CN1254173C - Earthworm excrement deodorizing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Earthworm excrement deodorizing method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1254173C
CN1254173C CN 200310101736 CN200310101736A CN1254173C CN 1254173 C CN1254173 C CN 1254173C CN 200310101736 CN200310101736 CN 200310101736 CN 200310101736 A CN200310101736 A CN 200310101736A CN 1254173 C CN1254173 C CN 1254173C
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wormcast
deodorizing
gas
layer
tower body
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CN1608456A (en
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孙振钧
孙永明
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to an earthworm excrement deodorizing method and a deodorizing apparatus thereof. The earthworm excrement deodorizing method comprises the steps: malodorous gas is centralized and collected by using a gas pump; the malodorous gas is uniformly distributed in a closed space through a gas-distributing system after being processed through a pretreatment system; the malodorous gas is deodorized and purified through the absorbing and transforming function of earthworm excrement and biologic filler which are laid in the closed space in a layering method, and simultaneously, the earthworm is used for monitoring the operation condition of the system. The present invention utilizes the absorbing and transforming function of earthworm excrement and relevant biologic filler to reach the purposes of deodorization and purification, and has the advantages of simple apparatus structure and convenient operation; when the present invention is used for processing, transforming and eliminating the malodorous gas, malodorous resources and deodorizing matters can be used circularly, so the present invention has no secondary pollution, obviously improves air quality and protects body health of people. The present invention is widely used for processing bad smell of refuse treatment plants, sewage treatment plants, public lavatories, breeding farms, manure yards, etc.

Description

Wormcast deodorizing method and odor removal thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of deodorizing method and odor removal thereof, particularly about a kind of be the wormcast deodorizing method and the odor removal thereof of deodorizing core substance with the wormcast.
Background technology
Along with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, also more and more higher to the requirement of environmental quality, also responsive more to the pollution that brings because of stench.The technical method of deodorizing mainly contains three classes: physical deodorization method, chemical deodorizing method and biological deodorizing method, can adopt different technical methods to handle at different smelly sources, foul smell amount and odor concentration.But,, or do not use any means or treatment technology at present for the single gas of composition or be to adopt corresponding physics method, chemical method or biological method.The mode that is adopted for the complex effluvium gas in places such as livestock and poultry farm, destructor plant, sewage treatment plant, public lavatory and dung yard also is so, and corresponding odor removal is more single especially or do not have.More or less all there are some problems in existing these physics, chemistry, biology deodorizing method, such as: adopt physical method, employed adsorbent mainly is an active carbon, costs an arm and a leg the second use difficulty; The soil that utilizes that has covers, and technology is original, and labour intensity is big, deals with improperly and easily causes pollution of area source; The employing screening agent that also has can not be eliminated the harm of foul gas in fact.Using chemical deodorization method is the principle of using chemical absorption, and chemical absorption only is present in can carry out between the material of chemical reaction, needs the character at foul smell, select corresponding chemical agent for use, the operating cost of deodorizing is very high, and treatment effect also is subjected to bigger restriction, causes secondary pollution easily.Adopting the biological deodorizing method, mainly is to utilize microorganism to reach the purpose of processing.At present domestic also not at the special technology and the equipment of complex effluvium gas, more do not utilize wormcast to handle the equipment and the technology of foul smell.
Summary of the invention
At handling problem and the drawback that the foul smell technology exists in the market, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of good deodorization effect, wormcast deodorizing method and odor removal thereof that cost is low, easy to operate.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of wormcast deodorizing method, it is to adopt air pump with the foul gas centralized collection, by gas distribution system foul gas is evenly distributed in the enclosure space again, utilization is laid on the suction-operated of the wormcast in the described enclosure space, and the natural microorganisms fauna in the wormcast carries out the deodorizing purification.
In described enclosure space, add biologic packing material, and will add enclosure space participation deodorizing purification through the microorganism of screening.
Described microorganism is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, nitrifier, photosynthetic bacteria.
