CN1243551C - 增强免疫反应的碳水化合物制剂(前生物佐剂) - Google Patents
增强免疫反应的碳水化合物制剂(前生物佐剂) Download PDFInfo
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- CN1243551C CN1243551C CNB018058973A CN01805897A CN1243551C CN 1243551 C CN1243551 C CN 1243551C CN B018058973 A CNB018058973 A CN B018058973A CN 01805897 A CN01805897 A CN 01805897A CN 1243551 C CN1243551 C CN 1243551C
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Abstract
增强免疫反应的前生物，增强免疫反应的营养组合物；前生物在制备用于增强免疫反应的药物或营养组合物中的应用；前生物在制备用于预防或治疗麻疹的药物或营养组合物中的应用；增强免疫反应的方法，包括施用有效量的前生物；和预防或支持治疗麻疹的方法，包括施用有效量的前生物。在优选的实施方案中，前生物包含果糖低聚糖。
Description
本发明涉及增强免疫反应的碳水化合物制剂，增强免疫反应的营养组合物；前生物制剂在制备用于增强免疫反应的药物或营养组合物中的应用；前生物制剂在制备用于提高对接种疫苗、特别是接种麻疹疫苗的免疫反应以及预防和支持治疗疾病和感染例如细菌、病毒和寄生虫感染的药物或营养组合物中的应用；增强免疫反应的方法，包括施用有效量的前生物混合物；和预防或支持治疗疾病的方法，包括施用有效量的前生物制剂。
在本说明书上下文中，用语“包括”是指“除了别的之外包括”。其不应当理解为“仅由......组成”。
众所周知前生物包含碳水化合物，更具体来说低聚糖。此外，还已知它们已广泛用作功能食品组分。它们抵抗得住人消化道酶的水解作用，可到达结肠而保持不降解，并提供特别适于双岐杆菌生长的碳水化合物。低聚糖可由葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、乳糖、淀粉、木聚糖、半纤维素、菊粉、或它们的混合物生成。纯的市售产品例如果糖低聚糖是含有大于约95％的低聚糖的固体。
麻疹给公众健康带来严重问题，每年约有七千万儿童感染麻疹，并且据估计每年有二百万人死于该疾病或其并发症。除了发烧和皮疹以外，麻疹的后果包括急性腹泻或痢疾、肺炎、脑炎、和用于急性维生素A缺乏所导致的失明。因此，在发展中国家，死亡比例可达到10-20％(Semba R.D.Clin.Infect.Dis.1994；19：489-499)。
可通过接种减弱的活疫苗维持高水平免疫来预防麻疹。
在经常发生麻疹并且给儿童健康和生命带来威胁的地区，麻疹疫苗通常在出生15个月时接种，但是可以更早接种(在出生6-9个月时接种)。然而，在出生不到12个月时对接种麻疹疫苗的反应不是最佳的，因为婴儿可能经胎盘获得了以不同比例消失的母亲的抗体。由于免疫接种后血清转化比例不是100％，可能有一段免疫空白期，通常指示需要进行下一次抗麻疹的免疫接种。
对早先的麻疹疫苗接种的提高反应可因此带来实质性的、长期持续的保护直至施用下一次疫苗。
本发明解决了上述问题。
现在已经发现，免疫接种后，食用包含前生物制剂的食物的儿童的免疫反应显著强于食用不含前生物制剂的对照食物的儿童。
因此，在第一个方面，本发明提供了用于增强免疫反应的包含至少一种前生物的组合物。
在第二个方面，本发明提供了前生物在制备用于增强免疫反应的药物或营养组合物中的应用。
在第三个方面，本发明提供了前生物或组合物在制备用于预防或支持治疗麻疹的药物或营养组合物中的应用。
在第四个方面，本发明提供了增强免疫反应的方法，包括施用有效量的前生物或包含至少一种前生物的组合物。
在第五个方面，本发明提供了预防或支持治疗疾病例如麻疹的方法，包括施用有效量的前生物或包含至少一种前生物的组合物。
本发明的一个实施方案优选是包含至少一种前生物的营养组合物。
前生物的一个实施方案优选包含由葡萄糖、半乳糖、木糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、乳糖、淀粉、木聚糖、半纤维素、菊粉、或它们的混合物生成的低聚糖。低聚糖更优选包含果糖低聚糖。前生物更优选包含果糖低聚糖与菊粉的混合物。该混合物优选包含PREBI01或市售RAFTILOSE与RAFTILINEO的混合物。
