CN1260381C - 一种从砷化镓工业废料中综合回收镓和砷的方法 - Google Patents
一种从砷化镓工业废料中综合回收镓和砷的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1260381C CN1260381C CNB2004100402720A CN200410040272A CN1260381C CN 1260381 C CN1260381 C CN 1260381C CN B2004100402720 A CNB2004100402720 A CN B2004100402720A CN 200410040272 A CN200410040272 A CN 200410040272A CN 1260381 C CN1260381 C CN 1260381C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gallium
- arsenic
- vacuum furnace
- gallium arsenide
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种从砷化镓工业废料中综合回收镓和砷的方法。其特征是以含镓48%,砷52%的砷化镓工业废料为原料,经过破碎,压制成团块,入真空炉,控制压力0.1~10Pa,温度700~1000℃,使砷化镓分解,得到镓和砷。该发明对环境污染小,劳动强度低,金属的生产成本低,回收率高。
Description
一、技术领域:真空冶金。
二、背景技术:
稀散金属镓由于其性质独特,近十几年被用于光电子器件及集成电路,特别是以GaAs、GaP为代表的器件的应用,使镓的用量逐年上升,成为了当代信息技术发展的重要支撑材料。镓的年产量也从上世纪50年代末期的100公斤左右到2003年的200吨。镓在自然界中没有形成单独的具有开采价值的镓矿床,而是以类质同晶态伴生在硫镓铜矿、铝、锌、锗、含锗煤等矿床中,目前生产镓是从提取铝、锌、锗等的副产品中将镓综合回收;另一个生产镓的来源就是从含镓的废料中回收,主要是GaAs的废料,占80%左右。这是因为在合成GaAs过程中,最后的生产率很低,常常小于15%,会产生大量的GaAs废料。由于镓的稀缺性,GaAs废料就成为了生产镓的重要原材料之一。日本、韩国、美国等国及我国的个别研究机构都对“从砷化镓废料回收镓”的项目进行了研究,从报道来看,基本采取的都是湿法流程,将原料研磨、酸浸、萃取、电解等工艺制取金属镓。这些生产过程工艺复杂、成本较高,而且会产生一些废酸、废气(NO2)等污染物。
三、发明内容:
1.发明的目的:
本发明为了克服现有砷化镓废料回收镓过程中,工艺复杂,成本较高,废酸、废气、含砷物料等对环境污染物严重等问题,对砷化镓废料采取真空分解的方法,可直接生产出99.99%的金属镓和金属砷(含As≥99%),使砷化镓在真空环境下充分分解,工艺及设备简单,降低了处理成本,节约了资源和能源,减少了环境污染。
2、本发明的技术方案:
本发明采用的技术路线:GaAs废料→破碎→制团→加入坩埚→入真空炉→抽气→升温→保温→冷却→镓、砷。
实现砷化镓真空分解的基本原理是在真空高温条件下,镓的蒸汽和砷的蒸汽的比值非常小,砷化镓分解后,镓不挥发形成液体,砷挥发形成气体,从而使镓与砷分离。由于在真空中没有氧及氧化气氛,不挥发的镓和挥发的砷均为元素单质。挥发的砷经冷凝得到固体砷。
本发明的技术方案是:砷化镓废料破碎为小于1mm粒度,压制成φ5-20mm的团块,将团块加入石墨坩埚,将坩埚入真空炉,密封真空炉之后抽气,使真空炉的压力达到0.1~10Pa,升温,使真空炉的温度达到700~1000℃,然后保持温度不变,使砷化镓分解,砷化镓分解的时间为30~250min,降温冷却使真空炉的温度小于80℃,向真空炉内充入氩气,打开真空炉得到镓和砷。
与现有技术相比本发明的优点是:从废料中综合回收有价金属,镓的提
取率可达99.99%,流程简单,生产成本低;对环境不污染。
四、附图说明:图1是本发明工艺流程图
五、具体实施方式:
实施例1:
砷化镓废料的化学成分重量百分比为48%Ga、52%As。
砷化镓废料为厚度为2mm的不规则片状和小颗粒粉末,将不规则片状和小颗粒粉末分开,取100g不规则片状为原料,加入石墨坩埚,将坩埚入真空炉,密封真空炉之后抽气,使真空炉的压力达到0.1~10Pa,真空炉升温,使真空炉的温度达到800℃,然后保持温度不变,使砷化镓分解,砷化镓分解的时间为60min,降温冷却使真空炉的温度小于80℃,向真空炉内充入氩气,打开真空炉,得到48g镓和40g砷。镓的化学成分重量百分比为:0.0001%Cu,0.0002%Zn,0.0051%Al,0.0003%Fe,0.0025%As,>99.99%Ga;砷的化学成分重量百分比为:0.001%Al,0.0003%Fe,99%As。
实施例2:
砷化镓废料的化学成份和实施例1相同。
砷化镓废料为厚度为2mm的不规则片状和小颗粒粉末,将不规则片状和小颗粒粉末分开,取100g小颗粒粉末为原料,破碎至小于1mm,压制成φ5-10mm的团块,之后加入石墨坩埚内,将坩埚入真空炉,密封真空炉之后抽气,使真空炉的压力达到0.1~10Pa,升温,使真空炉的温度达到900℃,然后保持温度不变,使砷化镓分解,砷化镓分解的时间为60min,降温冷却使真空炉的温度小于80℃,向真空炉内充入氩气,打开真空炉,得到46g镓和40g砷。镓的化学成分重量百分比为:0.0001%Cu,0.0002%Zn,0.0051%Al,0.0003%Fe,0.0025%As,>99.99%Ga;砷的化学成分重量百分比为:0.001%Al,0.0003%Fe,99%As。
实施例3:
