CN1250934A - 跟踪控制方法 - Google Patents

跟踪控制方法 Download PDF

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CN1250934A
CN1250934A CN99121011A CN99121011A CN1250934A CN 1250934 A CN1250934 A CN 1250934A CN 99121011 A CN99121011 A CN 99121011A CN 99121011 A CN99121011 A CN 99121011A CN 1250934 A CN1250934 A CN 1250934A
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CN1134006C (zh
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于尔根·卡登
彼得·马尔
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Deutsche Thomson Brandt GmbH
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    • G11B5/48Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed
    • G11B5/58Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B5/584Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the head relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following on tapes
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    • G11B11/00Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B11/10Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor using recording by magnetic means or other means for magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier, e.g. light induced spin magnetisation; Demagnetisation by thermal or stress means in the presence or not of an orienting magnetic field
    • G11B11/105Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor using recording by magnetic means or other means for magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier, e.g. light induced spin magnetisation; Demagnetisation by thermal or stress means in the presence or not of an orienting magnetic field using a beam of light or a magnetic field for recording by change of magnetisation and a beam of light for reproducing, i.e. magneto-optical, e.g. light-induced thermomagnetic recording, spin magnetisation recording, Kerr or Faraday effect reproducing
    • G11B11/1055Disposition or mounting of transducers relative to record carriers
    • G11B11/10576Disposition or mounting of transducers relative to record carriers with provision for moving the transducers for maintaining alignment or spacing relative to the carrier
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B11/00Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B11/10Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor using recording by magnetic means or other means for magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier, e.g. light induced spin magnetisation; Demagnetisation by thermal or stress means in the presence or not of an orienting magnetic field
    • G11B11/105Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor using recording by magnetic means or other means for magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier, e.g. light induced spin magnetisation; Demagnetisation by thermal or stress means in the presence or not of an orienting magnetic field using a beam of light or a magnetic field for recording by change of magnetisation and a beam of light for reproducing, i.e. magneto-optical, e.g. light-induced thermomagnetic recording, spin magnetisation recording, Kerr or Faraday effect reproducing
    • G11B11/1055Disposition or mounting of transducers relative to record carriers
    • G11B11/10576Disposition or mounting of transducers relative to record carriers with provision for moving the transducers for maintaining alignment or spacing relative to the carrier
    • G11B11/10578Servo format, e.g. prepits, guide tracks, pilot signals
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    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
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    • G11B21/086Access to indexed tracks or parts of continuous track on tapes
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B21/00Head arrangements not specific to the method of recording or reproducing
    • G11B21/02Driving or moving of heads
    • G11B21/10Track finding or aligning by moving the head ; Provisions for maintaining alignment of the head relative to the track during transducing operation, i.e. track following
    • G11B21/103Track finding or aligning by moving the head ; Provisions for maintaining alignment of the head relative to the track during transducing operation, i.e. track following on tapes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B11/00Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B11/10Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor using recording by magnetic means or other means for magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier, e.g. light induced spin magnetisation; Demagnetisation by thermal or stress means in the presence or not of an orienting magnetic field
    • G11B11/105Recording on or reproducing from the same record carrier wherein for these two operations the methods are covered by different main groups of groups G11B3/00 - G11B7/00 or by different subgroups of group G11B9/00; Record carriers therefor using recording by magnetic means or other means for magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier, e.g. light induced spin magnetisation; Demagnetisation by thermal or stress means in the presence or not of an orienting magnetic field using a beam of light or a magnetic field for recording by change of magnetisation and a beam of light for reproducing, i.e. magneto-optical, e.g. light-induced thermomagnetic recording, spin magnetisation recording, Kerr or Faraday effect reproducing
    • G11B11/10532Heads
    • G11B11/10541Heads for reproducing
    • G11B11/10543Heads for reproducing using optical beam of radiation
    • G11B11/10547Heads for reproducing using optical beam of radiation interacting with the magnetisation of an intermediate transfer element, e.g. magnetic film, included in the head
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B5/00Recording by magnetisation or demagnetisation of a record carrier; Reproducing by magnetic means; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B5/48Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed
    • G11B5/54Disposition or mounting of heads or head supports relative to record carriers ; arrangements of heads, e.g. for scanning the record carrier to increase the relative speed with provision for moving the head into or out of its operative position or across tracks
    • G11B5/55Track change, selection or acquisition by displacement of the head
    • G11B5/5504Track change, selection or acquisition by displacement of the head across tape tracks
    • G11B5/5508Control circuits therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
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    • G11B7/0031Recording, reproducing or erasing systems characterised by the shape or form of the carrier with webs, filaments or wires, e.g. belts, spooled tapes or films of quasi-infinite extent using a rotating head, e.g. helicoidal recording

