CN1235382A - 方形蓄电池的盖组件 - Google Patents

方形蓄电池的盖组件 Download PDF

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CN1235382A
CN1235382A CN98126511A CN98126511A CN1235382A CN 1235382 A CN1235382 A CN 1235382A CN 98126511 A CN98126511 A CN 98126511A CN 98126511 A CN98126511 A CN 98126511A CN 1235382 A CN1235382 A CN 1235382A
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金昌燮
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Abstract

本发明公开一种方形蓄电池的盖组件,在出现过电流时能切断导电电路、防止爆炸、确保安全,其包括:焊接在外壳的上侧端的阴极板,该外壳内装入了由阳极和隔板及阳极一起卷绕成的卷芯,且阴极板与外壳连接成导电状态;通过绝缘体安装在阴极板上部的阳极板;与阳极板的上面接触的限流器;以及穿过阴极板和阳极板及限流器的中心,同时通过垫圈的隔离而与阴极板和阳极板之间保持绝缘,利用抽头与阳极来连接成导电状态的铆钉。

Description

方形蓄电池的盖组件
本发明涉及一种在因电池异常而出现过电流时能切断导电电路、防止爆炸、确保安全的方形蓄电池的盖组件。
蓄电池二次电池能再充电及小型化或大容量化,这种蓄电池过去主要有镍氢(Ni-MH)电池和锂离子(Li-ion)电池。
其中,锂离子电池,其阳极活性物质采用锂——迁移金属氧化物;阴极活性物质采用碳或碳复合体,在上述阳极和阴极之间有锂离子进行移动,产生电动势,进行充放电。
图3表示过去众所周知的锂离子电池的整体结构。
锂离子电池的结构是:把由阳极和隔板以及阴极一起卷绕成的电极卷芯2装入到与阴极相连接的外壳(カン)4的内部,在该外壳4的上部安装盖组件6并进行熔焊使其密封。在电极卷芯2的上面和下面分别设置绝缘板8,以防止盖组件6和外壳4相接触。
盖组件6在结构上包括焊接在外壳4的上部的阴极板10以及位于其中心的阳极板12,在阴极板10和阳极板12之间设置绝缘板14,铆钉16穿过阴极板10和阳极板12的中心,以导电状态连接到与电极卷芯2的阳极相连结的抽头18上。并且铆钉16另外通过垫圈20而与阴极板10进行绝缘。
这样构成的锂离子电池通过设置在阴极板10上的电解液注入口22而注入非水溶性电解液之后,通过焊接插塞进行密封。
这种现有技术的锂离子电池,如果被导电性物体在外部形成电气短路,则出现过电流,因此产生热失控(thermal runway)状态,有爆炸的危险。
为了消除这种危险性,如图4所示,过去的锂离子电池通过在外壳(カン)26的底面上设置限流器28来防止爆炸,以便确保安全性。限流器28在电池发热时由于该热量的作用使通电性大大降低,防止电池爆炸。
上述限流器,对于盖组件在外壳筒型上部进行被卷边(crimping)的圆筒型蓄电池来说,很容易用压接方式安装在电池内部。但是,对于盖组件和外壳用激光焊接的方形蓄电池来说,如图4所示必须安装在电池外部。
因此,出现的问题是:在方形蓄电池中必须在电池单元外部增加其他零件,所以,在电池的总高度中有效高度相应减小,该减小量正好相当于限流器的高度。
因此,过去的方形蓄电池为确保对过电流的安全性而带来了必须减小电池容量的缺点。并且,也还存在这样的问题:因为限流器露出在电池的外部,所以在结构上不稳定。
为了解决这种现有技术的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种方形蓄电池的盖组件,其利用电池内部的不用空间来安装限流器,以此来确保对过电流的安全性,同时实现扩大有效体积,及大容量化。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采取以下技术方案:
一种方形蓄电池的盖组件,其包括:
阴极板,它焊接在外壳的上侧端部,该外壳内是将阳极和隔板以及阴极一起卷取收容的,并且阴极板与上述外壳连接成导电状态;
阳极板,它通过绝缘体设在上述阴极板的上面;
限流器,它与上述阳极板的上面接触;以及
铆钉,它穿过上述阴极板和阳极板以及限流器的中心,同时通过衬垫而将上述阴极板和上述阳极板之间绝缘,利用抽头与上述阳极连接成导电状态。
所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:
上述阴极板被设成向外壳内部凹陷。
所述的方形蓄电池盖组件,其特征是:上述阴极板在外壳内部仅凹陷与限流器的厚度相同的尺寸量。
所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:上述阳极板的上面还安装阳极端子。
