CN1252347C - 还原－敏感性染料的保护 - Google Patents

还原－敏感性染料的保护 Download PDF

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CN1252347C
CN1252347C CNB028048652A CN02804865A CN1252347C CN 1252347 C CN1252347 C CN 1252347C CN B028048652 A CNB028048652 A CN B028048652A CN 02804865 A CN02804865 A CN 02804865A CN 1252347 C CN1252347 C CN 1252347C
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M·斯图姆普夫
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Abstract

本发明涉及在用染料对纤维材料染色或印刷的过程中保护还原敏感性染料的方法，并涉及新的式(I)化合物和含有式(I)化合物的印刷和染色介质，其中使用了式(I)化合物或其混合物，其中A是+N(C1-4烷基)4，+NH(C1-4烷基)3，+NH2(C1-4烷基)2或+NH3(C1-4烷基)，其中烷基可以是未被取代的或取代的，或者A是II其中R是氢或直链或支化的C1-4烷基；Y是氢、一个直接键；Z是氢或III其中X是一个直接键或C1-4亚烷基；n是1-10；n′是0-10；当Y是氢时，m是0；当Y是直接键时，m是1。

Description

还原-敏感性染料的保护
本发明涉及在纤维制品材料的染色或印刷期间通过加入还原保护剂保护还原-敏感性染料的方法；涉及新的还原保护剂和含有这些还原保护剂的染色或印刷介质。
还原现象非常经常地在纤维素纤维布料上染色期间发生，因为特别是再生纤维素纤维制品往往含有来自其生产过程的还原物质残留物，这导致了那些不希望的效果。
同样地，染色方法需要高温，例如轧染蒸汽，这导致了在使用还原-敏感性染料的情况下收率的损失。相关的作用特别出现在还原染色收率方面。在浅色色调的情况下，该反面作用特别严重。
通过本发明方法克服在纤维素基材上的还原作用而被保护的染料特别是还原染料、直接染料和反应性染料。在反应性染料中，其特别是那些偶氮基、蒽醌基和酞菁基的，并且含至少一个已知的反应性的取代基，诸如β-羟乙基砜硫酸酯、乙烯基磺酰基、2，2，3，3-四氟环丁烷-1-丙烯酰基氨基、一氯三嗪、一氟三嗪、二氯三嗪、二氟三嗪、乙烯基磺酰氨基、β-羟基乙基磺酰氨基硫酸酯和β-苯基磺酰基丙酰氨基。
可保护的染料具有至少两个连接在染料上的反应性基团，所述的染料具有对纤维制品亲核性的基团作为桥基，该类染料包括例如1，3，4-三(丙烯酰)六氢-s-三嗪、亚甲基二丙烯酰胺或2，4，6-三亚乙基亚氨基-均三嗪。
通过这些双官能化合物与纤维制品反应的有用的染料包括那些偶氮和蒽醌系列染料，其中亲核基团包括例如磺胺、N-单基取代的磺胺、羟基、巯基和/或乙酰乙酰基基团和/或含有亚氨基的杂环体系。
如上所述的反应性染料的固定是通过将必要量的例如碳酸氢钠、无水碳酸钠或碱供体的碱加入印刷墨或液剂中，并在连续操作的情况下在饱和或过热蒸汽中蒸热主染料或将它们暴露在干热的作用下。在尽染工艺的情况下，加热含染色液的基材。
然而，还可以不加入碱制备染料批料，并且在两步工艺中固定染料，其中在第二步将碱施用到纺织品上，例如通过pad-mangling、nip-padding或浸染，随后布料可进行低压蒸汽处理，或不进行加热而进行延长的间歇处理。
高效防止还原的本发明方法也包括其它染料，特别是直接染料和还原染料。
已知在染色或印刷中不希望的染料还原可使用间硝基苯磺酸的碱金属盐控制。但是这些化合物的效果往往有缺点。此外，这些物质的低水溶性导致了染色问题。因此通常加入固态的间硝基苯磺酸的盐，这会导致粉尘散步。由于该化合物的毒性这不是没有危险的，因此理想的是予以避免。
