CN1256284C - Solar energy evaporating type separation method and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Solar energy evaporating type separation method and apparatus therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1256284C CN1256284C CNB031339190A CN03133919A CN1256284C CN 1256284 C CN1256284 C CN 1256284C CN B031339190 A CNB031339190 A CN B031339190A CN 03133919 A CN03133919 A CN 03133919A CN 1256284 C CN1256284 C CN 1256284C
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- seawater
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a solar energy evaporation type separation method and a device thereof. The solar energy is used as a main heating energy source, the surface local temperature of the separated mixture is enhanced, the evaporation and condensation speeds of the mixture are increased, and thus, the substances flow in the fixed direction; the purpose of separating the substances is achieved. The device has the structure that a casing is a container with an inner layer and an outer layer, an upper opening is in an inclined plane structure, heat insulation material is added between the inner layer and the outer layer to form a heat insulation layer, and the bottom of the casing is used as a freshwater tank; a light transmission plate is covered on the upper opening of the casing, a black plate and the light transmission plate are arranged under the upper opening in parallel, and a vacuum chamber is reserved between the black plate and the light transmission plate; the lower part of the black plate is connected with a heating plate positioned in a seawater tank through a heat conduction device; the seawater tank is horizontally arranged under the black plate, and a condenser is arranged at the bottom of the seawater tank; a seawater leading-in opening is arranged on the casing, and is communicated with the seawater tank through a seawater inlet pipe; a freshwater leading-out opening is positioned at the bottom of the casing, and is connected with a water pump through a freshwater leading-out pipe. The method and the device are especially suitable to desalt seawater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to separating substances and desalination technology, specifically a kind of sun power evaporating separation method and equipment therefor are specially adapted to sea water desaltination.
Background technology
Now, the purification of material and being separated into for important industrial sector, this production process res divisibiles reason method and chemical process, its physical method is the most representative to be distillation method and membrane separation process.Wherein distillation method generally needs vaporizer and condenser, not only needs heating during work but also need to freeze, and complex structure, power consumption are greatly.And membrane separation process application now is more, but this system needs routine cleaning, replacing mould material, need consume certain electric energy when working simultaneously, so cost is higher relatively.The utilization of sun power in recent years obtains fast development, and sun power is described as the environmental protection energy, is that solar water heater or solar cell have all brought huge convenience and interests to people.Along with industrial fast development and people's living standard improve day by day, people are increasing to the demand of fresh water simultaneously.But China's Freshwater resources become poor day by day now, and the general shortage of fresh water in coastal cities.Generally pay attention to the problem of utilizing of fresh water all over the world, all propose water saving, taked a series of solutions such as fresh water cycling and reutilization, these all are that Sustainable development for society provides necessary Freshwater resources guarantee, but make full use of solar energy, realize that energy cycle utilizes again, to reach the separating substances method of the purpose of evaporating separate substance, particularly method for desalting seawater yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can make full use of sun power, realize sun power evaporating separation method and equipment therefor that energy cycle is utilized again.It is simple in structure, energy-conservation, cost is low, mainly solves the sea water desaltination problem, adopts apparatus of the present invention to provide abundant Freshwater resources for coastal cities and area, island.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Sun power evaporating separation method: utilize solar absorptive material that solar radiation energy is absorbed in the adiabatic device, absorbed energy is concentrated and is used to heat material to be separated, make the local rising of its surface temperature, with the velocity of evaporation of raising material and the saturated vapor pressure in device thereof, cause steam in device, to condense, liquefy on each face, orientation flows to collects with in the container, by the difference of saturated vapor pressure and velocity of evaporation between each material in the material to be separated, realizes separating; Simultaneously, the energy that the material evaporation absorbs is emitted when condensation, and energy-producing moving utilizes the energy that sends to heat material to be separated to be evaporated again, realizes the utilization again of energy; Described material refers to mixed solution.
Equipment therefor: form by black matrix plate, light-passing board, hot-plate, condenser, seawater pond, fresh-water pool, housing, its middle shell is the container of inside and outside bilayer, upper opening is a ramp structure, adds lagging material between internal layer and the skin and constitutes thermal insulation layer, and the bottom is as fresh-water pool; Light-passing board covers housing upper shed place, and black matrix plate and light-passing board be arranged in parallel, in its below, leaves vacuum chamber between the two; Below the black matrix plate, link to each other with the hot-plate that is arranged in the seawater pond by heat transfer device; Seawater pond level is installed in black matrix plate below, and condenser is established in bottom, seawater pond; Other establishes the seawater introducing port and communicates with the seawater pond through the seawater water inlet pipe on housing, and the fresh water export mouth is positioned at the bottom of housing, links to each other with water pump by the fresh water rising pipe.
