CN1240778A

CN1240778A - Long-acting mixed organic manure prepared from house refuse

Info

Publication number: CN1240778A
Application number: CN98112533A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄志如
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-06-26
Filing date: 1998-06-26
Publication date: 2000-01-12

Abstract

A long-acting organic mixed fertilizer is prepared from house refuse through classfying the refuse, fermentating twice, crushing, and mixing with rapeseed cake, tungseed cake, teaseed cake, N, P and K. Its advantages are quickly and durably taking its effect, high fertility and reducing environmental pollution of refuse.

Description

The long-acting mixed organic manure that utilizes domestic refuse to make

The present invention relates to urban environment and fertilizer industry, is a kind of long-acting mixed organic manure that utilizes domestic refuse to make.

In today of modern city develop rapidly, domestic waste has become public hazards, the concern and the attention of countries in the world have been caused, but because the complexity of component of refuse, handle relatively difficulty, a lot of countries all drop into a huge sum of money rubbish is studied and handled, and some waste disposal methods have at present: Japan carries out height with high strength chemistry additive to rubbish and is pressed into piece, be used for enclosing extra large embankment, the U.S. adopts oil spout to burn to rubbish and gets energy.These method investments are big, technical sophistication, concerning the numerous small and medium-sized cities of China, all can't accomplish, China Beijing, Tianjin, big cities such as Guangzhou are to be used for doing the mound design engineering to the processing of municipal wastes, utilize big machinery to come spreading, cover, take a large amount of soils, and because the seepage of hazardous and noxious substances in the rubbish, the polluted underground water source, and Zhuhai, cities such as Leshan adopt and burn digestion rubbish, burn though rubbish is transported the city, trucking costs is big, the smog of burning, gas causes the pollution to environment equally, simultaneously also burn many available materials, wasted resource.

Also there is the custom that rubbish is used as fertilizer in China, but just directly pours rubbish into farmland, because rubbish does not have sorting, some rubbish causes damage to farmland and peasant, and fertilizer efficiency is not obvious; And long-term single use chemical fertilizer easily causes the field to harden, and is unfavorable for the growth of farm crop, can not satisfy the needs of farm crop to multiple nutrient, and the amount of application cumulative year after year.

Purpose of the present invention will turn waste into wealth exactly, utilizes domestic waste to produce long-acting mixed organic manure, has both solved the domestic waste problem of environment pollution caused, has improved the fertilizer efficiency of domestic refuse again, produces a kind of new mixed organic manure.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the long-acting mixed organic manure that utilizes domestic refuse to make, its composition has: the organism behind the rubbish fermentation, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, paulownia is withered, tea is withered, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, wherein contains organic 10～20%, nitrogen 3～8%, phosphorus 3～5%, potassium 4～6%.

Organic components among the present invention domestic refuse of fermenting exactly.Its concrete treatment process is: at first domestic waste is carried out sorting, sorting substances such as metal and masonry, glass, plastics are come out, reclaim useful matter, other refuses carry out landfill.Then organism is sent into the one time fermentation pond, spilt nature water, control moisture content keeps 30～40%, temperature is 45～85 ℃, utilizes the ventilation oxygen supply to regulate, and ferments 10～15 days, go out to store sorting then, after removing the bigger non-compost thing of the inorganics do not selected and particle diameter once more, stack naturally under the normal temperature and carry out Secondary Fermentation, keep ventilating, ferment after 10 days, fermented product is carried out separating metal, enter pulverizer and pulverize, carry out fine and closely woven degree riddler again.

Fermentation vat of the present invention is that lid is arranged at the top, and has feed inlet and outlet, and the bottom has the horizontal, vertical ventilation slot that communicates, Feng Bi cellar for storing things body all around, and body bottom, cellar for storing things be a ramped shaped, the suitable ventilation duct of low side has 1～3 ventilation hole at the bottom of the wall of cellar for storing things.

The present invention has remarkable social benefit and environmental benefit.At first purified urban environment, made the unified collection of rubbish, unified harmless treatment alleviates pollution and the destruction of municipal wastes to ecotope; Next is recycled, and turns waste into wealth, and plays a positive role to supporting agriculture production.Fertilizer that comes out with urban house refuse fermentation according to the present invention and multielement chemical fertilizer carry out scientific formula, can not only provide full nutrition to farm crop, promote its growth, improve its quality, and fertilizer efficiency is long, can strengthen the farm crop resistance against pests and diseases, can increase and upgrade the organism of soil, promote the breeding of microorganism, strengthen soil water-retaining, fertilizer-preserving ability organically combines the quick-acting of chemical fertilizer and the long-lasting of fertilizer, investigate and analyse according to the contriver, use long-acting mixed organic manure of the present invention, next year amount of application can reduce 20%, farm crop can increase production 15～30%.Therefore, also has remarkable economic efficiency.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in detail embodiments of the invention are described in detail.

Figure one is the vertical view of fermentation vat of the present invention.

