CN112441851A - Municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing preparation fertilizer production system - Google Patents
Municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing preparation fertilizer production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112441851A CN112441851A CN202011529875.2A CN202011529875A CN112441851A CN 112441851 A CN112441851 A CN 112441851A CN 202011529875 A CN202011529875 A CN 202011529875A CN 112441851 A CN112441851 A CN 112441851A
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 13
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
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- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
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- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
- C05F17/15—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment the material being gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The application discloses municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing prepares fertilizer production system. This municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing preparation fertilizer production system includes: the automatic material feeding device, the material mixing machine, the aerobic fermentation device, the automatic screening machine and the automatic racking machine; from the top down the material passes through automatic feed device, material mixer, good oxygen fermenting installation, automatic screening machine and automatic racking machine through the pipeline, and material cutting device is installed to material mixer entrance point, and the automatic feed device top is equipped with leaks hopper-shaped feeding storehouse, and good oxygen fermenting installation surface is equipped with the heat preservation, and good oxygen fermenting installation is 8 ~ 20 with the contained angle of horizontal plane, material cutting device is roller type cutting machine. The technical problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the fact that municipal sludge and kitchen waste cannot be better subjected to cooperative treatment and recycling are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of renewable energy, in particular to a fertilizer production system for co-processing municipal sludge and kitchen waste.
Background
With the rapid development of economic society of China and the acceleration of urbanization, sludge and kitchen waste are increasing in cities. A large amount of sludge can be generated while a large amount of sewage plants are built, a large amount of residual sludge can be generated by large-scale sewage plants every day, and municipal sludge is rich in pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms, but also contains rich organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient elements. The kitchen waste is similar to municipal sludge, the production amount is increasing day by day, and the kitchen waste contains a large amount of nutrient substances such as grease, protein, fat, trace elements and the like, so that the possibility of recycling the kitchen waste is provided. The reasonable way of treating the sludge and the kitchen waste can relieve the environmental pollution of the sludge, reduce the daily operating cost of a sewage plant, recycle the sludge and develop a new way of utilizing the sludge.
However, the existing main treatment modes of sludge or kitchen waste comprise incineration, landfill, anaerobic digestion, aerobic fermentation and the like, but various treatment processes are various, the defects of each process are more, and how the kitchen waste and municipal sludge are taken as typical representatives of solid waste can properly treat the sludge and the kitchen waste, which is an important task of environmental protection and resource recycling. The invention solves the technical problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by incapability of better cooperative treatment and reutilization of municipal sludge and kitchen waste. In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The main aim of this application is to provide a municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing prepares fertilizer production system to solve in present city, because municipal sludge and kitchen garbage can't better coprocessing and the technical problem of the wasting of resources that results in with recycling.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, a system for producing fertilizer by co-processing municipal sludge and kitchen waste is provided. This municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing preparation fertilizer production system includes: the automatic material feeding device, the material mixing machine, the aerobic fermentation device, the automatic screening machine and the automatic racking machine; the material loops through automatic feed device, material mixing machine, good oxygen fermenting installation, automatic screening machine and automatic racking machine through the pipeline, and material mixing machine entrance point installation material cutting device, material mixing machine exit end ferment in dropping to good oxygen fermenting installation through the pipeline, and the automatic feed device top is equipped with leaks hopper-shaped feeding storehouse, and good oxygen fermenting installation surface parcel heat preservation, the contained angle of good oxygen fermenting installation slope and horizontal plane is 8 ~ 20, material cutting device is roller type cutting machine. The heat preservation layer mainly plays a role in heat preservation. The aerobic fermentation device is in a roller shape, the included angle between the aerobic fermentation device and the horizontal plane is 8-20 degrees, the aerobic fermentation device is electrically controlled, the aerobic fermentation device rotates along the central shaft of the aerobic fermentation device, a protruding spiral shoveling plate is arranged in the aerobic fermentation device, and materials in the aerobic fermentation device are rolled up to be in contact with air through rotation of the spiral shoveling plate. The spiral shoveling plate shovels the mixed materials from the bottom of the aerobic fermentation device, then the materials rotate to the top of the aerobic fermentation device and fall down by gravity, the materials can fully contact with air, the fermentation efficiency is improved, and the fermentation period of the materials in the roller can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the roller-shaped aerobic fermentation device. The feeding bin comprises: the kitchen waste feeding bin, the auxiliary material feeding bin and the sludge feeding bin are used for placing compressed straws.