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Abstract

一种相对于数据媒体上数据磁道的磁头单元跟踪控制方法。在例如磁带上,数据磁道分割为多个连续数据部分,各部分本身分割为初始区域和有用区域。至少一个控制磁道在每个数据部分的整个长度上延伸。此外,在每个数据部分的初始区域中提供附加控制磁道,类似地用于跟踪控制。当初始区域移动经过磁头单元时获得的跟踪控制数据也用于当有用区域移动经过磁头单元时,以改善跟踪控制。由此可实现迅速和好的跟踪控制。本发明还涉及与本发明的跟踪控制方法匹配的记录方法。

Description

跟踪控制方法
本发明涉及一种跟踪控制方法,特别用于磁带记录机。本发明基于一种磁头单元相对于数据媒体上的数据磁道的跟踪控制方法,其中数据磁道被至少安排在多个部分中,该多个部分与数据媒体和磁头单元之间的相对移动方向基本平行,在此情况下,数据磁道被分割为连续的数据部分,该连续的数据部分本身各被分割为初始区域和有用区域。
在下文中,术语磁带记录机是指信号、数据或信息以模拟和/或数字形式记录在磁带上和/或从这种磁带上读取的任何设备。尽管如此,这种设备还可以具有其他功能,例如它们可以与电子摄像机组合。
Francois Maurice在“The Magnetic Society of Japan(日本磁学会)”1991年卷15第389至394页上发表的“Towards the Multitrack Digtal Video TapeRecorder(走向多磁道数字磁带录像机)”公开了一种磁带记录机,其中大量的数据和或信号磁道使用纵向磁道记录方法被记录在磁带上。在此文章中公开的设备的情况下,多个数据磁道通过矩阵磁头同时写入。在此设备的一个示例性实施例中,多达80个平行磁道被写入,其宽度为7μm而没有保护带(guardbands),即,在各个磁道之间没有任何中间空间。
多个数据磁道由磁光扫描装置读取,该磁光扫描装置具有磁光换能器。使用Kerr(克尔)效应,数据磁道上的交变磁化被转换为光信号,进而通过光敏CCD元件(“电荷耦合器件”)由该光信号产生电信号。在此情况下,每个数据磁道被指配CCD元件中的一个单元或像素。为了正确重放存储的数据,最好每个数据磁道被成像到一个、且只有一个关联的CCD像素,确切地说,即使磁带的高度不断波动,或者机械振动不断改变数据磁道相对于磁光换能器的位置。为了实现此目的,由现有技术已知,在磁光换能器和CCD器件中间的光束路径上设置透明的平行面式跟踪板。该跟踪板是可移动的,这意味着,一个、且只有一个数据磁道被成像到每个CCD像素,正如例如本申请人在德国专利申请197 47 493.4中所公开的那样。
在称为缩写SDCR的“平稳数字盒式磁带记录机(Stationary DigitalCassette Recorder)”磁带系统中,80个数据磁道被同时记录,其中3个是所谓的伺服磁道,在该伺服磁道中存储适当的图案,以便能够在CCD元件上检测磁光换能器发出的光信号的横向偏移映射。适当的图案和评价这些图案的方法描述在本申请人的德国专利申请DE-A 196 10 089。然而,这些不是本申请的主题。
该已知的方法和该已知的用具能够很快地补偿磁带高度的波动和机械振动。然而,在实际中发现,所用的光学系统不是总能完全均质地成像所有80个数据磁道。这意味着,例如磁带一个边缘上的第一数据磁道被精确地成像到一个像素,而在磁带的另一个边缘上的最后一些数据磁道与它们的关联像素之间发生显著的差错。
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供一种能够进行跟踪校正的跟踪控制方法,它保留了已知方法的优点,但是避免了它的缺点。
