CN1238378C - 一种抗菌肽及其编码序列和用途 - Google Patents
一种抗菌肽及其编码序列和用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种抗菌肽、编码该抗菌肽的多核苷酸以及该抗菌肽的用途。该抗菌肽是含有序列表序列<400>2中1至25位的氨基酸序列。编码该抗菌肽的多核苷酸是含有编码序列表序列<400>2中1至25位、1至45位或-22至45位的氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列或它们的互补序列。该抗菌肽对多种细菌(包括多种水产细菌)有明显的杀灭作用,对溶藻弧菌、创伤弧菌、副溶血弧菌、多杀性巴斯德杆菌、温和气单胞菌、大肠杆菌、脑膜炎脓毒性黄杆菌的最低杀死浓度达小于10μmol/L,可用于制备抗菌剂,特别是用于水产养殖中预防和治疗细菌性疾病。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗菌肽,特别是斜带石斑鱼抗菌肽,编码该抗菌肽的核苷酸序列以及该抗菌肽的用途。
背景技术
抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptide)是具有抗菌性短肽的总称。1981年瑞典科学家Steinr等从惜古比天蚕(Hyatophora cecropia)蛹中分离得到一种杀菌肽,并将其命名为cecropin。到目前,已发现抗菌肽和类似抗菌肽的小分子短肽广泛存在于生物界,包括细菌、动植物和人类。这种内源性的抗菌肽经诱导而合成,在机体抵抗病原体的入侵方面起着重要作用。抗菌肽具有广谱杀菌作用,大多数对革兰氏阳性菌有较杀灭作用,有些则对革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌均起作用,对某些真菌、原生动物、尤其对耐药性细菌有杀灭作用。
随着人们生活水平的提高,对海产品的需求愈米愈大。石斑鱼是驰名世界的名贵海产鱼类之一,其肉质鲜美,营养丰富,深受各地消费者的喜爱。由于养殖密度不断增高,以及人类活动的影响、环境的污染,造成石斑鱼的育苗和养成过程受到病毒、细菌和寄生虫的袭击,造成养殖成活率低于50%,成为制约石斑鱼养殖业发展的主要因素。
对于细菌病,目前主要应用抗生素进行防治。后果造成了环境污染;使鱼的品质口味下降;同时病原体的抗药性增强,使化学药物和抗生素的用量越来越大,但病害问题并未解决;农药和抗生素的残留影响了水产品的质量,如日本和欧盟国家都曾因抗生素残留问题而拒绝进口中国的水产品。寻找新的生物防治的方法,调动和开发石斑鱼自身的免疫防御潜力,是保证食品安全和环境安全的必要手段,是开展健康养殖、实现养殖业可持续发展的重要战略。
鱼类生活于富含各种各样微生物的水环境中,长期的生存适应使其形成了有效的防御机制。鱼类天然免疫是抵抗感染的第一道防线,能有效阻止微生物的吸附、侵入与复制。由于是非特异的,不必依赖于对病原特异分子结构的识别,因而可对多种入侵病原发生反应;而且这种反应迅速,没有时间延迟,即便是经过诱导产生也只有很短的时间延缓,这样给病原体留下较少的生存时间。目前认为,非特异性天然免疫对于鱼类比对于恒温动物更为重要,在抵抗感染中发挥重要作用。
随着研究的深入,一些重要的鱼类抗菌肽基因正陆续被克隆。现已从美洲黄盖鲽、鲈鱼、真鲷中克隆到一些抗菌肽基因。另从一些鱼类中获得了具有抗菌肽活性的肽,如豹鳎、海士鳃鳗、海鞘、泥鳅、鲶等。研究表明,鱼类抗菌肽是鱼体非特异性免疫系统的重要组成部分,当鱼体受到损伤或病原微生物侵袭时,能迅速产生抗菌肽以预防和杀伤病原微生物的入侵。其合成速度快,在体内扩散迅速、灵活的特点是其它大分子蛋白(如抗体)和免疫细胞所不具备的。
目前研究证实许多抗菌肽对鱼类特异性的甚至其它动物的病原微生物都具有杀伤活性。最低杀死浓度多在微摩尔水平。Jia等发现蜂毒肽-天蚕素重组肽和C端酰胺化的美洲黄盖鲽抗菌肽可保护银大麻哈鱼抵御鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)的感染。随着对水产养殖品种抗菌肽的分离、结构与功能的研究,改造并合成既具有稳定高效抗菌活性又具特异抗菌谱且同时对宿主无害的抗菌肽基因,并通过基因工程在原核细胞、真核细胞或某些藻类中进行表达,以批量生产,将有希望成为对付水产养殖品种主要病原体特别是耐药菌的新型药物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新的抗菌肽,以及编码该抗菌肽的核苷酸序列和该抗菌肽的用途。