In the existing sewage treatment process, a large amount of microorganisms are enriched in sludge, the microorganisms can fully decompose organic matters in the sludge, kitchen waste and straws under aerobic conditions, and organic matters which are difficult to degrade can be decomposed and crushed to be organic matters and inorganic matters which can be utilized by plants.
An air supply system (also called as an oxygen supply system, mainly supplying oxygen) is arranged in the aerobic fermentation device, and air is supplied to the interior of the aerobic fermentation device through a fan and an air pipe in the air supply system. The outer surface of the aerobic fermentation device in the fermentation process is provided with a heat insulation layer structure, so that the heat loss can be reduced, the heat release is continuously carried out in the fermentation process, toxic and harmful bacteria and spore fungi in the sludge can be effectively killed, the product fertilizer effect is provided, and the reaction rate can be increased at higher temperature. The required materials are put into the feeding bins, and the number of the feeding bins is at least 3.
Automatic feed arrangement can adopt electric control's automatic feed arrangement, and automatic screening machine mainly sieves not equidimension granule, and automatic racking machine is used for bagging-off with the big or small granule that needs. The material mixer can adjust the speed. When the fermentation product is used for applications with low requirements on fertilizers such as soil improvement, humus replacement and the like, a screen with larger particle size can be used. When the fertilizer is used for landscaping and chemical fertilizer replacement, the sieve with smaller particle size is used, the product is thoroughly decomposed, and the fertilizer efficiency is higher. And (4) placing the undersize into a bag in an automatic racking machine for storage, and conveying the oversize into a feeding bin of an automatic feeding device through a conveying shoe or an external lifter to be used as a raw material auxiliary additive for secondary fermentation. A weight sensor is arranged in the automatic racking machine, and biomass fertilizers with different qualities can be racked according to different user demands. The aerobic fermentation device is provided with an odor and water vapor discharge port which can discharge the odor and the water vapor quantitatively. The aerobic fermentation device is fully insulated, the heat dissipation capacity of the system is small, the fermentation temperature is easy to keep, the sterilization effect is obvious, and the operation effect is less influenced by four seasons and regions.
Preferably, the top of the feeding bin is of an open structure, the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with a discharge opening, a push-pull type partition plate is transversely installed at the discharge opening, and materials are conveyed into the material mixer through the discharge opening and a pipeline. The push-pull type partition plate can be electrically controlled, and the partition plate is mainly used for enabling materials to fall from the upper end of the upper feeding bin and flow into a pipeline through the discharging opening, and enabling the materials to enter the material mixing machine through the pipeline.
Preferably, the feeding bin is made of high-strength carbon steel, and comprises: kitchen garbage feeding storehouse, auxiliary material feeding storehouse and mud feeding storehouse all are equipped with the baffle between auxiliary material feeding storehouse and kitchen garbage feeding storehouse, the mud feeding storehouse, and the baffle upper end exceeds kitchen garbage feeding storehouse, auxiliary material feeding storehouse and mud feeding storehouse upper end 5 ~ 10 cm. The kitchen waste is put into the product after the preliminary composting in the feeding bin, the product after the preliminary composting has stable property, and after the preliminary treatment, grease and moisture in the kitchen waste are effectively removed, and the residual organic matter content is rich, especially the protein content contains a large amount of nitrogen, so that the high-quality nutrient source can be provided for the biomass fertilizer. Compressed straws are put into the auxiliary material feeding bin, more corn straws, wheat straws and sorghum straws on the market are taken as fermentation auxiliary materials by the compressed straws, more than half of products of crop photosynthesis are stored in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other nutrient elements and contain a large amount of organic matters, so that the straw is a renewable biological resource with multiple purposes.
Preferably, the upper ends of the kitchen waste feeding bin, the auxiliary material feeding bin and the sludge feeding bin are respectively provided with an electric dividing knife for separating materials in the feeding bins. The electric dividing knife is electrically controlled, and an electric stirrer or other electric equipment tools for cutting or cutting and stirring can be installed at the upper ends of the kitchen waste feeding bin, the auxiliary material feeding bin and the sludge feeding bin. The electric dividing knife cuts the width and quantitatively controls the blanking weight, thereby realizing the control of the material mixing ratio.