通常用于染色和印刷的还原保护剂，诸如氯酸盐和铬酸盐，是不适合的，因为氯酸盐在碱性介质中无效，而铬酸盐导致色调暗淡。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于保护还原敏感性染料的方法，其避免了迄今常用工艺的缺点。
这个目的通过在用染料对纤维制品材料染色或印刷的过程中保护还原敏感性染料的方法实现，其特点在于染色或印刷工艺使用式(I)化合物或其混合物
Figure C0280486500051
其中
A是适合的抗衡阳离子，或
Figure C0280486500052
A是
其中
R是氢或直链或支化的C1-4烷基，
Y是氢、一个直接键、
Figure C0280486500061
或
Figure C0280486500062
其中o、p、p′、q、q′、q″和q独立地是1、2或3，
Z是氢或
Figure C0280486500063
其中X是一个直接键或C1-4亚烷基，
n和n′分别是自然数，其满足的条件是n和n′彼此独立并且n从不为0，
m当Y是氢时，m是0；
当Y是直接键时，m是1；
当Y是
Figure C0280486500064
时，m是2；或
当Y是
Figure C0280486500065
或 时，m是3。
平衡离子A可以是任何常用的对染料没有影响的阳离子阳离子。
特别是碱金属离子或季化的氮化合物，例如+N(C1-4烷基)4，+NH(C1-4烷基)3，+NH2(C1-4烷基)2，+NH3(C1-4烷基)。烷基可以是直链的或支化的。烷基可另外地被取代。有用的取代基特别包括-OH、-NH2、-CN、卤素或C1-4烷氧基。优选的平衡离子特别是+NH(C2-4烷基-OH)3。
优选的方法特征在于使用式(I)化合物或其混合物，其中
A是
Figure C0280486500071
n是1-10，
n′是0-10，和
Y是氢、一个直接键，
或
Figure C0280486500073
此外优选的方法特征在于使用式(I)化合物或其混合物，其中-NO2基团连接在苯环的4位或3位。
另外，优选的方法特征在于A是+N(C1-4烷基)4，+NH(C1-4烷基)3，+NH2(C1-4烷基)2或+NH3(C1-4烷基)，其中烷基可以是未被取代的或取代的。
更优选的方法特征在于A是+N(C2-4烷基)4，+NH(C2-4烷基)3，+NH2(C2-4烷基)2或+NH3(C2-4烷基)，其中烷基可以是未被取代的或被-OH、-NH2、-CN、卤素或C1-4烷氧基取代，其中-NO2基团连接在苯环的4位或3位。
进一步更为优选的方法特征在于使用(I)化合物，其中n是1-5，n′是0-5，Y是一个直接键。
在本发明的还提供式(Ia)化合物
其中取代基分别定义如上。
在优选的化合物中，
R是H或C1-2烷基，
Y当m是0时Y是氢；或当m是1时Y是一个直接键；
Z是氢，
n是1-10，
n′是0-10，和
m是0或1。
本发明还提供含有上述还原保护剂的染料和印刷介质。还原保护剂的浓度基于液剂的总重量优选为0.05-10重量％。
当还原保护剂以印刷糊状物的形式存在时，还原保护剂在糊状物中的份数可任意改变。
用通常的增稠剂制备印刷糊状物。这类增稠剂包括例如中性的、弱碱性的或弱酸性的藻朊酸盐、树胶、烷基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素以及其混合物，以及通过适合的乳化剂制备的乳剂或半乳化浆料。
根据文献中所述的通常已知的合成制备其中A是适合的平衡离子的式化合物(I)。
式(Ia)化合物在964015和EP 442101中催化制备。优选的催化剂是对甲苯磺酸一水合物。在EP 442101中描述了另外的催化剂。缩合反应优选在80℃-190℃的温度进行。反应可以在大气压下或在减压下进行。
随后的实施例举例说明本发明。百分数是基于重量，除非另有说明；温度以摄氏度计。
制备实施例1
先将83.55份4-硝基苯甲酸、240份平均分子量400D的聚乙二醇和1份对甲苯磺酸一水合物加入磺化烧瓶中，在减压下加热到120℃，同时蒸馏出反应水。在2小时期间反应混合物的内部温度升到190℃。然后继续在190℃在45毫巴的压力下搅拌2小时。这样得到的化合物在大气压下冷却至室温，用20.9份油酸聚乙二醇酯(7EO)和20.9份丁基丁基聚乙二醇稀释以得到更好的乳化度。