前生物的实施方案优选包含约50％-约90％果糖低聚糖。其更优选包含约60％-约80％果糖低聚糖。其最优选包含约70％果糖低聚糖。
前生物的实施方案优选包含约10％-约50％菊粉。其更优选包含约20％-约40％菊粉。其最优选包含约30％菊粉。
除了前生物以外，组合物的实施方案优选还包含原生物。原生物优选选自两歧双岐杆菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)和嗜热链球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)。两歧双岐杆菌优选为乳双岐杆菌(Bifidobacterium lactis)。
本发明优点是，其提供了疫苗接种后增强的免疫反应，并由此提供了实质性保护作用直至可下一次施用疫苗。
本发明的另一个优点是提供了对早先麻疹疫苗接种的增强反应，并且可由此提供抗麻疹的实质性保护作用直至下一次施用麻疹疫苗。
本发明还有一个优点是，通过在免疫接种之前、期间、和之后简单地摄取食物，即可用来增强免疫反应，例如抗麻疹的保护作用。应当理解，静脉内或皮下施用药物需要专门技术，并且其不如口服施用安全、方便或为患者所接受。出于这些考虑，本发明提供了可口服施用的营养和/或治疗产品的清楚优点。
下文优选实施方案的描述中描述了本发明的其它特征和优点，并且这些其它特征和优点从中变得显而易见。
在一个实施方案中，营养组合物包含基于谷类食品的乳和前生物制剂。基于谷类食品的乳优选为婴儿谷类食品，其作为前生物制剂的载体。
前生物包含果糖低聚糖与菊粉的混合物，其中果糖低聚糖的含量为70％重量，菊粉的含量为30％重量。
组合物的一个实施方案可包含蛋白源和/或碳水化合物源和/或脂肪源。
食用蛋白优选用作蛋白源。食用蛋白可以是任意合适的食用蛋白；例如动物蛋白(例如乳蛋白、肉蛋白或卵蛋白)；植物蛋白(例如大豆蛋白、小麦蛋白、稻米蛋白、和豌豆蛋白)；游离氨基酸混合物；或它们的组合。乳蛋白例如酪蛋白、乳清蛋白或大豆蛋白或它们的混合物是特别优选的。
组合物实施方案可包含脂肪源，脂肪源优选提供约5％-约55％的组合物能量；例如约20％-约50％的能量。组成脂肪源的脂质可以是任意合适的脂肪或脂肪混合物。例如，可按照需要加入豆油、棕榈油、椰子油、红花油、向日葵油、玉米油、canola油、卵磷脂或动物脂肪例如乳脂。
组合物实施方案可包含碳水化合物源。其优选提供约40％-约80％的组合物能量。可使用任意合适的碳水化合物例如蔗糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖、玉米浆固体、麦芽糖糊精或它们的混合物。
如果需要的话，组合物实施方案可包含食用纤维。食用纤维优选占营养组合物重量的最高达约5％。食用纤维可得自任意合适的来源，包括例如大豆、豌豆、燕麦、果胶、瓜尔胶、阿拉伯胶、果糖低聚糖或它们的混合物。
本发明营养组合物中可包含其量满足适当规定的合适的维生素和无机物。
如果需要的话，本发明营养组合物中可包含一种或多种食品级乳化剂；例如甘油一酯和二酯的二乙酰基酒石酸酯，卵磷脂和甘油一酯或甘油二酯或其混合物。同样，可包含合适的盐和/或稳定剂。
用于提高免疫反应例如接种麻疹疫苗后的免疫反应的营养组合物优选经肠施用；例如呈粉剂、片剂、胶囊、液体浓缩物、固体产品或即饮型饮料的形式。如果希望制备粉状营养制剂，将均化的混合物转移到合适的干燥装置例如喷雾干燥器或冷冻干燥器中，并转化成粉末。
或者，组合物实施方案可含有常见食品。例如，发酵奶、酸乳、新鲜的干酪、酶凝奶、条状糖食、早餐谷类片状或条状食品、饮料、奶粉、基于大豆的产品、非奶发酵产品或用于临床营养的营养补充物。加入到组合物中的量优选为至少约0.01％重量。
本发明组合物实施方案可包括在糖食商品例如甜的或加甜的饮料中。
下面实施例仅是为了举例说明，并且不应当将其理解为对本申请主题的限制。除非另有说明，否则百分比和份数都是按重量计的。
实施例1：营养组合物
组合物可通过将谷类食品与4％前生物(70％果糖低聚糖、30％菊粉)混合而制得。其组成如下所示：
| ％ | |
| 谷类食品前生物 | 96％4％ |
在10周的实验期间内，婴儿每天接受1-2份该组合物或不合前生物的谷类食品(每份25g谷类食品和70ml水)。记录每天消耗的谷类食品的量。对于摄取奶、固体或家庭食品没有任何限制。
很明显，如果食用了本发明营养组合物，则接种麻疹疫苗10周后，IgG抗体的浓度显著高于食用了不含前生物的类似营养组合物的个体。很明显，已经发现，当食用了包含前生物的组合物时，IgG抗体在血液中的浓度显著增加。令人惊奇的是，IgG水平增加了至少50％。
