其制备方法,及其在人类和/或兽类治疗中作为药物的应用,以及含有它们的药物组合物。
本申请人的专利EP382637和EP497659公开了多种具有抗焦虑和/或镇静作用的嘧啶基哌嗪基烷基唑衍生物。虽然专利EP382637要求保护嘧啶的5位被卤原子取代的嘧啶基哌嗪基烷基唑衍生物,但是此类化合物的实例只公开了两例,而且这两种情况都仅涉及溴原子。
本申请人现在发现在嘧啶的5位引入氟原子取代基,特别是其中唑是被一个甲基在2位和被两个氯原子在4和5位三取代的咪唑时,得到了作为本发明主题的化合物,此化合物具有优异的生物性质,使其特别适用于人和/或兽类治疗应用。具体地讲,作为本发明主题的该化合物适用作止吐剂用于抗晕船(运动引起的恶心),用作抗抑郁剂或抗焦虑剂,作为胃酸分泌或强迫性神经症抑制剂,用于包括人在内的哺乳动物的恐慌发作和睡眠窒息中。
按照本发明,通过下述方法之一能制备化合物2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧啶及其生理可接受盐:
a)8-(5-氟-2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂-5-氮鎓杂螺[4.5]癸烷与4,5-二氯-2-甲基-1H-咪唑在碳酸钾存在下,在偶极质子惰性溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺中反应。该反应温度可以在70℃至溶剂的回流温度之间变化,且此反应时间为3至48小时。
Figure A9880684500051
b)5-氟-2-(哌嗪-1-基)嘧啶与1-(4-氯丁基)-4,5-二氯-2-甲基-1H-咪唑在碳酸钾存在下,在偶极质子惰性溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺中反应。该反应温度可以在70℃至溶剂的回流温度之间变化,且此反应时间为3至48小时。该反应还可以在相转移条件下使用氢氧化钠水溶液、甲苯和催化剂如叔丁基溴化铵进行。在这些条件下,反应温度为50至90℃,反应时间为12至72小时。
Figure A9880684500052
c)2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶和生理可接受的酸如柠檬酸在适当的溶剂如乙醇中反应。
Figure A9880684500053
下列实施例给出作为本发明主题的新化合物及其生理可接受的盐的制备方法。也描述了一些生物活性和使用形式。下文给出的实施例只用于说明,决不是以任何方式限制本发明范围。
实施例1-制备2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶
将3.17g(0.01mol)8-(5-氟-2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂-5-氮鎓杂螺[4.5]癸烷、2.26g(0.015mol)4,5-二氯-2-甲基-1H-咪唑和76g(0.02mol)碳酸钾在80ml二甲基甲酰胺中的混合物维持回流12小时。随后将此混合物蒸发至干,并将所得粗品再溶解于氯仿中,用水反复洗涤。将此有机相干燥并蒸发,然后将所得粗品通过硅胶柱色谱纯化。得到3.3g(收率85%)油状2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶。IR(膜),cm-1:2944,1610,1555,1503,1449,1402,1361,1243,786.RMN′-H(CDCl3,300MHz),δ:1,54(m,2H),1,73(m,2H),2,34(s,3H),2,38(m,2H),2,43(m,4H),3,74(m,4H),3,85(m,2H),8,15(s,2H).
实施例2-制备2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶
将3.5g(0.02mol)5-氟-2-(哌嗪-1-基)嘧啶、6.04g(0.025mol)1-(4-氯丁基)-4,5-二氯-2-甲基-1H-咪唑和4.14g(0.03mol)碳酸钾在200ml二甲基甲酰胺中的混合物维持回流12小时。随后将此混合物蒸发至干,并将所得粗品再溶解于氯仿中,用水反复洗涤。将此有机相干燥并蒸发,然后将所得粗品通过硅胶柱色谱纯化。得到6.4g(收率83%)油状2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶。IR(膜),cm-1:2944,1610,1555,1503,1449,1402,1361,1243,786.RMN′-H(CDCl3,300MHz),δ:1,54(m,2H),1,73(m,2H),2,34(s,3H),2,38(m,2H),2,43(m,4H),3,74(m,4H),3,85(m,2H),8,15(s,2H).
实施例3-制备2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶柠檬酸盐
将1.1g(5.2mmol)柠檬酸一水合物加入到2g(5.2mol)2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶的无水乙醇溶液中。一段时间后,沉淀出2.72g(收率91%)2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶柠檬酸盐固体,M.p.为151-153℃。IR(KBR),cm-1:3780-2270(bb),1707,1616,1482,1429,1375,1244,1214.RMN′-H(DMSO-d6,300 MHz),δ:1,53(m,2H),1,66(m,2H),2,33(s,3H),2,53-2,74(a.c.,10H),3,75(m,4H),3,94(t,J=7,2Hz,2H),8,46(s,2H).