制备实施例2
重复制备实施例1，除了4-硝基苯甲酸被3-硝基苯甲酸替代以外。这样得到的化合物同样在大气压下冷却至室温，用20.9份油酸聚乙二醇酯(7EO)和20.9份丁基丁基聚乙二醇稀释以得到更好的乳化度。
制备实施例3
167.1份4-硝基苯甲酸和173.7份软化水加热至80℃同时搅拌。在pH7.2在80℃在1小时期间加入159.2份三乙醇胺。混合物随后在80℃搅拌30分钟直到直到形成透明溶液。
制备实施例4
重复制备实施例1，除了4-硝基苯甲酸被3-硝基苯甲酸替代以外。
应用实施例
应用实施例A
1800份含2份制备实施例1的产物和140份氯化钠的含水液剂加入100份纺织棉织品。浴液与3.3份活性蓝52在100份水中的溶液混合，该液剂加热至98℃。在30分钟之后，加入10份3％氢氧化钠溶液，接着每隔5分钟再加入4次10份的3％氢氧化钠溶液，之后染色在90℃再继续40分钟。然后冷却，通过皂洗、漂洗和干燥常规方法完成染色。这以高收率得到了非常标准、洁净和可重现的蓝色染色。
应用实施例A′
不加入制备实施例1产品的对比染色显示色调深度浅了大约5％并且色调偏移变成绿色。
应用实施例B
重复应用实施例A，除了C.I.活性蓝52被相同量的活性黄165代替。这得到了理想的水平和可重现的高洁净度黄色染色。
应用实施例B′
不加入制备实施例1产品的对比染色显示色调深度浅了大约5％并且亮度更低。
应用实施例C
100份纺织棉织品施用了80份含33g/l活性蓝52的液剂。在140℃干燥织物1分钟，然后其与80g每升含10g制备实施例3的产物、250g氯化钠、20g碳酸钠和10g30％氢氧化钠溶液的液剂接触。这样处理的织物用饱和蒸汽在104℃处理4分钟。然后冷却，通过皂洗、漂洗和干燥常规方法完成染色。这以高收率得到了非常标准、洁净和可重现的蓝色染色。
应用实施例C′
不加入制备实施例3产品的对比染色显示色调深度浅了大约10％并且色调偏移变成绿色。
应用实施例D
重复应用实施例A，除了C.I.活性蓝52被相同量的活性黄165代替。这得到了理想的水平和可重现的高洁净度黄色染色。
应用实施例D′
不加入制备实施例3产品的对比染色显示亮度降低。

Claims (5)

1.在用染料对纤维制品材料染色或印刷的过程中保护还原-敏感性染料的方法，其特征在于染色或印刷工艺使用式(I)化合物及其混合物：
其中
A是+N(C1-4烷基)4，+NH(C1-4烷基)3，+NH2(C1-4烷基)2或+NH3(C1-4烷基)，其中烷基可以是未被取代的或取代的，或
Figure C028048650002C2
A是
其中
R是氢或直链或支化的C1-4烷基，
Y是氢、一个直接键，
Z是氢或
Figure C028048650002C3
其中X是一个直接键或C1-4亚烷基，
n是1-10，
n′是0-10，
m当Y是氢时，m是0；
当Y是直接键时，m是1。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于使用其中-NO2基团连接在苯环的4位或3位的式(I)化合物或其混合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其特征在于使用式(I)化合物或其混合物，其中
n是1-5，
n′是0-5，
Y是一个直接键，和
m是1。
4.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于所述染料是反应性染料、直接染料或还原染料。
5.印刷和染色介质，其特征在于它们含有式(I)还原保护剂。
CNB028048652A 2001-02-13 2002-02-11 还原－敏感性染料的保护 Expired - Fee Related CN1252347C (zh)

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