Add valve member at seawater introducing port and fresh water export mouth; Establishing well heater below the hot-plate in the seawater pond, be furnished with supply socket and receptacle cover plate; Being provided with counterweight at the housing outer wall colludes; Water level detector is located at the top in fresh-water pool and seawater pond respectively, and the seawater temperature detector is arranged in the seawater pond, between the water surface and well heater; Described detector output signal is electrically connected with microprocessor, realizes the automatic control of water level, water temperature, water inlet, draining; Establish tightness system between light-passing board and housing.
The water level in seawater pond is not higher than hot-plate 20mm, is not less than hot-plate again;
The principle of design of apparatus of the present invention is: from mass conservation angle, evaporation and condensation will reach a kind of running balance.Angle from energy, every gram water vapour that the seawater pond evaporates will be taken away the heat of 539 cards, and water vapour will condense at each surface-area in the whole device space, and every gram steam will be emitted the heat of 539 cards when it condenses, and therefore whole process is the energy balance process; So because high water evaporation fast (being main evaporation source) wherein of the temperature in seawater pond, be evaporated to the interior water vapor of device with space in the whole device of disperse, these water of condensation are fresh water on condenser, black matrix plate lower surface, the inner walls but condensation mainly occurs in.Therefore, in the transient equilibrium process of this energy and material, realize the directed flow of water.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. have multi-functional.Adopt the inventive method can realize evaporating separation function (mainly being to utilize sun power to realize separating substances), the sunlight that can be used for material (as mixed solution) separates, and the present invention simultaneously proposes the bar new technology path by the sea water desaltination that is utilized as to sun power.The present invention is applied to sea water desaltination, has realized basic sunlight seawater desalination functions, for coastal cities and area, island provide abundant Freshwater resources.
2. structure design is simple, reasonable.Black matrix plate of the present invention can strengthen the absorption to light, and energy can be conducted to material to be heated by heat transfer device; There is the vacuum chamber of sealing between light-passing board and black matrix plate, realizes the adiabatic heat-insulation effect.Well heater can realize that local heating heats up, and helps improving vaporization efficiency in liquid to be heated.Single unit system both can be incorporated into seawater in the device and use on land, can place it in the seawater again and use.
3. condensation effect is good.Condenser, black matrix plate and inner walls are main fresh water condensing surface, have increased condensation area, have quickened condensation, help separating substances.
4. has characteristics of energy saving.Device of the present invention when realizing utilizing sun power to carry out separating substances (as sea water desaltination), save energy as much as possible.Show: 1) described device is totally-enclosed, and skin has thermal insulating warm-keeping layer, prevents power loss.2) its electric heater plays boosting, can not use; Will pull out power supply when not using, with supply socket hole receptacle cover plate jam-pack, purpose also is the loss that prevents energy.3) light-passing board strengthens light penetration, and plays adiabatic sealing function, and electric heater and seawater pond seal by sealing-ring, to help the effective heating to vaporised liquid.In addition, 4) below, seawater pond is close to condenser then and plays main condensation, and the vapor condensation liberated heat is passed to the seawater pond, to realize the utilization again of energy.
5. easy to use.Apparatus of the present invention have the counterweight hook can be with mass, can make suitable the entering in the ocean of device; Can also not be with mass, use on land.Can also by being installed, water level detector and water temperature probe realize the automatic control of water level, water temperature, water inlet, draining as required.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representation.