The earthworm bed is set in described enclosure space, utilizes the natural, ecological function of earthworm to cooperate checkout gear, the operation conditions of monitoring system.
After utilizing the chemical agent and the aqueous solution that foul gas is carried out preliminary treatment, send into again and carry out the deodorizing purification in the enclosure space.
Described chemical agent is oxidant O 3, H 2O 2, KMnO 4, one or more the combination among the NaClO.
Described chemical agent is alkaline absorbent Ca (OH) 2, NaOH, Ca (OH) 2, CaCl 2In one or more combination.
A kind of wormcast odor removal is characterized in that: it comprises a deodorizing tower tower body, and described tower body is provided with inlet, outlet, filler import and export, and percolate receiving system and checkout gear; Be provided with cloth gas-bearing formation and biological deodorizing layer in the described tower body from bottom to top, described cloth gas-bearing formation comprises stone layer and sand stone layer, described biological deodorizing layer is the wormcast layer, the air inlet of described tower body is provided with a gas distribution pipe, one end of described gas distribution pipe connects air pump, the other end stretches into described stone layer, and described percolate receiving system is arranged on the tower body bottom, and described checkout gear is arranged on the place, gas outlet at described tower body top.
Described biological deodorizing layer comprises that also one is arranged on the biologic packing material layer below the described wormcast layer.
At least comprise biologic packing material layer and the wormcast layer that two-layer interval is provided with at described biological deodorizing layer.
On described tower body top the liquid mist that contains microbial bacteria being set irritates or drip irrigation appliance.
Be provided with the earthworm bed at described biological deodorizing layer top.
Between described air pump and described gas distribution pipe, be provided with a gas pretreatment device, described gas pretreatment device is a multi-function pool, described multi-function pool is that oxidation absorbs a kind of in liquid pool and the alkaline absorption solution pond or the combination of the two, described multi-function pool is provided with air inlet, gas outlet, fluid infusion mouth, liquid outlet and liquid return hole, described air inlet connects described air pump by pipeline, described gas outlet connects described gas distribution pipe by a valve, and described liquid return hole connects the effusion retracting device of described deodorizing tower by pipeline.
The present invention utilizes the wormcast with multi-functional characteristic to cooperate corresponding physical means, chemical method, biologic packing material and action of microorganisms, foul gas is handled reach discharging standards.The present invention has the following advantages: 1, the present invention has integrated the advantage of physics, chemistry and biology deodorizing method, with the wormcast is the deodorizing core substance, adopt polytechnic processing method, thereby a kind of deodorizing new technology of uniqueness is provided, deodorizing effect is remarkable especially.2, deodorizing tower body of the present invention is owing to be provided with air pump, gas distribution pipe, and the cloth gas-bearing formation of being made up of stone layer and sand stone layer, so can collect foul gas by air pump, and by the cloth gas-bearing formation foul gas is evenly distributed in the tower body.3, the present invention is owing to be provided with the biologic packing material layer that cooperates with the wormcast layer and contain the atomization of liquid or the drip irrigation appliance of the biological bacteria through screening in tower body, therefore not only can utilize the microflora of wormcast and the absorption transformation of the microbial film on the associated biomolecule filler to reach the purpose that deodorizing purifies, and the biologic packing material layer can also play good expanded effect, alleviate the weight of biological deodorizing layer effectively, keep excellent air permeability and water retaining function.4, the present invention not only can replenish fresh wormcast because the earthworm bed is set in tower body, prolongs the service time of wormcast, and can utilize earthworm to the main component H in the foul smell 2S, NH 3Responsive biological property cooperates checkout gear that the operation conditions of system is monitored.5, the present invention is owing to be provided with gas pretreatment device, therefore can adopt different chemical agents that gas is carried out preliminary treatment according to different foul gas kinds, enter the odorant and the dust of tower body with minimizing, prolong the service life and the depreciation time of each layer in the tower body.6, present device is simple in structure; applied widely; easy to operate; management is being handled, transforming, when eliminating foul gas, can made foul smell resource and deodorizing material recycling easily; do not produce secondary pollution; obviously improve air quality, the protection people's health can produce good society, ecological benefits.The present invention can be widely used in various single or complex effluvium places such as destructor plant, sewage treatment plant, public lavatory, plant and dung yard.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is a gas pretreatment device structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 3 is a deodorizing tower structural representation of the present invention
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, odor removal of the present invention mainly comprises a deodorizing tower 2, can also comprise a gas pretreatment device 1.Can utilize an air pump 11 centralized collection foul smell, directly send into deodorizing tower 2; Also air pump 11 can be connected gas pretreatment device 1, again gas pretreatment device 1 is connected with deodorizing tower 2.Gas pretreatment device 1 is at first described below.