进行双盲随机对照实验来验证含有补充果糖低聚糖和菊粉(PREBIO1)的“前生物”混合物的奶(Nestle)的婴儿谷类食品对接种麻疹疫苗后的免疫反应的影响。
将食用混合食物(乳汁、婴儿食品、和固体)的8个月大小的婴儿随机分成两组。两组都在10周期间内接受谷类食品，并且其中一组补充果糖低聚糖与菊粉的混合物PREBIO1(1g/25g谷类食品)。采用谷类食品4周后，用活的减弱的麻疹疫苗(Biofarma，Indonesia)给婴儿进行免疫接种。临接种前和接种6周后采集血液以进行I gG麻疹抗体测定(Elisa；PanBio，Australia)。记录生长、一般健康状况、和免疫接种后的轻微反应(例如发热、流鼻涕)。
实验完成时，在参与实验的50个婴儿当中，24个婴儿的饮食补充本发明组合物(S)，25个对照婴儿的饮食没有补充本发明组合物(C)。在S组中，免疫接种后的IgG抗体水平明显要高(p＜0.05)。
在S和C组中，IgG抗体分别增加了6.6和4.2倍(p＜0.03)。免疫接种后的IgG阳性比例为96％(S)和88％(C)。在S组中明显更经常地观察到了轻微反应(p＜0.01)。没有观察到生长和整个健康状况有任何不同。
由此可以推断，摄入具有本发明前生物组合物的婴儿谷类食品改善了免疫反应例如接种麻疹疫苗后的免疫反应。
实施例2：食品补充剂
通过将果糖低聚糖与菊粉以约70％果糖低聚糖和约30％菊粉的重量比混合来制备食品补充剂。可向所得前生物混合物中加入合适的载体或者与合适的载体混合，这样的载体是例如发酵奶、酸乳、新鲜的干酪、酶凝奶、条状糖食、早餐谷类片状或条状食品、饮料、奶粉、基于大豆的产品、非奶发酵产品或用于临床营养的营养补充物。
应当理解，本文所述的优选实施方案的各种改变和改进对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的。可在不背离本发明实质和范围、并且不减少本发明优点的情况下作这样的改变和改进。因此，这样的改变和改进包括在权利要求书范围内。
Claims (9)
1.组合物在制备增强麻疹疫苗接种后的免疫反应的药剂中的应用，其特征在于所述组合物含有至少一种前生物。
2.权利要求1的应用，其中所述前生物包含由葡萄糖、木糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、乳糖、淀粉、木聚糖、半纤维素、菊粉、或它们的混合物生成的低聚糖。
3.权利要求1或2的应用，其中所述前生物包含果糖低聚糖、菊粉或它们的混合物。
4.权利要求3的应用，其中所述前生物的含量为20-80％重量。
5.权利要求4的应用，其中所述前生物包含60-80％重量的果糖低聚糖和20-40％重量的菊粉。
6.权利要求5的应用，其中所述组合物还包含原生物。
7.权利要求6的应用，其中所述原生物选自乳杆菌属、双岐杆菌属和/或链球菌属。
8.权利要求7的应用，其中所述原生物选自两歧双岐杆菌和嗜热链球菌。
9.权利要求8的应用，其中所述组合物是选自下列的食品组合物：奶、酸乳、凝乳、干酪、发酵奶、基于奶的发酵产品、冰淇淋、基于发酵的谷类植物的产品、奶粉、婴儿食品、宠物食品，或选自下列的药物组合物：片剂、液体悬浮剂、干燥的口服补充剂、湿的口服补充剂、干燥的管饲剂或湿的管饲剂。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0247071B1 (en) | 1985-10-31 | 1993-09-22 | The Australian National University | Immunotherapeutic treatment |
| US5422346A (en) | 1988-01-06 | 1995-06-06 | California Natural Products | Instant dried dahlia inulin juice and its method of production and usage |
| DE4341780A1 (de) * | 1993-12-08 | 1995-06-14 | Suedzucker Ag | Hydrierte Fructooligosaccharide |
| DE69520528T2 (de) * | 1994-06-14 | 2001-09-27 | Raffinerie Tirlemontoise, S.A. | Verwendung einer Zusammensetzung enthaltend Inulin oder Oligofructose als Antikrebsmittel |