Embodiment
To try out in the ocean is example:
Utilize solar absorptive material (pitch) that solar radiation energy is absorbed in the adiabatic device, for fear of scattering and disappearing of energy, device adopts adiabatic closed structure, the concentration of energy that is absorbed by device is used to heat material to be separated, make the local rising of its surface temperature, with the velocity of evaporation of raising material and the saturated vapor pressure in device thereof, but since in the material to be separated saturated vapor pressure between material to differ the component that causes steam more greatly high based on saturated vapor pressure, simultaneously, steam will condense on each face in device, liquefaction, its liquefaction process rate of set on the lower surface of temperature is very fast, the material of condensation will be directed to flow to and collect with in the container on these surfaces, realize the running balance of material evaporation and condensation like this.In this process, separated object has been realized directed flow, but makes its component greatly for a change, because the difference of each material saturated vapor pressure in the material to be separated, thereby realize separating; Simultaneously, the material evaporation absorbs lot of energy and will be emitted when condensation, cause moving of energy, condenser plays main condensation, it is emitted most of energy with the material condensation and uses heating and go in the material to be separated to be evaporated, that realizes energy utilizes process again, reduces condenser temperature simultaneously, to improve the material directed flow;
Present embodiment is placed into whole device in the ocean, add mass 19 on counterweight hook 8, device is suitably invaded in seawater, the water level in seawater pond 13 is identical with water level in the ocean, but the water level in seawater pond is not higher than hot-plate 20mm, can not be lower than hot-plate 4 again; Sunlight is injected by light-passing board 3, absorbed by black matrix plate 1, black matrix plate 1 is passed to hot-plate 4 with heat by heat transfer device 12, hot-plate 4 heats local seawater, seawater pond 13 surperficial evaporation of seawater are speeded up, and water vapour will condense at the internal surface of whole device, and agglomerative water is fresh water, its major part will directionally flow in the fresh-water pool, realize the directed flow of material.Condenser 7 plays main condensation; The water vapor condensation liberated heat will be passed in the seawater pond 13 by condenser 7, heat seawater to be evaporated, realize the utilization again of the energy, and simultaneously, condenser 7 will be cooled, and strengthen it to the water vapor condensation effect.For energy is not lost, so adopt thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 26 and vacuum chamber 2 to be incubated; The work of electric heater 5 can further improve productive rate, but it is a booster action, when not using its power supply is pulled up from socket 20, and receptacle cover plate 16 is covered, and receptacle cover plate 16 is made by thermal insulation material, has the effect that prevents that heat scatters and disappears.
Wherein: black matrix plate 1 (can adopt pitch) can strengthen the absorption to light, and energy can be conducted to material to be heated by heat transfer device; 1 vacuum chamber 2 that has sealing of light-passing board 3 and black matrix plate is realized the adiabatic heat-insulation effect; Well heater 4 but is not more than 20mm apart from liquid levels distance in liquid to be heated, heat up to realize local heating, helps improving vaporization efficiency; Electric heater 5 in the seawater pond 13 is positioned at the well heater below, keeps spacing about 2mm.
Condenser 7, black matrix plate 1 and side plate 14 are main fresh water condensing surfaces, and the fresh water condensing surface is taked hydrophilic treatment process, and the fresh water of quickening on condensing surface flows to the speed of fresh-water pool 18, improve the productive rate of fresh water.Seawater water inlet pipe 6 will be grown, and promptly plays the effect of prolong, plays the effect that reduces with extraneous seawater temperature gradient again.
Black matrix plate 1, heat transfer device 12, well heater 4, seawater pond 13, condenser 7 are thermally conductive material (present embodiment adopts high heat conduction aluminium alloy) and make, and light-passing board 3, fresh-water pool 18, thermal insulation layer 26, seawater water inlet pipe 6, fresh water rising pipe 11 are thermal insulation material (present embodiment employing tetrafluoroethylene); Be tightly connected by seal washer 15 between electric heater 5 and the seawater pond 13, seal washer 15 adopts high temperature resistant, as to have insulation and thermal insulation performance material (present embodiment adopts adiabatic rubber).
Therefore, adopt the recycling technology of energy when its device characteristic is to utilize sun power, realize save energy, reach material purification purpose.The present invention adopts energy to utilize method more simultaneously, and then guarantees that matter to be separated surface has higher temperature, improves isolating productive rate.
More than realized basic sunlight seawater desalination functions, the sunlight that also can be used for other material simultaneously separates.
In addition, for the level of automation of implement device, can adopt microprocessor 21.Seawater temperature detector 22 is placed seawater pond 13, between the water surface and well heater 5; The water level detector 9 that is electrically connected with microprocessor 21 is located at the top in fresh-water pool 18 and seawater pond 13 respectively, microprocessor 21 receives the water level signal of water level detector 9, by valve member 10 (present embodiment is the electromagnetism valve member) and pump 23, control fresh-water pool 18 water levels, and control the water level in seawater pond 13 by valve member 10 (present embodiment is the electromagnetism valve member).Microprocessor 21 is according to the signal of seawater temperature detector 22, temperature by electric heater 5 control evaporation seawater, evaporation is controlled on the best cost performance, water level sensor 9 is measured seawater pool water level and fresh-water pool water level respectively, and fresh water will be discharged by fresh water rising pipe 11 when fresh-water pool 18 water levels reach a certain height.