本发明通过构建斜带石斑鱼白细胞cDNA文库,并通过克隆挑选和测序,获得了一种斜带石斑鱼抗菌肽的cDNA。同时,通过人工合成方法和原核表达载体重组表达方法,分别获得了该抗菌肽cDNA所编码的多肽片段,并经试验证明该多肽片段具有较强的抗菌作用,是一种新的抗菌肽。
本发明的抗菌肽,其特征在于,它含有SEQ ID NO:2中1至25位的氨基酸序列。它可以是SEQ IDNO:2中1至25位、1至45位或-22至45位的氨基酸序列;优选SEQ ID NO:2中1至25位的氨基酸序列。
本发明还提供编码以上所述抗菌肽的多核苷酸。该多核苷酸含有编码SEQ ID NO:2中1至25位、1至45位或-22至45位的氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列或它们的互补序列。可以是SEQ ID NO:1的核苷酸序列或其中的152~226位多核苷酸,或它们的互补序列。SEQ ID NO:3是SEQ ID NO:1核苷酸序列的互补序列。
本发明还提供一种表达载体,它含有权利要求3,4或5所述的多核苷酸。该表达载体可以是在原核表达载体pTRX的多酶切位点插入上述的多核苷酸而构建成的表达质粒。
本发明还提供一种重组工程菌,它含上述的表达载体。它可以是将上述的表达载体转化大肠杆菌(例如大肠杆菌BL21)而得到。
本发明经实验证明,上述本发明的抗菌肽,对多种细菌(包括多种水产细菌)有较强的杀灭作用(参见实施例二,表1)。因此,该抗菌肽可用于制备抗菌剂(特别是作为水生生物细菌病的预防和治疗的抗菌剂)。
本发明的抗菌肽可通过以下方法之一制备:
1.根据所述抗菌肽的氨基酸序列(例如SEQ ID NO:2中1~25位氨基酸残基的序列),用固相合成法合成多肽,并将C端酰胺化。
2.将编码所述抗菌肽的核苷酸序列(例如SEQ ID NO:1中152~226位的多核苷酸)克隆入重组表达载体,并将重组后的DNA转化入宿主细胞,进行重组表达。纯化后获得该抗菌肽。
本发明的抗菌肽及其多核苷酸序列还具有下列用途:
1.在水产养殖业中的应用:该抗菌肽可通过浸泡、注射、添加于饲料等方法,用来预防和治疗鱼类或其它水生生物的细菌性疾病。
2.该抗菌肽与牛血清白蛋白偶联后免疫动物,可以制备与抗菌肽特异性结合的抗体。该抗体可以用于检测溶液中抗菌肽的存在,及通过免疫组化的方法检测抗菌肽在鱼体内不同组织的表达情况。
3.将SEQ ID NO:1或与其互补的多核苷酸(包括DNA或RNA),或其片段,进行标记后,可以通过Southern印迹、Northern印迹、基因芯片、微陈列等技术,检测动物基因组中抗菌肽基因片段的存在,或检测抗菌肽基因的转录情况。
4.根据SEQ ID NO:1或与其互补的多核苷酸设计引物,可通过反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测抗菌肽基因在动物体内各组织中、不同发育阶段的转录情况
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
实施例一:斜带石斑鱼抗菌肽cDNA的获取
本发明人用Clontech公司SMARTcDNA文库构建试剂盒,构建了斜带石斑鱼白细胞cDNA文库,通过随机挑取克隆测序,并将测得序列用BLAST程序与Genbank序列进行比较,获得了抗菌肽的cDNA。
1.斜带石斑鱼白细胞总RNA的提取
健康斜带石斑鱼(重约600g),腹腔注射polyI:C(购自Amersham Pharmacia)0.4ml,浓度为2mg/ml。72h后,从尾静脉抽血,加至四倍体积含肝素的生理盐水。将此悬液缓慢加在二倍悬液体积的Ficoll-Paque Plus淋巴细胞分离液(购自Amersham Pharmacia)的表面。平衡后于室温400×g离心30min。吸出中间层的自细胞,用生理盐水洗两次,每次于200×g离心15min并弃上清。细胞用1ml生理盐水重悬,用细胞计数板计数后,分装至1.5ml离心管中,400×g离心2min弃上清。用Tripure试剂(购自Roche Diagnostics公司)提取总RNA。
2.cDNA一链的合成:
总RNA(0.25μg/μl) 3μl