止吐活性:
按照Costall等描述的方法(神经药学,1986,25,959-961)研究本发明获得的化合物对白鼬恶心所产生的作用。
将两种性别的白鼬(0.7至1.4kg)单独地放在温度为21±1℃的笼中并正常喂养。在用硫酸铜(CuSO4·5H2O;100mg/kg胃内给药)或顺铂(10mg/kg,由颈部固定插管给药)处理前15分钟,皮下给药本实施例的化合物或载体以便进行预处理。在动物开始呕吐时对动物进行观察,硫酸铜组观察30分钟,顺铂组观察240分钟。呕吐的特征是节律性腹部收缩,还会排出固体或液体物质(呕吐)或不通过口排出物质(恶心)。记录恶心或呕吐的发作次数。
实施例3的化合物能够缓解由硫酸铜引起的恶心,并抑制由顺铂引起的恶心。
a)硫酸铜化合物                剂量(mg/kg,皮下给药)         恶心/呕吐的发作次数载体                  -                             8.2±1.4实施例3               0.001                         7.4±1.2(NS)
                  0.01                          3.2±0.6(*)
                  0.1                           1.0±0.2(*)
                  1                             1.7±0.3(*)(*)与对照载体数值相比p<0.05
b)顺铂化合物                剂量(mg/kg,皮下给药)        恶心/呕吐的发作次数载体                  -                             14.2±1.9实施例3               0.001                         13.8±2.4(NS)
                  0.01                          6.5±3.1(*)
                  0.1                           3.1±2.9(*)
                  1                             3.0±2.0(*)
(*)与对照载体数值相比p<0.05
对鼩鼱进行的晕动病研究
按照N.Matsuki等描述的方法(“呕吐机理与控制”,John LibbeyEmotex,1992,233,323-329)研究本实施例3的化合物对鼩鼱进行的晕动病(眩晕)所产生的作用。
重58-72g的雄性鼩鼱3只一组关在笼中,让它们自由获得固体食物和水。试验前1小时,在它们的笼中放猫粮。试验开始时,通过腹膜内给药待测产物对动物进行处理。30分钟后,把它们分别置于试验盒中(15×15×10cm),此盒与马达连接,使它们以某一频率向前并向后转几圈,以便引起恶心(晕动病)。此频率是1赫兹,位移距离为4cm。将这些动物在此试验盒中放30分钟,以便它们适应环境,然后开始将这些笼子活动20分钟,以便确定是否产生恶心(没有从消化道中排出物质)及呕吐(从消化道中排出物质)症状。
通过腹膜内给药0.01至10mg/kg实施例3的化合物可明显地抑制由运动引起的恶心(晕动病),缓解恶心和呕吐。化合物               剂量(mg/kg,腹膜内给药)      恶心/呕吐的发作次数载体                  -                           10.0±1.39实施例3              0.001                        8.38±1.41(NS)
                 0.01                         0.33±0.21(*)
                 0.1                          2.17±0.83(*)
                 1.0                          0.33±0.21(*)
                 10.0                         0±0(*)
(*)与对照载体数值相比p<0.0001
抗焦虑和抗抑郁活性
抗焦虑和抗抑郁活性由这些新化合物对5HT1A 5-羟色胺受体的亲和性(D.A.Glitz,Grugs,1991,41,11)和通过条件逃避反应试验(J.S.New等,J.Med.Chem.,1986,29,1476)证明。
a)与5HT1A 5-羟色胺受体的结合
使用大鼠海马均浆物,实施改良的S.J.Peroutka的方法(神经化学,1986,47,529)。[3H]-8-OH-DPAT用作放射配体而5-羟色胺用于检测非特异性结合。培养时间是15分钟,温度为37℃。通过玻璃纤维过滤器过滤分离与蛋白结合的放射配体,并通过液体闪烁测定过滤器上保留的放射活性。采用EBNA/LIGAND程序(Munson and Rodbard,分析生物化学,1980,107,220)通过非线性回归分析计算抑制常数(Ki,nM)。
实施例3的化合物的Ki=19.4nM
b)条件逃避反应(C.A.R.)试验
在此试验中,用重200g的雄性Wistar大鼠,在它们被放入盒中后,训练它们在Letica穿梭移动盒(参见LI910和LI2700)中在30秒内跳跃障碍。
具有抗焦虑或镇静活性的产物抑制条件逃避反应。
训练:第1天,以3分钟的间隔进行11次试验。电击其爪30秒(5mA,0.1s,10s)。第二和第三天:只对所选择的鼠进行两次每日试验(第一天的某些级别(除了第一次试验)>14)。试验的当天:选择鼠形成的组。在开始研究前45分钟,口服此产物或载体。
实施例3的化合物  ED50=9.7mg/kg,口服
胃酸分泌抑制活性