As shown in Figure 2, gas pretreatment device 1 mainly comprises a multi-function pool 12, and multi-function pool 12 is provided with air inlet 13 that is connected with air pump 11 by pipeline and the gas outlet 15 that is connected with deodorizing tower 2 by pipeline and valve 14.Multi-function pool 12 is provided with fluid infusion mouth 16,16 ', liquid return hole 17 and liquid outlet 18,18 '.Fluid infusion mouth 16 is used for supplementing water solution and alkali electroless medicament, and fluid infusion mouth 16 ' is used for supplementing water solution and oxidant; Liquid outlet 18,18 ' is used to discharge surplus liquid and residue, and the surplus liquid of discharge and residue can be used as nutrient solution and reclaim.
Multi-function pool 12 in the above-mentioned gas pretreatment unit 1 can be handled different foul gas as required, is arranged to oxidation and absorbs liquid pool 12 ' or alkaline absorption cell 12 ", also can the two be used in combination by an interlayer 19.Multi-function pool 12 can adopt cement concrete to build by laying bricks or stones, also can adopt corrosion-resistant, acid and alkali-resistance material to make.Can also between gas pretreatment device 1 and deodorizing tower 2, another air pump 11 ' be set in addition, make in operation and assisted air pump 11 that foul smell is sucked deodorizing tower 2.
As shown in Figure 3, deodorizing tower 2 comprises tower body 20 and is arranged on filler 30 in the tower body 20, and tower body 20 can be used concrete masonry units, also can select for use cast structure or PVC material etc. to make, and the cross sectional shape of tower body 20 can be circular, square, hexagon or octagonal etc.Tower body 20 is provided with the import and export 24 of air inlet 21, gas outlet 22, checkout gear 23, each layer filler, and percolate receiving system 25.
Filler 30 comprises cloth gas-bearing formation and biological deodorizing layer, the cloth gas-bearing formation comprise diameter at stone layer 31 about 3~5cm, the about 20cm of thickness and diameter the sand stone layer 32 about 0.5~2cm, the about 10cm of thickness.The biological deodorizing layer comprises biologic packing material layer 33, wormcast layer 34, biologic packing material layer 35, wormcast layer 36 etc.Biologic packing material layer 33,35 is made up of crops straw, mushroom residue, bark, wheat bran, rice bran, zeolite and rice husk discarded object etc., can provide the energy for various microorganisms, also have the effect that prevents that following each layer filler and gas distribution pipe from stopping up, its thickness is greatly about about 15cm.Wormcast layer the 34, the 36th is through the fresh wormcast of screening, about the about 30cm of thickness.Thickness between above-mentioned each layer all can change.
On the wormcast layer 36 at top earthworm bed 37 can be set, about the about 20cm of its thickness, earthworm density can be 5000/m 2About.Earthworm on the earthworm bed 37 mainly works to upgrade wormcast and detects foul smell, because earthworm is very responsive to gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulphur, as a kind of indicator organism, if system is not thorough to the foul gas processing, can cause bad influence to the normal life of earthworm, earthworm can escape or show to such an extent that do not have a vigor from the environment of life.If above-mentioned situation just needs to observe checkout gear 23, the operation conditions of monitoring system.