SMART III寡聚核苷酸 1μl
CDS III/3’PCR引物v 1μl
总体积 5μl
将以上成分混匀,在离心机上甩一下,于72℃孵育2min。接着置冰浴2min。再在离心机上甩一下,然后于管中依次加入:
5×1S1链缓冲液 2.0μl
DTT(20mmol/L) 1.0μl
dNTPmix(10mmol/L) 1.0μl
SUPERSCRIPTTMII反转录酶(200u/μl) 1.0μl
总体积 10.0μl
轻轻吹打混匀以上成分,在离心机上甩一下。加1滴矿物油,于42℃温育1h。取出管子置冰浴终止第一链cDNA合成。
3.cDNA的长距离PCR:
取一0.5ml Eppendorf管依次加入:
1S1链cDNA 2μl
去离子水 80μl
10×cDNA PCR缓冲液 10μl
50×dNTP mix 2μl
5’PCR引物 2μl
CDS III/3’PCR引物 2μl
50×Advantage cDNA聚合酶混合物 2μl
总体积 100μl
轻弹管壁混匀以上成分,在离心上甩一下。加2滴矿物油,将反应管置于已预热至95℃的PCR仪上,进行长距离PCR(LD-PCR)。
反应程序为:(1)95℃1min;(2)95℃15sec,68℃6min,30个循环。
反应完毕,取5μl PCR产物,于1.1%琼脂糖凝胶上,以0.1μg 1kb DNA Ladder为分子量标准进行电泳检测。
4.LD-PCR产物的蛋白酶K消化:
于一灭菌0.5ml管加入50μl LD-PCR产物和2μl蛋白酶K(20μg/μl),混匀,稍离心。将反应管置于45℃孵育20min,稍离心。加50μl去离子水至管中,再加入100μl酚∶氯仿∶异戊醇(25∶24∶1),来回缓慢颠倒1-2min。以14,000×g离心5min。移上层水相至一灭菌0.5ml管,加入10μl3mol/L NaAc溶液、1.3μl糖原溶液(20μg/μl)、260μl 95%乙醇(室温),立即于室温以14,000×g离心20min。小心移去上清,用100μl 80%乙醇洗涤沉淀。空气干燥沉淀8~10min。接着加入79μl去离子水重悬沉淀。
5.cDNA进行SfiI酶切:
取一灭菌0.5ml管依次加入:
cDNA 79μl
10×SfiI缓冲液 10μl
SfiI酶(20u/μl) 10μl
100×BSA 1μl
总体积 100μl
将管中以上成分充分混合,在离心上甩一下。置于50℃温育2h。接着加入2μl 1%二甲苯青,充分混合。
6.cDNA的分部分离:
取16支1.5ml管,按1-16顺序编号并依次放置在试管架上。将100μl SfiI酶切的cDNA与二甲苯青混合物小心地逐滴加入到CHROMA SPIN-400柱子中基质表面的中心,让样品被基质充分吸收。用100μl CHROMA柱缓冲液洗柱。待缓冲液流尽后,加入600μl CHROMA柱缓冲液至柱中,立即开始逐滴收集流出的液滴到1=-16=管(约35μl/管)。每管分别取3μl收集液于1.1%琼脂糖凝胶150V电泳10min,以0.1μg 1kb DNA为分子量标准。在紫外灯下观察cDNA带的亮度。将亮度最高的,即cDNA含量最高的3管收集液集中至一1.5ml管,加入1/10体积3mol/L NaAc(pH4.8)、1.3μl糖原(20mg/ml)、2.5倍体积95%乙醇(-20℃),缓慢地来回颠倒。将管置于-20℃放1h。室温下14,000×g离心20min,小心移走上清,空气干燥8~10min,用7μl去离子水重悬沉淀。
7.cDNA与载体的连接
由于难以确定多少量的cDNA与载体连接效果最好,故进行了一系列预连接和包装反应。按如下方法于3个0.5ml管内建立3组连接-包装反应:
1= 2= 3=
cDNA 0.5 1.0 1.5
载体(500ng/μl) 1.0 1.0 1.0
10×连接缓冲液 0.5 0.5 0.5
ATP(10mmol/L) 0.5 0.5 0.5
T4DNA连接酶(400u/μl) 0.5 0.5 0.5
去离子水 2.0 1.5 1.0
总体积(μl) 5.0 5.0 5.0
将以上各管混匀后在离心上甩一下,于PCR仪上16℃温育过夜。
8.连接产物的包装:按MaxPlax Lambda包装提取物说明书进行。
9.插入子的PCR扩增:
