CN1227987C - Pre-mixing agent for processing active feed for shellfish - Google Patents

Pre-mixing agent for processing active feed for shellfish Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1227987C
CN1227987C CNB03116966XA CN03116966A CN1227987C CN 1227987 C CN1227987 C CN 1227987C CN B03116966X A CNB03116966X A CN B03116966XA CN 03116966 A CN03116966 A CN 03116966A CN 1227987 C CN1227987 C CN 1227987C
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shellfish
weight
shellfishes
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CN1451294A (en
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叶均安
刘建新
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a premixing agent for processing active feed for shellfishes, which is a premixing agent prepared from mineral elements of proteinase, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, cobalt, selenium, etc., B vitamins of thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, biotin, folic acid, etc. and substances composed from preservative and is prepared by thoroughly mixing the mineral elements, the B vitamins and the substances composed from preservative. The premixing agent is used for processing active feed for shellfishes by using raw materials of fish and shrimp protein feed. When the premixing agent is used for processing active feed for shellfishes by using raw materials of vegetable protein feed of soybean meal, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, etc., amylase is added to the premixing agent formula. The premixing agent can degrade macromolecular protein and amylum into micromolecular small peptide, amino acid, oligosaccharide and monosaccharide for promoting the absorption of filter-feeding shellfishes, promoting the utilization efficiency on nutritive substances of shellfishes by the replenishment of mineral substances and vitamins, accelerating the growth of shellfishes, promoting the growth of unicellular algae and reducing the environment pollution degree of feed.

Description

Be used to process the pre-mixing agent of shellfish active bait
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of pre-mixing agent that is used to process the shellfish active bait.More particularly, the present invention relates to the nutritional characteristic of filter-feeding shellfish, the even matter powdery pre-mixing agent of forming by enzyme, mineral matter element, vitamin etc.By the enzyme in the pre-mixing agent, make macro-molecular protein and starch resolve into little peptide, amino acid and oligosaccharides, monose, by replenishing mineral matter element, vitamins and other nutritious components in the pre-mixing agent, make it to become active bait nutritious, that can be absorbed rapidly by the filter-feeding shellfish, promote the shellfish growth, simultaneously, promote unicellular alga growth in the water, enrich shellfish bait, reduce environmental pollution, guarantee a kind of new bait of shellfish healthy growth.
Background technology
In recent years, because China encloses and is coated with cultured area and enlarges year by year, coastal prawn culturing benefit descends, intertidal shellfish is cultured and is obtained large-scale development, the razor clam of particularly hanging, the mud blood clam, clam, mussel, the high density intensive culture of scallop and oyster, utilize natural zooplankter in the seawater, unicellular alga can not have been satisfied the normal growth needs of shellfish as the traditional approach of foundation bait, for promoting the growth of shellfish, the coastal culturist of China utilizes the low value fishes and shrimps directly to throw in shellfish culture through rubbing or without any processing and coats, raising together with under the situation of prawn, excreta by the shrimp body becomes shellfish bait, during monoculture, through rotting naturally, after the decomposition, as shellfish bait or be used for rich water, promote the unicellular alga growth, enrich shellfish bait.This cultural method can not be degraded rapidly because of the fishes and shrimps material when monoculture, is absorbed, utilizes by shellfish, easily causes to be coated with matter blackout, aging, harmful microorganism grows in a large number, simultaneously, produces harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide because of fishes and shrimps are corrupt, cause shellfish anoxic, premunition to descend, even large tracts of land death; When water temperature was low, this cultural method had not both reached the purpose that promotes unicellular alga, shellfish growth, contaminated environment again.