Figure two is that fermentation vat A-A of the present invention is to sectional view.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, after domestic waste is marched into the arena, at first carry out sorting, sorting substances such as the metal in the rubbish, bigger masonry, glass, plastics are come out, reclaim useful matter, refuse then carries out landfill.If sorting rubbish then can save sorting, directly organism is sent into the one time fermentation pond, fermentation vat design volume is at 50m ³About, be a rectangular parallelepiped, its long 5.5m, wide 3.5m, the degree of depth from 2 meters gradually to 3 meters, make the bottom form ramped shaped, the bottom has the ventilation duct 1 that communicates anyhow, about ventilation duct spacing 1m, the wide 0.3m of ventilation duct, high 0.15m, the fermentation vat top covers 2, has feed inlet and outlet 5, at sloping low side, ventilation duct break-through Jiao Bi becomes ventilation hole 3, and dividing plate 4 is stamped in body bottom, cellar for storing things, after organism is sent into, the nature water of splashing, control moisture 30～40%, fixed according to seasonal variation and rubbish humidity, excessive moisture can flow to ventilation hole by ventilation duct and get rid of.Spontaneous fermentation 10～15 days is decided according to temperature.Between yeast phase, various microbial fermentations heat up, the rubbish temperature rises 45～85 ℃ naturally, specifically can regulate by the oxygen supply of ventilating of control ventilation hole size, after fermentation is finished, go out to store sorting once more, screen with screen-dividing machine, remove inorganics and the bigger non-compost thing of particle diameter do not sent for the first time, stir then and enter the Secondary Fermentation storehouse and carry out Secondary Fermentation, under the normal temperature, keep naturally ventilated stacking, fermented 10 days, use the magnetic separation separating metal then, residual organic substances enters pulverizer and is crushed to the 0.2mm size, carries out fine and closely woven degree riddler again.

With refuse treatment good after, add cake-shaped rape seed dregs, paulownia is withered, tea is withered and nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, carry out roll-in after, mixing and stirring promptly gets product, according to the various fertilizer differences that various farmlands need be used, the present invention can have various prescriptions.

Prescription one: be applicable to drought soil and each planting fruit-trees.

With total amount 1000kg is example, wherein: organism 575kg, cake-shaped rape seed dregs 100kg, the withered 100kg of paulownia, the withered 35kg of tea, urea 50kg, calcium superphosphate 100kg, vitriolate of tartar 40kg;

Prescription two: be applicable to the farmland.

With the total amount is that 1000kg is an example, wherein: organism 550kg, the withered 75kg of tea, the withered 75kg of paulownia, cake-shaped rape seed dregs 50kg, urea 75kg, calcium superphosphate 125kg, vitriolate of tartar 50kg;

Prescription three: be applicable to the immersion farmland.

With total amount 1000kg is example, wherein: organism 500kg, cake-shaped rape seed dregs 150kg, the withered 50kg of paulownia, urea 50kg, phosphate fertilizer 150kg, potash fertilizer 100kg;

Prescription four: be applicable to drought soil plantation melon, really, dish etc.

With total amount 1000kg is example, wherein: organism 575kg, cake-shaped rape seed dregs 100kg, the withered 50kg of paulownia, the withered 50kg of tea, urea 25kg, phosphate fertilizer 150kg, potash fertilizer 50kg;

Long-acting mixed organic manure manufactured according to the present invention wherein contains organic material 10～20%, nitrogen 3～8%, phosphorus 3～5%, potassium 4～6%.

Claims

1. long-acting mixed organic manure that utilizes domestic refuse to make, it is characterized in that its composition mainly is: the organism behind the rubbish fermentation, cake-shaped rape seed dregs, paulownia is withered, tea is withered, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, wherein contains organic 10～20%, nitrogen 3～8%, phosphorus 3～5%, potassium 4～6%.

2. the long-acting mixed organic manure that utilizes domestic refuse to make according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the organism in its composition is the fermentation domestic refuse, its treatment process is that the organic matter rubbish that sub-elects from domestic refuse is sent into the one time fermentation pond, be spilled into nature water, control moisture 30～40%, 45～85 ℃ of temperature, utilize the ventilation oxygen supply to regulate, fermented 10～15 days, and went out cellar for storing things, sorting once more then, remove inorganics and the bigger non-compost thing of particle diameter do not selected, again at normal temperatures, stack naturally and carry out Secondary Fermentation, keep natural ventilation, fermented 10 days, fermented product is carried out separating metal, enter pulverizer and pulverize, carry out fine and closely woven degree riddler at last.

3. long-acting mixed organic manure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the organic matter rubbish fermentation uses fermentation vat as the top lid to be arranged, and have a feed inlet and outlet, the bottom has the horizontal, vertical ventilation slot that communicates, Feng Bi cellar for storing things body all around, body bottom, cellar for storing things is a ramped shaped, and low side has 1～3 ventilation hole along ventilation duct at the bottom of the wall of cellar for storing things.