为了实现此目的,本发明方法的特征在于,当数据部分移动经过磁头单元时,由至少一个控制磁道来确定初级测量值。此外,当数据部分的初始区域移动经过磁头单元时,由至少一个附加控制磁道来确定次级测量值。由初级和次级测量值来导出跟踪信号,该跟踪信号指示是否,并且在需要时指示沿哪个方向,磁带记录机的磁头单元移动离开其在数据媒体上的标称位置。该跟踪信号被用于产生跟踪控制信号,通过该跟踪控制信号来机械适当的校正,以便补偿跟踪的误差。
最好,为了校正,该跟踪控制信号被发送到至少一个操纵器,通过该操纵器来改变磁头单元在数据媒体上可以寻址的位置。这可以例如通过影响来自磁光换能器的光束路径的跟踪板以下述方式来进行,使得只有一个记录在数据媒体上的数据磁道每次被成像到CCD元件的每个像素上。
根据本发明的一个改进,可以当数据部分的初始区域移动经过磁头单元时,首先由初级测量值来确定第一跟踪信号;然后由初级测量值和次级测量值来确定第二跟踪信号;此后由第一和第二跟踪信号来形成差值,并且存储该差值;并且,在此时间间隔期间,仅由第二跟踪信号来产生跟踪控制信号。
在此基础上,当数据部分的有用区域移动经过磁头单元时,由初级测量值来确定第一跟踪信号;并且,在此时间间隔期间,由第一跟踪信号以及存储的差值来产生跟踪控制信号。这具有下述优点,即,尽管只评价一个控制磁道,但是尽可能考虑光学成像系统沿数据媒体宽度的缺点,来进行磁头单元的跟踪控制。
本发明的第二方面涉及一种用于将数据记录到磁带形式、特别是纵向磁道形式的数据媒体上的方法。
DE 196 10 089公开了将伺服磁道用于磁带的整个长度上的纵向磁道记录。如前所述,越是尽可能准确地将多个要记录的伺服磁道分布在磁带的整个宽度上,对跟踪越是有利。然而,此情况的缺点是,磁带上的空间被伺服数据填满,结果能用于记录有用数据。
在此基础上,本发明的另一个目的是提供一种记录方法,允许增加磁带的有用数据密度,而不会不利地影响跟踪的质量。
为了实现此目的,根据本发明的记录方法,伺服磁道被预先记录在跟踪方法实际进行评价的那些区域中。这具有下述优点,即,数据磁道上的尽可能多的空间可以用于有用数据。
本发明的最后一个方面是提供一种磁带,它允许使用本发明的方法来进行跟踪。所述磁带具有多个数据磁道,该多个数据磁道彼此平行安排,并且被分割为数据部分,该数据部分本身被分割为初始区域和有用区域,在此情况下,至少一个控制磁道在数据部分的整个长度上延伸,其特征在于,提供至少一个附加控制磁道,该附加控制磁道被限制到每个数据部分各自的初始区域。
此磁带与众不同之处在于具有特别高的存储容量用于可自由使用的数据。
附图示意性地示出一种磁带记录机,其中使用了本发明的方法和本发明的磁带。在附图中,
图1a示出多个平行数据磁道被同时记录的磁带记录机的示意图;
图1b示出图1a中的磁带的细节;以及
图2示出跟踪控制安排的示意图。
图1a示意性地示出一种磁带记录机的设计,该磁带记录机将多个平行数据磁道1记录到磁带2上,并且从所述磁带上读取这些磁道。激光二极管3形成线性极化光的发散光源。发散光束通过光学成像装置成像到磁光换能器4上,作为聚焦的条纹。该光学成像装置在图1中示意性地示为采光透镜6。入射光在磁光换能器4中被反射,并且被成像到CCD元件7的光敏区域。该成像装置在该图中示意性地示为成像透镜8。当入射光在磁光换能器4中被反射时,相邻磁带2的磁化引起的杂散磁场使得反射光的极化面相对于入射光的极化面旋转。这种效应称为Kerr效应。在光到达CCD元件7之前,它经过图中未图示的分析仪,设置该分析仪,使得极化面未旋转的光不衰减地经过。上述部件形成读取单元,调节该读取单元,使得每次由一个数据磁道影响的光被成像到CCD元件7的一个像素上。为了保证如此,在反射光的光束路径上设置跟踪板9。跟踪板9由平行面式透明板构成,它可以由操纵装置11向后和向前移动或绕轴旋转。板9的折射率大于空气的折射率,使得出射光相对于入射光平行偏移。这样,到达CCD元件7的光可以在图中的竖直方向上通过移动跟踪板9来移动。运意味着,CCD元件在磁带2上读取的区域的位置被移动,从而可以获得最佳调节。