In culturing, China's intertidal shellfish still have the fermented livestock of use excrement, vegetable protein (as soya-bean cake) fermented product, chemical industry fertilizer to splash at beach (water surface), by cultivating unicellular alga, improve the shellfish growth, but, such food nutrition composition is extremely uneven, cultivation is suitable for benthic algae limited in one's ability of shellfish growth, and is easily absorbed by macros such as blue mud tongue, hydrodictyon reticulatums, does not reach the purpose of accelerating the shellfish growth.And easily cause water pollution, be coated with the aging and shellfish of matter and fall ill because of nutritional deficiency even large tracts of land death, bring very big loss to the operator.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pre-mixing agent that is used to process the shellfish active bait.
A kind of pre-mixing agent that is used to process the shellfish active bait, during with fishes and shrimps protein feeds source, by weight percentage, protease 3～30%, mineral salt 5～59%, vitamin 0.02～0.5%, anticorrisive agent 5～10%, diluent 86.98～0%.
Another kind is used to process the pre-mixing agent of shellfish active bait, during with plant-derived protein feed sources such as dregs of beans, the cottonseed dregs of rice and rapeseed dregs, by weight percentage, protease 1.5～15%, amylase 6.25～43.75%, mineral salt 2.5～29.5%, vitamin 0.01～0.25%, anticorrisive agent 2.5～5%, diluent 87.24～6.5%.
Premix can become macro-molecular protein, starch degradation micromolecular little peptide, amino acid and oligosaccharides, monose, promote the absorption of filter-feeding shellfish, the minerals and vitamins that replenishes promotes the utilization ratio of shellfish to nutriment, quicken the growth of shellfish, can promote simultaneously the growth of unicellular alga, reduce the pollution level of bait environment.
The specific embodiment
Be used to process the pre-mixing agent of shellfish active bait, during with fishes and shrimps protein feeds source, by weight percentage, protease 3～30%, mineral salt 5～59%, vitamin 0.02～0.5%, anticorrisive agent 5～10%, diluent 86.98～0%.
(1) this pre-mixing agent is even matter powder;
(2) contain protease, its enzyme activity is 30～3,000,000 units;
(3) contain mineral trace element: iron content is that 2～20 grams, zinc content are that 0.3～5 gram, manganese are that 0.5～5 gram, copper are 0.05～0.5 gram, cobalt 0.001～0.02 gram, selenium 0.003～0.06 gram;
(4) contain the B family vitamin: thiamine 1～25mg, riboflavin 4～100mg, nicotinic acid 20～500mg, calcium pantothenate 4～100mg, Cobastab 64～100mg, Cobastab 120.01～0.25mg, biotin 0.04～1.0mg and folic acid 0.5～10mg.
During with plant-derived protein feed sources such as dregs of beans, the cottonseed dregs of rice and rapeseed dregs, by weight percentage, protease 1.5～15%, amylase 6.25～43.75%, mineral salt 2.5～29.5%, vitamin 0.01～0.25%, anticorrisive agent 2.5～5%, diluent 87.24～6.5%.
(1) this pre-mixing agent is even matter powder;
(2) contain protease, its enzyme activity is 30～3,000,000 units;
(3) starch-containing enzyme, its enzyme activity are 10～700,000 units;
(4) contain mineral trace element: iron content is that 2～20 grams, zinc content are that 0.3～5 gram, manganese are that 0.5～5 gram, copper are 0.05～0.5 gram, cobalt 0.001～0.02 gram, selenium 0.003～0.06 gram;
(5) contain the B family vitamin: thiamine 1～25mg, riboflavin 4～100mg, nicotinic acid 20～500mg, calcium pantothenate 4～100mg, Cobastab 64～100mg, Cobastab 120.01～0.25mg, biotin 0.04～1.0mg and folic acid 0.5～10mg.
The feature of direct application of the present invention and consumption is: a through rubbing or expecting to add 0～3 part in water in bag or the bucket without the fresh net dilating fish that rubs, shrimp; Or get a through rubbing or expecting to add 0～6 part in water in bag or the bucket without the fresh fish that rubs, shrimp; Or get in a dry fish, shrimp med bag or the bucket and add 0.5～18 part in water; Or get in a dregs of beans or the cottonseed dregs of rice or rapeseed dregs bag or the bucket and add 0.5～18 part in water, soak after 1 day.0.3～3 part of pre-mixing agent among interpolation the present invention.