In the tower body 20 above earthworm bed 37, a mist filling device 27 or a drip irrigation appliance can be installed, mist filling device 27 or drip irrigation appliance are common equipments, do not repeat them here.Mist filling device 27 or drip irrigation appliance mainly are in order to guarantee that the humidity in the tower body 20 has washing function concurrently, simultaneously can also be with the microorganism species that is of value to deodorizing through screening, as the microorganism that saccharomycete, lactic acid mattress, actinomycetes, nitrifier, photosynthetic bacteria etc. have the Degradation and Transformation function, implant in the tower bodies 20 by mist filling or drip irrigation appliance 27.Strengthen deodorizing effect by these microorganism species and metabolic active substance protease thereof, lipase, amylase, cellulase etc.
The air inlet 21 of above-mentioned tower body 20 is a gas distribution pipe, one end of gas distribution pipe is connected with the valve 14 of gas pretreatment device 1, be covered with venthole on the tube wall of the gas distribution pipe other end, and be plugged in the stone layer 31, make the foul smell that enters be covered with whole tower body 20 equably by stone layer 31 and sand stone layer 32.The checkout gear 23 that 22 places, gas outlet of tower body 20 are provided with is a gas sensor, and it can be presented at testing result on the monitoring instrument, and this device also repeats no more at this for mature technology.On tower body 20, can change filler easily with the import and export 24 that each biological deodorizing layer relevant position is provided with.Percolate receiving system 25 in the tower body 20 is infundibulate, and its outlet at bottom 26 is connected with the liquid return hole 17 of gas pretreatment device 1 by pipeline, so that the benefit materials such as microbial bacteria in the percolate are further used.
In the foregoing description, can select according to the foul gas kind and the different of degree of required processing in the tower body 20.Low weight such as the stench degree, can one wormcast layer 34 only be set at the biological deodorizing layer, in order to have air capacity of soils and seepage of water preferably, one deck biologic packing material layer 33 can be set below wormcast layer 34., complicated component higher for the stench degree two-layer biologic packing material layer 33,35 and wormcast layer 34,36 can be set at interval, even two-layer above biologic packing material layer and wormcast layer are set.Can also increase the input of microbial bacteria simultaneously at atomising device 27, strengthen, quicken deodorizing effect.
The foul gas that the present invention handles mainly is the foul gas that produces at destructor plant, sewage treatment plant, public lavatory, plant and dung yard etc., its composition is very complicated, dense, mainly comprise ammonia, amine, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulphide, lower fatty acid etc., roughly comprise five class gases:
1. sulfur-containing compound: as hydrogen sulphide, sulphur dioxide, mercaptan, thioether etc.;
2. nitrogen-containing compound: as amine, acid amides, indoles etc.;
3. halogen and derivative: as chlorine, halogenated hydrocarbons etc.;
4. hydro carbons: as alkane, alkene, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbon etc.;
5. oxygen-containing organic compound: as alcohol, phenol, aldehyde ketone, organic acid etc.
Wherein concentration ratio is higher has ammonia (NH with the bigger foul gas of influence 3), hydrogen sulphide (H 2S), methyl mercaptan (CH 3SH), methyl sulphur ((CH 3) 3S) etc.
At this five big class foul gas, the deodorizing method that the present invention adopts is: by air pump 11 grades foul gas is focused on multi-function pool 12 (as shown in Figure 2), at 12 li chemical agents that autonomous configuration is arranged of multi-function pool, as oxidant: ozone, hydrogen peroxide, clorox, copper sulphate, acetate, potassium permanganate etc., or alkaline absorbent: slaked lime, sodium hydroxide, calcium chloride etc., and the percolate that comes out from deodorizing tower 2, oxidant is pressed the different different concentration of proportional arrangement with the alkaline absorbent concentration range according to different foul smell compositions, and conventional solution total yield concentration range is between 0.01mol/L~0.5mol/L.Their main effect is that particle, impurity and portion gas are got rid of in the gas that will collect, reaches the purpose of purification, in order to avoid influence the operating efficiency and the obstruction that causes filler of deodorizing tower.