从文库平板随机挑取单个噬菌斑,加至500μlλ噬菌体稀释液,室温放置1-2h,以使噬菌体从琼脂中释放出来。取1μl噬菌体做模板,用Advantage cDNA PCR试剂盒(购自Clontech公司)进行PCR,鉴定插入子的大小。
所用引物:
λTriplEx 5’长距离插入子筛选引物(AP1):5’-CTC GGG AAG CGC GCC ATT GTG TTG GT-3’,
λTriplEx 3’长距离插入子筛选引物(AP2):5’-ATA CGA CTC ACT ATA GGG CGA ATT GGC C-3’
PCR反应混合液:10×PCR缓冲液5μl,AP1和AP2引物(每种10μmol/L)2μl,4×dNTP混合液(每种10mmol/L)1μl,cDNA聚合酶混合物1μl,水40.5μl。
PCR循环参数:94℃,10mim 30次循环:94℃,30s:68℃,3min。68℃,3min。PCR结束后取5μl进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳。大于500bp的PCR产物,用PCR产物胶回收试剂盒(购自上海生工生物工程有限公司)进行回收纯化。
10.序列测定:委托上海基康生物工程有限公司完成。
11.测序结果的分析:
用美国国立生物技术信息中心(NCBI)的BLAST N和BLAST X 工具,与GenBank的数据库进行同源性比较。发现一个序列与其它抗菌肽的cDNA有一定的同源性,经分析确认为是斜带石斑鱼的抗菌肽cDNA序列,该序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
实施例二:抗菌肽的固相化学合成及最低杀菌浓度的测定
1.抗菌肽的固相化学合成:
按SEQ ID NO:2的1至25位氨基酸残基的序列,委托深圳翰宇生物技术有限公司合成多肽,并将C末端酰胺化。合成后经纯化,达到85%的纯度。
2.最低杀菌浓度的测定
将不同细菌用营养肉汤液体培养基于37℃振荡培养过夜。将过夜菌用营养肉汤液体培养基稀释至约2×105克隆形成单位每毫升(CFU ml-1)。分别取25μl菌液与等体积不同浓度的用1mmol/L醋酸缓冲液(pH4.0)稀释的上述合成得到的抗菌肽溶液(400μg/ml至0.5μg/ml)在96孔细胞培养板孔中混匀,菌液与等体积醋酸缓冲液混匀做为对照,放于培养箱中37℃温育1h,然后取孔中的液体涂于营养肉汤固体培养基平板,放37℃温育过夜。数出平板上的菌落数目。与对照的平板相比,菌落数小于对照平板1%数目的平板的抗菌肽浓度做为对该菌的最低杀菌浓度(minimal bacteriacideconcentration,MBC)。结果如表1所示。
表1斜带石斑鱼抗菌肽对一些细菌的最低杀菌浓度
细菌 | MBC(μmol/L) |
副溶血弧菌溶藻弧菌多杀性巴斯德杆菌摩根尔摩根菌温和气单胞菌大肠杆菌DH5α创伤弧菌家畜葡萄球菌枯草杆菌荧光假单胞菌嗜水气单胞菌脑膜炎脓毒性黄杆菌 | <0.1310.2620.2620.2621.0472.0954.190>8.380>67.04367.04367.043<0.131 |
如表1所示,该抗菌肽对多种细菌,特别是鱼类最重要的病原菌弧菌类,有很好的杀灭作用,在制备抗菌剂以及鱼类细菌病的预防和治疗方面有着很大的应用前景。
实施例三:石斑鱼抗菌肽在原核表达载体的重组表达
根据SEQ ID NO:1中152~226位多核苷酸的两端序列和原核表达载体pTRX的多酶切位点,合成一对引物,序列如下:
上游引物,5‘CGG GGTACCGACGACGACGACAAA TTTATC TTC CAC ATC ATT 3’,其中单下划线部分为KpnI酶切位点,双下划线为肠激酶切割位点。
下游引物,5‘CGG GCGGCCGC TCA GGC AAA AGC TTT CTC 3’,其中单下划线部分为Notl酶切位点。
PCR扩增、基因克隆皆按常规方法进行。PCR产物约150bp。将目的基因(SEQ ID NO:1的核苷酸序列或其中的152~226位多核苷酸)克隆到原核表达载体pTRX上,构建成表达质粒pTRX-Epi,经酶切鉴定和测序分析表明克隆的基因为目的基因。
将表达质粒pTRX-Epi转化大肠杆菌BL21。含目的基因的工程菌在37℃生长到OD600=0.5时,立即加入终浓度为0.1mmol/L的异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导4小时。收集菌体,经分离纯化得到分子量为16kD的目标蛋白。经肠激酶切割并纯化后,进行N末端序列测定。结果表明:所得到的目标蛋白N末端氨基酸序列与SEQ ID NO:2的N末端相符。