砷化镓废料的化学成份和实施例1相同。砷化镓废料为厚度为2mm的不规则片状和小颗粒粉末,将不规则片状和小颗粒粉末分开,取5000g小颗粒粉末,破碎至1mm以下,压制成φ10-20mm的团块,取5000g不规则片状砷化镓,两种原料共10000g,混合之后加入石墨坩埚内,将坩埚入真空炉,密封真空炉之后抽气,使真空炉的压力达到0.1~10Pa,升温,使真空炉的温度达到1000℃,然后保持温度不变,使砷化镓分解,砷化镓分解的时间为240min,降温冷却使真空炉的温度小于80℃,向真空炉内充氩气,打开真空炉,得到4500g镓和4200g砷。镓的化学成分重量百分比0.0001%Cu,0.0002%Zn,0.0051%Al,0.0003%Fe,0.0025%As,99.99%Ga;砷的化学成分重量百分比为:0.001%Al,0.0003%Fe,99%As。
Claims (1)
1、一种从砷化镓工业废料中综合回收镓和砷的方法,将含镓48重量%,含砷52重量%的砷化镓原料经分选、破碎、压块后入真空炉,控制真空炉的压力和温度,使砷化镓分解得到镓和砷,其特征是:
1)原料粒度为厚度2mm的不规则片状矿或将小颗粒或粉状原料破碎至粒度小于1mm,再压制成φ5-20mm的团块;
2)控制真空炉的压力为10Pa,温度800℃,分解时间60min;
3)原料分解完毕,降温冷却,使真空炉温度小于80℃,向真空炉内充入氩气。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNB2004100402720A CN1260381C (zh) | 2004-07-19 | 2004-07-19 | 一种从砷化镓工业废料中综合回收镓和砷的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNB2004100402720A CN1260381C (zh) | 2004-07-19 | 2004-07-19 | 一种从砷化镓工业废料中综合回收镓和砷的方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1598016A CN1598016A (zh) | 2005-03-23 |
CN1260381C true CN1260381C (zh) | 2006-06-21 |
Family
ID=34664574
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB2004100402720A Expired - Fee Related CN1260381C (zh) | 2004-07-19 | 2004-07-19 | 一种从砷化镓工业废料中综合回收镓和砷的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN1260381C (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103184339A (zh) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-03 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | 砷化镓的处理设备及处理方法 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101413064B (zh) * | 2008-10-29 | 2010-06-23 | 南京金美镓业有限公司 | 一种将砷化镓分离为金属镓与金属砷的真空分解装置 |
CN104532012B (zh) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-08-24 | 华东师范大学 | 从氮化镓芯片生产废料中回收镓、金的方法 |
CN104576848B (zh) * | 2014-12-17 | 2017-09-19 | 华东师范大学 | 从废旧氮化镓基发光二极管中回收镓的方法 |
CN106399696B (zh) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-03-13 | 华东师范大学 | 从砷化镓芯片生产废料中制备砷的硫化物的方法 |
CN106586988B (zh) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-07-06 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | 从磷化铟废料中综合回收铟和磷的方法 |
CN108728641A (zh) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-02 | 汉能新材料科技有限公司 | 一种砷化镓废料的回收方法 |
CN113528862B (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-09-02 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种从含镓废料中回收镓的方法 |
CN113652559B (zh) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-07-29 | 安徽工业大学 | 一种火法回收氮化镓废料中稀散金属镓的方法 |
CN115451700B (zh) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-07-09 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种回收砷和镓的装置及方法 |