至此所述的安排用于由CCD元件7从磁带2上的每个数据磁道1的交变磁化来产生电输出信号。这些信号由适当的电路装置转换为数字电输出信号,它可以用来重放音乐,该电路装置包括放大器12、模数转换器13以及信号处理单元14。此外,来自放大器12的输出信号被发送到预处理级16,该预处理级16评价来自伺服磁道的信号。来自预处理级16的输出信号是跟踪信号,它指示是否,并且在需要时指示沿哪个方向,与伺服磁道关联的CCD元件7中的这些像素从CCD元件上的伺服磁道的光学图像偏移。该跟踪信号被提供给伺服控制器17,它向操纵装置11发送跟踪控制信号,操纵装置11改变跟踪板9的位置,使得每个数据磁道再一次精确地成像到CCD元件7的一个像素上。
跟踪板9的安排再一次详细地示于图1b,在此情况下,为了简洁,省略了所有其他光学成像装置。跟踪板9操作的方式详细公开于本申请人的欧洲专利申请97 402 267.5号。在图中,箭头17a、17b示出跟踪板9的移动。箭头17c、17d指示这对数据磁道在CCD元件上的成像的影响。
图2示出磁带2的细节,其中伺服磁道18a..18c由阴影区域强调。每个伺服磁道包括例如3个数据磁道。所有其他数据磁道与这些伺服磁道18a..18c平行安排,但是为了简洁,没有示出。在描述磁带记录机的情况下,数据磁道被记录在纵向磁道上,该纵向磁道在纵向上被分割为各个数据部分。图2示出被分割为初始区域22和有用区域23的数据部分21。可以看出,第一伺服磁道18a在数据部分21的整个长度上延伸,而与此相对,另外两个伺服磁道18b、18c值在初始区域22上延伸。
下面参照图2来详细说明本发明的跟踪控制方法操作的方式:
当数据部分21的初始区域22移动经过磁光换能器4时,通过预处理级16和伺服控制器17来评价所有3个伺服磁道安排18a..18c,并且在必要时移动跟踪控制板9,以便改善跟踪。3个伺服磁道18a..18c的评价导致所有数据磁道的好的跟踪,但是在数据媒体上消耗相对大量的空间、和评价能力。此外,所有伺服磁道的评价减慢了跟踪控制。然而,这在数据部分21的初始区域22中是无关紧要的,因为存储在那里的数据只用于所述评价电子系统的同步。
详细地说,在初始区域22中,一方面,一个跟踪信号仅由伺服磁道18a确定,另一方面,另一个跟踪信号由所有3个伺服磁道18a..18c确定。由于CCD元件7的光敏区域上的数据磁道的光学成像的这种不均质性,两个跟踪信号有差异。这种差异被存储为差异值,并且提供这种不均质性的度量。
数据区域21的有用区域23的情况不同,因为这里,磁带2上的尽量多的空间可以用于有用数据,而让跟踪控制尽量快地同时工作。因此,只有伺服磁道18a继续进入有用区域23。有用区域23中的迅速、然而准确的跟踪控制是用本发明的方法在整个磁道高度上实现的,在该方法中,除了来自伺服磁道18a的测量值以外,还考虑校正值。
从初始区域22可知伺服磁道18a产生的跟踪信号与考虑所有3个伺服磁道18a..18c的跟踪信号相差的量。此误差被存储为上述的差值。假设有用区域23经受与初始区域22相同的不均质性,则只能评价1个伺服磁道,而不是3个,并且将所述差值加到结果上。在实际中发现,实际上可以以此方式来实现迅速而准确的跟踪。
本方法的优点是,在磁带2上节省了空间,而同时允许跟踪控制更迅速地特别是响应外部机械干扰。
本发明的记录方法考虑上述跟踪控制方法的要求。多个平行数据磁道使用纵向磁道方法由矩阵磁头24(图1a)记录到磁带2上。如结合图2所述,数据磁道被分割多个区域,在此情况下,3个伺服磁道被记录在初始区域22,而与此相对,只有1个伺服磁道18a被记录在有用区域23。与3个伺服磁道被连续记录的方法相比,使用本发明的记录方法可以增加有用数据的数据密度。
本发明的跟踪控制方法还可以用于将数据记录到数据媒体上,而不只是用于播放。