| ATE169456T1 (de) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-08-15 | Sitia Yomo Spa | Lyophilisierte, lebende bakerien enthaltende nahrungszusammensetzung |
| US6203797B1 (en) | 1998-01-06 | 2001-03-20 | Stephen C. Perry | Dietary supplement and method for use as a probiotic, for alleviating the symptons associated with irritable bowel syndrome |
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| JP4838477B2 (ja) | 2011-12-14 |
| HUP0204546A3 (en) | 2003-10-28 |
| US20040191234A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
| CA2400969A1 (en) | 2001-09-07 |
| NO20024011L (no) | 2002-08-22 |
| PL365136A1 (en) | 2004-12-27 |
| AU2001231746B2 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
| US20030040492A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
| WO2001064225A1 (en) | 2001-09-07 |
| MXPA02008447A (es) | 2002-12-13 |
| AU3174601A (en) | 2001-09-12 |
| US7101553B2 (en) | 2006-09-05 |
| AR027968A1 (es) | 2003-04-16 |
| PT1261355E (pt) | 2005-02-28 |
| CN1422158A (zh) | 2003-06-04 |
| BR0108828A (pt) | 2002-12-10 |
| AU2001231746C1 (en) | 2005-10-06 |
| NO20024011D0 (no) | 2002-08-22 |
| DE60107544D1 (de) | 2005-01-05 |
| HUP0204546A2 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
| HK1051650A1 (en) | 2003-08-15 |
| JP2003533438A (ja) | 2003-11-11 |
| ES2232591T3 (es) | 2005-06-01 |
| DE60107544T2 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
| EP1261355B1 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| CA2400969C (en) | 2011-04-19 |
| EP1261355A1 (en) | 2002-12-04 |
| ATE283697T1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
| KR20020081375A (ko) | 2002-10-26 |
| UA73763C2 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| IL151280A0 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
| ZA200207849B (en) | 2003-12-30 |
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