序列表
<110>中山大学
<120>一种抗菌肽及其编码序列和用途
<160>3
<210>1
<211>517
<212>cDNA
<213>斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)
<220>
<221>CDS
<222>(86)...(289)
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ggcagcatct gtagatctca cactacttga ttggccctct tcagtcacag ctttttgaca 60
ttcacgctga gtcactggaa agagg atg agg tgc atc gcc ctc ttt ctt gtg 112
Met Arg Cys Ile Ala Leu Phe Leu Val
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ttg tcg ctg gtg gtc ctc atg gct gaa ccc ggg gag ggt ttt atc ttc 160
Leu Ser Leu Val Val Leu Met Ala Glu Pro Gly Glu Gly Phe Ile Phe
-10 -5 -1 1
cac atc att aaa gga ctc ttt cac gct ggc aag atg atc cat gga ctt 208
His Ile Ile Lys Gly Leu Phe His Ala Gly Lys Met Ile His Gly Leu
5 10 15
gtc acc agg aga cga cat ggc gtg gaa gag ctg caa gac ctg gac caa 256
Val Thr Arg Arg Arg His Gly Val Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Leu Asp Gln
20 25 30 35
cgt gcc ttt gaa cga gag aaa gct ttt gcc tga gtctacgatg gtccatgtga 309
Arg Ala Phe Glu Arg Glu Lys Ala Phe Ala ***
40 45
aagagccact ctttgcttaa atggggaaaa aaatatacat attgctgttg aatataatta 369
aaaaaactgg ctcacgtggg taaccattgc aaaatatttc acactgatct aattgatttt 429
tttggaagaa aacaaaaagt cagtgatttg aaataaatct ggaatctgtg ttacgcaaaa 489
gcaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaa 517
<210>2
<211>67
<212>PRT
<213>斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)
<400>2
Met Arg Cys Ile Ala Leu Phe Leu Val Leu Ser Leu Val Val Leu Met
-20 -15 -10
Ala Glu Pro Gly Glu Gly Phe Ile Phe His Ile Ile Lys Gly Leu Phe
-5 -1 1 5 10
His Ala Gly Lys Met Ile His Gly Leu Val Thr Arg Arg Arg His Gly
15 20 25
Val Glu Glu Leu Gln Asp Leu Asp Gln Arg Ala Phe Glu Arg Glu Lys
30 35 40
Ala Phe Ala
45
<210>3
<211>517
<212>cDNA
<213>斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)
<400>3