Label 24 is the seawater introducing port among Fig. 1, and 25 is the fresh water export mouth, and 27 is housing.
Claims (7)
1. sun power evaporating separation method equipment therefor, it is characterized in that: form by black matrix plate (1), light-passing board (3), hot-plate (4), condenser (7), seawater pond (13), fresh-water pool (18), housing (27), its middle shell (27) is the container of inside and outside bilayer, upper opening is a ramp structure, add lagging material between internal layer and the skin and constitute thermal insulation layer (26), the bottom is as fresh-water pool (18); Light-passing board (3) covers housing (27) upper shed place, and black matrix plate (1) and light-passing board (3) be arranged in parallel, in its below, leaves vacuum chamber (2) between the two; Link to each other with the hot-plate that is arranged in seawater pond (13) (4) by heat transfer device (12) in black matrix plate (1) below; Seawater pond (13) level is installed in black matrix plate (1) below, and condenser (7) is established in seawater pond (13) bottom; Other establishes seawater introducing port (24) and upward communicates with seawater pond (13) through seawater water inlet pipe (6) in housing (27), and fresh water export mouth (25) is positioned at the bottom of housing (27), links to each other with water pump (23) by fresh water rising pipe (11).
2. according to the described sun power evaporating of claim 1 separation method equipment therefor, it is characterized in that: add valve member (10) at seawater introducing port (24) and fresh water export mouth (25).
3. according to the described sun power evaporating of claim 2 separation method equipment therefor, it is characterized in that: establish well heater (5) in seawater pond (13) in hot-plate (4) below, be furnished with supply socket (20) and receptacle cover plate (16).
4. according to the described sun power evaporating of claim 1 separation method equipment therefor, it is characterized in that: be provided with counterweight at housing (27) outer wall and collude (8).
5. according to the described sun power evaporating of claim 1 separation method equipment therefor, it is characterized in that: the water level of seawater pond (13) is higher than hot-plate (4).
6. according to the described sun power evaporating of claim 1 separation method equipment therefor, it is characterized in that: water level detector (9) is located at the top of fresh-water pool (18) and seawater pond (13) respectively, seawater temperature detector (22) is arranged in the seawater pond (13), and above detector is electrically connected with microprocessor (21).
7. according to the described sun power evaporating of claim 1 separation method equipment therefor, it is characterized in that: establish tightness system between light-passing board (3) and housing (27).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031339190A CN1256284C (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | Solar energy evaporating type separation method and apparatus therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031339190A CN1256284C (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | Solar energy evaporating type separation method and apparatus therefor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1522966A CN1522966A (en) | 2004-08-25 |
| CN1256284C true CN1256284C (en) | 2006-05-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB031339190A Expired - Fee Related CN1256284C (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | Solar energy evaporating type separation method and apparatus therefor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103739029A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-23 | 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Solar concentrating distillation seawater desalination device |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1275866C (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-09-20 | 程显超 | Energy saving type solar sea water desalination device |
| DE102005030822A1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-11 | Krones Ag | Method and apparatus for monitoring an evaporator |
| CN103382039A (en) * | 2012-05-06 | 2013-11-06 | 厦门锐思达机电科技有限公司 | Emergency seawater desalination device |
| CN103875553B (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-10-21 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of temperature difference lifting device for liquid and method thereof utilizing solar energy |
| CN105948152A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-09-21 | 安徽工业大学 | Seawater distilling and desalting device floating on sea surface and desalting method |
| CN106404074A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-02-15 | 天津大学 | Wireless water quality integration monitoring network based on GPS |
| CN109378682B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2021-08-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Device for generating new substance by using laser to bombard target material |
-
2003
- 2003-09-05 CN CNB031339190A patent/CN1256284C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103739029A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-23 | 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Solar concentrating distillation seawater desalination device |
| CN103739029B (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-05-06 | 国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Solar concentrating distillation seawater desalination device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1522966A (en) | 2004-08-25 |
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