Claims (10)

1、一种磁头单元相对于数据媒体(2)上的数据磁道(1)的跟踪控制方法,其中数据磁道(1)被至少安排在多个部分中,该多个部分与数据媒体(2)和磁头单元之间的相对移动方向基本平行,在此情况下,数据磁道(1)被分割为连续的数据部分(21),该连续的数据部分(21)本身各被分割为初始区域(22)和有用区域(23),其特征在于,该方法包括下述步骤:
a)当数据部分(21)移动经过磁头单元时,由至少一个控制磁道(18a)来确定初级测量值;
b)当数据部分(21)的初始区域(22)移动经过磁头单元时,由至少一个附加控制磁道(18b,18c)来确定次级测量值;
c)根据初级和次级测量值来导出跟踪信号;
d)由跟踪信号产生跟踪控制信号。
2、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,该跟踪控制信号被发送到至少一个操纵器(11),通过该操纵器(11)来改变磁头单元在数据媒体(2)上可以寻址的位置。
3、如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,当数据部分(21)的初始区域(22)移动经过磁头单元时,
a)首先由初级测量值来确定第一跟踪信号;
b)然后由初级测量值和次级测量值来确定第二跟踪信号;此后
c)由第一和第二跟踪信号来形成差值,并且存储该差值;以及
d)在此时间间隔期间,仅由第二跟踪信号来产生跟踪控制信号。
4、如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,当数据部分(21)的有用区域(23)移动经过磁头单元时,
a)由初级测量值来确定第一跟踪信号;以及
b)在此时间间隔期间,由第一跟踪信号以及存储的差值来产生跟踪控制信号。
5、一种用于将数据记录到磁带形式的数据媒体上的方法,在此情况下,该方法包括下述步骤:
a)写入磁头(24)被用于将多个数据磁道(1)同时记录到数据媒体(2)上,在此情况下,数据磁道(1)被分割为多个连续的数据部分(21),该多个连续的数据部分(21)本身各被分割为初始区域(22)和有用区域(23),并且这些数据磁道中的至少一个被用作初级控制磁道(18a),该初级控制磁道(18a)用于写入磁头(24)或磁头单元的跟踪控制;
b)此外,至少一个次级控制磁道(18b,18c)被记录到每个数据部分的初始区域(22)中,但是不在该数据部分的整个有用区域上延伸。
6、如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,一个或多个次级控制磁道(18a,18b)被限制到该初始区域。
7、如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在重放期间被用于读取单元的同步的数据被记录到每个数据部分的初始区域中,而有用数据被记录到每个数据部分(21)的有用区域(23)中。
8、如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,该初级控制磁道(18a)被记录到数据媒体(2)的基本中心。
9、如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,另外两个控制磁道(18a,18b)被记录到数据媒体(2)的边缘上每个数据部分(21)的初始区域(22)中。
10,一种具有多个数据磁道的磁带,该多个数据磁道彼此平行安排,并且被分割为数据部分(21),该数据部分(21)本身被分割为初始区域和有用区域,在此情况下,至少一个控制磁道(18a)在数据部分(21)的整个长度上延伸,其特征在于,提供至少一个附加控制磁道(18b,18c),该附加控制磁道(18b,18c)被限制到每个数据部分(21)各自的初始区域(22)。
CNB991210115A 1998-10-10 1999-10-09 跟踪控制方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1134006C (zh)

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