通过Shay方法(H.Shay等,Gastroenterology,1945,5,43;Visscher等,J.Pharmac.Exp.Ther.,1954,110,188)测定此活性。
此试验中使用重200至250g的雄性Wistar鼠,直至进行试验的那天为止保持这些鼠禁食,但是能自由地得到水。每批至少有4只鼠。
用乙醚麻醉这些鼠,对它们进行剖腹术,将它们的幽门系住,然后切开腹部。在缝合腹部切口前,十二指肠内(i.d.)给药这些产物。第一次试验的给药剂量为40mg/kg,然后确定半数有效剂量(ED50)。使用的载体是阿拉伯胶,在双蒸水中的浓度为5%w/v。
结扎幽门后2小时,通过用乙醚延长麻醉将鼠处死,测量胃液的体积。通过带有自动滴定管的pH检测仪测定总酸度。对于每个产物和每个被测剂量,相对于参考组确定胃酸分泌的抑制百分率。
实施例3的化合物  ED50=1.9mg/kg,i.d.
在人或兽用药中的日剂量为1mg至500mg产物,可以一次或多次给药。组合物被制成与给药途径相适合的形式例如,片剂、糖衣丸、硬明胶胶囊、栓剂、溶液或混悬剂。这些组合物通过已知方法制备且它们含有1至60%重量活性成分和40至99%的与适当的组合物的物理形式和活性组分相配伍的适宜药用载体。作为实例,以下给出含有本发明产物的三种药剂配方。
片剂配制实施例实施例3的化合物                        5mg乳糖                                   60mg纤维素晶体                             25mg聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K 90                     5mg预凝胶淀粉                             3mg胶体二氧化硅                           1mg硬脂酸镁                               1mg总重量                                 100mg
硬明胶胶囊配制实施例实施例3的化合物                        10mg聚氧乙烯甘油酯                         135mg甘油二十二烷酸酯                       5mg赋形剂                                 150mg
注射制剂的配制实施例实施例3的化合物                        4mg                 8mg氯化钠                                 15mg                30mg注射用水适量至                         2ml                 4ml

Claims (5)

1.下式的2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧啶化合物及其生理可接受的盐:
2.权利要求1所述化合物的生理可接受盐,例如2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶柠檬酸盐。
3.权利要求1或2的化合物的制备方法,其特征在于进行下列操作之一:
a)8-(5-氟-2-嘧啶基)-8-氮杂-5-氮鎓杂螺[4.5]癸烷与4,5-二氯-2-甲基-1H-咪唑在碳酸钾存在下,在偶极质子惰性溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺中反应;该反应温度可以在70℃至溶剂的回流温度之间变化,且此反应时间为3至48小时,
b)5-氟-2-(哌嗪-1-基)嘧啶与1-(4-氯丁基)-4,5-二氯-2-甲基-1H-咪唑在碳酸钾存在下,在偶极质子惰性溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺中反应。该反应温度可以在70℃至溶剂的回流温度之间变化,且此反应时间为3至48小时;该反应还可以在相转移条件下使用氢氧化钠水溶液、甲苯和催化剂如叔丁基溴化铵进行;在这些条件下,反应温度为50至90℃,反应时间为12至72小时,
c)2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]哌嗪-1-基}-5-氟嘧啶和生理可接受的酸如柠檬酸在适当的溶剂如乙醇中反应。
4.权利要求1、2和3的化合物在制备用于治疗眩晕、晕动病(恶心)、抑郁、焦虑、胃酸分泌、强迫性神经症、恐慌发作和睡眠窒息的药物方面的用途。
5.药物组合物,其特征在于其中除药用载体外还含有权利要求1和2之一所述的2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧啶或其生理可接受盐之一。
CN98806845A 1997-06-02 1998-05-28 2-{4-[4-(4,5-二氯-2-甲基咪唑-1-基)丁基]-1-哌嗪基}-5-氟嘧啶,其制备方法及其用途 Expired - Fee Related CN1094491C (zh)

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FR9706738A FR2763950B1 (fr) 1997-06-02 1997-06-02 2- {4- [4-(4,5-dichloro-2-methylimidazol-1-yl)butyl] -1- piperazinyl }-5-fluoropyrimidine, sa preparation et son utilisation therapeutique

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