所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:上述阳极端子与限流器保持一定间隙,以被绝缘,并且遮盖住该限流器,使其与外部隔离。
所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:上述铆钉利用衬垫与限流器绝缘。
一种方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:阴极板被焊接在外壳的上端部,与装入该外壳内部的阴极导电,另外,与上述阴极板绝缘的阳极板依次经过限流器、铆钉及抽头与阳极导电,当过电流加到电池上时,由上述限流器来切断通电状态。
本发明采取以下技术方案:本发明提供一种使限流器与其一体化装配的方形蓄电池的盖组件。更详细地说,上述盖组件在结构上具有向外壳的内部凹陷而形成的阴极板,以及通过绝缘体而安装在该阴极板上部的阳极板,在穿过上述阴极板和阳极板的中心的铆钉和上述阳极板之间设置限流器,在上述阳极板的上面设置包围在限流器周围的阳极端子。
所以,本发明的盖组件,其阴极板与连接在电池阴极上的外壳连接成导电状态;阳极板经过已连接在位于外壳内部的电池阳极上的铆钉和限流器而与阳极端子进行导电连接。
上述本发明的限流器动作是,如果由于电池外部的电气短路而出现过电流、发热,那么就使铆钉和阳极板之间的电流急剧降低,确保电池的安全性。
采用这种本发明的限流器的盖组件,因为利用了使阴极板向外壳内部凹陷的这一部分的外壳内部的不用空间,所以,在电池总高度相同的情况下,不会减小实际设置阳极和阴极所用的有效空间,能获得大容量电池。本发明的效果:
如上所述,采用本发明的方形蓄电池盖组件,为了解决现有技术所存在的问题,把上述限流器和盖组件制成一个整体放置在电池内部的不用空间内。
所以,若采用本发明,则既不增加电池的总高度和减小为放置阳极和阴极所需的有效体积,也还能确保电池的安全性,并且也还能实现电池的大容量化。再者,本发明因为限流器不露出在外部,所以,也还能获得在结构上更加稳定的效果。
以下参照附图,详细说明本发明的实施例:
图1是表示涉及本发明的方形蓄电池整体结构的断面图。
图2是表示采用本发明的方形蓄电池的盖组件的分解斜视图。
图3是表示原有方形蓄电池的断面图。
图4是表示原有方形蓄电池的另一例的正面图。
以下根据附图详细说明本发明的最佳实施例。在本发明的说明中,对于和现有技术中引用的附图相同的结构部分,为便于说明起见,采用相同的符号。
如图1和图2所示,本发明的方形蓄电池,其结构是:把由阳极和隔板以及阴极一起卷绕成的电极卷芯2放入到作为与上述阴极相连接的保护盒即外壳4内,在该外壳4的上部设置盖组件60进行密封。
电极卷芯2为了防止外壳4和盖组件的导电接触,其上面和下面分别配备绝缘板8,然后装入外壳4的内部。这里,本发明的盖组件60的构成部分包括:用激光脉冲焊接在外壳4的上部的阴极板62,通过绝缘体64而设置在该阴极板62的中央的阳极板66、以及穿过上述阴极板62和阳极66的中心而固定的铆钉68,尤其为了防止电池的外部电气短路所造成的过电流流过,在铆钉68和阳极板66之间设置限流器(PTC)70。
限流器70通过上述铆钉68来与阴极板62和阳极板66一起组合成一个整体,与该铆钉68之间通过垫圈72进行绝缘。也就是说,垫圈72使经过抽头74而连接在电极卷芯2的阳极上的铆钉68和阴极板62以及阳极板66之间进行绝缘。
在阳极板66的上面焊接阳极端子76,并形成对其上部的包围,其目的在于:与限流器70之间保持一定间隙,与该限流器70进行绝缘,同时使上述限流器70与外部隔离。
本发明的盖组件60把阴极板62焊接在外壳4的上端部,置于该外壳4的内部,同时与阴极连接成导电状态。并且,被置于外壳4的内部的阳极,通过已与抽头74相连接的铆钉68、以及与该铆钉68相连接的限流器70,与阳极板66连接成导电状态。
通过这样的连接路径,上述限流器70,在由于电池外部的电气短路而产生过电流造成发热时,使铆钉68和阳极板66之间的电流通电性大大降低,切断电流的流动。
另一方面,本发明的盖组件的阴极板62被焊接在外壳4的上侧端部,其上面的中心部分向外壳4的内部凹陷形成台阶。在此,阴极板62的凹陷结构是为了防止由于设置限流器70而使电池总高度增加,凹陷的深度仅相当于限流器70的厚度。通常,限流器70的厚度设定为0.8-1.0mm,并且,也可以不使上述阴极板62凹隔而形成偏平板状结构。这时的外壳4的高度必须按照限流器70的高度相应地降低。
由于这一原因,本发明的限流器70与盖组件60形成一个整体装入电池内部,也就是说,将其装在上述电极卷芯2和盖组件之间的不用空间内,以免减小外壳(カン)内为放置由阳极和隔板以及阴极一起卷绕成的电极卷芯2所需的有效空间。
所以,本发明一方面利用限流器70来确保对过电流的稳定性,另一方面能充分保证实际放置阳极和阴极所需的有效空间,能制成大容量电池。

