CN1235657A - 具有旁通阀用集成螺线管控制阀的燃油喷射泵 - Google Patents

具有旁通阀用集成螺线管控制阀的燃油喷射泵 Download PDF

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CN1235657A
CN1235657A CN97196656A CN97196656A CN1235657A CN 1235657 A CN1235657 A CN 1235657A CN 97196656 A CN97196656 A CN 97196656A CN 97196656 A CN97196656 A CN 97196656A CN 1235657 A CN1235657 A CN 1235657A
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valve
pump
inlet valve
oil
control valve
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CN1082620C (zh
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O·E·斯特曼
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Sturman Industries Inc
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • F16K31/0679Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor with more than one energising coil
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/366Valves being actuated electrically
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46Valves
    • F02M59/466Electrically operated valves, e.g. using electromagnetic or piezoelectric operating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/24Bypassing
    • F04B49/243Bypassing by keeping open the inlet valve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/061Sliding valves
    • F16K31/0613Sliding valves with cylindrical slides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/15By-passing over the pump
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7758Pilot or servo controlled
    • Y10T137/7761Electrically actuated valve
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]
    • Y10T137/7876With external means for opposing bias

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一个具有一个数字式控制的内旁通阀(46)的泵。该泵包括一个壳体,壳体内有一个活塞,活塞将液体从进口(14)泵向壳体的出口(16)。泵还具有一个进口阀(34),其当泵吸入液体时移动至打开位置,当通过出口泵出液体时移动至关闭位置。进口阀可通过单独的液压系统保持在打开位置,使得活塞通过进口泵回液体并为出口提供一个旁路。该单独的液压系统包括一个三通螺线管控制阀(46),其将液体导向进口阀以打开该阀。控制阀可包括一对将内滑阀锁住以控制流向进口阀的液流的螺线管(56,58)。滑阀可通过电子控制器提供的脉冲锁在合适的位置。控制器可通过打开进口阀并为出口提供旁路来控制泵的输出压力。