Preferably, the automatic feeding device, the material mixing machine, the aerobic fermentation device, the automatic screening machine and the automatic racking machine are all fixedly arranged on the bracket. The lower end of the bracket can be also provided with universal wheels or not.
Preferably, the longitudinal depth of the feeding bin is more than or equal to 50 cm.
Preferably, the included angle between the aerobic fermentation device and the horizontal plane is 8-10 degrees.
Preferably, the automatic sieving machine is provided with one or more screens with the grain diameter of 4mm, 6mm, 8mm and 10 mm.
In this application, the mode that automatic feed device, material mixing machine, good oxygen fermenting installation, automatic screening machine and the automatic racking machine that adopt combined together puts into different materials through three feeding storehouse in kitchen garbage feeding storehouse, auxiliary material feeding storehouse and mud feeding storehouse to install material cutting device on the material mixing machine, mud is mostly cubic object with the straw, and the intensive mixing improves fermentation efficiency after the cutting. The kitchen waste and the sludge waste are respectively put into the kitchen waste feeding bin and the sludge feeding bin, through the set of production system, the purpose of better treating municipal sludge and kitchen waste is achieved, the resource utilization is maximized, the fertilizer can be produced, and the technical problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the fact that the municipal sludge and the kitchen waste cannot be better co-treated and recycled are solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, serve to provide a further understanding of the application and to enable other features, objects, and advantages of the application to be more apparent. The drawings and their description illustrate the embodiments of the invention and do not limit it. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for producing fertilizer by co-processing municipal sludge and kitchen waste according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an aerobic fermentation device of a system for producing fertilizer by co-processing municipal sludge and kitchen waste according to the application;
wherein the reference numerals in the figures denote: 1. an automatic feeding device; 10. a feeding bin; 101. a discharge opening; 102. a partition plate; 11. feeding the kitchen waste into a bin; 12. an auxiliary material feeding bin; 13. a sludge feeding bin; 14. a baffle plate; 15. an electric cutter; 2. a material cutting device; 3. a material mixer; 4. an aerobic fermentation device; 41. a heat-insulating layer; 42. a barrel; 43. a spiral shoveling plate; 5. an automatic screening machine; 6. automatic racking machine; 7. and (4) a bracket.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the application relates to a municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing prepares fertilizer production system, and this municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing prepares fertilizer production system includes: the automatic material mixing device comprises an automatic feeding device 1, a material mixing machine 3, an aerobic fermentation device 4, an automatic screening machine 5 and an automatic racking machine 6; from the top down the material passes through automatic feed device through the pipeline and loops through, the material mixes the machine, good oxygen fermenting installation, automatic screening machine and automatic racking machine, material mixing machine entrance point installation material cutting device 2, the material mixes the machine exit end and falls to the good oxygen fermenting installation through the pipeline and ferment in, the automatic feed device top is equipped with leaks hopper-shaped feeding storehouse, good oxygen fermenting installation surface is equipped with heat preservation 41, the heat preservation thickness is 1cm, good oxygen fermenting installation is 10 with the contained angle of horizontal plane, material cutting device adopts roller type cutting machine. The heat preservation layer mainly plays a role in heat preservation. The aerobic fermentation device is in a roller shape, the included angle between the aerobic fermentation device and the horizontal plane is 10 degrees, the aerobic fermentation device adopts electric control, the aerobic fermentation device rotates along the central shaft of the aerobic fermentation device, a protruding spiral shoveling plate 43 is arranged in the aerobic fermentation device, and materials in the aerobic fermentation device are rolled up to be contacted with air through the rotation of the spiral shoveling plate. The spiral shoveling plate shovels the mixed materials from the bottom of the aerobic fermentation device, then the materials rotate to the top of the aerobic fermentation device and fall down by gravity, the materials can fully contact with air, the fermentation efficiency is improved, and the fermentation period of the materials in the roller can be controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of the roller-shaped aerobic fermentation device. The feeding bin comprises: the kitchen waste feeding bin, the auxiliary material feeding bin and the sludge feeding bin are used for placing compressed straws. A spiral shoveling plate 43 is arranged in a cylinder 42 of the aerobic fermentation device, and the specific structure is shown in a cross section structure diagram 2.