The feature of indirect application object of the present invention is: be used to culture the bait of filter-feeding shellfish, it comprises: mud blood clam, the razor clam of hanging, clam, mussel, scallop and oyster.Or be used to cultivate unicellular alga.
The protease that adds in the pre-mixing agent comprises neutral proteinase, acid protease and alkali protease.The effect of protease is to make the high molecular protein degradation in the fishes and shrimps material become low molecular little peptide and amino acid, helps absorption of shellfish and the growth of unicellular alga, thereby promotes the healthy growth of shellfish.
Adding amylase in the pre-mixing agent is to use the man-hour that adds that is used for phytoprotein feedstuffs such as dregs of beans, the cottonseed dregs of rice, rapeseed dregs.Diastatic effect is to make the high molecular starch degradation in dregs of beans, the cottonseed dregs of rice, the rapeseed dregs become micromolecular oligosaccharides and monose, helps absorption of shellfish and the growth of unicellular alga, thereby promotes the healthy growth of shellfish.
Adding mineral matter element in the pre-mixing agent is:
(1) can become organic salt with little peptide, the amino-acid complex in the active bait, help the absorption of mineral matter element;
(2) mineral matter element in the prescription is the constituent of animal body tissue, enzyme, after being absorbed by shellfish, can promote the growth of shell as iron, selenium is the constituent of glutathione peroxidase, appropriate supplement selenium can improve the premunition of animal body, promotes the healthy growth of shellfish.Utilized by unicellular algae, can promote the growth of unicellular alga.
Add being of B vitamin in the pre-mixing agent:
(1) can be promoted the conversion of human body energy, protein after being absorbed by shellfish, be improved food utilization efficiency, be promoted the shellfish growth, simultaneously, be alleviated the pollution level of shellfish excreta environment;
(2) utilized by unicellular algae, can promote the growth of unicellular alga;
The effect of the anticorrisive agent that relates among the present invention is the corruption that causes because of microbial reproduction in the active bait process in order to prevent, the healthy growth after the quality of assurance active bait and shellfish ingest;
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used to the present invention is described and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1 is used for the pre-mixing agent prescription that the fishes and shrimps material is processed
Neutral proteinase 20 grams (1,000,000 unit); Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 25 grams; Monohydrate zinc sulphate 5 grams; Manganese sulfate monohydrate 10 grams; Copper sulfate monohydrate 0.4 gram; 1% cobalt chloride, 2 grams; 1% sodium selenite, 3 grams; Thiamine 5mg, Riboflavin Tetrabutyrate 0mg, nicotinic acid 100mg, calcium pantothenate 20mg, Cobastab 620mg, 1% Cobastab 125mg, 2% biotin 10mg and folic acid 2.5mg.Sodium propionate 20 grams.Zeolite powder 114.4 grams.Through fully mixing.
Get about 15kg net dilating fish shrimp material and rub through pulverizer, put in the bucket, add water 5kg, add the pre-mixing agent portion among the present invention, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 4 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Example 2 is used for the pre-mixing agent prescription that the fishes and shrimps material is processed
Neutral proteinase 6 grams (1,000,000 unit); Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 6 grams; Monohydrate zinc sulphate 1 gram; Manganese sulfate monohydrate 1.7 grams; Copper sulfate monohydrate 0.15 gram; 1% cobalt chloride, 0.5 gram; 1% sodium selenite, 0.7 gram; Thiamine 1mg, riboflavin 4mg, nicotinic acid 20mg, calcium pantothenate 4mg, Cobastab 64mg, 1% Cobastab 121mg, 2% biotin 2mg and folic acid 0.5mg.Sodium propionate 10 grams.Zeolite powder 173.9 grams.Through fully mixing.