During operation, as shown in Figure 1, first valve-off 14, open air pump 11 and collect foul gas, carry out preliminary treatment by the chemical agent in the multi-function pool 12 and the aqueous solution, when the gas pressure in the pipeline reaches predetermined value, open valve 14, be conveyed into deodorizing tower 2 through pretreated gas.Can replenish the deodorizing chemical agent and keep the skin wet as required at inlet 16, the percolate of tower body 20 also is recovered to multi-function pool 12 by interface 27, utilize the microbiological treatment part foul smell that wherein is rich in, liquid outlet 17 is discharged excess liquid and impurity, and reclaims and use as nutrient solution.
Pretreated gas enters deodorizing tower 2 through gas distribution pipe, and through stone layer 31, sand stone layer 32 these the two-layer effects that can play even gas distribution, tower body 2 inner wall coarses can prevent that gas from escaping and leaking along the tower wall.Filler 30 on sand stone layer 32 is for various microorganisms provide the energy, and inoculates the microorganism species of the useful deodorizing of above-mentioned process screening therein, participates in deodorizing.Be fresh wormcast layer 34,36 on biologic packing material layer 33,35 through screening, foul gas by with the contacting of wormcast, at first be adsorbed, pass through the microflora in the wormcast and the microbial transformation effect of inoculation then, reach the purpose of handling foul smell, use easily.Be earthworm bed 37 above the wormcast layer 36, earthworm mainly works to upgrade wormcast and detects foul smell.When the 30 pairs of foul gas of the filler in the tower body 20 handle thoroughly the time, the biological indicative function of earthworm is noted reminds people the operation conditions of monitoring system.The checkout gear 23 that gas outlet 22 is provided with can be surveyed the concentration of main foul gas at any time and go out throughput, the degree of stability of monitoring system operation, and checkout gear can also can use separately according to the needs integral installation of actual conditions.Mist filling device 27 or the drip irrigation appliance installed above earthworm bed 37 can guarantee that the humidity of system has washing concurrently and provides biochemical preparation to strengthen treatment effect.
Integral device is enclosure space or hemi-closure space, the ventilation of every day is step, each ventilation about 1 hour, stop then and recovered 2 hours, be to be odor source centralized collection gas on the one hand from the generation foul smell, make packing layer and microorganism thereof have adequate time to absorb on the other hand and transform foul smell, each gas passed through the holdup time of packing layer about 5~10 seconds.The filler 30 of biological deodorizing layer can take out, change from the outlet 24 of each layer, uses as biological organic fertilizer.Wormcast can form from the earthworm bed 37 on upper strata, constantly replenishes the needs of wormcast layer 34,36.The wormcast deodorizing not only embodies on the powerful adsorption function of wormcast, more is embodied in wherein contained abundant microflora and metabolic active substance thereof to the conversion of all gases as resource.Various elements in the foul smell are converted into the useful resources second use, produce bio-fertilizer and nutrient solution and be applied to the farmland.
Above-mentioned deodorizing method can change to some extent according to the foul gas situation difference of required processing, and this is existing the description in the use of the said equipment, so do not repeat them here.

Claims (16)

1, a kind of wormcast deodorizing method, it is to adopt air pump with the foul gas centralized collection, by gas distribution system foul gas is evenly distributed in the enclosure space again, utilization is laid on the suction-operated of the wormcast in the described enclosure space, and the natural microorganisms fauna in the wormcast carries out the deodorizing purification.
2, wormcast deodorizing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: add biologic packing material in described enclosure space, and will add enclosure space participation deodorizing purification through the microorganism of screening.
3, wormcast deodorizing method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described microorganism is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, nitrifier, photosynthetic bacteria.