tttttttttt tttttttttt ttttttgctt ttgcgtaaca cagattccag atttatttca 60
aatcactgac tttttgtttt cttccaaaaa aatcaattag atcagtgtga aatattttgc 120
aatggttacc cacgtgagcc agttttttta attatattca acagcaatat gtatattttt 180
ttccccattt aagcaaagag tggctctttc acatggacca tcgtagactc aggcaaaagc 240
tttctctcgt tcaaaggcac gttggtccag gtcttgcagc tcttccacgc catgtcgtct 300
cctggtgaca agtccatgga tcatcttgcc agcgtgaaag agtcctttaa tgatgtggaa 360
gataaaaccc tccccgggtt cagccatgag gaccaccagc gacaacacaa gaaagagggc 420
gatgcacctc atcctctttc cagtgactca gcgtgaatgt caaaaagctg tgactgaaga 480
gggccaatca agtagtgtga gatctacaga tgctgcc 517
Claims (8)
1.一种抗菌肽,其特征在于,它是SEQ ID NO:2中1至25位的氨基酸序列。
2.一种编码权利要求1所述抗菌肽的多核苷酸。
3.按照权利要求2所述的多核苷酸,其特征在于,它是编码SEQ ID NO:2中1至25位的氨基酸序列的核苷酸序列或它的互补序列。
4.按照权利要求3所述的多核苷酸,其特征在于,它是SEQ ID NO:1中152至226位的核苷酸序列或其互补序列。
5.一种表达载体,其特征在于,它含有权利要求2,3或4所述的多核苷酸。
6.一种重组工程菌,其特征在于,它含有权利要求5所述的表达载体。
7.按照权利要求6所述的重组工程菌,其特征在于,它是将权利要求5所述的表达载体转化大肠杆菌而得到的。
8.权利要求1所述抗菌肽在制备抗菌剂中的应用。
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101376675B (zh) * | 2007-08-31 | 2011-09-21 | 洋昇生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种抗微生物肽 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100352841C (zh) * | 2005-11-03 | 2007-12-05 | 中山大学 | 一种抗菌肽及其编码序列和用途 |
CN102219845B (zh) * | 2011-04-21 | 2013-04-10 | 中国海洋大学 | 半滑舌鳎hepcidin抗菌肽 |
CN107252475B (zh) * | 2017-05-26 | 2019-12-03 | 苏州大学 | 天然宿主防御肽Alligatorin4的应用 |
CN107261113B (zh) * | 2017-05-26 | 2020-12-29 | 苏州大学 | 天然宿主防御肽Alligatorin5的应用 |
CN115282323A (zh) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-11-04 | 上海市第六人民医院 | 一种载抗菌肽的水凝胶及其制备方法与应用 |
CN118324865B (zh) * | 2024-06-13 | 2024-08-20 | 青岛华大基因研究院 | 一种海洋来源的抗菌肽fd103及其应用 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101376675B (zh) * | 2007-08-31 | 2011-09-21 | 洋昇生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种抗微生物肽 |
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