Get about 15kg net dilating fish shrimp material and rub through pulverizer, put in the bucket, add water 5kg, add 3 parts of pre-mixing agents among the present invention, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 4 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Example 3 is used for the pre-mixing agent prescription that the fishes and shrimps material is processed
Neutral proteinase 60 grams (1,000,000 unit); Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 65 grams; Monohydrate zinc sulphate 14 grams; Manganese sulfate monohydrate 16 grams; Copper sulfate monohydrate 1.4 grams; 1% 1 water cobalt chloride, 8 grams; 1% sodium selenite, 13 grams; Thiamine 25mg, riboflavin 100mg, nicotinic acid 500mg, calcium pantothenate 100mg, Cobastab 6100mg, 1% Cobastab 1225mg, 2% biotin 50mg and folic acid 10mg.Sodium propionate 20 grams.Zeolite powder 1.69 grams.Through fully mixing.
Get about 15kg net dilating fish shrimp material and rub through pulverizer, put in the bucket, add water 5kg, add 0.3 part of pre-mixing agent among the present invention, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 4 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Embodiment 4, are used for the pre-mixing agent prescription of dregs of beans material processing
Neutral proteinase 20 grams (1,000,000 unit); AMS 100 grams (400,000 unit); Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 25 grams; Monohydrate zinc sulphate 5 grams; Manganese sulfate monohydrate 10 grams; Copper sulfate monohydrate 0.4 gram; 1% 1 water cobalt chloride, 2 grams; 1% sodium selenite, 3 grams; Thiamine 5mg, Riboflavin Tetrabutyrate 0mg, nicotinic acid 100mg, calcium pantothenate 20, Cobastab 620mg, Cobastab 120.05mg, biotin 0.2mg and folic acid 2.5mg.Sodium propionate 20 grams.Zeolite powder 214.43 grams.Through fully mixing.
Get about 4kg dregs of beans, put in the bucket, add water 15kg, soak after 1 day the pre-mixing agent portion that adds among the present invention, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 4 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Example 5 is used for the pre-mixing agent prescription that the dregs of beans material is processed
Neutral proteinase 6 grams (1,000,000 unit); AMS 25 grams (100,000 unit); Ferrous sulfate monohydrate 6 grams; Monohydrate zinc sulphate 1 gram; Manganese sulfate monohydrate 1.7 grams; Copper sulfate monohydrate 0.15 gram; 1% cobalt chloride, 0.5 gram; 1% sodium selenite, 0.7 gram; Thiamine 1mg, riboflavin 4mg, nicotinic acid 20mg, calcium pantothenate 4mg, Cobastab 64mg, 1% Cobastab 121mg, 2% biotin 2mg and folic acid 0.5mg.Sodium propionate 10 grams.Zeolite powder 348.9 grams.Through fully mixing.
Get about 4kg dregs of beans, put in the bucket, add water 15kg, soak after 1 day 3 parts of the pre-mixing agents that add among the present invention, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 4 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.
Example 6 is used for the pre-mixing agent prescription that the dregs of beans material is processed
Neutral proteinase 60 grams (1,000,000 unit); AMS 175 grams (700,000 unit); Sulfuric acid monohydrate industry iron 65 grams; Monohydrate zinc sulphate 14 grams; Manganese sulfate monohydrate 16 grams; Copper sulfate monohydrate 1.4 grams; 1% 1 water cobalt chloride, 8 grams; 1% sodium selenite, 13 grams; Thiamine 25mg, riboflavin 100mg, nicotinic acid 500mg, calcium pantothenate 100mg, Cobastab 6100mg, 1% Cobastab 1225mg, 2% biotin 50mg and folic acid 10mg.Sodium propionate 20 grams.Zeolite powder 26.69 grams.Through fully mixing.