In the existing sewage treatment process, a large amount of microorganisms are enriched in sludge, the microorganisms can fully decompose organic matters in the sludge, kitchen waste and straws under aerobic conditions, and organic matters which are difficult to degrade can be decomposed and crushed to be organic matters and inorganic matters which can be utilized by plants.
An air supply system (also called as an oxygen supply system, mainly supplying oxygen) is arranged in the aerobic fermentation device, and air is supplied to the interior of the aerobic fermentation device through a fan and an air pipe in the air supply system. The outer surface of the aerobic fermentation device in the fermentation process is provided with a heat insulation layer structure, so that the heat loss can be reduced, the heat release is continuously carried out in the fermentation process, toxic and harmful bacteria and spore fungi in the sludge can be effectively killed, the product fertilizer effect is provided, and the reaction rate can be increased at higher temperature. The required materials are put into the feeding bins, and the number of the feeding bins is 3.
Automatic feed arrangement adopts electric control's automatic feed arrangement, and automatic screening machine mainly sieves not equidimension granule, and automatic racking machine is used for bagging-off with the big or small granule that needs. The material mixer can adjust the speed. When the fermentation product is used for applications with low requirements on fertilizers such as soil improvement, humus replacement and the like, a screen with larger particle size can be used. When the fertilizer is used for landscaping and chemical fertilizer replacement, the sieve with smaller particle size is used, the product is thoroughly decomposed, and the fertilizer efficiency is higher. And (4) placing the undersize into a bag in an automatic racking machine for storage, and conveying the oversize into a feeding bin of an automatic feeding device through a conveying shoe or an external lifter to be used as a raw material auxiliary additive for secondary fermentation. A weight sensor is arranged in the automatic racking machine, and biomass fertilizers with different qualities can be racked according to different user demands. The aerobic fermentation device is provided with an odor and water vapor discharge port which can discharge the odor and the water vapor quantitatively. The aerobic fermentation device is fully insulated, the heat dissipation capacity of the system is small, the fermentation temperature is easy to keep, the sterilization effect is obvious, and the operation effect is less influenced by four seasons and regions.
As shown in figure 1, the top of the feeding bin is of an open structure, the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with a discharge opening 101, a push-pull type partition plate 102 is transversely arranged at the discharge opening, and materials are conveyed into the material mixer through the discharge opening and a pipeline. The push-pull type partition plate can be electrically controlled, and the partition plate is mainly used for enabling materials to fall from the upper end of the upper feeding bin and flow into a pipeline through the discharging opening, and enabling the materials to enter the material mixing machine through the pipeline.
As shown in fig. 1, the feeding bin is made of high-strength carbon steel, and comprises: kitchen garbage feeding storehouse 11, auxiliary material feeding storehouse 12 and mud feeding storehouse 13 all are equipped with baffle 14 between auxiliary material feeding storehouse and kitchen garbage feeding storehouse, the mud feeding storehouse, and baffle upper end is higher than kitchen garbage feeding storehouse, auxiliary material feeding storehouse and mud feeding storehouse upper end 6 cm. The kitchen waste is put into the product after the preliminary composting in the feeding bin, the product after the preliminary composting has stable property, and after the preliminary treatment, grease and moisture in the kitchen waste are effectively removed, and the residual organic matter content is rich, especially the protein content contains a large amount of nitrogen, so that the high-quality nutrient source can be provided for the biomass fertilizer. Compressed straws are put into the auxiliary material feeding bin, more corn straws, wheat straws and sorghum straws on the market are taken as fermentation auxiliary materials by the compressed straws, more than half of products of crop photosynthesis are stored in the straws, and the straws are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other nutrient elements and contain a large amount of organic matters, so that the straw is a renewable biological resource with multiple purposes.
As shown in fig. 1, the upper ends of the kitchen waste feeding bin, the auxiliary material feeding bin and the sludge feeding bin are respectively provided with an electric dividing knife 15 for separating materials in the feeding bins. The electric dividing knife is electrically controlled, and an electric stirrer or other electric equipment for cutting or cutting and stirring can be installed at the upper ends of the kitchen waste feeding bin, the auxiliary material feeding bin and the sludge feeding bin. The electric dividing knife cuts the width and quantitatively controls the blanking weight, thereby realizing the control of the material mixing ratio.