Description

具有旁通阀用集成螺线管控制阀的燃油喷射泵
1.发明领域
本发明涉及一种包含一个数字式控制的内旁通阀的泵。
2.相关技术描述
压燃式内燃机包括向发动机燃烧室喷射柴油的燃油喷射器。为了保证足够的喷射压力,必须以希望的干线压力向喷射器提供燃油。干线压力是由发动机驱动的泵产生的。为了补偿发动机温度、每分钟转数和其它因素的变化,燃油系统通常包括一个减压安全阀,其在干线压力超过预定值时打开。减压安全阀通常包括一个将阀向关闭位置偏压的弹簧。即使在系统的旁通循环中泵也作功以克服弹簧力。该附加功增加了摩擦马力并降低了发动机的燃油效率。因此希望提供一种能不需要泵的功就能为燃油系统提供旁路的燃油泵。
希望在不同操作条件下改变燃油系统的干线压力。发动机泵是典型的由发动机曲轴机械式驱动的固定排量装置。因此泵的输出量由发动机的速度确定。希望提供一种能够独立于发动机速度来改变输出压力的泵。
发明综述
本发明是一种具有一个数字式控制的内部旁通阀的泵。该泵包括一个壳体,壳体具有一个与一进口和一出口连接的泵腔。一个活塞位于泵腔中,其将液体从进口泵向出口。该泵还具有一个进口阀,其在泵吸入液体时移动至打开位置,在活塞通过出口泵出液体时移动至关闭位置。该进口阀可通过一个单独的液压系统保持在打开位置,使得活塞通过该进口泵回液体并为出口提供了旁路。该单独的液压系统包括一个三通螺线管控制阀,其把液体导向进口阀以打开该阀。控制阀可包括一对螺线管,该螺线管通过锁住一个内部滑阀以控制液体向进口阀的流动。滑阀可通过电子控制器提供的数字脉冲被锁在合适的位置上。控制器可通过打开进口阀和为出口提供旁路来控制泵的输出压力。
图纸简要描述
本发明的目的和优点在观看过下面的详细描述和附图后对那些该技术领域的普通技术人员将变得更加明显,其中:
图1所示为本发明的泵的横截面视图。
图2所示为泵的螺线管控制阀的横截面视图。
图3所示为泵的一个替代实施例的横截面视图。
图4所示为内燃机燃油系统中泵的示意图。
发明的详细描述
参考图纸,特别是附图标记,图1所示为本发明的泵10。该泵10包括一个壳体12,该壳体具有一个进口14和一对出口16。出口16通常与外部装置如发动机的燃油喷射器(未示出)连接。进口14通常与液源如汽车的燃油箱(未示出)连接。
壳体12还具有一对位于相应泵腔20中的活塞18。活塞18以往复运动方式移动将液体从进口14泵向出口16。活塞18由摇板22驱动,摇板由轴24转动,轴24通过轴承组件26连接在壳体12上。轴24通常通过由一个外部装置如发动机的曲轴转动。轴24的旋转使摇板22转动并使活塞18做往复运动。活塞18通常以180°相互异相移动,使得一个活塞通过出口16泵出液体,同时另一个活塞18通过进口14吸入液体。活塞18最好通过与球窝30配合的球28与摇板22连接。每个泵腔20包括一个回位弹簧,其向下方偏压活塞18。
通过进口14的液流是由一对进口阀34控制的。进口阀34被弹簧36偏压向关闭的位置。通过出口16的液流是由一对单向球阀38控制的。活塞18向下的移动产生了压差,压差使进口阀34开启并允许液体从进口14流向泵腔20。当摇板22向上驱动活塞18时,液体被加压并在进口阀34处于关闭位置时被通过单向阀38压出出口16。
进口阀34最好具有一根杆40。该杆40分别连接在由弹簧36偏压的球42上。杆40位于与控制阀46连接的通道44内。控制阀46可被启动以对通道44内的液体加压。加压的液体推动杆40并把进口阀34移动至打开的位置。进口阀34可被保持在打开的位置,使得活塞通过进口14泵回液体并为出口16提供一个旁路。在旁路情况下,泵10可继续运行,只消耗最小的功。
图2所示为控制阀46的一个优选实施例。控制阀46最好是一个数字式锁住的三通螺线管驱动的滑阀。阀46包括一个壳体48,壳体具有一个回流口50,一对供流口52和一对液缸口54。液缸口54与泵壳体12的通道44相连。回流口50最好与泵的进口14相连。供流口52最好与泵的出口16相连。口52和54最好围绕供流50对称布置以动态平衡控制阀46。
阀46包括一个第一螺线管56和一个第二螺线管58,螺线管在第一位置和第二位置间移动滑阀60。当第一螺线管56通电时,滑阀60被移动到第一位置以在液缸口54和回流口50间提供液体连通。当第二螺线管58通电时,滑阀60被移动到第二位置以将液缸口54和供流口52连通。滑阀60可具有一个内通道62以静态平衡控制阀46。
控制阀46连接在一个控制器64上,控制器64向螺线管56和58提供数字脉冲。壳体48和滑阀60最好用磁钢制造,如440C或52100等可在即使停止向螺线管供电时仍能保持滑阀60的位置。滑阀60可通过向螺线管提供一个短数字脉冲来移动,其中材料的起磁保持滑阀60的位置。
控制器64可通过锁住阀46来控制泵10的输出压力。例如,控制器64可通过将滑阀60锁在第二位置来减少泵的输出压力,使进口阀34即使在泵的泵冲程中也被移动到并保持在打开位置。随后泵的输出压力可通过将滑阀60锁在第一位置并松开进口阀34而增加。
图3所示为替代实施例泵100。泵100包括一个壳体102,其具有一个进口104和一个出口106。进口104通过一对进口阀110与一对泵腔108相连,进口阀110被一对弹簧112偏压向关闭位置。通过出口106的液流由一对单向球阀114控制。壳体102可包括一个内通道116,其将泵腔108之一与出口106连通。通过控制阀118引导液体,将进口阀110移动到并保持在打开的位置。控制阀118最好是图2所示的数字式锁住的三通螺线管阀。
泵100可具有一个活塞120,输出轴124驱动的偏心凸轮122使该活塞做往复运动。活塞120可通过轴承组件126与偏心凸轮122连接。偏心凸轮122的转动移动活塞120以将液体从进口104泵向出口106。可锁住控制阀118以打开进口阀110并改变泵110的输出压力。
如图4所示,泵10或100可被结合在内燃机的燃油系统150中。发动机可包括多个燃油喷射器152,其将燃油喷射到燃烧室154中。燃油喷射器152通过油路156与泵10的出口相连。燃油系统150通常包括一个油箱158,该油箱通过油路160与泵10的进口相连。燃油系统150还可包括与泵10的控制器64相连的压力传感器162。控制器64可通过打开内部进口阀并将泵置于旁路模式而改变或保持燃油系统150的干线压力。这样当干线压力超过希望值时控制器64可打开进口阀并为泵提供旁路。
此外,通过将控制阀46的供流口与泵的出口相连,本发明的液压旁路利用系统中存在的压力将进口阀保持在打开位置。泵10可继续运转而不消耗功以克服减压安全阀。从而本发明的阀提供了一种比先前技术发动机中的系统更省油的燃油系统。
尽管描述并在附图中表示了某些实施例,但应理解为,这些实施例仅仅是描述性的而不是对广义发明的限制,并且本发明不应被限制在描述和表示的特定结构和装置,因为对本技术领域的普通技术人员来讲可能发生各种其它变型。