Get about 4kg dregs of beans, put in the bucket, add water 15kg, soak after 1 day 0.3 part of the pre-mixing agent that adds among the present invention, mixing is added a cover, and the time stirred 1 time every 4 hours by day, when temperature during 15 ℃ of left and right sides, places 6 days; When temperature during, placed 4 days 25 ℃ of left and right sides; When temperature during 40 ℃ of left and right sides, placed 2 days, can use.Be used for the fertile Becquerel water surface that Yu Yangbei is coated with of directly splashing, according to the growth needs of shellfish, consumption is not limit; Being used for rich water should be when fine, and above-mentioned active bait can be splashed on 1 mu of water surface, or looks the water quality girth of a garment and take the circumstances into consideration increase and decrease.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of pre-mixing agent that is used to process the shellfish active bait is characterized in that, during with fishes and shrimps protein feeds source, by weight percentage, protease 3～30%, mineral salt 5～59%, vitamin 0.02～0.5%, anticorrisive agent 5～10%, diluent 86.98～0%; Wherein, described mineral salt is made up of following material: iron 2～20 weight portions, zinc 0.3～5 weight portion, manganese 0.5～5 weight portion, copper 0.05～0.5 weight portion, cobalt 0.001～0.02 weight portion, selenium 0.003～0.06 weight portion; Described vitamin is made up of following material: thiamine 1～25 weight portion, riboflavin 4～100 weight portions, nicotinic acid 20～500 weight portions, calcium pantothenate 4～100 weight portions, Cobastab 64～100 weight portions, Cobastab 120.01～0.25 weight portion, biotin 0.04～1.0 weight portion and folic acid 0.5～10 weight portion.
2, a kind of pre-mixing agent that is used to process the shellfish active bait as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said protease, and its enzyme activity is 30～3,000,000 units.
3, a kind of pre-mixing agent that is used to process the shellfish active bait, it is characterized in that, during with dregs of beans, the cottonseed dregs of rice and rapeseed dregs plant-derived protein feed source, by weight percentage, protease 1.5～15%, amylase 6.25～43.75%, mineral salt 2.5～29.5%, vitamin 0.01～0.25%, anticorrisive agent 2.5～5%, diluent 87.24～6.5%; Wherein, described mineral salt is made up of following material: iron 2～20 weight portions, zinc 0.3～5 weight portion, manganese 0.5～5 weight portion, copper 0.05～0.5 weight portion, cobalt 0.001～0.02 weight portion, selenium 0.003～0.06 weight portion; Described vitamin is made up of following material: thiamine 1～25 weight portion, riboflavin 4～100 weight portions, nicotinic acid 20～500 weight portions, calcium pantothenate 4～100 weight portions, Cobastab 64～100 weight portions, Cobastab 120.01～0.25 weight portion, biotin 0.04～1.0 weight portion and folic acid 0.5～10 weight portion.
4, a kind of pre-mixing agent that is used to process the shellfish active bait as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that said protease, and its enzyme activity is 30～3,000,000 units.
5, a kind of pre-mixing agent that is used to process the shellfish active bait as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that said amylase, and its enzyme activity is 10～700,000 units.
CNB03116966XA 2003-05-13 2003-05-13 Pre-mixing agent for processing active feed for shellfish Expired - Fee Related CN1227987C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100398001C (en) * 2004-05-17 2008-07-02 浙江大学 Bait with enzymolysis being needed before use for shellfish
CN102090527B (en) * 2009-12-14 2013-01-09 王宝山 Sinonovacula biological feed and preparation method thereof
CN101971918A (en) * 2010-08-14 2011-02-16 格特生物制药（天津）有限公司 Water-soluble vitamin functional feed additive and preparation method thereof
CN104996815B (en) * 2015-07-31 2018-10-16 广东海洋大学 A kind of pteria martensii micro-encapsulated diet and preparation method thereof
CN115633746A (en) * 2022-11-16 2023-01-24 江苏海洋大学 Universal shellfish microcapsule feed and preparation method thereof

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