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic feeding device, the material mixing machine, the aerobic fermentation device, the automatic sieving machine and the automatic racking machine are all fixedly arranged on a bracket 7.
The longitudinal depth of the feeding bin is 60 cm. The automatic sieving machine is provided with one or more screens with the grain diameter of 4mm, 6mm, 8mm and 10 mm.
All electrical equipment (comprising an automatic feeding device, an electric dividing knife, a material cutting device, a material mixing machine, an aerobic fermentation device, an automatic screening machine and an automatic racking machine) in the whole production system is integrated to be controlled by an upper computer. An electric dividing knife in the automatic feeding device is pushed by a hydraulic column, and an upper computer can control the pushing length of the hydraulic column so as to control the cutting amount of materials; the rotating speed of the roller of the fermentation roller can be adjusted on an upper computer; the automatic screening system can control adjustment and switching on an upper computer by replacing a screen; the subpackaging quality of the automatic subpackaging system can be controlled and adjusted on an upper computer.
This whole production system puts into material kitchen garbage, municipal sludge and straw feeding storehouse, and the material gets into the material through automatic feed device and mixes the machine to mix at the material mixes quick-witted front end and passes through the cutting of material cutting device, and the material mixes and gets into good oxygen fermenting installation after finishing mixing and ferment, gets into automatic screening machine through the pipeline after good oxygen fermenting installation fermentation finishes and sieves, and the screening finishes the back and gets into automatic racking machine and carry out the partial shipment bagging-off.
This set of device can make three kinds of products of high-efficient nitrogenous fertilizer, high-efficient phosphorus fertilizer, high-efficient organic matter fertilizer when using different raw and other materials, can satisfy multiple user's demand, has fine application prospect, and accords with resource cyclic utilization, green sustainable development's environmental protection theory now.
The high-efficiency nitrogen fertilizer is prepared by using decomposed kitchen waste after simple composting and sludge obtained after plate-frame filter pressing in an urban domestic sewage plant as raw materials. The kitchen waste source can select a specific area, more nitrogen and high-quality protein are contained in the kitchen waste, grease and water can be effectively removed through a simple rotten process, meanwhile, the nitrogen loss is less, organic matter is not sufficiently decomposed, when the kitchen waste source and sludge are fermented together, the fermentation period is longer, the organic matter is sufficiently rotten, a large amount of nitrogen and partial trace elements capable of being absorbed and utilized by plants are released, nutrients are sufficient, the kitchen waste source can be used as a substitute of chemical nitrogen fertilizer, the organic matter fertilizer is used as the organic matter fertilizer, the pollution to land and underground water is less, and the preparation cost is lower.
The high-efficiency phosphate fertilizer is prepared by using sludge and straws as raw materials. In the existing sewage treatment process, most of the sewage treatment processes adopt an activated sludge method, phosphorus accumulating bacteria in an aerobic section can absorb phosphorus in sewage, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria are stored in bacteria in a polymer form to form high-phosphorus sludge, and the phosphorus content is less lost and most of the phosphorus is enriched in the sludge filter pressing process. In some large-scale chemical pharmaceutical enterprises, phosphate is a main preparation material of medicines, a large amount of phosphate sewage can be generated in the production process, the traditional activated sludge process cannot fully absorb the phosphate, a coagulating sedimentation process is mostly adopted to enhance the removal of phosphorus, and a large amount of phosphate complex compounds are contained in precipitates and can enter a sludge chamber together with sludge to be subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing dehydration so as to enrich the phosphate in the sludge. Compared with the traditional sewage plant sludge, the phosphorus content of the sludge is greatly increased, most of the sludge is phosphate components, and the sludge is easier to absorb by plants. Use this kind of mud as raw and other materials preparation high-efficient phosphorus fertilizer effect very good, the device fermentation time is longer, and the aerobic bacteria in the mud is mostly heterotrophic bacteria, has the material to consume in fermentation process, so add the straw as the auxiliary material, in for the energy supply of aerobic bacteria, can release internal organic matter and microelement after the straw fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, multiplicable product fertilizer efficiency. The high-efficiency phosphate fertilizer can be used as a substitute product of chemical phosphate fertilizer for a large amount of applications.