4, wormcast deodorizing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the earthworm bed is set in described enclosure space, utilizes the natural, ecological function of earthworm to cooperate checkout gear, the operation conditions of monitoring system.
5, wormcast deodorizing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: after utilizing the chemical agent and the aqueous solution that foul gas is carried out preliminary treatment, send into and carry out the deodorizing purification in the enclosure space.
6, wormcast deodorizing method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described chemical agent is oxidant O 3, H 2O 2, KMnO 4, one or more the combination among the NaClO.
7, wormcast deodorizing method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described chemical agent is alkaline absorbent Ca (OH) 2, NaCH, Ca (OH) 2, CaCl 2In one or more combination.
8, a kind of wormcast odor removal is characterized in that: it comprises a deodorizing tower tower body, and described tower body is provided with inlet, outlet, filler import and export, and percolate receiving system and checkout gear; Be provided with cloth gas-bearing formation and biological deodorizing layer in the described tower body from bottom to top, described cloth gas-bearing formation comprises stone layer and sand stone layer, described biological deodorizing layer is the wormcast layer, the air inlet of described tower body is provided with a gas distribution pipe, one end of described gas distribution pipe connects air pump, the other end stretches into described stone layer, and described percolate receiving system is arranged on the tower body bottom, and described checkout gear is arranged on the place, gas outlet at described tower body top.
9, wormcast odor removal as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described biological deodorizing layer comprises that also one is arranged on the biologic packing material layer below the described wormcast layer.
10, wormcast odor removal as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: comprise biologic packing material layer and the wormcast layer that two-layer interval is provided with at least at described biological deodorizing layer.
11, as claim 8 or 9 or 10 described wormcast odor removals, it is characterized in that: the liquid mist that contains microbial bacteria is set on described tower body top irritates or drip irrigation appliance.
12, as claim 8 or 9 or 10 described wormcast odor removals, it is characterized in that: be provided with the earthworm bed at described biological deodorizing layer top.
13, wormcast odor removal as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: be provided with the earthworm bed at described biological deodorizing layer top.
14, as claim 8 or 9 or 10 or 13 described wormcast odor removals, it is characterized in that: between described air pump and described gas distribution pipe, be provided with a gas pretreatment device, described gas pretreatment device is a multi-function pool, described multi-function pool is that oxidation absorbs a kind of in liquid pool and the alkaline absorption solution pond or the combination of the two, described multi-function pool is provided with air inlet, the gas outlet, the fluid infusion mouth, liquid outlet and liquid return hole, described air inlet connects described air pump by pipeline, described gas outlet connects described gas distribution pipe by a valve, and described liquid return hole connects the effusion retracting device of described deodorizing tower by pipeline.
15, wormcast odor removal as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that: between described air pump and described gas distribution pipe, be provided with a gas pretreatment device, described gas pretreatment device is a multi-function pool, be a kind of in oxidation absorption liquid pool and the alkaline absorption solution pond or the combination of the two in the described multi-function pool, described multi-function pool is provided with air inlet, the gas outlet, the fluid infusion mouth, liquid outlet and liquid return hole, described air inlet connects described air pump by pipeline, described gas outlet connects described gas distribution pipe by a valve, and described liquid return hole connects the effusion retracting device of described deodorizing tower by pipeline.
16, wormcast odor removal as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that: between described air pump and described gas distribution pipe, be provided with a gas pretreatment device, described gas pretreatment device is a multi-function pool, be a kind of in oxidation absorption liquid pool and the alkaline absorption solution pond or the combination of the two in the described multi-function pool, described multi-function pool is provided with air inlet, the gas outlet, the fluid infusion mouth, liquid outlet and liquid return hole, described air inlet connects described air pump by pipeline, described gas outlet connects described gas distribution pipe by a valve, and described liquid return hole connects the effusion retracting device of described deodorizing tower by pipeline.
CN 200310101736 2003-10-22 2003-10-22 Earthworm excrement deodorizing method and apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN1254173C (en)

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