Claims (18)

1.一种泵液体的泵,包括:
一个具有一进口、一出口和一泵腔的壳体;
位于所述泵腔内并把液体从所述进口泵向所述出口的活塞;
控制液流从所述进口流向所述泵腔的进口阀,其特征在于,在打开位置时,所述进口阀在所述泵腔和所述进口间提供液体流通;以及,
控制并提供流向所述进口阀的液体以将所述进口阀移动到并保持在打开位置的螺线管控制阀。
2.根据权利要求1所述的泵,其特征在于,所述螺线控制阀包括在第一位置和第二位置间移动滑阀的第一螺线管和第二螺线管,其特征在于,当所述滑阀处于第二位置时,所述螺线管控制阀允许液体流向所述进口阀并将所述进口阀移至打开位置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的泵,其特征在于,所述滑阀被数字式锁在第一和第二位置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的泵,其特征在于,进一步包括一个将所述进口阀偏压向关闭位置的弹簧。
5.根据权利要求2所述的泵,其特征在于,所述螺线管控制阅具有一个当所述滑阀处于第一位置时与液缸口相连的回流口和一个当所述滑阀处于第二位置时与所述液缸口相连的供流口,所述液缸口与所述进口阀液流连通。
6.根据权利要求5所述的泵,其特征在于,所述螺线管控制阀的所述回流口与所述壳体的所述进口相连,所述螺线管控制阀的所述供流口与所述壳体的所述出口相连。
7.根据权利要求1所述的泵,其特征在于,进一步包括一个使所述活塞做往复运动并将液体泵出所述泵腔的摇板。
8.根据权利要求1所述的泵,其特征在于,进一步包括一个使所述活塞做往复运动并将液体泵出所述泵腔的椭圆形凸轮。
9.根据权利要求1所述的泵,其特征在于,进一步包括一个激励所述螺线管控制阀的控制器。
10.具有一个内燃烧室的内燃机用燃油系统,包括:
一个装燃油的油箱;
一个泵,包括:
一个壳体,其包括一个与所述油箱相连的进口,一个与内燃烧室相连的出口和一个泵腔;
位于所述泵腔内并把燃油从所述进口泵向所述出口的活塞;
控制燃油从所述进口流向所述泵腔的进口阀,其特征在于,在打开位置时,所述进口阀在所述泵腔和所述进口间提供液体流通;
控制并提供流向所述进口阀的燃油以将所述进口阀移动到并保持在打开位置的螺线管控制阀。
11.根据权利要求10所述的燃油系统,其特征在于,所述螺线管控制阀包括在第一位置和第二位置间移动滑阀的第一螺线管和第二螺线管,其特征在于,当所述滑阀处于第二位置时,所述螺线管控制阀允许燃油流向所述进口阀并将所述进口阀移至打开位置。
12.根据权利要求11所述的燃油系统,其特征在于,所述滑阀被数字式锁在第一和第二位置。
13.根据权利要求10所述的燃油系统,其特征在于,进一步包括一个将所述进口阀偏压向关闭位置的弹簧。
14.根据权利要求11所述的燃油系统,其特征在于,所述螺线管控制阀具有一个当所述滑阀处于第一位置时与液缸口相连的回流口和一个当所述滑阀处于第二位置时与所述液缸口相连的供流口,所述液缸口与所述进口阀液流连通。
15.根据权利要求14所述的燃油系统,其特征在于,所述螺线管控制阀的所述回流口与所述壳体的所述进口相连,所述螺线管控制阀的所述供流口与所述壳体的所述出口相连。
16.根据权利要求10所述的燃油系统,其特征在于,进一步包括一个使所述活塞做往复运动并将液体泵出所述泵腔的摇板。
17.根据权利要求10所述的燃油系统,其特征在于,进一步包括一个使所述活塞做往复运动并将液体泵出所述泵腔的椭圆形凸轮。
18.根据权利要求10所述的燃油系统,其特征在于,进一步包括一个激励所述螺线管控制阀的控制器。
CN97196656A 1996-07-23 1997-07-23 具有旁通阀用集成螺线管控制阀的燃油喷射泵 Expired - Fee Related CN1082620C (zh)

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US08/685,146 US5700136A (en) 1996-07-23 1996-07-23 Digital pump with bypass inlet valve
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WO1998003788A1 (en) 1998-01-29
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AU3962297A (en) 1998-02-10
DE69719991D1 (de) 2003-04-24
EP0914553A1 (en) 1999-05-12
EP0914553B1 (en) 2003-03-19
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US5700136A (en) 1997-12-23
JP2000515600A (ja) 2000-11-21
HK1021013A1 (en) 2000-05-26

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