The efficient organic fertilizer is prepared by adopting common domestic sewage sludge and straws as raw materials. The specific gravity of the straws is properly improved in the fermentation process by utilizing the characteristic of rich organic matter content in the straws. In the process of the synergistic fermentation with municipal sludge, the straws are fully decomposed, organic matters and nutrient elements are released, and the fertilizer efficiency of the product can be effectively improved. When the fertilizer is used for soil improvement, crops with low fertilizer requirements can be popularized and used in large quantities.
In this application, the mode that automatic feed device, material mixing machine, good oxygen fermenting installation, automatic screening machine and the automatic racking machine that adopt combined together puts into different materials through three feeding storehouse in kitchen garbage feeding storehouse, auxiliary material feeding storehouse and mud feeding storehouse to install material cutting device on the material mixing machine, mud is mostly cubic object with the straw, and the intensive mixing improves fermentation efficiency after the cutting. The kitchen waste and the sludge waste are respectively put into the kitchen waste feeding bin and the sludge feeding bin, through the set of production system, the purpose of better treating municipal sludge and kitchen waste is achieved, the resource utilization is maximized, the fertilizer can be produced, and the technical problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by the fact that the municipal sludge and the kitchen waste cannot be better co-treated and recycled are solved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a municipal sludge and kitchen garbage coprocessing prepares fertilizer production system which characterized in that includes: the device comprises an automatic feeding device (1), a material mixer (3), an aerobic fermentation device (4), an automatic screening machine (5) and an automatic racking machine (6); the material loops through automatic feed device, material mixing machine, good oxygen fermenting installation, automatic screening machine and automatic racking machine through the pipeline, and material mixing machine (3) entrance point installation material cutting device (2), and the automatic feed device top is equipped with hopper-shaped feeding storehouse (10), and good oxygen fermenting installation surface parcel heat preservation (41), the slope of good oxygen fermenting installation and the contained angle of horizontal plane are 8 ~ 20, material cutting device is the roller type cutting machine.
2. The system for producing the fertilizer by the co-processing of the municipal sludge and the kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the top of the feeding bin (10) is open, the bottom of the feeding bin is provided with a discharge opening (101), and a push-pull type partition plate (102) is transversely arranged at the discharge opening.
3. The system for producing fertilizer by municipal sludge and kitchen waste co-processing according to claim 1, wherein the feeding bin is made of high-strength carbon steel, and comprises: kitchen garbage feeding storehouse (11), auxiliary material feeding storehouse (12) and mud feeding storehouse (13), all be equipped with baffle (14) between auxiliary material feeding storehouse (12) and kitchen garbage feeding storehouse (11), mud feeding storehouse (13), the baffle upper end all exceeds kitchen garbage feeding storehouse (11), auxiliary material feeding storehouse (12), mud feeding storehouse (13) upper end 5 ~ 10 cm.
4. The system for producing the fertilizer through the co-processing of the municipal sludge and the kitchen waste according to claim 3, wherein the upper ends of the kitchen waste feeding bin (11), the auxiliary material feeding bin (12) and the sludge feeding bin (13) are respectively provided with an electric dividing knife (15) for separating materials in the feeding bins.
5. The system for producing the fertilizer by the co-processing of the municipal sludge and the kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the automatic feeding device (1), the material mixing machine (3), the aerobic fermentation device (4), the automatic sieving machine (5) and the automatic racking machine (6) are all fixedly mounted on the support (7).
6. The system for producing the fertilizer by the co-processing of the municipal sludge and the kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the feeding bin (10) is 50cm or more.
7. The system for producing the fertilizer through the cooperative treatment of the municipal sludge and the kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between the aerobic fermentation device (4) and a horizontal plane is 8-10 °.
8. The system for producing the fertilizer through the co-processing of the municipal sludge and the kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the automatic screening machine (5) is provided with one or more screens with the particle size of 4mm, 6mm, 8mm or 10 mm.
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| CN113816809A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-12-21 | 帝益生态肥业股份公司 | Preparation method of compound fertilizer |
| CN115433031A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-06 | 北京市高速公路交通工程有限公司 | Small-sized treatment equipment for combined fermentation of excess sludge and organic garbage |
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