CN116425193A (zh) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-07-14 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种砷化镓团簇及其制备方法和应用 |
-
2004
- 2004-07-19 CN CNB2004100402720A patent/CN1260381C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103184339A (zh) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-03 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | 砷化镓的处理设备及处理方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1598016A (zh) | 2005-03-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN109554550B (zh) | 一种炼钢粉尘综合利用回收锌的方法 | |
Han et al. | Pretreatment of tin anode slime using alkaline pressure oxidative leaching | |
CN100345986C (zh) | 一种从铜钴铁合金中浸出铜钴铁的方法 | |
CN1260381C (zh) | 一种从砷化镓工业废料中综合回收镓和砷的方法 | |
CN109321755B (zh) | 一种铜冶炼烟尘脱砷的方法 | |
Rao et al. | Pressure leaching of selenium and tellurium from scrap copper anode slimes in sulfuric acid-oxygen media | |
KR101567499B1 (ko) | Led 폐기물로부터 유가금속의 선별 회수 방법 | |
CN102633233B (zh) | 一种从铅锌矿常压富氧浸出渣中回收硫磺的方法 | |
CN110029218B (zh) | 黄金矿山含氰尾矿渣综合利用方法 | |
CN113151667B (zh) | 一种从废led封装中回收稀贵金属元素的方法 | |
Zha et al. | Innovative green approach for the selective extraction of high-purity selenium from hazardous selenium sludge | |
Rao et al. | Hydrothermal oxidative leaching of Cu and Se from copper anode slime in a diluted H2SO4 solution | |
Li et al. | Selenium leaching from copper anode slimes using a nitric acid–sulfuric acid mixture | |
Ma et al. | Separation and recovery of tin and copper from tin refining sulfur slag using a new process of airtight sulfuration–Vacuum distillation | |
Ma et al. | Thermodynamic analysis and experimental verification of the green and efficient recycling of waste sulfur slag by airtight sulfuration-vacuum distillation | |
Luo et al. | Removal of impurity Pb during crude selenium purification by controlling potential oxidation and vacuum distillation | |
CN111979421A (zh) | 一种铜冶炼过程中所产含铜砷烟灰综合利用的方法 | |
WO2020147464A1 (zh) | 一种低温制备含钛复合阳极的方法 | |
CN106756038A (zh) | 一种从铜铅锌冶炼硫酸系统酸泥中分离硒汞的方法 | |
Zhang et al. | Treatment of copper-cobalt alloy with molten magnesium for metal extraction | |
WO2023134017A1 (zh) | 一种锡精炼硫渣中分离提纯锡和铜的方法 | |
JP2015086436A (ja) | 有価物の回収方法 | |
CN112391533B (zh) | 一种含锡电子废弃物一步法制备纳米硫化亚锡的方法 | |
Zhen et al. | Selective Recovery of Valuable Metals (Se, Te, Cu) from the Selenium Distillation Residue by Sulfuric Acid Oxidative Leaching | |
Yu et al. | Study on the behavior of clusters in the physical recovery of GaAs scrap |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20060621 |