Claims (7)

1.一种方形蓄电池的盖组件,其包括:
阴极板,它焊接在外壳的上侧端部,该外壳内是将阳极和隔板以及阴极一起卷取收容的,并且所述阴极板与上述外壳连接成导电状态;
阳极板,它通过绝缘体设在上述阴极板的上面;
限流器,它与上述阳极板的上面接触;以及
铆钉,它穿过上述阴极板和阳极板以及限流器的中心,同时通过衬垫而将上述阴极板和上述阳极板之间绝缘,利用抽头与上述阳极连接成导电状态。
2.如权利要求书1所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:
上述阴极板被设成向外壳内部凹陷。
3.如权利要求2所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:上述阴极板在外壳内部仅凹陷与限流器的厚度相同的尺寸量。
4.如权利要求1所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:上述阳极板的上面还安装阳极端子。
5.如权利要求4所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:上述阳极端子与限流器保持一定间隙,以被绝缘,并且遮盖住该限流器,使其与外部隔离。
6.如权利要求1所述的方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:上述铆钉利用衬垫与限流器绝缘。
7.一种方形蓄电池的盖组件,其特征是:阴极板被焊接在外壳的上端部,与装入该外壳内部的阴极导电,另外,与上述阴极板绝缘的阳极板依次经过限流器、铆钉及抽头与阳极导电,当过电流加到电池上时,由上述限流器来切断通电状态。
CNB981265111A 1998-05-08 1998-12-29 方形蓄电池的盖组件 Expired - Fee Related CN1168159C (zh)

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CN100340011C (zh) * 2004-11-05 2007-09-26 能元科技股份有限公司 方形电池的端盖板结构
CN101341609B (zh) * 2005-12-22 2010-07-21 株式会社Lg化学 使用压配式铆钉的非焊型电池组
CN104009257A (zh) * 2013-02-27 2014-08-27 三星Sdi株式会社 可再充电电池

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KR100528897B1 (ko) * 1999-01-22 2005-11-16 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 이차전지의 캡 어셈블리
JP4111621B2 (ja) * 1999-03-17 2008-07-02 三洋電機株式会社 密閉式電池、密閉式電池用封止栓及び注液孔封止方法
US6218040B1 (en) * 1999-06-11 2001-04-17 Alcatel Automatic circuit breaker for a battery
JP2002151022A (ja) * 2000-11-14 2002-05-24 Wako Denshi Kk 二次電池の蓋
KR100560494B1 (ko) 2003-11-29 2006-03-13 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 캡 조립체와 이를 이용한 이차전지
CN101626067B (zh) * 2008-07-10 2013-01-16 深圳市比克电池有限公司 一种电芯极耳与盖板的连接结构
JP6528976B2 (ja) * 2016-11-08 2019-06-12 トヨタ自動車株式会社 組電池
CN118104063A (zh) * 2021-10-11 2024-05-28 株式会社村田制作所 二次电池

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CN100340011C (zh) * 2004-11-05 2007-09-26 能元科技股份有限公司 方形电池的端盖板结构
CN101341609B (zh) * 2005-12-22 2010-07-21 株式会社Lg化学 使用压配式铆钉的非焊型电池组
CN104009257A (zh) * 2013-02-27 2014-08-27 三星Sdi株式会社 可再充电电池
US9711777B2 (en) 2013-02-27 2017-07-18 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Rechargeable battery
CN104009257B (zh) * 2013-02-27 2019-01-22 三星Sdi株式会社 可再充电电池

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JP4263289B2 (ja) 2009-05-13
KR100274889B1 (ko) 2001-02-01
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KR19990084564A (ko) 1999-12-06
US6168879B1 (en) 2001-01-02
JPH11329407A (ja) 1999-11-30

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